Lesson 15 Fifty pence worth of trouble（五十便士的麻烦）知识点讲解- 新概念英语第三册

Lesson15Fiftypenceworthoftrouble五十便士的麻烦Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.听录音，然后回答以下问题。DidGeorgegetanythingforhisfiftypence?What?Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney,butunclesandantsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedisrightarmthroughthedraincover.Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnogethisarmout.Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefighterfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithlargeboxofchocolates.参考译文孩子们总是喜欢得到一些零花钱。爸爸妈妈当然经常给孩子零花钱，但是，叔舅婶姨也是孩子们额外收入来源。对于有些孩子来说，少量的钱可以花很长一段时间。如果50便士不拿来换糖吃，则可以放在储蓄罐里叮当响上好几月。但是能把储蓄罐装满的只有屈指可数的几个特别节俭的孩子。对大部分孩子来说，用50便士来买一大块好的巧克力，是算不了什么的。我的外甥乔治有一个储蓄罐，但总是空空的。我给了不少50便士的硬币，但没有几个存到储蓄罐里。昨天，我给了他50便士让存起来，却拿这钱给自己买了50便士的麻烦。在他去糖果店的路上，50便士掉在地上，在人行道上跳了几下，掉进了阴沟里。乔治脱掉外套，卷起袖子，将右胳膊伸进了阴沟盖。但他摸了半天也没找到那50便士硬币，他的胳膊反倒退不出来了。这时在他周围上了许多人，一位女士在乔治胳膊上抹了肥皂，黄油，但乔治的胳膊仍然卡得紧紧的。有人打电话叫来消防队，两位消防队员使用了一种特殊的润滑剂才使乔治得以解脱。不过，此事并没使乔治过于伤心，因为糖果店老板娘听说了他遇到的麻烦后，赏给他一大盒巧克力。一、单词讲解Newwordsandexpressionsappreciate[əˈpri:ʃieit]v.欣赏，感激pocketmoney零用钱rattle['rætl]v.格格作响thrifty['θrifti]adj.节俭的nephew['nevju(:)]n.侄子，外甥bounce[bauns]v.弹起，跳起pavement[ˈpeɪvmənt]n.人行道stick[stik](stuck,stuck)v.卡住，夹住，不能再动brigade[bri'geid]n.旅,（消防）队grease[gri:s]n.润滑油appreciatev.tobeverythankfulforsthgiveneg.Iappreciateyourhelpalot.Iwouldappreciateif…(pleasedowhatIaskfor请按照我所要求的那样做吧)eg.Iwouldappreciateifyoucangivemeahand.begratefultosbforsth（正式）eg.I’mdeeplygratefultoMr.Smithforhiskindhelp.owe…to欠…的，归功于eg.I.O.U:Ioweyou.eg.Ioweeverythingtomymother.acknowledge:showthanksto鸣谢pocketn.口袋pocketmoney零用钱havedeeppockets:havealotofmoneyhaveanemptypockettoburnaholeinone’spocket花钱如流水Nomoney,nohoney.pocketdictionarypocketknife小刀pocketcamerarattlev.tomakeshort,sharpsoundsquickly,oneafteranothereg.Thewindowsarerattlinginthewind.eg.Therattlesnakewillbiteitsowntailwhenitiscornered.jinglev.(金属相撞发出的清脆的叮当声)crackv.(枪、鞭炮以及雷发出的清脆的声音)clickv.(钟)滴答声tootv.(汽车喇叭)嘟嘟声thriftyadj.节俭的，节约的(褒义)eg.hardworking,thriftynationfrugaladj.节约，朴素economicaladj.节约的，经济的，耐用的economicalclassaneconomicalwife(humorous)stingyadj.舍不得花钱的niggardn.财迷鬼niggardlyadj.小气的niggardlywages杯水车薪miserly吝啬的closefisted财迷的penny-pincher视财如命的oldscrew老守财奴bouncev.(快速动作)弹起bebouncedinto(doing)sth(tobeforcedtodecidesthquicklyoragreeaparticulardecision)匆忙之中决定,立即答应eg.Theyarebouncedintomarriagebecausetheirparentshavemadeuptheirmind.playthepianoplucktheguitarimpeach弹劾flicktheashfromthecigartalklove谈情说爱pavement(Br.)人行道sidewalk(Am.)人行道pavev.铺路topavethewayfor为铺设道路，奠定基础eg.Manyparentssacrificedalottopavethewayfortheirchildren’sfuture.pedestriann.行人pede-脚pedal脚蹬centipede百足虫,蜈蚣expressway（Br.）freeway(Am.)thoroughfare主路stick(stuck,stuck)卡住eg.Igotstuckintheheavysnow.eg.Igotstuckontheproblem.eg.Afishbonestuckinmythroat.stickinone’smind难以忘记keepsthfreshinmind记忆犹新eg.Mother’sindustryandthriftsticksinmymindforever.stickybusiness(棘手)麻烦事ahotpotato烫手的山芋brigaden.旅firebrigade:firestation消防大队arm军jointhearmairforcenavygroundforce/landforce陆军divisions师regiment 团（alargenumberofpeople,animals)eg.Alargeregimentofantsappearedafterashower.battalion营company连（agroupofabout120soldiers）acompanyoftravelers一群旅行者acompanyoftouristseg.two’scompany,three’scrowd.一个人是龙，两个人是虫platoon排lieutenantn.（陆、空军）中将；（海军）中尉eg.Aplatooniscommandedbyalieutenant.squad班（Am）,啦啦队员fire-fightingsquad消防队firefightern.消防队员greasen.润滑油（剂）greasyskin油性皮肤greasyroad湿滑的路面agreasysmile一脸奸笑greasev.greasesb’spalm行贿（togivesbmoneyinasecretordishonestinordertopersuadethemtodosth)sesameoil香油soyoil豆油soysauce(调味汁)酱油peanutoil花生油handcream护手霜二、课文讲解Childrenalwaysappreciatesmallgiftsofmoney.giftn.1)礼物（onaspecialoccasionortothanksb）makesbagiftofstheg.Iwasmadeagiftofanewdressonbirthday.eg.Iwouldnothaveitasagift.白给也不要。2)anaturalabilityortalent天赋eg.Shehasagiftformusic.agiftedmanatalentedmanamanofparts(古)有才能的人Mumordad,ofcourse,providearegularsupplyofpocketmoney…aregularsupply(veryoften)aregularcustomeraregularvisitoraregularsoldieraregulararmyaregulartroop…butunclesandauntsarealwaysasourceofextraincome.sourcen.来源eg.Forme,musicisagreatsourceofenjoyment.eg.Thesourceofhappinesseg.Therootofevilresources资源，物资naturalresourcesextra(outsideanarea)extradite引渡回国extramarital有外遇的extracurricular课外的extracurricularactivities课外活动Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.goalongwayeg.TolearnEnglish,wehavealongwaytogo.eg.Alittlemoneywillgoalongwaywithafrugalchild.tobelikelytosucceed极有可能获得成功的，取得很大成就eg.Geneticresearchhasgonealongwayinthelastfewyears.goalongwaytowards(doing)sth对于获得…或最终的得到…大有帮助(tohelpgreatlyinachievingsth)eg.Clonewillgoalongwaytowardshumanresearch.goone’sownway走自己的路Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets,theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.Iffiftypencepiecesarenotexchangedforsweets…exchangev.交换exchangeideasexchangesblows打起来了exchangetelephonenumbers互留电话号码exchangelooks交换眼神exchangewords交谈exchangesthfor用前者去换后者eg.WherecanIexchangedollarsforpounds?substitutev．替换（用前者替换后者）substituteAforBreplaceBby/withA（用后者替换前者）candidaten.候选人，应征者apresidentialcandidate总统候选人alessenpaidforinblood鲜血换来的教训…theyrattleformonthsinsidemoneyboxes.moneybox存钱罐strongbox保险柜callbox电话亭jurybox陪审团pillar-box(Br.）邮筒mailbox(Am.)pill-box药盒；碉堡boxoffice售票处，票房Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoneybox.fillup填满eg.Theangrycrowdfilledupeveryroad.eg.Ifilledmyselfupwithmyfavoritefood.duck-stuffing填鸭式教学befilledwith充满（动态）eg.Thelittleboyisfilledwithcuriosityinthisnewschool.befullof充满（状态）eg.Heisfullofguiltaboutthedeathofhisdaughter.Formostofthem,fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayforanicebigbarofchocolate.…fiftypenceisasmallpricetopayfor…pennyn．便士pennies（强调数量的复数）pence（价值上的复数概念）penniless身无分文的haveanemptypocketpenny-pincher省吃俭用的penny-wise省小钱的，贪小便宜的penny-wiseandpound-foolish贪小失大aprettypenny一大笔钱eg.Heinheritedaprettypennyfromhislateaunt.payforsth支付；为…而付出代价(tosufferorbepunishedforsthyouhavedone)eg.Humanswillonedaypayforwhattheyhavedonetotheearth.answerfor对…（后果）负责任eg.Humanswillanswerfortheheavypollution.Mynephew,George,hasamoneyboxbutitisalwaysempty.VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.…Ihavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.findone'sway到达(itarrivesorgetthereaftersometime)eg.Onlyoneofteninventionshasfounditswayintoshops.eg.Howthosepoliticalscandalsfoundtheirwayinthenewspapers!findoneself找到曾经失落的自己eg.Oncehewaslostandnowhefindshimself.Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit.Insteadheboughthimselffiftypenceworthoftrouble.Insteadheboughthimself…insteadadv.（前面提到的事物的替代或替换）eg.Wecouldn'tgiveup,wemustholdoninstead.eg.Itoldhimnottorisk;instead,hefinallyfoundhimselfintrouble.(instead是对”前提”在逻辑上的一种否定，往往客观事实在instead所在的部分。）insteadof而不是，没…而…eg.Weshoulddosomethinginsteadoftalkingaboutit.eg.Hestudiedmedicineinhisyouth,buthebecameadetectivewriterinsteadofadoctor.（与instead相反，insteadof是对of后宾语的一种否定，而事实往往出现在insteadof这个短语之前。）Onhiswaytothesweetshop,hedroppedhisfiftypenceanditbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.Onhiswaytothesweetshop…Onone’swaytoeg.Onourwaytosuccess,weareboundtomeetwithdifficulties.eg.Failuresaretheonlystepsonthewaytovictory.onone'striptoonhisfishingtriptothecountrysideontheirhoneymoontriptoFranceontheroadtoeg.IsraelandPalestineareontheroadtopeace.ontheroadtoruin…itbouncedalongthepavementandthendisappeareddownadrain.disappeardownadraingodownthedrain:tobewastedeg.Allofoureffortswentdownthedrain.Georgetookoffhisjacket,rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarmthroughthedraincover.Georgetookoffhisjacket…takeoffhisjackettheplanetakesoffputoff:postpone推迟calloff:cancel取消turnoff/turnonburnoff烧掉brushsboff冷漠地拒绝eg.Imadeapassather,butshebrushedmeoff.…rolleduphissleevesandpushedhisrightarm…rolluphissleeves(tostartdoingajobeventhoughitisdifficultorunpleasant)eg.HerollsuphissleevestostudyEnglish.Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypencepieceanywhere,andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.…andwhatismore,hecouldnotgethisarmout.andwhatismore（插入语）更有甚者whatisworse更槽糕的eg.Hecouldn'tfindhiswayhome,andwhatisworse,hefoundhimselflostintheforest.Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhimandaladyrubbedhisarmwithsoapandbutter,butGeorgewasfirmlystuck.Acrowdofpeoplegatheredround…acrowdofpeople表示数量不大的人群量词aflockofyounggirlsacircleoffriends一大堆朋友acloudofhorsemenacollegeoftranslatorsacollectionofoddpeopleagalaxyofbeautiesafloodofcallers一大群来访者afloodofcursesafloodoflettersafloodofblessingsafloodofangerrub揉搓rubthefurthewrongway惹怒了某人eg.Iprobablysaidsomethingwrongthatrubbedhisfurthewrongway!ThefirebrigadewascalledandtwofirefightersfreedGeorgeusingaspecialtypeofgrease.Georgewasnottooupsetbyhisexperiencebecausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandrewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.Thefirebrigadewascalled…callthefirebrigade报火警callthepo1ice报警…rewardedhimwithalargeboxofchocolates.rewardv.回报，奖赏(togivesthtosbbecausetheyhavedonesthgoodorhelpful)rewardsbwithsth回报了某人以…，报以某人…eg.Sherewardedtheyoungmanwhohelpedheralotwithasweetsmile.n.赏金，酬金eg.Heofferedarewardof$2000forhismissingson.awardn.奖品，奖金（比赛）thebestactressaward最佳女员奖awardv.授予，颁给(toofficiallygivesbsthsuchasaprize)awardsbstheg.Theuniversityawardedthebeststudentsscholarship.三、Review1.Withsomechildren,smallsumsgoalongway.goalongwayeg.TolearnEnglish,wehavealongwaytogo.eg.Alittlemoneywillgoalongwaywithafrugalchild.tobelikelytosucceedeg.Geneticresearchhasgonealongwayinthelastfewyears.goalongwaytowards(doing)sth(tohelpgreatlyinachievingsth)eg.Clonewillgoalongwaytowardshumanresearch.goone’sownway走自己的路2.VeryfewofthefiftypencepiecesandpoundcoinsIhavegivenhimhavefoundtheirwaythere.findone’sway到达(itarrivesorgetthereaftersometime)eg.Onlyoneofteninventionshasfounditswayintoshops.eg.Howthosepoliticalscandalsfoundtheirwayinthenewspapers!findoneselfeg.Oncehewas1ostandnowhefindshimself.3.onhiswaytothesweetshop…onone'swaytoeg.Onourwaytosuccess,weareboundtomeetwithdifficulties.eg.Failuresaretheonlystepsonthewaytovictory.onone'striptoonhisfishingtriptothecountrysideontheirhoneymoontriptoFranceontheroadtoeg.IsraelandPalestineareontheroadtopeace.ontheroadtoruin4.acrowdofpeoplegatheredaroundhim.表示数量不大的人群量词acrowdofpeopleaflockofyounggirlsacircleoffriendsacloudofhorsemenacollegeoftranslatorsagalaxyofbeautiesafloodofcallers一大群来访者afloodofcursesafloodoflettersafloodofblessingsafloodofanger四、Idioms1.Whatwillbewillbe.是福不是祸，是祸躲不过。2.Whenthere’slife,thereishope.留得青山在不愁没柴烧3.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.有志者事竟成。五、Exercises5.Igavehimfiftypenceyesterdayandadvisedhimhe___it.A.savesB.shouldsaveC.wouldsaveD.wassaving分析:本题有关动词”advise”的使用。在”toadvisesb+that”从句结构中，that从句通常要使用虚拟语气，即(should)＋动词原形。7.Hecouldnotfindhisfiftypenceanywhere____gethisarmout.A.norcouldheB.norhecouldC.neitherhecouldD.eitherhecouldnot分析:本题有关使用”nor”和”neither”时的句子结构问题。使用“nor”和”neither”，其后需要使用倒装形式。Acrowdofpeoplegathered____andalady…onatourB.inturnC.inacircleD.inacycle分析:原文”Acrowdofpeoplegatheredroundhim…”中的，gatherround意为”在一周围聚集”。A．在旅行中；B.轮流地，反过来；D．以一个周期地；C．环绕一周地。11.Georgewas____stuck.A.strictlyB.wellandtrulyC.hardlyD.bynomeans分析:原文”…butGeorgewasfirmlystuck…”（仍卡得紧紧的）A.严格，严厉地；C．几乎不；D，根本不，决不；B.直是…，实在是…。Supplementaryexercises1.Iwouldappreciate____itasecret.A.yourkeepingB.youtokeepC.thatyoukeepD.thatyouwillkeep分析:题意；你能对此保守秘密，我将十分感谢。面加动名词。2.Hisattitudetoworkmainlyde