新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇

新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇xxx公司新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度新东方考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）：UNIT22TEXTONEAlthoughitsymbolisesabrightidea,thetraditionalincandescentlightbulbisadud.Itwasteshugeamountsofelectricity,radiating95%oftheenergyitconsumesasheatratherthanlight.Itslifeisalsorelativelyshort,culminatinginadullpopasitsfilamentfractures.Nowateamofresearchershasdevisedalightbulbthatisnotonlymuchmoreenergy-efficient—itisalsoexpectedtolastlongerthanthedevicesintowhichitisinserted.Moreover,thelampcouldbeusedforrear-projectiontelevisionsaswellasgeneralillumination.Thetricktoalongerlife,forlightbulbsatleast,istoensurethatthelamphasnoelectrodes.Althoughelectrodesareundeniablyconvenientforpluggingbulbsdirectlyintothelightingsystem,theyarealsothemainreasonwhylampsfail.Theelectrodeswearout.Theycanreactchemicallywiththegasinsidethelightbulb,makingitgrowdimmer.Theyarealsodifficulttosealintothestructureofthebulb,makingtheruptureofthesesealsanotherpotentialsourceoffailure.ScientistsworkingforCeravision,acompanybasedinMiltonKeynes,inBritain,havedesignedanewformoflampthateliminatestheneedforelectrodes.Theirdeviceusesmicrowavestotransformelectricityintolight.Itconsistsofarelativelysmalllumpofaluminiumoxideintowhichaholehasbeenbored.Whenthealuminiumoxideisbombardedwithmicrowavesgeneratedfromthesamesortofdevicethatpowersamicrowaveoven,aconcentratedelectricfieldiscreatedinsidethevoid.Ifacylindricalcapsulecontainingasuitablegasisinsertedintothehole,theatomsofthegasbecomeionised.Aselectronsaccelerateintheelectricfield,theygainenergythattheypassontotheatomsandmoleculesofthegasastheycollidewiththem,creatingaglowingplasma.Theresultinglightisbright,andtheprocessisenergy-efficient.Indeed,whereastraditionallightbulbsemitjust5%oftheirenergyaslight,andfluorescenttubesabout15%,theCeravisionlamphasanefficiencygreaterthan50%.Becausethelamphasnofilament,thescientistswhodevelopeditthinkitwilllastforthousandsofhoursofuse—inotherwords,fordecades.Moreover,thelightitgeneratescomesfromwhatisalmostasinglepoint,whichmeansthatthebulbscanbeusedinprojectorsandtelevisions.Becauseofthis,thelightismuchmoredirectionalandthelampcouldthusprovemoreefficientthanbulbsthatscatterlightinalldirections.Itslonglifewouldmakethenewlightidealforbuildingsinwhichthearchitecturemakeschanginglightbulbscomplicatedandexpensive.Thelamps'smallsizemakesthemcomparabletolight-emittingdiodesbutthenewlampgeneratesmuchbrighterlightthanthosesemiconductordevicesdo.Asinglemicrowavegeneratorcanbeusedtopowerseverallamps.Anotherenvironmentaladvantageofthenewdesignisthatitdoesnotneedmercury,ahighlytoxicmetalfoundinmostofthebulbsusedtoday,includingenergy-savingfluorescentbulbs,fluorescenttubesandthehigh-pressurebulbsusedinprojectors.AndCeravisionalsoreckonsitshouldbecheaptomake.Withlightingaccountingforsome20%ofelectricityuseworldwide,switchingtoamoreefficientsystemcouldbothsaveenergyandreduceemissionsofclimate-changinggreenhousegases.1．Thefunctionofelectrodesinthetraditionallampisto_____[A]transformelectricityintolightthroughchemicalreactionwiththegasinsidethebulb.[B]sealtheruptureofthestructureofthebulbsoastopreventpotentialfailure.[C]connecttheglasshousingwiththelightingdevice.[D]sealthebulbsintothelightingsystemtoensurethatthebulb’snormalfunction.2.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTUREofthedesignprincipleofthenewlamp[A]Noelectricityisconductedintothelampfromoutside.[B]Theenergyiscreatedbythecollisionoftheelectronsandatomsandmoleculesofthegas.[C]Thelightiscreatedbytheionizedatomsofthegas.[D]Theelectricityiscreatedastheatomsofthegasareionized.3．Thenewtypeoflampcanbeenergy-efficientbecauseofthefollowingreasonexcept_____[A]thelightitgeneratesfocusesononedirectionindeedofscatterlight.[B]thelightitgeneratesismoreconcentrated.[C]onlymicrowaveactsasthepowersupplierforthelamp.[D]thelightitgeneratesismorebright.4.Thenewlightisidealforsomespecialbuildingsmentionedinthepassagebecause_____[A]thenewlightbulbsarenotsocomplicatednorexpensive.[B]thenewlightbulbsaremoreadvantageousthanthesemiconductordevices.[C]thenewlightbulbscanlastforamuchlongertime.[D]thenewlightbulbsmakeslightchangingeasierandcheaper.5.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofthisnewlamp

[A]Itisenvironmentfriendly.[B]Itcanbemadeatalowercost.[C]Itissaferforpeople.[D]Itismulti-purpose.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了一种新发明的灯泡。第一段讲述白炽灯的缺点和新灯泡的优点；第二段讲述白炽灯泡不耐用的原因；第三段讲述一家英国公司发明的新灯泡；第四段讲述这种新灯泡的原理；第五、六段讲述新灯泡的优点。词汇注释：incandescentadj.白炽的 dudn.（口语）不中用的东西filamentn.灯丝 electroden.电极ionisev.电离 plasman.等离子体dioden.二极管toxicadj.中毒的，有毒的难句突破：Whenthealuminiumoxideisbombardedwithmicrowavesgeneratedfromthesamesortofdevicethatpowersamicrowaveoven,aconcentratedelectricfieldiscreatedinsidethevoid.[主体句式]Whenthealuminiumoxideisbombardedwith…,aconcentratedelectricfieldis…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，该从句中，that引导的是定语从句用来修饰device。[句子译文]当氧化铝在真空中被微波撞击时（产生该微波的装置和微波炉是一样的），就形成了一个密集电场。Aselectronsaccelerateintheelectricfield,theygainenergythattheypassontotheatomsandmoleculesofthegasastheycollidewiththem,creatingaglowingplasma.[主体句式]Aselectronsaccelerate…,theygainenergy…astheycollide…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，as引导的是时间状语从句；主句中that引导的是定语从句用来修饰energy,as引导的时间状语从句，creating…现在分词结构做状语。[句子译文]随着电场中电子运动的加速，电子与气体的原子和分子结合之后，把传递到原子和分子上的能量聚集起来，制造出一片光亮的等离子体。题目分析：1．Thefunctionofelectrodesinthetraditionallampisto_____1．传统灯中的电极的作用是_____[A]transformelectricityintolightthroughchemicalreactionwiththegasinsidethebulb.[A]利用灯泡中的气体，通过化学反应将电转换成光。[B]sealtheruptureofthestructureofthebulbsoastopreventpotentialfailure.[B]封住灯泡结构中的裂缝以便于预防可能出现的失败现象。[C]connecttheglasshousingwiththelightingdevice.[C]将玻璃外表和发光设备联系起来。[D]sealthebulbsintothelightingsystemtoensurethebulb’snormalfunction.[D]将灯泡封入发光系统以保证灯泡的正常功能。[答案]B[难度系数]☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第二段“Althoughelectrodesareundeniablyconvenientforpluggingbulbsdirectlyintothelightingsystem,theyarealsothemainreasonwhylampsfail”，电极的作用是将灯泡和发光系统联系起来。因此答案为B选项。2.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTUREofthedesignprincipleofthenewlamp?2．关于新灯泡的设计原理，下列哪个陈述是正确的？

[A]Noelectricityisconductedintothelampfromoutside.[A]电流不是从外部引入电灯的。[B]Theenergyiscreatedbythecollisionoftheelectronsandatomsandmoleculesofthegas.[B]能量是通过气体中的电子、原子和分子的碰撞产生的。[C]Thelightiscreatedbytheionizedatomsofthegas.[C]光是靠气体电离化的原子产生的。[D]Theelectricityiscreatedastheatomsofthegasareionized.[D]电是在气体原子电离化时产生的。[答案]A[难度系数]☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第四段“Aselectronsaccelerateintheelectricfield,theygainenergythattheypassontotheatomsandmoleculesofthegasastheycollidewiththem,creatingaglowingplasma”，新灯泡没有电流从外面引入，而是电子和气体原子、分子结合产生的。因此，选项A符合题意。3．Thenewtypeoflampcanbeenergy-efficientbecauseofthefollowingreasonexcept_____3．新灯泡是节能的因为除____外的其他原因。[A]thelightitgeneratesfocusesononedirectioninsteadofscatterlight.[A]它产生的光来自一个点而不是分散的光[B]thelightitgeneratesismoreconcentrated.[B]它产生的光很聚合[C]onlymicrowaveactsasthepowersupplierforthelamp.[C]只有微波作为其能量供应来源[D]thelightitgeneratesismorebright.[D]产生的光更加明亮[答案]A[难度系数]☆☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第五段，之所以节能是因为灯光更定向，产生的光很聚合，也很明亮，但一个微波发生器就可以提供能量了。而A选项的表述只是意味着可以用于放映机和电视。因此，只有A选项是不正确的理由。4.Thenewlightisidealforsomespecialbuildingsmentionedinthepassagebecause_____4.新灯泡是一些文中提到的特殊建筑的理想设施，因为_____[A]thenewlightbulbsarenotsocomplicatednorexpensive.[A]新灯泡简单而且廉价。[B]thenewlightbulbsaremoreadvantageousthanthesemiconductordevices.[B]新灯泡比那些半导体装置具有更大的优势。[C]thenewlightbulbscanlastforamuchlongertime.[C]新灯泡可以持续用很长时间。[D]thenewlightbulbsmakeslightchangingeasierandcheaper.[D]新灯泡可以使得换灯更简单且廉价。[答案]D[难度系数]☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第六段“Itslonglifewouldmakethenewlightidealforbuildingsinwhichthearchitecturemakeschanginglightbulbscomplicatedandexpensive”，因为一些建筑物设计很特别，所以更换灯泡复杂且昂贵，这种灯泡寿命长，不用经常更换，因此适用于这种建筑。选项中D符合题意。5.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofthisnewlamp?5.下列哪个不是新灯泡的优点？

[A]Itisenvironmentfriendly.[A]新灯泡环保。[B]Itcanbemadeatalowercost.[B]新灯泡成本低。[C]Itissaferforpeople.[C]新灯泡很安全。[D]Itismulti-purpose.[D]新灯泡是多功能的。[答案]Ｄ[难度系数]☆☆[分析]根据最后一段“Anotherenvironmentaladvantageofthenewdesignisthatitdoesnotneedmercury,ahighlytoxicmetalfoundinmostofthebulbsusedtoday,includingenergy-savingfluorescentbulbs,fluorescenttubesandthehigh-pressurebulbsusedinprojectors”，可见因为不需要水银，所以环保而且安全；其造价很低。而D选项没有说明，因此答案为D。参考译文：虽然传统的白炽灯泡一直被认为是个伟大的发明，但它其实是不中用的东西。白炽灯浪费了大部分的电，将95%的能量都转化为热而不是光，其寿命也相对较短，随着灯丝断裂，啪的一声灯泡也走到了终点。目前一群研究人员已经发明出一种灯泡，不仅节能，而且比灯泡装置的寿命更长。而且，该灯泡既可用于背投电视，也可用于全面照明。长寿的秘诀，至少对于灯泡来说，就是保证灯泡没有电极。虽然不可否认电极可以很方便地将灯泡连接到发光系统，但是这同时也是灯泡为什么坏掉的主要原因：是因为电极用完了。电极会与灯泡里面的气体产生化学反应，这样灯泡就变暗了。将电极与灯泡的组织焊死也非常困难，而这些焊接的裂缝正是灯泡坏掉的另外一个潜在原因。Ceravision是一家位于英国米林基那斯的公司，其科学家设计出一种新式的电灯，可以不用电极。他们的这个装置使用微波来将电转化为光。该装置包括一块较小的氧化铝，在上面有一个洞。当氧化铝在真空中被微波撞击时（产生该微波的装置和微波炉是一样的），就形成了一个密集电场。如果把包着适当气体的圆柱形封壳塞入洞中，气体的原子就会被电离。随着电场中电子运动的加速，电子与气体的原子和分子结合之后，把传递到原子和分子上的能量聚集起来，制造出一片光亮的等离子体。其产生的光是非常明亮的，而过程也很节能。实际上，传统的电灯只将5%的能量转化为光，荧光灯泡的比率为15%，而Ceravision电灯的能耗比率要大于50%。因为这种电灯没有灯丝，所以研制该电灯的科学家认为其使用寿命可达几万个小时，换句话说，可以用几十年。而且，这种电灯产生的灯光是从一点发出的，这就意味着灯泡可以用在放映机和电视上。同时因为这个原因，这种灯泡的灯光更为定向，比散射的灯泡要更加节能。有些建筑师设计的建筑物比较特别，更换灯泡非常复杂且昂贵，而使用这种这种寿命较长的灯泡就比较理想了。这种灯泡体积较小，可以与二极管相媲美，但其发出的光要比半导体装置的光更为明亮。单一个微波发生器就可以为几个灯泡提供能量。这种新灯泡另外的一个环保优点就是不需要水银，而水银一种高毒性的液体，今天我们使用的大部分灯泡中都有这种液体，包括节能的荧光灯、荧光管和用在投影机上的高压灯。Ceravision承认新灯泡的造价也很低廉。全世界20%的电力消耗都用于照明，因此使用更为高效的系统不仅可以节约能源，而且可以减少导致温室效应的气体排放。TEXTTWOForitssupporters,theideaofgrowingsingle-celledalgaeonexhaustgaspipedfrompowerstationsistheultimateinrecycling.Foritsdetractors,itisamerepipedream.Whoeverturnsouttoberight,though,itisanintriguingidea:insteadofreleasingthecarbondioxideproducedbyburningfossilfuelsintotheatmosphere,whynotrecaptureitbyphotosynthesis

Theresultcouldthenbeturnedintobiodiesel(sincemanyspeciesofalgaestoretheirfoodreservesasoil),orevensimplydriedandfedbackintothepowerstation.Ofcourse,ifitwerereallythateasy,someonewouldhavedoneitalready.Butalthoughnoonehasyetcommercialisedthetechnology,severalgroupsaretrying.OneofthemisGSCleanTech,whichhasdevelopedabioreactorbasedonapatentheldbyagroupofscientistsattheOhioCoalResearchCentre,attheUniversityofOhio.TheGSCleanTechbioreactorusesaparabolicmirrortofunnelsunlightintofibre-opticcablesthatcarrythelighttoacrylic“glowplates”insidethereactor.Thesediffusethelightoververticalsheetsofpolyesterthatformtheplatformonwhichthealgaegrow.Eventuallythepolyesterisunabletosupporttheweightofthealgae,andtheyfalloffintoacollectionGreenFuelTechnologies,basedinCambridge,Massachusetts,hasadifferentapproach.Itsreactoriscomposedofaseriesofcleartubes,eachwithasecond,opaquetubenestedinside.Thisarrangementmakesitpossibletobubbletheexhaustgasdownthroughtheoutercompartmentandthenbubbleitbackupthroughtheopaquemiddle.ThebubblinggascausesturbulencApreliminarytestofGreenFuel'sreactordesign,whichwasperformedattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology'scampuspowerplant,suggestedthatitcanremove75%ofthecarbondioxidefromapowerstation'sexhaust.AmoreserioustestisnowbeingcarriedoutbyArizonaPublicService,thatstate'spowerutility,atitsRedhawkplant.AnothertestisplannedinLouisiana.GreenFuelclaimsthatoverthecourseofayear,ahectare(2.5acres)ofitsreactorsshouldbeabletoproduce30,000litres(8,000Americangallons)ofoil,whichcouldbeusedasbiodiesel,andenoughcarbohydratestobefermentedinto9,000litresofethanol,whichcanbeusedasasubstituteforpetrol.Thereis,ofcourse,nofreelunch.AsRobCarlsonoftheUniversityofWashington1．Theword“intriguing”(Line3,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_____[A]challenging.[B]promising.[C]complicated.[D]alluring.2.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebioreactordevelopedbyGSCleanTech

[A]Noexhaustgasisusedinthisbioreactor.[B]The“glowplates”areusedtoconductthesunlight.[C]Sunlightcomesintothefibre-opticcablesthroughholesintheparabolicmirror.[D]Photosynthesisiscarriedoutbythealgaeinthecollectionduct.3．Thecollectionductpositionedunderneathisusedto_____[A]holdtheverticalsheetsofpolyesterthatfalloff.[B]substitutetheplatformonwhichthealgaegrows.[C]obtaintheoverweightalgae.[D]taketheplaceofpolyesterafterlightisdiffusedonit.4.TheapproachdevelopedbytheGreenFuelTechnologiesisdifferentfromthatbyGSCleanTechinthat_____[A]thereisnophotosynthesisinthereactorofGreenFuelTechnologies.[B]thelightusedforphotosynthesisisproducedbythereactoritself.[C]thealgalcellsfixcarbonintheprocess.[D]theexhaustgasactsasthemotiveforce.5．ThereactorsofGreenFuelcouldproducethefollowingfuelsexcept_____[A]biodiesel.[B]ethanol.[C]alcohol.[D]fossilfuel.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了绿色燃料的生产情况。第一段讲述了人们希望可以利用光合作用来生成燃料；第二、三段讲述有两家公司都在生产绿色燃料，但是使用了技术不同；第四、五段讲述绿色燃料开发使用的地点和规模；第六段讲述将来电力公司可能会对绿色燃料实行收费。词汇注释：detractorn.恶意批评者 pipedream白日梦biodieseln.生物燃料parabolicmirrorn.抛物柱面镜acrylicadj.丙烯酸的ductn.管carbohydraten.碳水化合物 fermentv.发酵ethanoln.乙醇;酒精难句突破：(1)Theconstantshiftbetweenlightanddarknessasthealgalcellscirculateincreasestheamountofcarbonthattheyfix,probablybypromotingchemicalreactionsthatoccurnaturallyonlyatnight.[主体句式]Theconstantshiftasthealgalcellscirculateincreases…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，as引导的是时间状语从句，that引导的是定语从句修饰carbon，bypromoting…作方式状语。[句子译文]随着藻类的运动，光亮和黑暗交替出现，把碳固定住并不断增加其数量，这可能是通过促成只在晚上进行的化学反应而产生的。(2)ApreliminarytestofGreenFuel'sreactordesign,whichwasperformedattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology'scampuspowerplant,suggestedthatitcanremove75%ofthecarbondioxidefromapowerstation'sexhaust.[主体句式]Apreliminarytestsuggestedthat…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，which引导的是design的定语从句；that引导的是宾语从句。[句子译文]绿色燃料公司称该设计的最初试验是在麻省理工大学校园的发电厂里进行的，该实验证明可以将发电厂排出废气的75%清除掉。题目分析：1．Theword“intriguing”(Line3,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeans_____1．“intriguing”（第一段第三行）最有可能的意思是_____[A]challenging.[A]引起挑战兴趣的。[B]promising.[B]有希望的。[C]complicated.[C]复杂的。[D]alluring.[D]迷人的。[答案]D[难度系数]☆☆☆[分析]猜词题。根据上下文“Whoeverturnsouttoberight,though,itisanintriguingidea:insteadofreleasingthecarbondioxideproducedbyburningfossilfuelsintotheatmosphere,whynotrecaptureitbyphotosynthesis”，尽管有支持者和反对者，但是可见这个主意还是非常吸引人的，令人向往的，因此选项中D最为符合。2.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebioreactordevelopedbyGSCleanTech?2.关于GSCleanTech研发的生物反应器，下列哪个陈述是正确的？

[A]Noexhaustgasisusedinthisbioreactor.[A]生物反应器中没有使用废气。[B]The“glowplates”areusedtoconductthesunlight.[B]“白炽盘”被用于传导阳光。[C]Sunlightcomesintothefibre-opticcablesthroughholesintheparabolicmirror.[C]阳光通过抛物柱面镜的洞进入到纤维光缆中。[D]Photosynthesisiscarriedoutbythealgaeinthecollectionduct.[D]光合作用是在收容器中进行的。[答案]B[难度系数]☆☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第二段，A选项，没有废气就不能进行光合作用；B选项，白炽盘是用来漫射光的，因此也是用来传导光的；C选项，阳光是通过柱面镜的反射进入到纤维光缆中，而不是抛物柱面镜的洞；D选项，光合作用在聚酯片上进行的。因此，答案为B选项。3．Thecollectionductpositionedunderneathisusedto_____.3.在下面安装的收容器是用来_____。[A]holdtheverticalsheetsofpolyesterthatfalloff[A]接住掉下来的垂直聚酯片的[B]substitutetheplatformonwhichthealgaegrows[B]代替供藻类生长的平台[C]obtaintheoverweightalgae[C]接住那些过重的藻类[D]taketheplaceofpolyesterafterlightisdiffusedonit[D]在光被稀释后代替聚酯片。[答案]C[难度系数]☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第二段“Thesediffusethelightoververticalsheetsofpolyesterthatformtheplatformonwhichthealgaegrow.Eventuallythepolyesterisunabletosupporttheweightofthealgae,andtheyfalloffintoacollectionductpositionedunderneath”，这个收容器是用来接住那些经过光合作用后掉下来的藻类的，其中“unabletosupporttheweightofthealgae”说明藻类开始变得过重，因此C选项为正确答案。4.TheapproachdevelopedbytheGreenFuelTechnologiesisdifferentfromthatbyGSCleanTechinthat_____4.绿色燃料技术公司的方法和GS清洁技术的方法不同之处在于_____[A]thereisnophotosynthesisinthereactorofGreenFuelTechnologies.[A]在绿色燃料技术公司的反应器中没有光合作用。[B]thelightusedforphotosynthesisisproducedbythereactoritself.[B]用于光合作用的光是由反应器自己产生的。[C]thealgalcellsfixcarbonintheprocess.[C]藻类细胞将碳固定了下来。[D]theexhaustgasactsasthemotiveforce.[D]废气作为动力。[答案]D[难度系数]☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第三段，绿色燃料公司是使用了废气作为让藻类活动的动力，而与清洁技术相同的是在这个过程中也有光合作用，光也来自外部，也有碳固定下来。因此，不同之处就是D选项。5．ThereactorsofGreenFuelcouldproducethefollowingfuelsexcept_____5.绿色燃料的反应器可以制造除____外的其他燃料。[A]biodiesel.[A]生物燃料[B]ethanol.[B]乙醇[C]alcohol.[C]酒精[D]fossilfuel.[D]化石燃料[答案]D[难度系数]☆[分析]细节题。根据倒数第二段“GreenFuelclaimsthatoverthecourseofayear,ahectare(2.5acres)ofitsreactorsshouldbeabletoproduce30,000litres(8,000Americangallons)ofoil,whichcouldbeusedasbiodiesel,andenoughcarbohydratestobefermentedinto9,000litresofethanol,whichcanbeusedasasubstituteforpetrol”，反应器只可以制造酒精作为石油的替代品，不能制造石油。因此，D是正确答案。参考译文：对于支持者来说，用发电厂废气来养殖单细胞藻类是个能实现循环利用这个终极目标的办法。而那些反对者认为，这只是个白日梦而已。不管最后谁是正确的，这个主意确实很吸引人，如果燃料燃烧后产生的二氧化碳排放到空气中，那么为什么不用光合作用来将其消耗掉呢？其生成物可以转化为生物燃料（因为许多藻类都以石油的形式储存食物），或只需脱水后再送回发电厂。当然，如果真的有这么简单，早就会有人这么做了。不过，尽管还没有人将这项技术商业化，有一些公司已经开始试验了。GS清洁技术就是这样的一家公司，它利用俄亥俄大学俄亥俄州煤炭研究中心科学家们的一项专利而研制出一种生物反应器。该反应器用一个抛物柱面镜将阳光射到纤维光缆上，光缆把将阳光传到反应器里面的丙烯酸“白炽盘”上。这就将光漫射到垂直的聚酯片上，而聚酯片是藻类生长的平台。最后聚酯不能支持藻类的重量了，就会落到安在下面的管子里。绿色燃料技术公司的总部设在马萨诸塞的剑桥，该公司采用了另外一种技术。它的反应器由一系列干净的管子构成，每个官子里面都有另外一个不透明的管子。这种安置方法可以使沿着外层下来的废气起泡，然后再通过不透明的中间层向上起泡。起泡的气体引起紊乱，使得藻类在反应器内活动。随着藻类的运动，光亮和黑暗交替出现，把碳固定住并不断增加其数量，这可能是通过促成只在晚上进行的化学反应而产生的。绿色燃料公司称该设计的最初试验是在麻省理工大学校园的发电厂里进行的，该实验证明可以将发电厂排出废气的75%清除掉。亚利桑那公共服务部门目前正在红鹰工厂进行一项更为重要的试验——国家公共电力。此外路易斯安那州也在计划进行一个试验。绿色燃料公司声称在一年中，一公顷（2.5英亩）的反应堆应该可以产出三万升（八千美国加仑）的石油，可以用作生物燃料，还能产生足够的碳水化合物并通过发酵生成九千升的乙醇，作为石油的替代品。当然，世上没有免费的午餐。正如华盛顿大学的RobCarlson指出的，如果废气制造的产品可以出售盈利的话，那么废气就会从一种废品变成一种宝贵的资源。电力公司不仅不会排放出去，而且可能会收费。这样实际上是财富的逆转。TEXTTHREEItisquiteafeattobeinvisiblewhileoccupyingsubstantialbuildingsincentralLondonflankingtheRoyalAcademyofArts.Butthat'sjustwhattheLinneanSociety,theRoyalSocietyofChemistry,theGeologicalSocietyofLondon,theSocietyofAntiquariesofLondonandtheRoyalAstronomicalSocietymanagedtodofornearlyacentury.Then,in2004,HerMajesty'sGovernmentnotonlynoticedbutalsoquestionedtheirrighttoremainatBurlingtonHouse,asthecomplexiscalled.TotheLearnedSocietiesthismayhaveseemedabitterirony.In1857,thegovernmentofapreviousqueenhadbuiltBurlingtonHouseexpresslytohousethemall.Reverenceforsuchinstitutions,alongwiththevalueofrealestate,wasnotwhatithadbeeninVictoria'sday.Buttheirtermsofoccupancyremainedunchanged.WhentheymovedintoBurlingtonHouse,onlytheRoyalAcademy,runbysupposedlyimpracticalartists,askedforalease.Itwasgiven999yearsatapeppercornrent.TheSocietiesandtheirallegedlyhard-headedscientistmembers,wereleaselessandrent-free.Asdecadespassed,keepingalowprofilemusthaveseemedasensibleidea.Indeed,by1920,somefellowsoftheSocietyofAntiquariesofLondon(SAL),thoughtitessential.Whena1919ActofParliamentmadeitillegaltobarwomenfromsuchsocietiesmerelybecauseoftheirgender,acommitteeofSALfellowspressedforimmediateaction:womenmustbeinvitedtobecomefellowsatonce.Thiswasnotinordertorightpreviouswrongs.Itwastoavoidcriticismandwithittheriskthatpeoplemightnoticethatnorentwasbeingpaid.Thedangeraverted,headsstayedbelowtheButdangerreappearedin2004.WiththereputedaimofclarifyingSAL'spresenceatBurlingtonHouse,thegovernmentbroughtasuitagainstit.RumoursweptthroughintellectualLondonthat,infact,thegovernmentwantedtoturftheSocietiesout—ortogetafullmarketrent,whichwouldhaveamountedtomuchthesamething.Alarmedfeathersfromfiveaviariesofrarebirdswentflying.Now,threeyearslater,feathersaresmooth.Indeed,cooingcanbeheardoccasionallyfromBurlingtonHouse.CompromisesreachedwiththegovernmenthavegiventheLearnedSocietiessecurityoftenureataffordablerents.Inreturn,theSocietieshavebegunintroducingthemselvestooneanotherandtothepublic.Theyhavecreateda“culturalcampus”inthecourtyardtosharescholarshipandconviviality—andreflecttheirnewappreciationthatthereisstrengthinnumbers.Earlierthisyear,theLinneanSocietyannounceditwasproducingadigitalarchiveofitspricelesscollectionsofspecimens,manuscriptsandlettersoftheworldfamousSwedishnaturalist,CarlLinnaeus,onthisthe300thanniversaryofhisbirth.TheSAL,also300thisyear,iscelebratingwithanine-monthseriesoflectures.OnNovember8thatHarvard,hometomanyofSAL's100American-basedfellows,FelipeFernández-Armestotackles“DonFrancisco'snose-piece:formingnewempiresinRenaissanceAmerica”.Thebiggestbirthdayeventisanexhibitionof150ofSAL'streasuresattheRoyalAcademyfromSeptember15thtoDecember2nd.AmongthesetreasuresisanoilonoakportraitofQueenMaryIpaintedbyHansEworthin1554andaglowing12th-century1．WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthesocietiesinVictoria’day

[A]TheyenjoyedthehighestreverenceandvalueofrealestateinVictoria’sday.[B]TheyenjoyedthebestprivilegewhenBurlingtonHousewasbuiltup.[C]TheyenjoyedspecialrewardbytheQueenofreallysubstantialandgrandhouses.[D]TheyenjoyedmostprivilegesinQueenVictoria’sreign,muchmorethantoday.2.Questioningthesocieties’righttoremainatBurlingtonHouseseemsabitterironytothesocietiesbecause_____[A]theywerenotaskedtopayanyrentwhentheywerefirstawardedthehouses.[B]thepresenceprivilegewasinitiallyendowedbytheroyalmonarch.[C]theyarenotexemptfrompublicattentiongiventheirmaintenanceoflowprofile.[D]theyhavebeencautiousaboutkeepingtheirinvisibilityfornearlyacentury.3.“peppercornrent”(Line3,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans_____[A]freerent.[B]leaselessrent.[C]tokenrent.[D]rentinkind.4.TheauthormentionedthefeathersinBurlingtonHouseinorderto_____[A]showhowgreatwastheinfluenceofthegovernment.[B]makeasimiletodescribethereactionsofsocieties.[C]makeametaphortoexpresstheinternalanxietyofthesocieties.[D]addmoreelementsofdramasatiretohisdescription.5.“invisibilityisathingofthepast”means_____[A]peoplecouldseethosetreasuresofthepastinthesocieties.[B]thesocietiescouldpresentthemselvesbeforepublicnow.[C]thesocietiesneednotavoidthepublicnoticeanymore.[D]thesocietiescouldpresentthetreasuresofthepastnow.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了伦敦一些学会占据大量建筑物的情况以及目前的解决方案。第一段讲述学会是如何得到这些建筑物的；第二段讲述这些学会为了避免房产被收走，一直低调行事；第三段讲述2004年的一次法律事件将学会免费拥有皇家房产的事情曝光；第四、五、六段讲述目前解决这种事端采取的方法。词汇注释：flankv.在…的侧面 peppercornrentn.空有其名的租金parapetn.低墙turfv.驱逐 aviaryn大型鸟舍convivialityn.欢乐enameln.瓷釉难句突破：Whena1919ActofParliamentmadeitillegaltobarwomenfromsuchsocietiesmerelybecauseoftheirgender,acommitteeofSALfellowspressedforimmediateaction:womenmustbeinvitedtobecomefellowsatonce.[主体句式]Whena1919ActofParliamentmadeit…,acommitteeofSALfellows…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，when引导的是句子的时间状语。[句子译文]1919年议会法案规定如果仅仅因为性别原因而将女性排除在这些学会之外就构成违法，伦敦古文物学会的一个委员会马上就采取了行动，邀请女性加入学会。RumoursweptthroughintellectualLondonthat,infact,thegovernmentwantedtoturftheSocietiesout—ortogetafullmarketrent,whichwouldhaveamountedtomuchthesamething.[主体句式]Rumoursweptthrough…that…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，that…引导的是主语的同位语从句，which引导的是定语从句用来修饰前面的两个不定式结构。[句子译文]伦敦学术界谣言四传，说政府实际上是想要将学会驱逐出去，或者是索要市场租金，这其实都是一回事。题目分析：1．WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthesocietiesinVictoria’day?

1．关于维多利亚时代的学会，下列哪个陈述是正确的？

[A]TheyenjoyedthehighestreverenceandvalueofrealestateinVictoria’[A]它们享受着最高的尊敬和高价值的地产。[B]TheyenjoyedthebestprivilegewhenBurlingtonHousewasbuiltup.[B]伯灵顿宫建立的时候它们享有最高的特权。[C]Theyenjoyedspecialrewardbythequeenofreallysubstantialandgrandhouses[C]女王给了他们宏伟的房子以作为特殊的奖励。[D]TheyenjoyedmostprivilegeinQueenVictoria’sreign,muchmorethantoday[D]它们在维多利亚时代比之前的女王在任期间享受的特权少。[答案]C[难度系数]☆☆☆[分析]细节题。根据第一段“In1857,thegovernmentofapreviousqueenhadbuiltBurlingtonHouseexpresslytohousethemall”，可见只有C选项是正确的。A和B选项的“highestreverence”和“thebestprivilege”都不确切。而D选项也是错误的，因为文章没有进行比较。2.Questioningthesocieties’righttoremainatBurlingtonHouseseemsabitterironytothesocietiesbecause_____2．质问这些学会驻扎在伯灵顿宫的权利好像是一个讽刺，因为_____[A]theywerenotaskedtopayanyrentwhentheywerefirstawardedthehouses.[A]他们已开始得到这些房子的时候没有被要求付房租。[B]thepresenceprivilegewasinitiallyendowedbytheroyalmonarch.[B]存在的权利最开始时是皇室君主赋予的。[C]theyarenotexemptfrompublicattentiongivetheirmaintenanceoflowprofile.[C]他们保持低调，但却没有躲过民众的注意。[D]theyhavebeencautiousaboutkeepingtheirinvisibilityfornearlyacentury.[D]它们在将近一个世纪的时间里很小心地保持着自己的隐秘性。[答案]B[难度系数]☆☆☆☆[分析]推理题。根据第二段，因为最开始是维多利亚女王前任女王赋予他们进驻的权利，而现在又是另一个女王怀疑他们的权利，这看起来是个讽刺。因此，B选项为正确答案，其中“royalmonarch”指的正是女王。3.“peppercornrent”(Line3,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans_____2.“peppercornrent”(第二段第三行)最有可能的意思是_____[A]freerent.[A]免费的出租。[B]leaselessrent.[B]没有租约的出租。[C]tokenrent.[C]象征性的出租。[D]rentinkind(实物地租).[D]实物出租。[答案]C[难度系数]☆[分析]细节题。根据第三段“Itwasgiven999yearsatapeppercornrent.TheSocietiesandtheirallegedlyhard-headedscientistmembers,wereleaselessandrent-free”，说明当时的出租并不是实质性的出租，只是一种象征性的租约而已。答案中C是正确答案。4.TheauthormentionedthefeathersinBurlingtonHouseinorderto_____3.作者提到伯灵顿宫中的鸟类是为了_____[A]showhowgreatwastheinfluenceofthegovernment.[A]表现政府的力量是多么大。[B]makeasimiletodescribethereactionsofsocieties.[B]用来比喻学会的反应。[C]makeametaphortoexpresstheinternalanxietyofthesocieties.[C]用来比喻社会的内在焦虑。[D]addmore