英语英语的语气问题总结课件

SubjunctivemoodGrammar一、语气的分类英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。SubjunctivemoodGrammar一、语气的分类陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyes关于陈述语气1关于陈述语气1What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?WhatwillyoudoifitrainstI

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.Iwillstayathomeifitrain关于陈述语气2关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气4关于祈使语气4虚拟语气IfIwereyou,

Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。真实条件句:如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气Iftimepermits,we’llgofishingtogether.

如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。真实条件句:如果假虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。注意:在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.

虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V.+

ed(were)had

donewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+

ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V.if引导的虚拟条件句if引导的虚拟条件句If+主

+

did(were),

主+would/should/could/might+动词原形IfI

were

you,I

wouldtry

itagain.Ifhe

were

free,he

wouldgo

withyou.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfI

had

onemilliondollars,I

wouldbuytheplane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+did(were),主+would/shIf+主

+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（havedone）Ifhe

hadworked

hard,he

wouldhavepassed

theexamination.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。Ifhe

hadbeen

there,he

couldhaveseen

thefilmIfI

hadmarried

her,I

wouldhavebeen

unhappy.3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+haddonesth,主+would/s与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifhe

came

heretomorrow,I

wouldtell

himaboutit.Ifhe

weretocome

heretomorrow,I

wouldtellhim.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If+主

+

did(wereto/shoulddo),

主+would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifheca条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其他WereIyou,

Iwouldtryitagain.

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

hewouldhaveseenthefilm.

Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,sho1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?had

gotwerewould

helpshouldweretosnowwould

have

caught1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou__IfI____________

busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.had

not

beenwould

have

goneIfI____________busylastniIfhe

_________

more

carefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.

would

not

have

had

had

driven

Ifhe_________morecarefullyIfI___________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.had

knownwouldhavetelephonedIfI___________(know)yourte注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句):

有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

注意:IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去从句表示过去，主句表示现在从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthosedays,weshouldbegoingonwiththeworks.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhaveta如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。Ifyou

hadfollowed

myadvice,you

wouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）IfI

were

you,I

wouldhavegone

toherbirthdayparty.（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,1.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.wouldB.shouldC.shallD.if2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.wereitnotforthesun.B.ifitwasforthesun.C.haditnotbeenforthesun.D.ifitshouldn’tbeforthesun.ExercisesB

A

1.______hecome,theproblem3.______,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.HadhebeenhereB.HerehehadbeenC.BeenherehehadD.Hadhehere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeAB

3.______,everythingwouldha名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词

suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,advice

etc.引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原的形式出现。

Weallsuggestthathe

(should)finish

hishomeworkfirst.Thecaptaincommandedthatallthesailors

(should)getdownto

workatonce.suggest,order,demand,propo常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,

三个建议,

四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,ask常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,It’s

suggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)

that…后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。It’ssuggested(ordered,dema

It’sorderedthatonlyGerman

(should)betaught

atschoolsinAlsasandLorin.

It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wear

schooluniformsatschool.It’sorderedthatonlyGerman

以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以

(should)+v原.的形式出现。Mysuggestionisthatyou

(should)go

homefirstbeforecominghere.Myadviceisthatyou

(should)practise

speakingEnglishasoftenaspossible以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句MysuggesHisrequestthathe

(should)bepaid

bythehouriscompletelyreasonable.Theordercamethatthework

(should)befinished

twodaysaheadoftime他要求他按小时付费，这是合情合理的。有命令说工作要提前两天完成。Hisrequestthathe(shoul注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.IinsistthathewaswrongHissilencesuggestedthatheagreed

withmydecisionHeinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持wish引导的虚拟句wish引导的虚拟句1.wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时(were)过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might+V.(原)shouldIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfood.IwishIwouldgrowtall.1.wish的宾语从句现在:过去时(were)Iwi我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishI

were

astallasYaoMing.IwishIwereastallasYaoMiIwishI

were

abird.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.IwisheverydayweremybirthIwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.

表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensThepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Thepartywasterrible,IwishIwishit

would

raintomorrow.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”

A.had B.did C.have D.willIdidn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wentIwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee

“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceThepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegoneHowIwishI__________that!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoingThepictureexhibitionboredm虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时1.wouldratherthat现在:★Iwou2.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.2.asif/though+从句现在：过去时过★

他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★

他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★

她看起来似乎是冰做的。shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.★他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Itlooksasifyouaretired.注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用我们该去睡觉了。3.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

were

going.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.我们该去睡觉了。3.It’s(about/high)t4.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形★我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.4.It’snecessary/strange/natu★很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。

Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.★

我们有必要努力学习。It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.★很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。5.虚拟语气用于Ifonly引导的感叹句中,“要是……就好了”IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!=HowIwishIwereaflyingbird!要是我看过那部电影就好了！IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!=HowIwishIhadseenthefilm!5.虚拟语气用于Ifonly引导的感叹句中,6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfo7.otherwise和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailors

wouldhavefallen

intothesea.Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknew

howyouarebehavinghere,whatwould

theythink?7.otherwise和supposing也可以引导虚拟8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中。Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifit★要不是你的帮助,我们就不可能提前完成任务。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp…=Withoutyourhelp…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…★要不是你的帮助,我们就不可能提前完成任务。错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自的时间而定。*近几年各类考试中常见的试题类型：IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnow

insomepartsofthiscountry______soserious.A.wouldn’tbeB.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeenD.wouldhavenotbeenA

错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词*近几年各类考试中常如果你采纳了我的建议,你现在就会好得多。

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你之前努力学习了,你现在就是一名大学生,四年后就会大学毕业了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears’time.如果你采纳了我的建议,你现在就会好得多。②假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词,可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。_______sheaman,shemightbeelectedpresident.A.IfwereB.WereC.BeD.IsB②假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,____IfIhadtime,Iwouldcome.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.HadItime,Iwouldcome.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.IfIhadtime,Iwouldcome.③含蓄虚拟条件句。句中有without,or,otherwise,butfor等词隐含某种假设。Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI_______youlongbefore.A.hadvisited

B.havevisitedC.wouldhavevisitedD.shouldvisitC③含蓄虚拟条件句。句中有without,or,othe没有你的帮助,我们就不会实验成功。Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.要不是这场雨,我们就完成工作了。Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.没有你的帮助,我们就不会实验成功。④常见的几种固定句式。

如Ifonly,insist,suggest及It’stime/

necessary/importantthat从句等等。IfonlyI______

tomyparents’advice!A.listening

B.listen

C.amlistening

D.hadlistenedHissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe_______

toyourplan.A.shouldn’tagree

B.wouldn’tagree

C.hadn’tagreedD.didn’tagreeD

D④常见的几种固定句式。

如Ifonly,insist,Theoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment_________before6.

A.wasfinished

B.willfinish

C.befinished

D.shallbefinishedIt’shightimehe________

home.

A.goes

B.went

C.willgo

D.isgoingtogo

Evenifhe_______(be)here,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.A.wasB.wereC.beD.isC

B

B

TheoldprofessorgaveordersThevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrain

B.rainsC.rainedD.israined解析:真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。BThevolleyballmatchwillbepElizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit____yesterday.(NMET06)A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.hadhappened高考链接DElizarememberseverythingex2.--Don’tyouthinkitnecessarythathe____toMiamibuttoNewYork?--Iagree,buttheproblemis____hehasrefusedto.(05江苏)A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;whatB2.--Don’tyouthinkitneces3.IfI___plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.(05湖北)A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughttoB3.IfI___plantodoanythin4.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you_____sotired.(全国卷)A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;didn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegotD4.Youdidn’tletmedrive.If5.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.(全国卷)A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeD5.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratHomeworkRemembertherulesofSubjunctivemood.2.DoExercises2,3onpage5.

HomeworkRemembertherulesofSubjunctivemoodGrammar一、语气的分类英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。SubjunctivemoodGrammar一、语气的分类陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyes关于陈述语气1关于陈述语气1What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?WhatwillyoudoifitrainstI

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.Iwillstayathomeifitrain关于陈述语气2关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气4关于祈使语气4虚拟语气IfIwereyou,

Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.虚拟语气一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。真实条件句:如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气Iftimepermits,we’llgofishingtogether.

如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。真实条件句:如果假虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。注意:在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.

虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V.+

ed(were)had

donewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+

ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V.if引导的虚拟条件句if引导的虚拟条件句If+主

+

did(were),

主+would/should/could/might+动词原形IfI

were

you,I

wouldtry

itagain.Ifhe

were

free,he

wouldgo

withyou.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfI

had

onemilliondollars,I

wouldbuytheplane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+did(were),主+would/shIf+主

+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（havedone）Ifhe

hadworked

hard,he

wouldhavepassed

theexamination.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。Ifhe

hadbeen

there,he

couldhaveseen

thefilmIfI

hadmarried

her,I

wouldhavebeen

unhappy.3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主+haddonesth,主+would/s与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifhe

came

heretomorrow,I

wouldtell

himaboutit.Ifhe

weretocome

heretomorrow,I

wouldtellhim.1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If+主

+

did(wereto/shoulddo),

主+would/should/could/might+动词原形与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)Ifheca条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had

+主+其他WereIyou,

Iwouldtryitagain.

Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

hewouldhaveseenthefilm.

Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

wewouldn’tgoout.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有were,had,sho1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?had

gotwerewould

helpshouldweretosnowwould

have

caught1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou__IfI____________

busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.had

not

beenwould

have

goneIfI____________busylastniIfhe

_________

more

carefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.

would

not

have

had

had

driven

Ifhe_________morecarefullyIfI___________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.had

knownwouldhavetelephonedIfI___________(know)yourte注意:主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句):

有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

注意:IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去从句表示过去，主句表示现在从句表过去进行，主句表现在进行Ifyouhadlistenedtome,youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthosedays,weshouldbegoingonwiththeworks.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhaveta如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。Ifyou

hadfollowed

myadvice,you

wouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）IfI

were

you,I

wouldhavegone

toherbirthdayparty.（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,1.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.wouldB.shouldC.shallD.if2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.wereitnotforthesun.B.ifitwasforthesun.C.haditnotbeenforthesun.D.ifitshouldn’tbeforthesun.ExercisesB

A

1.______hecome,theproblem3.______,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.HadhebeenhereB.HerehehadbeenC.BeenherehehadD.Hadhehere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeAB

3.______,everythingwouldha名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词

suggest,order,demand,propose,command,request,desire,insist,require,advice

etc.引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should)+v原的形式出现。

Weallsuggestthathe

(should)finish

hishomeworkfirst.Thecaptaincommandedthatallthesailors

(should)getdownto

workatonce.suggest,order,demand,propo常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,

三个建议,

四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,ask常见动词:一个坚持,两个命令,It’s

suggested(ordered,demanded,proposed,commanded,requested,desired,insisted,required)

that…后面的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气，也以(should)+v原.的形式出现。It’ssuggested(ordered,dema

It’sorderedthatonlyGerman

(should)betaught

atschoolsinAlsasandLorin.

It’srequestedthatallthestudents(should)wear

schooluniformsatschool.It’sorderedthatonlyGerman

以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以

(should)+v原.的形式出现。Mysuggestionisthatyou

(should)go

homefirstbeforecominghere.Myadviceisthatyou

(should)practise

speakingEnglishasoftenaspossible以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句MysuggesHisrequestthathe

(should)bepaid

bythehouriscompletelyreasonable.Theordercamethatthework

(should)befinished

twodaysaheadoftime他要求他按小时付费，这是合情合理的。有命令说工作要提前两天完成。Hisrequestthathe(shoul注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！HisaccentsuggestshecomesfromHunan.IinsistthathewaswrongHissilencesuggestedthatheagreed

withmydecisionHeinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.注意:当suggest表示“暗示”;insist表示“坚持wish引导的虚拟句wish引导的虚拟句1.wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时(were)过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might+V.(原)shouldIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfood.IwishIwouldgrowtall.1.wish的宾语从句现在:过去时(were)Iwi我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishI

were

astallasYaoMing.IwishIwereastallasYaoMiIwishI

were

abird.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.IwisheverydayweremybirthIwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.

表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensThepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Thepartywasterrible,IwishIwishit

would

raintomorrow.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”

A.had B.did C.have D.willIdidn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_____there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wentIwishI_________youyesterday.A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee

“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceThepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI___________toit.A.hadn’tgoneB.haven’tgoneC.didn’tgoD.couldnothavegoneHowIwishI__________that!Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.A.didn’tgoB.hadn’tdoneC.wouldn’tdoD.wasn’tdoingThepictureexhibitionboredm虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时1.wouldratherthat现在:★Iwou2.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.2.asif/though+从句现在：过去时过★

他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★

他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★

她看起来似乎是冰做的。shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.★他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Itlooksasifyouaretired.注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用我们该去睡觉了。3.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

were

going.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.我们该去睡觉了。3.It’s(about/high)t4.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟,即(should)+动词原形★我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.4.It’snecessary/strange/natu★很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。

Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.★

我们有必要努力学习。It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.★很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。5.虚拟语气用于Ifonly引导的感叹句中,“要是……就好了”IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!=HowIwishIwereaflyingbird!要是我看过那部电影就好了！IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!=HowIwishIhadseenthefilm!5.虚拟语气用于Ifonly引导的感叹句中,6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfo7.otherwise和supposing也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：Thestormstopped,otherwisethesailors

wouldhavefallen

intothesea.Suppose(supposing)yourfriendsknew

howyouarebehavinghere,whatwould

theythink?7.otherwise和supposing也可以引导虚拟8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中。Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifit★要不是你的帮助,我们就不可能提前完成任务。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp…=Withoutyourhelp…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…★要不是你的帮助,我们就不可能提前完成任务。错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自的时间而定。*近几年各类考试中常见的试题类型：IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnow

insomepartsofthiscountry______soserious.A.wouldn’tbeB.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeenD.wouldhavenotbeenA

错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词*近几年各类考试中常如果你采纳了我的建议,你现在就会好得多。

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你之前努力学习了,你现在就是一名大学生,四年后就会大学毕业了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears’time.如果你采纳了我的建议,你现在就会好得多。②假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词,可以把if省略,并将这三个词提至句首。_______sheaman,shemightbeelectedpresident.A.IfwereB.WereC.BeD.IsB②假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,____IfIhadtime,Iwouldcome.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewo