高中英语27个抽象名词具体化-陈天河

个抽象名词具体化--陈天河

陈天河

2016.07.15在特殊情况下，有些抽象名词可以进行具体化。这时，不可数的抽象名词可以用来表示可数的人或事物，即名词的数和词义发生了变化。下面就高中课本中出现的一些抽象名词具体化的名词做一整理。1.

achievement

[U］达到，完成，成就[

C］成就，成绩，功绩Even

a

small

success

gives

you

asenseof

achievement

牛津高阶英汉双解词典

第七版

P15

即使是小小的成功也给人一种成就感

Women

of

achievement伟大的女人，成功的女人，有伟大成就的女人

David

Brooks,

author

of

TheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesof

Love,

Character，andAchievement, appears

to

be

the

latest

a

long

line

of

writers

who

have

failed

to

resist

thetemptation.

(2015

湖北高考英语

E

篇Then,

handle

the

most

important

tasks

firstso

you’ll

feel

a

real

senseof 62 (achieve).

(2016

全国卷

II)解析：achievement

在介词

of

式，而且此处应为抽象名词，用单数形式。Research

findings

seem

to

indicate

that

thecreation

by

a

great

artist

as

permanent

anachievement

as

the

discovery

by

a

greatscientist.（2015

高考英语

重庆

E

篇）……

一种成就

65.The

passage

mainly

about

early

Chicago's________．（2015

高考英语

湖南

B

篇）A.

popular

lifestyles

and

their

influences

environmental

disasters

and

their

causesC.

engineering

problems

and

their

solutionsD.

successful

businessmen

andtheir

achievements其中，D

项

2.

attraction

[

U］吸引吸引力

[C]有吸引力的人或事物The

idea

of

traveling

to

the

moon

has

littleattraction

for

me.到月球上旅行的想法对我没有什么吸引力

The

city's

bright

lights,

theatres,

and

moviesare

great

attractions.城里明亮的灯戏院电影等有巨大的吸引力One

of

the

main

attractions

of

the

job

thehigh

salary.这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高3.

beauty

[

U］美美丽

[C]美丽的人或事物She

was

a

famous

beauty

her

youth.她年轻时是个有名的美人That

new

car

an

absolute

beauty.那辆新车漂亮极了4.

comfort

[

U］安慰慰藉宽恕

[C]令人感到安慰的人或事物

The

news

brought

comfort

to

of

这消息给我们大家带来了安慰His

husband

was

a

great

comfort

to

her

whenshe

was

她生病时她丈夫对她是个极大的安慰5.

danger

[

U］危险风险

[C]危险的人危险因素Children's

lives

are

danger

every

time

theycross

this

road.孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险

out

of

danger脱离危险Police

said

the

man

was

a

danger

to

the

public.警方说这个男子对公众是个危险分子6.

death

[

U］死死亡

[C]死亡的人

pollution

alone

causes

about

three

milliondeaths

every

year.仅空气污染就造成了每年近三百万人死亡

If

the

hurricane

had

happened

during

thedaytime,

there

would

have

been

many

moredeaths.若飓风发生在白天那么死亡的人会多的多7.

delight

[

U］高兴愉快快乐

[C]令人高兴的事乐事乐趣To

our

great

delight,

the

day

turned

out

fine.我们感到高兴的是天气转晴了

The

guitar

a

delight

to

play.弹吉他是件很惬意的事Her

singing

a

delight.她的歌声使人快乐8.

difficulty

[U艰难难度困难性

[C]难做难懂难应付的事难事难点难题She

got

the

door

open

with

difficulty.她艰难地把门打开了I

had

the

great

difficulty

persuading

her.我为了说服她费了好大的劲儿He

wants

to

marry

her,

but

parents

aremaking

difficulties.

他想娶她但他父母从中阻挠She

met

with

many

difficulties

whentraveling.

她在旅行时遇到了许多伤脑筋的事

9.

experience

[U］经验

[C]经历体验Do

you

have

any

previous

experience

of

thiskind

of

work?你以前做过这种工作吗?Valuable

experience

宝贵的经验He

hand

many

interesting

experiences

whiletraveling

Africa.10.

failure

[

U］失败

[C]失败的人或事物The

success

or

failure

of

the

plan

depends

onyou.

这项计划的成败取决于你Failure

one

examination

should

not

stopyou

trying

again.一次考试不及格不应该防碍你再试一次

The

whole

thing

was

a

complete

failure. 整个事情彻底失败了She

was

a

failure

as

a

teacher. 她当教师并不成功11.

help

[

U］帮助

[C]有帮助的人或事物A

tape-recorder

or

a

mp3

a

great

help

for

youto

learn

录音机或

mp3

对你学英语帮助很大

I

am

a

good

help

to

my

mother

at

home.我在家里是妈妈的好帮手12.

honour

[

U］荣幸荣誉

[C]给某人/某事增光的人或事物We

fought

for

the

honour

of

our

country.我们为祖国的荣誉而战It

a

great

honour

for

me

to

be

present

at

theconference.参加这次大会我感到很荣幸13.

joy

[

U］高兴愉快喜悦

[C]令人高兴的人或事乐事乐趣jump

with

joy

高兴得跳起来The

game

was

a

joy

to

watch.看这场比赛真是开心He

a

great

joy

to

listen

to.他这个人听他讲话就是极大的乐趣

14.

kindness

[

U和蔼仁慈好意

[C]友好或仁慈体贴的举动好心的行为She

always

shows

kindness

to

children

andanimals.她对孩子和动物总是很温柔He

did

it

entirely

out

of

kindness,

not

formoney.他做那件事纯粹出于好意并非为钱It

would

be

a

great

kindness

to

see

him

while

he

so

他病得很厉害去探望他就是对他的极大关怀15.

pity

[

U］怜悯同情

[C]可惜的事遗憾的事feel

pity

for

对 同情out

of

pity

出于同情It's

a

pity

the

weather

not

good

for

our

outing

today.我们今天出去游玩天气不好真遗憾It's

a

pity

that

you

can't

go

to

the

theatre

withus

tonight.

你今晚不能和我们一起去看戏真可惜16.

pleasure

[

U］高兴快乐愉快

[C]乐事趣事take

pleasure

以 为乐with

pleasure

愉快地高兴地It

my

pleasure.

我乐意做的事情跟你一起工作是一件令人高兴的事情It

a

pleasure

to

work

with

you.It

has

been

a

pleasure

meeting

you.认识你是十分高兴的事She

has

few

pleasures

left

life.她的生活中已没有什么乐趣了

17.

satisfaction

[

U］满足满意

[C]令人满足或带来乐趣的事情with

satisfaction

满意地Playing

the

piano

was

one

of

greatestsatisfactions.弹钢琴是他的最大乐趣之一It

a

great

satisfaction

to

know

that

he

hasarrived

home

safely.知道他已经平安到家我感到十分高兴18.

shame

[

U］羞耻羞愧惭愧

[C]遗憾的事可耻的人或事物He

felt

no

shame

for

what

he

had

done.他对自己所做的事情不感到羞愧It

a

shame

to

deceive

the

old

man.欺骗这位老人

真是太可耻了What

a

shame

that

it

rained

so

much

during

thevocation.假期里下那么多雨真是太遗憾了19.

success

[

U］成功成名

[C]成功的人或事物He's

proud

of

daughter's

successes.他为女儿的种种成就感到自豪Of

experiments,

three

were

successes

andone

was

a

failure.在他的实验中有三个成功一个失败20.

surprise

[

U］惊奇；[C]令人惊奇的事或消息意想不到或突然的事

surprise

吃惊地

Her

letter

came

as

a

complete

surprise.万万没想到会收到她的信21.

trouble

[

U］困难苦恼痛苦

[C]麻烦事困难事负担She's

had

so

many

troubles

that

she

looks

fifty,although

she's

only

thirty.使她苦恼的事情太多虽然她只有三十岁看上去却像五十岁了She

has

always

been

a

great

trouble

to

herfather

and

mother.她一直是她父母的一块心病22.

wonder

[

U］惊奇惊讶惊异惊叹惊愕

[C]令人感到惊奇的事情奇迹奇观in/with

wonder

惊奇地no

wonder

毫不奇怪

The

Great

Wall

one

of

the

wonders

of

theworld.长城是世界奇迹之一23.

worry

[

U］担心担忧忧愁

[C]烦恼事令人担忧的人Her

face

showed

signs

of

worry.

她脸上显出担忧的神情My

father

has

a

lot

of

worries.我父亲有许多烦恼Forget

your

worries

and

enjoy

yourself!忘记那些愁事尽情享乐吧24.

sight

[U]视力，视觉[C]情景，景象Out

of

sight,

out

of

mind.眼不见，心不想；去者日以疏；离久情疏。

I

cannot

endure

the

sight.

我不能容忍这种情景。It

was

a

touching

sight.

这是一幅动人景象。It

was

a

magnificent

sight.

一路景色真美。25.

knowledge

[U]知识[C]（一门）学问Knowledge

begin

with

practice.认识从实践开始。Knowledge

no

burden.

艺不压身。Knowledge

power.--

Bacon

知识就是力量。－－培根I

want

an

assistant

with

a

knowledge

of

Englishand

experience

of

office

routine.我需要一名懂英语和具有例行公事经验的助手。He

has

only

a

theoretical

knowledge

of

thelanguage.

他只有这种语言的理论知识。

26.

room

[U]空间[C]房间There's

no

room

for

this

piano.房间里没地方放这架钢琴了。St