材料科学与工程专业英语06-unit-08分析解析课件

材料科学与工程专业英语

SpecialEnglishforMaterialsScienceandEngineeringUnit8Superalloy材料科学与工程专业英语

SpecialEnglishfoUint8Superalloy

Uint8Superalloy

coatingofsuperalloys

Productsfromsuperalloys,whicharesubjectedtohighworkingtemperaturesandcorrosiveatmosphere(likefirststagesofturbinebladesofthejetengines)arecoatedwithvariouskindsofcoatings.Mainly,twokindsofcoatingprocessesareapplied:packcementationprocessandgasphasecoating.BothofthemareCVDcoatings.Inmostcases,afterthecoatingprocess,near-surfaceregionsofpartsareenrichedwithaluminum,thematrixofthecoatingisnickelaluminide.coatingofsuperalloys

Besubjectedto受到…；经受…Corrosive英[kə'rəʊsɪv]美[kə'rosɪv]adj.腐蚀的；侵蚀性的n.腐蚀物firststage第一阶段的；第一级的；第一期的turbine英['tɜːbaɪn;-ɪn]美['tɝbaɪn]n.[动力]涡轮；[动力]涡轮机jetengine[航]喷射发动机（等于jet，jetmotor）becoatedwith用…包上；表面覆盖有…；表面镀…coatingprocess涂层工艺，涂层方法apply实施，应用CVDcoating化学气相镀膜near-surface近地表regionsn.地区；地域；领域（region的复数）beenrichedwith丰富了matrix英

['meɪtrɪks]美

['metrɪks]n.[数]矩阵；模型nickel英['nɪk(ə)l]美['nɪkl]n.镍

aluminide[ə'lju:minaid]n.铝化合物nickelaluminide铝化镍Besubjectedto受到…；经受…翻译：超耐热合金涂料超耐高温合金的产品经受得住高的工作温度和腐蚀性环境（像喷气式发动机的涡轮机叶片的第一阶段），其表面覆盖着各种各样的涂料。大体上，有两种涂层工艺得到了应用：包埋工艺和气相涂层。这两者都属于化学气相镀膜。在大多数情况下，涂层工艺结束之后，靠近铝表面区域的部分被丰富了，最终得到的涂层模型是铝化镍。翻译：PackcementationprocessThepackcementationprocessiscarriedoutatlowertemperatures(about750℃(Celsiusdegree)).Thepartsareloadedintoboxes,whichcontainamixtureofpowders:activecoatingmaterial,containingaluminum,activator(chlorineorfluoride)andthermalballast,likealuminumoxide.Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).Aftertheendoftheprocesstheso-called“greencoating”isproduced,whichistoothinandbrittlefordirectuse.Asubsequentdiffusionheattreatment(severalhoursattemperaturesabout1080℃)leadstothefurtherinwarddiffusionandformationofthedesiredcoating.Packcementationprocesscementation英[,siːmen'teɪʃ(ə)n]美[,simɛn'teʃən]n.黏固(作用)becarriedout进行;被执行;实现beloadedinto装进;被加载到powdersn.粉末；散剂（powder的复数）coatingmaterial[涂料]涂料；涂层材料；饰面材料；覆盖材料aluminum英[ə'ljuːmɪnəm]美[ə'lʊmɪnəm]n.铝activator英['æktɪveɪtə]美['æktə,vetɚ]n.催化剂；[助剂]活化剂；[助剂]激活剂；触媒剂chlorine英['klɔːriːn]美['klɔrin]n.[化学]氯（17号化学元素）fluoride英['flʊəraɪd;flɔː-]美['flɔraɪd]n.氟化物cementation英[,siːmen'teɪʃ(ə)thermal英['θɜːm(ə)l]美['θɝml]adj.热的，热量的n.上升暖气流ballast英['bæləst]美['bæləst]n.压舱物，沙囊aluminumoxide氧化铝；铝氧土（等于alumina英[ə'luːmɪnə]美[ə'lumɪnə]）gaseous英['gæsɪəs;'geɪsɪəs]美['ɡæsɪəs]adj.气态的，气体的diffuse[di'fju:s]adj.弥漫的；散开的vt.扩散；传播；漫射vi.传播；四散inward英['ɪnwəd]美['ɪnwɚd]adj.向内的；内部的；精神的；本质上的；熟悉的adv.向内；内心里n.内部；内脏；密友so-called英[,səʊ'kɔ:ld]美[,so'kɔld]adj.所谓的；号称的coating['kəutiŋ]n.涂层；包衣；衣料v.给…穿上外衣；盖上（coat的ing形式）brittle英['brɪt(ə)l]美['brɪtl]adj.易碎的，脆弱的；易生气的subsequent英['sʌbsɪkw(ə)nt]美['sʌbsɪkwənt]adj.后来的，随后的formation英[fɔː'meɪʃ(ə)n]美[fɔr'meʃən]n.形成；构造；编队thermal英['θɜːm(ə)l]美['θɝml]翻译:包埋过程包埋过程是在较低温度下(约750℃)进行的.相关的组分被装进装有混合粉末(一种活性涂层材料,含有铝,催化剂(氯或者氟化物),和热压载,如氧化铝)的箱子里.高温下气态的氯化铝或氟化铝可以从超耐热合金内部转移到表面.反应过程结束之后,即得到所谓的“绿色涂料”,但这种涂料因其非常薄而且易碎,所以不可以直接使用.“绿色涂料”经过随后的扩散热处理（在1080温度℃热处理几个小时）后导致其内部发生进一步的扩散，最终形成理想的涂层。翻译:introductionChemicaldevelopmentProcessdevelopmentApplicationsMetallurgyofsuperalloysCoatingofsuperalloysPackcementationprocessGasphasecoatingSuperalloysinthefutureintroductionChemicaldevelopmeNewwordsSuperalloy超耐热合金Austenitic奥氏体的Gasturbine燃气涡轮Indicator指示器Crucial至关紧要的Fatigue疲乏的Precipitate沉淀物Encapsulate装入胶囊Yieldstress屈服应力Carbide碳化物NewwordsNewwordsAluminium铝Chromium铬Titanium钛Cobalt钴Molybdenum钼Tungsten钨Tantalum钽Zirconium锆Niobium铌Rhenium铼Hafnium铬Ruthenium钌Metalloid非金属Contamination污染Rupturestrength断裂强度Sublattice子格NewwordsAluminium铝NewwordsCoating涂料Tray托盘Activator催化剂Cementation黏固（作用）Fluoride氟化物Diffusion扩散Ballast压舱物Radiolysis射解（作用）NewwordsCoating涂料Theavailabilityofsuperalloysduringpastdecadeshasledtosteadyincreaseintheturbineentrytemperaturesandtrendisexpectedtocontinue.Ledto:导致在过去的几十年里，超耐热合金已用于制造涡轮，这使涡轮的进口温度不断提高，而且这种发展趋势仍在继续。TheavailabilityofsuperalloyDiscussionWhataresuperalloys?Forexamples.Wherehavesuperalloysbeenused?Givesomeapplications.Discussthefutureofsuperalloys.DiscussionWhataresuperalloys练习题2.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

High-performancealloy高性能合金

Mechanicalstrength力学强度Singlecrystalalloys单晶合金Oxidationandcorrosionresistance抗氧化和耐腐蚀性能Precipitationstrengthening沉淀强化Crystallinelattice

晶格练习题2.TranslatethefollowingSuperalloydevelopmenthasreliedheavilyonbothchemicalandprocessinnovationsandhasbeendrivenprimarilybytheaerospaceandpowerindustries.高温合金的发展很大程度上依赖于化学和工艺创新,并且主要由航空航天和电力行业推动。

Creepresistanceisdependentonslowingthespeedofdislocationswithinthecrystalstructure.蠕变强度取决于晶体结构内部位错形成速度的放缓。SuperalloydevelopmenthasrelThehistoricaldevelopmentinsuperalloyprocessinghavebroughtaboutconsiderableincreasesinsuperalloyoperatingtemperatures.随着高温合金加工技术的发展使得高温合金的操作温度获得了相当的提升。

Single-crystalsuperalloys(SCsuperalloys)areformedasasinglecrystalusingamodifiedversionofthedirectionalsolidificationtechnique,sotherearenograinboundariesinthematerial.单晶高温合金（SC高温合金）是利用改进后的定向凝固技术合成的单晶，因此材料中不存在晶界。Thehistoricaldevelopmentin练习题3.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

面心立方晶体结构face-centeredcubiccrystalstructure涡轮入口温度turbineinlettemperature金属材料metallic

material相稳定性phasestability核反应堆nuclear

reactor纳米粒子的合成

nanoparticlesynthetic练习题3.Translatethefollowing典型的超耐热合金具有奥氏体的面心立方晶体结构。Superalloystypicallyhaveanausteniticface-centeredcubiccrystalstructure.

根据超耐热合金的性质，超耐热合金的产品可以在高温和腐蚀性环境中得到应用。Accordingtothenatureofsuperalloys,theyareusedwherethereisneedforhightemperaturestrengthandcorrosion/oxidationresistance.典型的超耐热合金具有奥氏体的面心立方晶体结构。超耐热合金主要用于航空工业、潜水、核反应堆、军用发动机等方面。Themainapplicationsofsuperalloysarethefollowing:spacevehicles;submarines;nuclearreactors;militaryelectricmotorsandsoon.

高温下气态的氯化铝或氟化铝可以从超耐热合金内部转移到表面。Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).超耐热合金主要用于航空工业、潜水、核反应堆、军用发动机等方面材料科学与工程专业英语

SpecialEnglishforMaterialsScienceandEngineeringUnit8Superalloy材料科学与工程专业英语

SpecialEnglishfoUint8Superalloy

Uint8Superalloy

coatingofsuperalloys

Productsfromsuperalloys,whicharesubjectedtohighworkingtemperaturesandcorrosiveatmosphere(likefirststagesofturbinebladesofthejetengines)arecoatedwithvariouskindsofcoatings.Mainly,twokindsofcoatingprocessesareapplied:packcementationprocessandgasphasecoating.BothofthemareCVDcoatings.Inmostcases,afterthecoatingprocess,near-surfaceregionsofpartsareenrichedwithaluminum,thematrixofthecoatingisnickelaluminide.coatingofsuperalloys

Besubjectedto受到…；经受…Corrosive英[kə'rəʊsɪv]美[kə'rosɪv]adj.腐蚀的；侵蚀性的n.腐蚀物firststage第一阶段的；第一级的；第一期的turbine英['tɜːbaɪn;-ɪn]美['tɝbaɪn]n.[动力]涡轮；[动力]涡轮机jetengine[航]喷射发动机（等于jet，jetmotor）becoatedwith用…包上；表面覆盖有…；表面镀…coatingprocess涂层工艺，涂层方法apply实施，应用CVDcoating化学气相镀膜near-surface近地表regionsn.地区；地域；领域（region的复数）beenrichedwith丰富了matrix英

['meɪtrɪks]美

['metrɪks]n.[数]矩阵；模型nickel英['nɪk(ə)l]美['nɪkl]n.镍

aluminide[ə'lju:minaid]n.铝化合物nickelaluminide铝化镍Besubjectedto受到…；经受…翻译：超耐热合金涂料超耐高温合金的产品经受得住高的工作温度和腐蚀性环境（像喷气式发动机的涡轮机叶片的第一阶段），其表面覆盖着各种各样的涂料。大体上，有两种涂层工艺得到了应用：包埋工艺和气相涂层。这两者都属于化学气相镀膜。在大多数情况下，涂层工艺结束之后，靠近铝表面区域的部分被丰富了，最终得到的涂层模型是铝化镍。翻译：PackcementationprocessThepackcementationprocessiscarriedoutatlowertemperatures(about750℃(Celsiusdegree)).Thepartsareloadedintoboxes,whichcontainamixtureofpowders:activecoatingmaterial,containingaluminum,activator(chlorineorfluoride)andthermalballast,likealuminumoxide.Athightemperaturesthegaseousaluminumchlorine(orfluoride)istransferredtothesurfaceofpartanddiffusesinside(mostly,inwarddiffusion).Aftertheendoftheprocesstheso-called“greencoating”isproduced,whichistoothinandbrittlefordirectuse.Asubsequentdiffusionheattreatment(severalhoursattemperaturesabout1080℃)leadstothefurtherinwarddiffusionandformationofthedesiredcoating.Packcementationprocesscementation英[,siːmen'teɪʃ(ə)n]美[,simɛn'teʃən]n.黏固(作用)becarriedout进行;被执行;实现beloadedinto装进;被加载到powdersn.粉末；散剂（powder的复数）coatingmaterial[涂料]涂料；涂层材料；饰面材料；覆盖材料aluminum英[ə'ljuːmɪnəm]美[ə'lʊmɪnəm]n.铝activator英['æktɪveɪtə]美['æktə,vetɚ]n.催化剂；[助剂]活化剂；[助剂]激活剂；触媒剂chlorine英['klɔːriːn]美['klɔrin]n.[化学]氯（17号化学元素）fluoride英['flʊəraɪd;flɔː-]美['flɔraɪd]n.氟化物cementation英[,siːmen'teɪʃ(ə)thermal英['θɜːm(ə)l]美['θɝml]adj.热的，热量的n.上升暖气流ballast英['bæləst]美['bæləst]n.压舱物，沙囊aluminumoxide氧化铝；铝氧土（等于alumina英[ə'luːmɪnə]美[ə'lumɪnə]）gaseous英['gæsɪəs;'geɪsɪəs]美['ɡæsɪəs]adj.气态的，气体的diffuse[di'fju:s]adj.弥漫的；散开的vt.扩散；传播；漫射vi.传播；四散inward英['ɪnwəd]美['ɪnwɚd]adj.向内的；内部的；精神的；本质上的；熟悉的adv.向内；内心里n.内部；内脏；密友so-called英[,səʊ'kɔ:ld]美[,so'kɔld]adj.所谓的；号称的coating['kəutiŋ]n.涂层；包衣；衣料v.给…穿上外衣；盖上（coat的ing形式）brittle英['brɪt(ə)l]美['brɪtl]adj.易碎的，脆弱的；易生气的subsequent英['sʌbsɪkw(ə)nt]美['sʌbsɪkwənt]adj.后来的，随后的formation英[fɔː'meɪʃ(ə)n]美[fɔr'meʃən]n.形成；构造；编队thermal英['θɜːm(ə)l]美['θɝml]翻译:包埋过程包埋过程是在较低温度下(约750℃)进行的.相关的组分被装进装有混合粉末(一种活性涂层材料,含有铝,催化剂(氯或者氟化物),和热压载,如氧化铝)的箱子里.高温下气态的氯化铝或氟化铝可以从超耐热合金内部转移到表面.反应过程结束之后,即得到所谓的“绿色涂料”,但这种涂料因其非常薄而且易碎,所以不可以直接使用.“绿色涂料”经过随后的扩散热处理（在1080温度℃热处理几个小时）后导致其内部发生进一步的扩散，最终形成理想的涂层。翻译:introductionChemicaldevelopmentProcessdevelopmentApplicationsMetallurgyofsuperalloysCoatingofsuperalloysPackcementationprocessGasphasecoatingSuperalloysinthefutureintroductionChemicaldevelopmeNewwordsSuperalloy超耐热合金Austenitic奥氏体的Gasturbine燃气涡轮Indicator指示器Crucial至关紧要的Fatigue疲乏的Precipitate沉淀物Encapsulate装入胶囊Yieldstress屈服应力Carbide碳化物NewwordsNewwordsAluminium铝Chromium铬Titanium钛Cobalt钴Molybdenum钼Tungsten钨Tantalum钽Zirconium锆Niobium铌Rhenium铼Hafnium铬Ruthenium钌Metalloid非金属Contamination污染Rupturestrength断裂强度Sublattice子格NewwordsAluminium铝NewwordsCoating涂料Tray托盘Activator催化剂Cementation黏固（作用）Fluoride氟化物Diffusion扩散Ballast压舱物Radiolysis射解（作用）NewwordsCoating涂料Theavailabilityofsuperalloysduringpastdecadeshasledtosteadyincreaseintheturbineentrytemperaturesandtrendisexpectedtocontinue.Ledto:导致在过去的几十年里，超耐热合金已用于制造涡轮，这使涡轮的进口温度不断提高，而且这种发展趋势仍在继续。TheavailabilityofsuperalloyDiscussionWhataresuperalloys?Forexamples.Wherehavesuperalloysbeenused?Givesomeapplications.Discussthefutureofsuperalloys.DiscussionWhataresuperalloys练习题2.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

High-performancealloy高性能合金

Mechanicalstrength力学强度Singlecrystalalloys单晶合金Oxidationandcorrosionresistance抗氧化和耐腐蚀性能Precipitationstrengthening沉淀强化Crystallinelattice

晶格练习题2.TranslatethefollowingSuperalloydevelopmenthasreliedheavilyonbothchemicalandprocessinnovationsandhasbeendrivenprimarilybytheaerospaceandpowerindustries.高温合金的发展很大程度上依赖于化学和工艺创新,并且主要由航空航天和电力行业推动。

Creepresistanceisdependentonslowingthespeedofdislocationswithinthecrystalstructure.蠕变强度取决于晶体结构内部位错形成速度的放缓。SuperalloydevelopmenthasrelThehistoricald