商务英语阅读下册unit-7-77课件

UnitSeven

UnitSeven1了解JIT的含义了解JIT的精髓所在理解JIT对现在企业的意义TeachingObjectives了解JIT的含义TeachingObjectives2JITLeanproductionLeadtimeRealtimecommunicationTeachingEmphases

JITTeachingEmphases3TextFastReadingIFastReadingIIContentTextContent4Pre-readingquestions1.DoyouknowwhatJITstandsfor?2.WheredidJIToriginatefrom?TEXTGeneralIntroductiontoLogistics

UPPREV.NEXTPre-readingquestionsTEXTGen5商务英语阅读下册unit-7_77课件6商务英语阅读下册unit-7_77课件7

TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude: *Inventoryreduction.

*Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.

*Qualitycontrol.

*Complexityreductionandtransparency.

*Wasteminimization. ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-timemanufacturingtooutsidethecompanies.Bydemandingfromthesupplierstodeliverinventorytothefactoryonlywhenit'sneeded,makingJITmanufacturing,orderinganddeliveryprocessesevenspeedier,moreflexibleandmoreefficient.Inthisway,integratedlogisticsandsupplychainsarebeingformed.Typicalattentionar8

TwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophyaretheeliminationofwasteandimprovementofallcommercialactivitiesfromrawmaterialstofinishedproductdelivery.Forbothproductsandprocesses,JITfocusesonzeroinventory,nodefects,reducedleadtime,andshortdeliverytime.Theyalsofocusonsmallerlotsizes,employeedecisionmaking,supplierinvolvement,andcontinuoustraining.LogisticsmanagementplaysanequalandimportantroleinJITactivities. TheperformanceoflogisticsinJIToperationsiscriticalinanycontext,particularlyinanenvironmentwherebothproductionandsuppliersarespreadacrosstheglobe.ThispointissupportedbythefactthatthesuccessofmostJIToperationshasdependeduponclosegeographicdistancebetweensupplierandmanufacturer.Inotherwords,whensuppliersareclosebyoraround,lead-timeisshorterandtransportationeasiertomanage.Conversely,whenoperationsareacrosswidegeographies,managementofleadtimesandthesupportinglogisticsisachallengetoJIToperations. Twobasicprinciplesof9

Lead-timemanagementinaJIToperationisonlyoneaspectthroughthesupplychain.ForJITtobesuccessful,fundamentalchangesmustoccurinareasthatincludepurchasing,manufacturing,distributinganddelivering.Allmustbesupportedbyeffectivelogisticsperformance. OnegoodJIToperationissmallersize.Althoughabenefitmaybeachievedintheareaofinventory,agreaterexpensemaybeincurredinotherareas.Forexample,smallerlotsizesmeanmorefrequentpurchaseorders,whichwillcreateoverloadinthepurchasinggroup.JITprinciplessolvethisissueofworkloadbyhavinganagreedschedulewithvarioussuppliers.Needlesstosay,greatpotentialexistsforenhancingtheperformancewithlogisticstechniques. Lead-timemanagementina10

Inordertooperateaschedule-basedprogramwithsuppliers,logisticsmustbeinapositiontocoordinatedirectlywiththosesuppliers.InmostcasesthisisdonethroughaThirdPartyLogistics(3PL).Withthistypeofoperation,the3PLhastofollow-upschedules,coordinatewithanumberofsuppliers,andcommunicatewithallthepartiesinvolved.Clearly,coordinationofmultiplesuppliersinthiscontextisveryimportant,particularlyasitrelatestoreal-timecommunication,feedback,supplierperformance,shipmentprioritization,andordersmanagement. AnothergoalofJITistheeliminationofinspections.Thisisreasonabletoachieveinadomesticenvironment,butitisdifficultwithinternationaloperations.Issuesregardingproductquality,piececount,weight,anddocumentationmustbeaddressedbeforegoodsleavesuppliers’factories.Itusuallyassignslogisticsand3PLstoverifytheabovepointsbeforegoodsaredelivered.Althoughinspectionpriortoexportwillnoteliminateproductdefects,logisticswillcontributetominimizingthenumberofdefects.

11 Oncemerchandiseentersthelogisticschain,returningprocessisverydifficultandexpensivetohandle.JIToperationscannotaffordtohavecompromisedshipmentsattheportofdestination.Bythattime,payablesmayhavebeentriggered,dutiespaid,andbothmaterialsandcapacityarethereintheplace. Ifinboundshipmentsaresuccessfullychecked,whichincludescheckingproductsandprocess-relatedquality,theneedforfutureinspectioncanbereducedorshortened.However,forthisprocesstoworkeffectively,operationsmustbeagreeduponinadvancebetweenbuyer,supplier,and3PL. Successfulsupplychainmanagementrecognizesthetruenatureoffunctionalrelationships,identifieskeypointsofinterdependencyinthechain,andimplementsmechanismsthatwillmaximizetheprobabilityofsuccessfuloperations.LogisticscertainlymakesatangiblecontributiontoJITapplication. Oncemerchandiseenters12 Just-In-timephilosophyoriginatesfromJapanesemanufacturingorganizationsandhasextendedintothewholeprocessofproductionfromrawmaterialsselection,procurement,manufacturing,tillfinishedproductdelivery.ItalsoinvolvesallthepartiesinthewholeprocesstocontributetoJITapplication.

商务英语阅读下册unit-7_77课件13

JustinTime

即时生产（JIT）最先由日本丰田汽车公司的TaiichiOhno于上个世纪70年代初期提出,它是一种生产管理哲学。JIT要求物料供应部门只有在装配流程需要时才向组装厂提供零配件，从而减少浪费。JIT理论的核心是看板管理（Kanban），Kanban是日语“卡片”的意思。当生产/装配线上的原材料、零部件耗尽时，就会将Kanban送到仓库，要求仓储部门按照Kanban标明的定量提供原料、配件。JIT对精度的要求很高，即正确的部件必须即时地抵达准确的地点（装配线）。它主要应用于大规模重复生产流程。

LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTLanguagepointsUPPREV.14

即时生产的理论架构认为，库存是规划不当、生产僵硬、设备错误以及质量问题的一个可怜借口，

JIT的目标就是要在尽可能减少库存的同时，提高顾客需求反应速度。

库存虽然有助于快速应对不断变化的顾客需求，但是不可避免地将增加成本以及对营运资金的需求。现代生产和竞争的要求,已经使JIT扩展到从原材料的采购到生产再到消费者手里的各个环节和过程中,因此对各个环节直接的及时沟通和紧密配合就显得尤为重要和关键。UPPREV.NEXT即时生产的理论架构认为，库存是规划不当、生产僵硬15leadtime

原指完成一项活动所需要的时间。这种活动通常指物料和产品的获得,包括订单准备时间、排队时间、加工时间、搬运时间或运输时间、接收和检测时间。我们可以理解为生产周期，即订货到交货的时间。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTleadtimeLanguagepointsUPPR16deliverytime交货时间,在船运的阶段,指的是货物上船离开交货港口的准确日期，即船期。

LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTdeliverytimeLanguagepointsU17lotsize

在物料计划中，通过它来决定怎样计算将要购买或产生的物料的数量。生产计划中一方面是数量上的计划lotsize,另一方面就是时间的安排schedule。

LanguagepointsPREV.NEXTUPlotsizeLanguagepointsPREV.N18

real-timecommunication

实时通讯，为了确保信息不在传递的过程中延误而采取的通讯方法，现代生产通过IT技术来保证实时通讯的完成。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTreal-timecommunicationLang19leanproduction

1990年，JamesWomack出版了《改变世界的机器》（TheMachinethatChangedtheWorld）一书，率先提出了“精益制造”（LeanManufacturing）的概念，有时也称作为“精益生产”（LeanProduction）。

精益生产，以丰田汽车公司为代表的新的资本主义生产方式。其主要特征是对市场变化的快速反应能力、同一条流水线可以生产不同的产品、适时供应、多技能和具有团队精神的劳动力、对生产过程不断改进的动力与能力。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTleanproductionLanguagepoint20eliminate----vt.

排除,消除

e.g.theeffortstoeliminatetheracialdiscrimination

消除种族歧视的努力LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTeliminateLanguagepointsUPPREV21afford-----v.

提供,给予

e.g.Ican'taffordanhourforlunch.

我抽不出一小时吃午饭compromise----n.v.妥协,折衷

e.g.acompromiseofmorality.

道德的沦丧LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTaffordLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE22turnover-----n.

流通量,营业额,周转LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTturnoverLanguagepointsUPPREV.23approach-----n.v.

接近,方法

e.g.Theperformanceapproachesperfection.

性能近乎完美LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTapproachLanguagepointsUPPREV.24assign-----vt.

分配,指派

e.g.Thehardestworkwasassignedtothestrongestlaborers.

最繁重的工作分配给最强壮的劳工。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTassignLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE25accomplish-----v.

完成,达到,实现

e.g.toaccomplishapurpose

达到目的LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTaccomplishLanguagepointsUPPRE26originate-----vt.

引起,发起,创办

vi.

起源,发生

e.g.originatethepracticeofmonthlyreports.

开创了每月报告的惯例

Alltheoriesoriginatefrompracticeandinturnservepractice.

任何理论都来源于实践,反过来又为实践服务。LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXToriginateLanguagepointsUPPREV27verify-----v.校验,核实

e.g.conductedexperimentstoverifythehypothesis

实验以证实这个假设LanguagepointsUPPREV.NEXTverifyLanguagepointsUPPREV.NE281.WhichindustrydidJIToriginatefromatfirst？

Just-In-Time(JIT)isaJapanesemanagementphilosophywhichhasbeenfirstlyappliedinJapanesemanufacturingorganizations.ItwasdevelopedinToyotamanufacturingplantsbyTaiichiOhnoasameansofmeetingconsumerdemandswithminimumdelays.

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.Reference1.WhichindustrydidJITorig29I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.2.WhatisthesignificanceofJITapplication?

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.

Italsohasbeendescribedasanapproachwiththeobjectiveofproducingtherightpartintherightplaceattherighttime,inotherwords,“justintime”.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti30I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.3.WhatareasdoesJITcoverinthewholeprocessofproduction?TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude:Inventoryreduction.Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.Qualitycontrol.Complexityreductionandtransparency.Wasteminimization.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti31I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.4.WhatarethetwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophy?TwobasicprinciplesofJITphilosophyaretheeliminationofwasteandimprovementofallcommercialactivitiesfromrawmaterialstofinishedproductdelivery..ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti32I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.5.WhatdoesJITmeaninlogisticsandsupplychainmanagement? Bydemandingfromthesupplierstodeliverinventorytothefactoryonlywhenit'sneeded,makingJITmanufacturing,orderinganddeliveryprocessesevenspeedier,moreflexibleandmoreefficient.Inthisway,integratedlogisticsandsupplychainsarebeingformed.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti336.WhocancontributetotheJITapplication?

ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-timemanufacturingtooutsidethecompanies.

I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.Reference6.WhocancontributetotheJ34

1.JIT2.productivity3.transparency4.lead-time5.Interdependency

6.plexity8.leanproduction9.faultyproduction10.workload

a.theamountofworkassignedtoorexpectedfromaworkerinaspecifiedtimeperiod

ductsfoundtobedefective

c.

containinglittleexcessorwaste

d.

difficulttounderstandorexplaine.

renamedasstocklessproduction

f.

aJapanesephilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity

g.amountofoutputcreatedintermsofgoodsproducedorservicesh.consideredtobeagoodcharacterasitshieldspeoplefromcomplexity

i..

theperiodbetweenacustomer'sorderanddeliveryofthefinalproduct

j.dependingheavilyoneachotherII.Readthefollowingtermsandmatcheachwithitsproperdefinition.

II.Readthefollowingterms351.f2.g3.h4.i5.j

6.c7.d8.e9.b10.a1.f2.g3.h4.i36

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.

Italsohasbeendescribedasanapproachwiththeobjectiveofproducingtherightpartintherightplaceattherighttime,inotherwords,“justintime”.

Wasteresultsfromanyactivitythataddscostwithoutaddingvalue,suchastheunnecessarymovingofmaterials,theexcessinventory,ortheuseoffaultyproductionthatsrequiresrework.

JIT(alsoknownasleanproductionorstocklessproduction)shouldimproveprofitsandreturnoninvestmentbyreducinginventorylevels,increasetheinventoryturnoverrate,improveproductquality,reduceproductionleadtimeanddeliverytime.

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseJust-in-time(JIT)isdef37

即时生产是一种基于减少废品，持续提高生产效率的管理哲学。通常描述为,在要求的时间内,在合适的地点,生产出合格的产品的一种方法。不合格的产品可能来自于任何增加了成本而未创造价值的环节中，例如不必要的物料移动，过多的库存，以及由于使用了不合格的产品而造成的再加工等。即时生产也被称为精益生产或无库存生产，通过降低库存水平，提高库存周转率，提高产品质量，减少生产时间和交货时间等方式来提高利润和投资回报率。

Reference即时生产是一种基于减少废品，持续提高生产效率的管理哲学。381.即时生产是一种基于减少废品，持续提高生产效率的管理哲学。

Just-in-time(JIT)isdefinedasaphilosophyofmanufacturingbasedonplannedeliminationofallwasteandoncontinuousimprovementofproductivity.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference1.即时生产是一种基于减少废品，持续提高生产效率的管理哲学392.即时生产最初应用于日本的生产制造企业。

JITwasfirstlyappliedinJapanesemanufacturingorganizations.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference2.即时生产最初应用于日本的生产制造企业。IV.Pleas403.

即时生产强调零库存,零缺陷,降低生产周期,缩短交货时间。JITfocusesonzeroinventory,nodefects,reducedleadtime,andshortdeliverytime.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference3.即时生产强调零库存,零缺陷,降低生产周期,缩短交货414.即时生产的另一个重要目的是排除检验。

AnothergoalofJITistheeliminationofinspections.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference4.即时生产的另一个重要目的是排除检验。IV.Please425.即时生产的理念已延伸至整个生产过程。

Just-In-timephilosophyhasextendedintothewholeprocessofproduction.IV.PleaseputthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.Reference5.即时生产的理念已延伸至整个生产过程。IV.Pleas43FocusonPublicTransportation

FastReadingI

UPPREV.NEXTFastReadingIUPPREV.NEXT44 Thegovernmentisgearinguptoplayabiggerroleindevelopingpublictransportation,accordingtoadocumentjointlyreleasedbyfourministriesonSaturday. Thedocument,releasedbytheNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionandtheministriesofconstruction,financeandlabourandsocialsecurity,describesthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityandcallsforfavourablepoliciestopromoteitsexpansion. QiuBaoxing,vice-ministerofconstruction,saidattheNationalConferenceofPublicTransportDevelopmentonSaturdaythatpublictransportationisthesurestwaytoeasetrafficcongestion,whichhasplaguedChina'smajorcitiesinrecentyears. Thedocumentsaysthegovernmentshouldbethemaininvestorinconstructionprojectsinthepublictransportationsector.Itcallsonthegovernmenttosetupinvestment,subsidyandcompensationsystemstopromoteitsdevelopment Thegovernmentisgearing45

Thecentralgovernmentisalsolookingtosubsidizepublictransportenterprisestooffsettheburdenoffutureincreasesinpetroleumprices. Thegovernmentwillalsodoanannualauditandappraisalofpublictransportenterprises'operationsandimplementaperformance-basedsubsidysystemtorewardthoseenterprisesthatdowellintheappraisals. QiusaidtheaveragespeedofvehiclesonBeijing'smainroadshadfallenbyhalfinthepastdecade,andthat60percentofthecity'smainintersectionssufferfromserioustrafficcongestion. "TherapidincreaseinthenumberofautomobilesontheroadshasplacedgreatpressureonBeijing'strafficconditions,resourcesandenvironment,"saidJiLin,vice-mayorofBeijing. "Treatingthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityisoneofthecity'slong-termstrategies.” JisaidthenumberofvehiclesplyingBeijing'sstreetshashit2.82millionandisstillincreasingattherapidrateof1,000newcarsperday. Thecentralgovernmenti46

"Itisunrealistictoattempttoresolvethecity'strafficjamssimplybywideningroadsbecauseanyefforttowidentheroadswouldlagbehindtheincreaseinautomobiles,"saidWangFengwu,anofficialwiththeMinistryofConstruction. Wangsaidtheministrywantedpublictransportationtoaccountforathirdofthetransportationavailableinthecountry'smaincitieswithinthenextfiveyears.Atpresent,publictransportationaccountsforonlyabout10percent.Wangsaidtheministrywasconsideringchangingthetrafficsignalsysteminsomecitiestofavourpublictransportation.Forexample,busescouldgetlongergreenlightsatintersections. "Itisunrealistictoa47 AccordingtostatisticsfromtheWorldBank,theaveragespeedofvehiclesonthemainroadsbetweenBeijing'ssecondandthirdringroadsduringrushhoursfellto10kilometre-per-hour(kph)lastyearfrom45kphin1994.Thatisslowerthanbicycles.Theeconomiclossescausedbytrafficcongestionreached250billionYuan(US$31.25billion),accountingfor2percentoftheyear’sGDP

Accordingtostatisticsfro481.()Accordingtoajoint-release,thepublicisrecognizedtoplayanimportantroleintransportation.2.()Chinesegovernmentshouldbethemaininvestorinconstructionprojects.3.()TheaveragespeedofvehiclesonBeijing’smainroadshadfalleninthepastdecade,and60percentofthepastintermsofspeed.4.()Treatingthedevelopmentofpublictransportationasapriorityisoneofthecity'slong-termstrategies.5.()Thenationaleconomyisgearedupbymoreautomobilesontheroadaccordingtothearticle.I.DeterminewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.Write“T”fortrueand“F”forfalseinthebrackets.1.()Accordingtoajoint-r491.F2.T3.F4.T5.F1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F501.Accordingtothe4ministries,______isafavorablepolicytopromotenationalexpansion.A.manufacturingofvehicleB.publicroadconstructionC.rapidincreaseinthenumberofautomobilesD.developmentofpublictransportationII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.1.Accordingtothe4ministri512.______causestheeconomiclossesofChinanowadaysalongthedevelopment.

A.DisorderedinvestmentB.Thepoliciesfromthe4nationalministriesC.TrafficcongestionD.PublicroadsconstructionII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.2.______causestheeconomic523.Thegovernmentpromotesitstrafficdevelopmentthrough_____________.

A.nationalinvestmentB.governmentsubsidyC.settinguptrafficpriorityD.investment,subsidyandcompensationsystemsII.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.3.Thegovernmentpromotesits534.______isplaguingChina'smajorcitiesinrecentyearsfromthearticle.

A.Publictransportation B.ToomanyautomobilesonroadC.GovernmentsubsidyandcompensationontrafficD.Trafficcongestion

II.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.4.______isplaguingChina's545.Thecentralgovernmentsubsidizedpublictransportenterprises________.A.toeasethepublictrafficburdenB.towidenthepublicroadsC.asalongtermstrategyD.tooffsettheburdenoffutureincreasesinpetroleumprices

II.Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthesentences.5.Thecentralgovernmentsubs55PremiumFreightMakesJITFitFastReadingIIUPPREV.NEXTPremiumFreightMakesJITFitF56Just-in-time(JIT)manufacturingisatremendousadvantage–wheneverythingworksperfectly.Butwhathappenswhenthesupplychainfallsoutofsync--whenanoverseassupplierhasequipmentproblems,environmentalfactorsdelaydeliveries,ordefectivepartsarediscoveredontheassemblyline?HowdosuppliersavoidchaosandkeepJITproductionrolling?UPPREV.NEXTJust-in-time(JIT)man57Onesolutionispremiumfreight--last-minuterushshipmentstobringinmaterialsorcomponents.Manufacturersgenerallyviewpremiumfreightasacostly,butunavoidable,nuisance.Buttheyseetheseshipmentsonlyasalargenumberofone-timeevents.Becauseit'sagiventhatpremiumfreightwillalwaysbepartofthemanufacturingprocess,especiallywiththeproliferationofJITplants,companiesshouldusetheservicestrategically.UPPREV.NEXTOnesolutionispremiu58Companiesshouldemployadvancedplanningthatmakespremiumfreightanintegralpartoftheproductionprocess.Thisensuresmaintenanceofthecustomer'sscheduleandbudget,andreducesthecostofexpeditedshipments.Theentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreighthasbeenrevolutionized,however,bytheemergenceofthird-partylogisticscompanies(3PLs).Thesecompaniesareunbiasedintheirchoiceofcarriers,usingperformancedatatomaketheirselections.UPPREV.NEXTCompaniesshouldemploy59One3PL,forexample,utilizesacontractedgroupofpre-qualifiedcarriers,eachwithanumericalperformanceratingtoensurequalityservice.Withthistypeoflogisticsmanagement,multipletransportationmodesarereadyandwaiting.Ratesarepre-negotiated,andcarriersrespondwithinveryshorttimewindows.Thebigadvantageofthird-partylogisticsprovidersisthattheyusethewebtonotifyabaseofcarriersquickly,receiveimmediatebids,andrapidlyassignshipments.ThisgivescarrierstheabilitytolinkelectronicallyintotheJITprocess.UPPREV.NEXTOne3PL,forexample,ut60Supplierscallthe3PLwhentheyneedanexpeditedshipmentandprovideparameterssuchasthenumberofpieces,weight,destination,anddeadline.Carriersbidonlinewithin15minutes,andthebestcarrierisselectedforaspecificjob.The3PLtakescareofalltheback-endbillingissues.Theimportanceofpremiumfreightwillgrowassupplierstakeonmoreresponsibilityforassembly.Suppliersareneweronthelogisticslearningcurvethanassemblyplantsandtypicallyarenotasefficient.Moreover,handlingtransportation--withitsstrictregulations,customsrules,newplayers,andnewmodes--canbecomplex.UPPREV.NEXTSupplierscallthe3PLw61New-productlaunchesalsodrivetheuseofpremiumfreight.Manufacturersquicklyworkoutthelogisticskinksinmatureproducts,butnewproductsdevelopproblemsthatoftenarenotfixedasfast.Yettheplantsneedtocontinuerunningwithoutanysafetystock.Pre-plannedpremiumfreightactuallyreducescosts.Visibilityofdeliverytimes,reportingtechniques,andbetternegotiatedratesallmeantheplantdoesnothavetomaintainasmuchinventoryandavoidsthepenaltiesassociatedwithslowingthelineordisruptingthesupplychain.UPPREV.NEXTNew-productlaunchesals62Globalcompaniesfindmanylocationsposebarrierstotransportation,sotheyneedagoodplaninplacewithapre-constructedcarriernetwork.Byplanningaheadandworkingwithahigh-tech,dedicatedlogisticspartner,companiescanrelievepressureonthesupplychain,increaseflexibility,cutcosts,andmakeJITabetterfit.UPPREV.NEXTGlobalcompaniesfindman63I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.1.UnderwhatconditionisJITmanufacturingatremendousadvantage?

Just-in-time(JIT)manufacturingisatremendousadvantagewheneverythingworksperfectlysync.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti64I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.2.WhatdoesPremiumFreightmean?

Premiumfreightmeansthelast-minuterushshipmentstobringinmaterialsorcomponents.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti65I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.3.What’smanufacturers’viewonpremiumfreight?

Manufacturersgenerallyviewpremiumfreightasacostly,butunavoidable,nuisanceandonlyasalargenumberofone-timeevents.

ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti66I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.4.Whatmakestheentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreightrevolutionized?

Theentireprocessoforderingpremiumfreighthasbeenrevolutionizedbytheemergenceofthird-partylogisticscompanies(3PLs).ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti67I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetext.5.What’sthebigadvantageof3PLnowadays?

Thebigadvantageofthird-partylogisticsprovidersisthattheyusethewebtonotifyabaseofcarriersquickly,receiveimmediatebids,andrapidlyassignshipments.ReferenceI.Answerthefollowingquesti681.()It'sagiventhatpremiumfreightwillnotalwaysbepartofthemanufacturingprocess,especiallywiththeproliferationofJITplants.2.()Premiumfreightensuresmaintenanceofthecustomer'sscheduleandbudget,andreducesthecostofexpeditedshipments.3.()Carriersbidonlinewithin15minutes,andthebestcarrierisselectedforaspecificjobandtakescareofalltheback-endbillingissues.4.()Manufacturersquicklyworkoutthelogisticskinksinallproductsnomattermatureornew.5.()Globalcompaniesoftenfindmanylocationsposebarrierstotransportation,sotheyneedagoodplaninplacewithapre-constructedcarriernetwork.II.DeterminewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.Write“T”fortrueand“F”forfalseinthebrackets.

1.()It'sagiventhat691.F2.T3.F4.F5.THOME1.F2.T3.F4.F5.THOME70

UnitSeven

UnitSeven71了解JIT的含义了解JIT的精髓所在理解JIT对现在企业的意义TeachingObjectives了解JIT的含义TeachingObjectives72JITLeanproductionLeadtimeRealtimecommunicationTeachingEmphases

JITTeachingEmphases73TextFastReadingIFastReadingIIContentTextContent74Pre-readingquestions1.DoyouknowwhatJITstandsfor?2.WheredidJIToriginatefrom?TEXTGeneralIntroductiontoLogistics

UPPREV.NEXTPre-readingquestionsTEXTGen75商务英语阅读下册unit-7_77课件76商务英语阅读下册unit-7_77课件77

TypicalattentionareasofJITinclude: *Inventoryreduction.

*Smallerproductionlotsandsizes.

*Qualitycontrol.

*Complexityreductionandtransparency.

*Wasteminimization. ThroughtheapplicationofInternetandSupplyChaininmodernbusiness,companieshaveextendedJust-in-ti