高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Breaking boundaries Starting out课后检测练（含答案和解析）

Unit4Breakingboundaries——Startingout一、完成句子1.我第一次爬到屋顶时,感到紧张不安。Iclimbedontotheroof,Ifeltnervous.

2.与老师面对面交流后,我决心要努力学习。Afteraface-to-facetalkwithmyteacher,Itostudyhard.

3.到户外晒晒太阳是有益的,但过分在阳光下曝晒,你的生命将会面临危险。It’snicetogetoutinthesun,butifyouoverdoit,youwill.

4.我们不仅应该在课堂上认真听讲,而且应该经常练习说英语。shouldwelistenattentivelyinclass,practisespeakingEnglishfrequently.

5.她精力充沛,在她五十多岁的时候仍然活跃在政坛上。Sheisfullofenergyandsheremainsactiveinpolitics.

二、阅读理解Itwasared­letterdayinthehistoryofmedicine—“TargetZeroDay”，8May1980,markingthecompleteremovalofsmallpox(天花),aterrifyingdisease.Itwasuntreatablebut,luckily,itturnedoutthatvaccination(接种疫苗)providedgoodprotection—andthatmassimmunization(免疫)couldwipeoutthesmallpoxvirusbyblockingitsspread.Accordingtolegend,vaccinationwasinventedbyDrEdwardJenner.Jennershowedthathealthychildrenvaccinatedwithcowpox,amildinfectionofcattle,couldnotcatchsmallpox.Hewassupposedlyinspiredbyacommentfromalocalmilkmaid,butthereisevidencethattheideacamefromamedicalfriend,JohnFewster,whohadexperimentedwithcowpox.Nevertheless,Jennerdeservescreditforintroducingvaccinationintothemedicalmainstreamwithhispaperpublishedin1798.In1966,160yearsafterthepredictionthatvaccinationwouldcleanoffthedisease,theWorldHealthOrganizationlauncheditsSmallpoxEradicationProgramme.Thisheroic11­yeardrivewasdirectedbytwoAmericanpublichealthdoctors,DAHendersonandBillFoege.Theirhardshipswereenormous.OneWHOofficialevenpromisedtoeatatyreifsmallpoxwasremoved.Hendersonpromisedtosendhimthetyreandwishedhimgoodappetite.ButHendersonandFoege'shardworkpaidoff—threeyearsafterthelastsmallpoxcasewasinformed(tomakesurenooutbreakshadbeenmissed)TargetZeroDaywasdeclared.40yearson,whyshouldwerememberTargetZeroDay?First,tocelebratevictoryofpreventativemedicineandfreedomfromacrueldisease.Then,wemustrememberthevictimsofsmallpox.Ithadpreviouslykilled1in12worldwide.In1914,aCanadianprofessorwarnedagainstforgettingsmallpox,whichwasfastdisappearingfromNorthAmerica.Itwentontokillatleastanother250millionpeople—threetimesmorethanbothworldwarscombined.TargetZeroDayalsoremindsusofundefeatedinfections,includingpolio,measles,malaria,andofcoursethecoronavirusCOVID­19.Let'srecognizeTargetZeroDayforwhatitis：amilestoneinworldhistoryandamonumenttotheartofthepossible.1．WhatinspiredJennertoinventthevaccination?A．Amedicalfriend. B．Alocalmilkmaid.C．Cattle. D．Children.2．Whatisthewriter'spurposeofmentioningtheWHOofficial'spromise?A．TointroducethesupportfromtheWHO.B．Tostresstheimportanceofgoodappetite.C．Tosuggestthedifficultyinremovingsmallpox.D．Toshowhisdeterminationtocarryonthedrive.3．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Allundefeatedinfectionswillbeconqueredsoon.B．Worldwarsareworsethaninfections.C．Canadiansbenefitfromthevaccinemost.D．Smallpoxisaterrifyingdisease.4．Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A．Everydoghashisday.B．Agoodbeginningishalfthebattle.C．Atroublesharedisatroublehalved.D．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EightwomenfromacrosstheUK1.(announce)onDecember5,2018aswinnersofthe2018NatWesteverywomanAwards.AsapartoftheAwards,theAphroditeAwardisforwomen2.havestartedbusinesseswhiletheirchildrenwereunder12,aiming3.(inspire)otherstofollowintheirfootsteps.We’vealwaysknownthattheentrantstotheAphroditeAwardwerespecial,butthisyearwe’vebeen4.(true)bowledoverbytheirimpressivesuccesses.Frompioneeringbusinessprinciples,tofacingdownsexism,thebrilliantbusinesswomen5.(reinvent)enterpriseonceagainandbeatingallthechallenges.

Butmostofall,itcreatesanopportunitytoshow6.(admire)forunseentalent.Femaleenterprisersaren’tusedtoshowingofftheirsuccesses,thoughtheycontribute￡7.4billionayear7.theUKeconomy.42percentofwomenrespondedtheircompaniesweresuccessfulwhile62percentofmensaid8.(they)weresuccessful,whenaskedtoassesstheirbusinessesbytheUniversityofCambridgeandBarclays.Andyet,onaverage,businessesrunbywomenreporteven9.(high)pre-taxprofits.Oneoffinalists,SusieHewson,has10.____annualturnover(营业额)￡19millionforhercompany.

四、书面表达“推行垃圾分类,提倡低碳生活”是个全民活动,你班英语课将举行主题为“Let’sGoGreenNow”的一分钟英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿,要点包括:1.倡导绿色生活的原因;2.实践途径(至少两点)。注意:1.词数80左右(首尾已给,不计入词数);2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Boysandgirls,I’mgreatlyhonouredtodeliverthespeech.

That’sall.Thankyou.答案和解析一、完成句子1.Thefirsttime2.madeupmymind3.putyourlifeatrisk4.Notonly;butalso5.inher50s二、阅读理解1.A细节理解题。根据第二段中butthereisevidencethattheideacamefromamedicalfriend,JohnFewster,whohadexperimentedwithcowpox可知，有证据表明，Jenner发明天花疫苗的灵感来自他的一个医学方面的朋友JohnFewster。2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中Theirhardshipswereenormous.OneWHOofficialevenpromisedtoeatatyreifsmallpoxwasremoved.可知，他们的困难是巨大的。一位世卫组织官员甚至承诺，如果天花被根除，他将吃掉一只轮胎。由此可以推断，文章提到这位世卫组织官员的承诺是暗示当时世卫组织认为根除天花几乎是不可能的事情，会有很多困难。故选C项。3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ithadpreviouslykilled1in12worldwide.及Itwentontokillatleastanother250millionpeople—threetimesmorethanbothworldwarscombined.可知，天花造成巨大的死亡人数。由此可以推断出天花是一种可怕的疾病。4.D主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了天花被根除的艰难历程。文章最后一句提到Let'srecognizeTargetZeroDayforwhatitis：amilestoneinworldhistoryandamonumenttotheartofthepossible.可知，作者认为“零目标日”是可能性艺术的典范。根除天花尽管很艰难，但是，最终人类还是将它变得可能。故本文要传达的是D项(心之所愿，无事不成)。三、语法填空1.wereannounced考查动词时态和语态。“Eightwomen”与“announce”之间是被动关系,再结合后面的时间状语“onDecember5,2018”可知,此处表示发生在过去的动作,故用wereannounced。2.who/that考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰前面的women,且在从句中作主语,故用who/that。3.toinspire考查非谓语动词。此处表示旨在激励其他人仿效她们。aimtodosth.为固定搭配,意为“旨在做某事”。4.truly考查副词。此处是指作者确实被她们令人钦佩的种种成就所震撼,空处修饰动词,故用副词truly。5.arereinventing考查动词时态和主谓一致。这些出色的女企业家们正在彻底改造企业,突破所有挑战。结合句意和后面的“andbeating”可知,此处应用现在进行时,主语businesswomen为复数,故填arereinventing。6.admiration考查名词。结合空前的show及空后的for可知,空处应为名词,故填admiration“钦佩,赞赏”。7.to考查介词。此处表示她们一年给英国经济贡献74亿英镑。contributesth.tosth.意为“增进/添加某物到某物”,是固定搭配。8.theirs考查代词。根据语境可知,此处表示62%的男性说他们的(公司)是成功的。此处指代theircompanies,因此用名词性物主代词theirs。9.higher考查形容词比较级。此处是比较男性企业家与女性企业家的公司利润,平均来看,女性企业家的税前利润更高。