人教版九年级英语专题复习导学案：非谓语动词专题

九年级英语专题复习非谓语动词专题一、动词不定式（主动，经常性和将来的意义）1.动词不定式作宾语。1)在动词want,hope,wouldlike,decide,wish,choose,try,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。Ihope______(hear)fromyousoon.2)think/find/feel/makeit+adj+todosthHefounditdifficult_______(get)tosleep.3).stoptodosth/stopdoingsthstoptodosth停下来去做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的事。Afterworkingforalongtime,Hehastostop_______(have)arest.Hewasverytired,sohehadtostop______(work).[来源:Zxxk.Com]2.动词不定式作宾语补。1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask/like/wouldlike/teach/tell/want/help+sb+todosthPleaseaskhim_________(come)quickly.2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let/make/hear/see/notice/have/watch+sb+dosth注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to.Hemadethebaby_______(stop)crying.Thebabywasmade___________crying.3.动词不定式作主语1).动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。Todosth+谓语动词+adj/n=It+谓语动词+adj/n+todosthTogetaninjectionisalittlepainful._____alittlepainful________aninjection4.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后名词或代词+todo(介词)注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。Iwantapentowrite______.Iwantapieceofpapertowrite______.5.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+todosth注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+todosth”.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothehospital?Canyoutellme_____________thehospital.6.动词不定式可作状语1).动词不定式可作目的状语在come/go/leave后面接动词不定式作目的状语。Hecamehere______(get)hisbook.2).动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/glad/afraid/pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语Hewasglad_______(see)hiswife.Hetoldme________(notstay)here.9.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。1).动词不定式符号的省略情况若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to.但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。Edison’smothertaughthimtowriteandread.Ihaven’tdecidedtogohomeortogotothecinema.2)省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。Willyoutakeawalkwithme?I’mgladto.Wouldyouliketojoinmybirthdayparty?Iwouldloveto.二、动名词（主动，经常性）1.动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Readinginbed______(be)badforyoureyes.2.有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。（见附录2）3.动名词作表语可以和主语互换位置。4.动名词作定语强调中心名词的用途。Awaitingroom三、现在分词（强调主动，进行，经常性）1.现在分词常放在see,hear,watch,notice等之后作宾补。Isawtheboy____(play)inthestreetjustnow.2.现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词后面，相当于一个定语从句。Asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleeping.DidyouknowthemantalkingtoMrLi?=DidyouknowthemanwhowastalkingtoMrLi?3.现在分词表伴随情况Hecameintotheclassroom,carryingabook.四、过去分词（强调被动，完成性）1.作宾补have/get+sth+done表示请别人干某事IhadmyTVrepairedlastnight.2.作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。HaveyoueverreadanybookswrittenbyLuxun?Haveyoueverreadanybooks__________writtenbyLuxun?3.作表语过去分词作表语已经形容词化Mycupisbroken.非谓语动词考点to+动词原形，和，动词ing形式，不能在句子中作谓语，因此称为非谓语动词。“to+动词原形”作主语例:Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.学一门外语不容易。（it=tolearnaforeignlanguage）比较：It’skindofyoutothinksomuchofus.你为我们考虑这么多真是太好了。 It’shardforyoutostudyEnglishwell.对你来说，学好英语是很困难的。说明：forsb句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词（easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,interesting）ofsb.句型通常使用表示主观感情，人品的形容词（good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right,wrong,careful）“to+动词原形”作定语例:Haveyougotanythingtoeat?你有吃的东西吗？（toeat限定anything） Thereisnothingforustoworryabout.没有什么好担心的。（toworryabout限定nothing）“to+动词原形”作宾语例:Hewantedtoborrowmyradio.他想借我的收音机。 Wefinditeasytodothework.我们发现做那件工作很容易。(it=todothework)注意比较：Idon’tknowwhattodo.我不知道该做什么？ Idon’tknowhowtodoit.我不知道该怎样做这件事？“to+动词原形”作状语，常用于下列句型例：Iamsorrytohearit.（表示原因）听到这件事我很难过。 Heistooyoungtogotoschool.（表示结果）他太小而不能上学。Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.（表示结果）她足够大去上学。 Hegotupveryearlytocatchtheearlybus.（表示目的）他起床很早去赶早班车。“to+动词原形”作宾补例：Hewantedmetocallagain.(tocallagain作me这个宾语的补足语)注意：有些动词后作宾补的to应该省掉,常见的有：feel感觉 hear听见make使某人做┅/have使某人做┅let使某人做--- see看见/watch观看，看见/help后to省掉不省掉均可 例:Iwillhavethestudentcleanthewindow.我将让那个学生打扫窗户。Itisinterestingtowatchotherpeopleplaychess.看被人下棋很有趣。“to+动词原形”可放在疑问词后 例：Wemustdecidewhethertogoorstay. Ireallydon’tknowwhattowriteabout.=Ireallydon’tknowwhatIshouldwriteabout. Thequestioniswheretoputit.=Thequestioniswhereweshouldputit. IaskedhimhowtolearnEnglish.=IaskedhimhowweshouldlearnEnglish.否定式为：not+不定式 例：Pleasetellhimnottobelate.请告诉他不要迟到。某些动词后只能用“to+动词原形”：tell/ask/want/decide/hope/wish/learn/agree/fail/plan/promise/refuse/ 例：Ilearnedtoskatelastyear.去年我学会了滑冰。“动词ing形式”作主语例:Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.=It’sbadforyourhealtheatingtoomuch.吃太多对健康有坏处。(it=eatingtoomuch)作宾语 例:Helikesreadingstorybooks.他喜欢读故事书。作定语 例：themansellingthenewspapers正在卖报纸的男人。作宾补 例：Ifoundthestudentsplayingbasketballontheplayground.我发现学生们正在操场上大篮球。有些动词后只用“动词ing”形式，,常见的有：finish/enjoy/mind/practice/keep/miss(错过)/consider（考虑） 例:Ienjoyplayingfootballverymuch.我非常喜欢踢足球。有些动词后既可用“to+动词原形”，又可用“动词ing形式”，意义有差别，常见的有 ①Helikeslisteningtomusic=Helikestolistento“HappyBirthdaytoyou.”②Theypreferwalkingtocycling.=Iprefertostayathometoday.注意：love/begin/start/continue/like/prefer/hate这七个单词用法和区别都一样③Isawhimplaybasketballontheplayground. 我看见他在操场上打了篮球的。（动作已完成） Isawhimplayingbasketballthen. 那时我看见他正在操场上打篮球。（动作正进行）④Iheardhimsingasong. 我听过他唱了一首歌。（动作已完成） Iheardhimsingingasongatthattime. 那时我听见他正在唱歌。（动作正进行）⑤Whentheteachercamein,theystoppedtalking. 当老师进来的时候，他们停止了讨论。（停止正在做的事情：讨论） Aftertheylistenedtotheteacher,theystoppedtotalk.在他们听了老师讲课之后，他们停止听，开始讨论。（停止一件事<听>，去做另一事<讨论>）⑥Don’tforgettoclosethedoor. 不要忘了关门。（门还没关） （忘记该做而没做的事） Iforgotmendingthebrokenbike. 我忘了曾修理过那辆坏自行车。（曾修理过）（忘记已经做过的事）⑦Pleaseremembertoposttheletterforme. 请记得为我邮寄这封信。（寄信这件事还没有做） （记得该做而没做的事）Irememberedpostingtheletterforyou. 我记得已为你邮寄了信。（寄信这件事已做了） （记得已经做过的事）非谓语动词考点聚焦固定句型：例：JimprefersreadingtowatchingTV.比起看电视，吉姆更喜欢读书。=JimpreferstoreadratherthanwatchTV.固定句型：例：Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.我宁愿呆在家，而不愿意出去。=Iwouldstayathomeratherthangoout.固定句型：某人+have+fun(trouble)+doing.例：Thestudentshavefunplayingfootball.学生们打篮球玩的高兴。在序数词后只用不定式：例：Jimwasthefirstonetocomehere.吉姆是第一个到这里的人。wouldlike=wouldlove后只用“to+动词原形”的形式：例：Iwouldliketohaveaswimwithyou.我愿意跟你一起去游泳。下列词组中to是介词，后只用动词ing形式beusedtodoing习惯于做--- 例：Jimisusedtogettingupearly.lookforwardtodoing期望做--- 例：Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.payattentiontodoing全神贯注做--- 例：WeshouldpayattentiontostudyingEnglish.makeacontributiontodoing做贡献做---例：We’llmakeacontributiontoprotectingit.saynotodoing对---说不例：Weshouldsaynotosmoking.下列词组中用动词ing形式beworthdoing值得做--- 例：Thisbookisworthreading.bebusydoing忙于做--- 例：Jimisbusycleaninghisroom.feellikedoing喜欢做--- 例：Ifeellikeeatingnoodles.can’thelpdoing忍不住做--- 例：Afterhereadsthestory,Jimcan’thelplaughing.【非谓语动词】练习【15泰州】Ifeelstressedfromtimetotime.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?—sharingyourworrieswithyourparents?A.Whydon'tyou B.Howabout C.Whynot D.Wouldyoulike【15宜宾】Wouldyoumind______inthedininghall?—Ofcoursenot.A.nottosmoke B.notsmoking C.smoke D.notsmoke【15雅安】Studentsshouldlearnhowproblems.A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve【15雅安】Canyoufinishthesebooksbefore10o'clock?一Yes,Ican.A.toreadB.readC.readsD.reading【15临沂】Myparentsoftentellmetoomuchjunkfoodbecauseit’sbadformyhealth.A.noteating B.nottoeat C.eating D.toeat【15杭州】She’snotstrongenough_________walkingupmountains.A.togo B.going C.go D.went【15重庆】Helosthiskey．Itmadehim_____inthecoldtowaitforhiswife’sreturn．A．tostay Bstayed C．stays D．stay【15邵阳】Whatabout arest?Let'sgoforawalk.A.totakeB.takeC.taking【15衢州】Manychildrenareleftaloneinthecountryside.Let’stryourbestthem.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helps【15内江】OurEnglishteacheroftensaystous,“____Englishwellisveryimportant”A.LearnB.LearningC.LearnedD.Tolearning【15内江】Hehurriedbackhome____hisschoolbag.A.fetchedB.tofetchC.fetchingD.fetches【15青岛】Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme______mycar?—Sure.Parkitrighthere.I’llhelpyou.A.howtostop B.wheretopark C.wheretostopD.whentopark【15福州】Nick,wouldyoumind_________outofthebathroom?—Sorry.Iwon'tbelong.A.comeB.tocomeC.coming【15湛江】Whynottotheparknow?—Goodidea!Let’sgo.A.goB.togoC.goesD.going【15滨州】Wouldyoulikecampingwithme?—I’dliketo.ButI’mbusymyhomework.A.togo;todoB.togo;doingC.going;todoD.going;doing【15泰安】WhyisLinlinpracticingspeakingEnglish?—_______abroadforfurtherstudy.A.GoB.GoneC.TogoD.Goes【15凉山】Everyonemayfeeltimeveryquicklywhentheydosomethinginteresting.A.gobyB.togobyC.wentby【15广安】I’mlookingforwardto_____myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?—Metoo．A.seeing B.see C.saw【15上海】EvenTony’sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhim________smoking.A.giveup B.gaveupC.togiveup D.givingup【15上海】Theretiredcoupleenjoy_______photos.TheyalwaysgooutwiththeircamerasA.takeB.tookC.totake D.taking【15济宁】IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?—Ihaven’tdecidedwhere________.A.goB.went C.going D.togo【15江西】Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates_____dancingwithher.A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice【15黄冈】Sheusedto_____TVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedto_____outforawalk.A.watch;go B.watching;go C.watching;going D.watch;going【15安顺】“Who’stheboyinwhiteT-shirt_____underthetree?”“Myfriend.”A.standB.tostandC.stoodD.standing【15安顺】Heoftendrinkstwocupsof______waterwhenhecomesback.A.boilingB.boilC.boiledD.boils【15呼和浩特】Tom，wouldyouplease________thebox?It’sforyoursister.A.notopen B.don’topenC.nottoopen D.tonotopen【15鞍山】Jessica'sparentsalwaysencourageher____________outheropinions.A.speakB.speakingC.tospeakD.willspeak【15扬州】TheGreensusedtoliveinLondonandnowthey________inBeijing.A.usedtolive B.areusedtolive C.areusedtoliving D.areusedforliving【15扬州】Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup?—Asinger,butmyparentswishme________ateacher.A.am B.tobe C.willbe D.be【15苏州】Paulmadeanicecage______thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.tokeep【15济南】Itwastimeforclass.Mr.Kingaskedallthechildren___________downquietly.A.sitB.satC.tositD.sitting【15株洲】AlltheChinesepeoplemustworkhardChinaDream.A.torealizeB.realizeC.realizing【15广州】Ialwaystellmystudents______ontheroadbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A.nottoplay B.toplaynot C.notplaying D.notplay【15广东】Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried_______anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmake B.nottomake C.tomakeD.making【15天津】Hepromised______hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.A.see B.seeing C.saw D.toseeMarycalledandaskedherhusband________homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo【15威海】Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan【15莱芜】31.WhenIwalkedpastthepark,Isawsomeoldpeople________ChineseTaiji.A.do B.did C.doingD.aredoingI'msleepy.Iprefer________athometogoingoutforawalk.A.sleepingB.tosleepC.sleptD.sleep【15淮安】Attimes,parentsfinditdifficult________withtheirteenagechildren.A.talk B.talked C.talking D.totalk【15益阳】Heusedto_____inasmallvillage,butnowhehasbeenusedto____inabigcity.A.live;livingB.live;liveC.living;living【15益阳】28.Youlooktootired.Whynot______arest?A.stoptohaveB.tostophavingC.stophaving【15娄底】Wouldyoumind_________thewindow?It'sveryhot.—No,notatall.A.openB.toopenC.opening【15衡阳】Myparentsaskedmecomputergames.A.notplayingB.nottoplayC.notplay【15孝感】Whataheavyrain!—Soitis.Iprefer______ratherthan____onsucharainyday.A.togoout;stayathomeB.tostayathome;gooutC.goingout;stayathomeD.stayingathome;goout【15孝感】Dad,whymustIstop______computergames?—Foryourhealth,myboy.A.playB.toplayC.toplayingD.playing【15襄阳】Drivingless,walkingmoreisgoodforourhealth.—SoI'drather anhour'swalktoworkthanconsideracar.A.take,drive B.take,todrive C.take,drivingD.taking,driving【15随州】Whatdidyourteachersaythismorning?—Shetoldus_____makefacesinclass.tonotB.nottoC.donotD.didn't【随州】Let'splayfootballontheplayground.—It’stoohotoutside.Iwouldrather____athomethan_____out.A.tostay;goB.staying;goingC.stay;togoD.stay;go【15黑龙江】HewantstohavehisTV________.A.repairing B.repaired C.torepair【15黑龙江】Remember________offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turning C.turn【15黑龙江】Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?一Ioftenpractice________English.A.speak B.tospeak C.speaking【1齐齐哈尔】Ittakesmehalfanhourthepianoeveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplay【15齐齐哈尔】TheGreatGreenWallcanstopthewindandsandtotherichlandinthesouthofChina.A.moveB.tomoveC.frommoving【15齐齐哈尔】Theboyisoftenheardinthemusicroom.Hesingsverywell.A.practicesingingB.topracticesingingC.practicedsinging【15河北】Thechildrendecide_theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned【15梅州】Ifoundaletter______onthefloorwhenIcameintotheclassroom.A.lying B.lay C.lie D.lies【15南京】Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?—Weweretoldapicnicthisweekend.A.have B.tohave C.having D.had【15白银】Manyoldmenprefer_______inapeacefulcountryside.A.toliveB.liveingC.liveDlived【15白银】Georgewasheard_______justnow.Whathappened?——Peoplewastellingajoke.A.tocryB.cryC.tolaughD.laugh【15白银】Thelittleboypretended_______whenhismothercamein.A.sleepingB.asleepC.toasleepD.tobeasleep【15白银】_______honestisthefirstthingpeopleshouldlearn.A.BeingB.LookC.BeDBecome【15白银】Manyyoungpeopletookpartin_______treesonTreePlantingDay.A.plantingB.plantsC.toplantDplant【15白银】Ihaven’tdecidedwhen________aholidayyet.A.tookB.takingC.totakeDtake【15义乌】Sam,canyoutellme?—TryMusicWorldonHuangyuanStreet.A.whytobuyaCDB.wheretogetaCDC.HowtochooseaCD. D.whentorecordaCD【15淄博】DoyoulikeZhouLibo'stalkshow?—Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople__.A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh【15茂名】Thetree______byyourgrandmagrowsverywell.A.plantingB.isplantedC.planted【15广西】Dad,youhaveworkedforthreehours.Stop______andhavearest,please.A.toworkB.workingC.workD.works【2015贵州铜仁】__________gooutforapicnicnextSaturday.—Goodidea.A.Whynot B.Howabout C.Wouldyouliketo D.Let’s【15遵义】Itisreportedthatitwouldtakeaperson21days____________agoodhabit.A.gettingintoB.getinto C.togetinto【15湖南】Whatafineday!Whynot_____outside?A.havingawalk B.tohaveawalk C.haveawalk【15贵州】Whatseniorschooldoyouwanttogo,LiHua?—It’shardforme_____adecision.A.do B.todoC.makeD.tomake【15三亚】Mom,IamafraidthatIcan’tgetthroughthehardtimewe’rehavingnow.—Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself______.A.don’tgiveupB.nottogiveupC.notgiveupD.togiveup【15三亚】Ihopeeveryonecancareabout______theenvironmentandstop______things.A.protecting;wastingB.protecting;towasteC.protect;wastingD.protect;towaste【15大庆】Whydoweeatvegetableseveryday,Mum?—________healthy,mydear.A.Tokeep B.Keep C.Keeping D.Kept【15宿迁】Atpresent,lotsofpeoplewouldratherinthecountrybecausethereispollutioninthecity.A.live;more B.tolive;less