2015年职称英语理工类直播1v1辅导1月23日

2015 英 A级第44DefendingtheTheoryofEvolutionStillSeemsNeeded【捍卫进化论仍必Weisleadstheeffortinthefaceofwhattheinstituteviewsasoppositionandindifferencefromschoolboardsand inthefaceof:意为：“despitetheoppositionof”(不管，不顾 如：businessentity(企业单位，营业单位）Leaveitoutspeakout大胆地说，大声地infavorof:supportof:支持，赞Plus:超过的，略大的。如：Allthechildrenhereare10plus.HermarkwasBplus. 意为：”todealwith”(处理，解决，对付）。如addresstheissueofterroristunderlying:意为“basic;fundamental”（基础的；基本的erdown:冲淡，掺水，打折cordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetheoryorevolutionistrue? ernmententitiessupportAIBS’sefforttodefendthetheoryofC.AIBSandschoolboardsadvocatetheteachingofthetheoryofD.Thetheoryofevolutionandthatofcreationismco‐existpeacefullyin1.JudithS.Weis,abiologyprofessorwhoserves oftheAmericanInstituteofBiologicalSciences(AIBS.isleadinganationwideeffortto“defend”thetheoryofevolution.WeisleadstheeffortinthefaceofwhattheinstituteviewsasoppositionandindifferencefromschoolboardsoneofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforanoveralllackofteachingDarwin’stheory?TeachingofcreationismdiminishesteachingofTeachersarenotrequiredtoteachDarwin’steachersoftenleaveouttheteachingofDarwin’stheoryisdeniedasthecentraltheoryof2.TheInstitutebelievesthattheteachingofevolutioninAmericaisbeingdiminishedbytheteachingofcreationismaswellasbyanoveralllackofteachingDarwin’stheoryinhighschool./“There’snothingthatrequiresschoolstoteachevolution.Sometimesteachersinhighschoolsjustleaveitout.Howeverfromthepointofviewofbiologists,evolutionisthecentraltheoryofbiologyuponwhicheverythingisbased,”saidWeis.“Unfortunay,teachingevolutionhas eapoliticalissueinmanypartsofthecountryandAIBS,asarepresentativeofbiologists,wantedtobeamajorforcespeakingoutinfavorofitsteaching.”3.AIBS’siscomposedof A.morethan80societiesand250,000B.250,000C.80memberD.morethan250,000membersand80membersaidtheinstituteisworkingtogetherwiththeAmericanGeologicalInstituteandtheNationalAssociationofBiologyTeachersandits80‐plusmemberorganizationstoaddressthepoliticalandlegislativethreatstoteachingevolution.Instateschallengingitsteaching,theinstituterespondsbysendingletterstoschoolboardsandsta egislatures,byprovidingtestimonyatpublicmeetingsandbynotifyingmembersandaffiliatedorganizations.AIBS,withmorethan80membersocietiesand250,000members,hasestablishedansystemenablingscientistsandteachersineachstate,andmembersocieties,tokeepeachotherinformedaboutthreatstoteachingofrdingtoWeisinthe5thparagraph,thetheoryof fundamentaltothedevelopmentofmoderngenetics,molecularbiologyandgenomics.apoliticalbasedongenetics,molecularbiologyandsincreasedourunderstandingofhumanscoveriesingenetics,molecularbiologyandgenomics—allofwhichprovidesignificantbenefitsforhumanhealth—wouldnotbepossiblewithouttheunderlyingknowledgeofevolution.And,Weisadds,“modernmolecularbiologyandgenomicshaveincreasedourunderstandingofhowevolutionworks.”Nonetheless,evolutionremainsapolitically,ifnotscientifically,controversialissue.issaidthatthisyearalone,sevenstateshavehadeitherlocalorstatewideeffortstowaterdowntheteachingofevolution,or“balance”itwiththeteachingofcreationism—areligiousbeliefthatdifferentspecieswerecreatedseparaybyahigherpower,suchasGod.“Rarelydoesanyonenowusetheword‘creationism,’becausethat’stooobvious,”Weissaid.“Thecurrentterminologyis‘inligentdesign.’”Whydopeoplereplacethetermcreationismwiththeterm ligentdesignnowadays?Because“in ligentdesign”representsthemodifiedtheoryofBecausetheybelieveGodcreateddifferentBecausethetermcreationismisbecausethetermcreationismistoo4.Darwin’stheoryofevolutionholdsthatlivingthingschangeandadapttotheirenvironmentandthatpresent‐dayspecies(includinghumanbeings)aredescendedfromearlierspeciesthroughmodificationbynaturalselection.Thetheoryhasbeenacceptedbyscientistsfornearly100years,Weissaid,andhasbeenrefined,extendedandstrengthenedovertheyearsbyfindingsinpaleontologyanddevelopmentalbiology.文章中文翻译捍卫进化论仍必 JudithS.Weis正发动 。 位。神创论是指从上相信物种是由一种更高级A级第45smallBut【小而聪 2. adj.红外 AeronauticsandSpaceAdministration。而无法观察到的天体 theotherrunnersonthelastlap.她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。spectrumoflight:光谱，即光辐射的波长分布区域Browndwarfs:褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它 Browndwarfs8areanotherkindofdeep‐spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars— eanstheyarenotmassiveenoughtojumpstart9thesamekindofreactionsthatpowerstarssuchasthesun.Instead,browndwarfssimplyshrinkandcooldown.They'resodimthatthey'realmostimpossibletoseewithvisiblelight,butintheinfraredspectrumtheyglow.WhatissospecialaboutItissmallinsizebutcarriesalargeItisassmallasaItsdigitalcameracanhelpastronomerstoseetheunknownNeverbeforehas escopecarriedadigitalcamerain1.OnDecember14,NASA1blastedasmallbutmighty intospace.The escopeiscalledWISEandisaboutaswidearoundasatrashcan.Don'tletitssmallsizefoolyou:WISEhasapowerfuldigitalcamera,anditwillbetakingpicturesofsomethewildestobjectsintheknownuniverse,includingasteroids,faintstars,blazinggalaxies3andgiantcloudsofdustwhereplanetsandstarsarebom.“I'mveryexcitedbecausewe'regoingtobeseeingpartsoftheuniversethatwehaven'tseenbefore,”saidNedWright,ascientistwhodirectstheWISEWhichisNOTthesynonymfortheword“snap”inthethirdparagraph?Sincearrivinginspace,theWISEescopehasbeencirclingtheEarth,heldbygravityinapolarorbit4(thismeansitcrossesclosetothenorthandsouthpoleswitheachlap5).Itscameraispointedoutward,awayfromtheEarth,andWISEwillsnapapictureofadifferentpartoftheskyevery11minutes.Aftersixmonthsitwillhavetakenpicturesacrosstheentiresky.Thecameraon isnodifferentfromanordinarydoesnotseeinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameracatchestheinfraredradiationwhiletheordinarycameradoesreflectslightthathumaneyescanThepicturestakenbyWISEwon'tbelikeeverydaydigitalphotographs,however.WISEstandsfor“Wide‐fieldInfraredSurveyExplorer.”Asitsnamesuggests,theWISEcameratakespicturesoffeaturesthatgiveoffinfraredradiation.Wavesofinfraredradiationarelongerthanwavesofvisiblelight,soordinarydigitalcamerasdon'tseethem,andneitherdotheeyesofhumanbeings.Althoughinvisibletotheeye,longerinfraredradiationcanbedetectedaswarmthbytheskin.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaboutaccordingtoparagraph7AsteroidsfloatthroughspacegivingoffvisibleAsteroidsdonotreflectlightthatreachesItisdifficulttotakeasteroids'picturesbyordinaryThe escopecantakepicturesofThat'sakeyideatowhyWISEwillbeabletoseethingsotherescopescan't.Noteverythingintheuniverseshowsupinvisiblelight.Asteroids,forexample,aregiantrocksthatfloatthroughspace—buttheyabsorbmostofthelightthatreachesthem.Theydon'treflectlight,sothey'redifficulttosee.Buttheydogiveoffinfraredradiation,soaninfrared escopelikeWISEwillbeabletoproduceimagesofthem.DuringitsmissionWISEwilltakepicturesofhundredsofthousandsofasteroids.WhatisimpliedinthelastBrowndwarfsgiveoffvisibleBrowndwarfsgiveoffinfraredBrowndwarfsarepowerstarsliketheBrowndwarfsareimpossibletoseewiththe Browndwarfsareanotherkindofdeep‐spaceobjectthatwillshowupinWISE'spictures.Theseobjectsare“failed”stars—whieanstheyarenotma