初中英语 牛津上海版九年级上Unit2知识点及语法点

U2常考短语：papercutting剪纸setoff动身，出发afterdark天黑后，黄昏后allthetime一直，始终upto到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有upanddown起伏，上下波动nomore不再，再也不tie...around拴……在……周围cutout剪成10.intheshapeof以……的形状puton穿上；上演closeto靠近putup张贴apieceof一片，一条afterdark天黑后知识讲解及拓展1usedto&beusedtodoing&beusedtodoUsedtodosth过去常常做某事只用于过去时态Heusedtogotoschoolbybike.Beusedtodoing习惯于可用于过去，现在，将来等时态Heisusedtogoingtoschool.Beusedtodo被用于……可用于任何时态=beusedfordoingEg:1--Howisyourgrandma?--Sheisfine.SheusedtoTVathomeaftersupper.Butnowsheisusedtooutforawalk.Awatch,goBwatching,goCwatching,goingDwatch,going2Bamboocanpaper.AusedtomakeBbeusedmakeCbeusedtomakeDbeusedtomaking2although虽然，尽管与though同义，用来引导让步状语从句。不能与but同时出现在句子中。Although比较正式，常用于句首；though多用于非正式文体，表示强调。Eg:--TheboycanspeakbothEnglishandJapaneseheisonlyten.--Wow,whatacleverboy.AifBbecauseCalthoughfitadj.健壮的，健康的v.合适，侧重于尺寸，大小合适。Tokeepfit,sheeatsalotofvegetablesandfruits.Thiscoatdoesn'tfitme.upto到达，至多有；uptonow到现在为止=bynowHisstorybooksareupto50.setoff出发，动身=setoutTheysetoffatnight.get/bereadyfor为做好准备，beready准备好的Bereadytodosth准备做某事Mothergetsreadyfordinner.Tomisreadyfortheexam.Areyouready?I'mreadytogo.tie...around..栓在周围Thegirltiesascarfaroundherneck.Tieto把系在Hetiedthehorsetoatree.Tieup系好，捆好Pleasetieupyoursafetybelt.stop...fromdoing阻止做=prevent...from=keep...fromTheheavyrainprevented/keptusfromclimbingthemountain.9reach&get&arriveReach及物动词，后直接跟表示地点的名词GetGetto+地点名词；gethere/theArriveArriveat+小地点；arrivein+大地点；可当不及物动词：Hearrived.10hang悬挂，吊悬挂：hang-hung-hung;绞死，吊死：hang-hanged-hanged11throw短语To把扔进Throwaway扔掉throwoff匆匆脱掉throwat向扔去Hethrewastoneintotheriver.Throwawaythoseoldnewspapers.Don'tthrowoffyourcoat.It'scoldoutside.Tomthrewstonesatmydog.12require&needRequire及物动词Requiretobedone;requiredoing;requiresbtodoNeed及物动词Needtodo;needtobedone;needdoing情态动词NeeddoPlantsrequirewateringeveryday.TheyrequirethatIshouldappear.Ineedtobuyanewbike.Theroomneedstobecleaned.Youneedn'tcome.13nomore&nolongerNomore不再常用来修饰非延续性动词，表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作，多指数量上不再程度不再加深。=not...anymoreNolonger不再相当于not...anylonger，在句中起副词作用，用来修饰延续性动词，指某事从时以后不再发生，其时间不再延续。Henomorecomes.Wearenolongerstudents.Heisnomoreastudent.=Heisn'tastudentanymore.mistake错误Makeamistake犯错误bymistake错误地，无意中MistakeAforB把A错认成BHemakesalotofmistakesingrammar.Itookherumbrellabymistake.IoftenmistakeLucyforLily.after&laterAfter介词常用于过去时态，after+—段时间表示某段时间后Later副词常用于过去时或将来时，一段时间+later形容词意为“后来的”，修饰名词Aftertwoyears,hediedinLondon.TomleftforShanghaitwoweekslater.keep短语Keepsb/sth+形容词：使保持;keep+形容词：保持某种状态；keep(sb)doing：不停地做某事Coatswillkeepyouwarm.Weshouldkeepoutschoolcleanandtidy.Theshopkeepsopentwelvehoursaday.Don'tkeeptalking.17名词+尸形容词Health（健康）+y=healthy（健康的）luck（幸运）+y=lucky（幸运的）Ingood/bad/poorhealth健康状况好/不好keephealthy保持健康Forluck为了吉利；badluck倒霉goodluck好运18bemadefrom&bemadeofBemadefrom由……制成；看不出原材料Bemadeof由……制成；看得出原材料Bemadeupof由……组成Bemadeinto被制成••…Bemadein在制造Theymadewinefromrice.Paperismadefromwood.Thehouseismadeofwood,Thedollismadeupoffourparts.19voice&noise&soundVoice嗓音；指喉咙发出的声音Noise噪声Sound泛指切声音一、基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人或物完成的，则用被动语态。二、语态的分类及构成取1.动词的语态有两种：一种是主动语态（主语是动作的执行者），另一种是被动语态（主语是动作的承．受．者．）。2.被动语态的构成:1）助动词be+（not）+（及物动词的）过去分词一般现在时am+过去分词isare一般过去时was+过去分词were一般将来时will+be+过去分词shall现在完成时have+been+过去分词has此时，由助动词be来反映时态的变化，常见有以下八种形式:is现在进行时was过去进行时werewould过去将来时should过去完成时had+being+过去分词+be+过去分词+been+过去分词'2）情态动词+（not）+be+（及物动词的）过去分词当不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。e.g.:Japaneseistaughtinthatschool.（类似warmingup中的“饭吃过了”，英汉说话习惯的相似性）2.当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。2.当需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。e.g.:Herbookwillbebroughttomorrowmorning.J.看图学知识，来发挥你的潜力吧，找到主动变被动语态的小技巧！!Shewatersth£flowE「severyday.TheShewatersth£flowE「severyday.TheflowersJarewatered?byhereveryday.Iboughtacomputerlustterm»问《bought(hyme)lustterm.、.上面例句的小规律：△主动语态变为被动语态的方法：主动语态：主语+谓语动词+宾语（执行者）（承受者）被动语态：主语+be+过去分词（+by+执行者）（承受者）一般省略

你会了吗？所以掌握谓语动词的过去分词形式很重要哦，尤其是那些不规则变形~~water-watered,use-used,stop-stopped,study-studied,do-done,ride-ridden,drive-driven,find-found,build-built,sweep-swept,take-taken,buy-bought,have-had,sing-sung,give-given9AUnit2Exercise(难)I.单项选择()1.Fangfangranthananyotherinherclass.A.farquickly,studentsB.farquickly,studentC.muchmorequickly,studentD.muchmorequickly,students()2.Therearetreesonsidesoftheroad.A.eitherB.eachC.bothD.neither()3.Theyenteredtheroomandfoundhimapicture.A.drawB.todrawC.wasdrawingD.drawing()4.Couldyoutellmethenearestbank?A.howcanIgettoB.howIcangettoC.howgettoD.howtoget()5.I'dliketoknowwhatmypen-friend.A.likelikeB.islikesC.looklikeD.looksA.likelikeB.islikesC.looklikeD.looks()6.Hetoldmethatheacoldforthreedays.A.hasB.hascaughtC.hadhadD.hashad()7.Whenhisnamewascalled,Isawhimfromhisseat.A.roseB.raiseC.raisedD.rise()8.Ireallydon'tknowifhetomorrow.Ifhe,pleasetellme.A.comes,willcomeB.comes,comesC.willcome,comesD.willcome,willcome()9.TheyusuallyhavethetraditionalturkeyChristmasDay.A.fromB.atC.inD.on()10.itwaslateatnight,MrBlackwasstillworking.A.IfB.BecauseC.ThoughD.As()11.Theyhaveonatriproundtheworld.A.takenoffB.setoffC.fallenoffD.turnoff()12.Gooutforawalk,?A.shan'tweB.shallweC.willyouD.willwe()13.Thesedinosaureggsabout95millionyearsago.A.laidB.werelayC.werelaidD.hadlaid()14.,hefelldownandlostthegame.A.SurprisinglyB.SurprisingC.SurprisedD.Tosurprise()15.Theyhadtoputoffthepicnicitrainedheavily.A.soB.sothatC.howeverD.because()16.A:haveyoubeentoHangzhou?B:Onlyonce.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowmanytimesD.Howmuchtime()17.ThepriceofthecolourTVistoo.A.expensiveB.tallC.highD.many()18.Theshoesare.A.toosmallforthemtowearthemB.sosmallthathecan'twearC.bigenoughforhimtowearthemD.sosmallthathecan'twearthem()19.TheconcertnextFriday．A．willbetakenplaceB．willtakeplaceC．takesplaceD．tookplace()20.EverybodywentinfortheraceHelen,Shewastakingofourclothes.A.besides,mindB.except,careC.except,mindD.besides,care词形转换：Asweallknow,(human)areclevererthancomputers.Whatwouldourlifebelikewithout(electric)brain?Mrs.Chenwatchedhergranddaughterplayingonthebeachwithgreat(pleasure).Heoftensuggests(have)abarbecueinthecountrypark.(luck),thesevenastronautsinColumbiaspaceshipcouldn'treturnsafely.Allofthemdied.Hisunclehasenough(know)aboutthesubjecttowriteagoodbook.Computerscan(calculator)veryfast.&Hewas(true)sorryforbeinglateforschool.Iwaslate,soImissedthe(begin)ofthemovie.Studyhardandtryyourbestto(entrance)akeyschool,Tim.△.