钻井工程英语

PAGEPAGE18钻井工程术语termsofwelldrillingengineering（一）、井的基本概念basicconceptofawell井well井口wellhead井底holebottom井壁wellwall环空annulus井深welldepth裸眼openhole井身结构casingprogram（二）、井的类别welltype探井exploratorywell开发井developmentwell直井straightwell（三）、钻井方法drillingmethod顿钻钻井cabletooldrilling旋转钻井rotarydrilling转盘钻井rotarydrilling顶驱钻井topdrivedrilling涡轮钻井turbodrilling螺杆钻井Dyna-drilling电动钻井electricdrilling（四）、钻井种类kindsofdrilling海上钻井offshoredrilling沙漠钻井desertdrilling清水钻井waterdrilling空气钻井airdrilling泡沫钻井foamdrilling雾化钻井mistdrilling平衡压力钻井balancedpressuredrilling欠平衡压力钻井underbalanceddrilling近平衡压力钻井nearbalanceddrilling小井眼钻井smil-holedrilling取心钻井coredrilling工程报废井engineeringabandonedwell钻井设计welldesign钻井工程质量drillingengineeringquality钻井工序drillingprocess钻井进度drillingprogress钻井条件drillingcondition（五）、岩石的物理机械性及可钻性rockphysicalmechanicalpropertiesanddrillability岩石的物理机械性rockmechanicalproperties矿物的微硬度mineralmicrohardness岩石的微硬度rockmicrohardness岩石的硬度rockhardness肖氏岩石硬度Shore’shardness(0--140)史氏岩石硬度Shi’shardness孪晶twinning矿物的弹性模量mineralelasticmodulus岩石的弹性模量rockelasticmodulus矿物的泊松比mineralPoisson’sratio岩石的泊松比rockPoisson’sratio矿物的切变模量mineralshearmodulus岩石的切变模量rockshearmodulus矿物和岩石的体积压缩系数（β）rockandmineralbulkcompressibilitymodulus简单应力条件下岩石的强度rockstrengthundersimplestress复杂应力条件下岩石的强度rockstrengthundercomplexstress岩石的抗拉伸的强度rocktensilestrength岩石的直接拉伸试验directrocktensiletest岩石的巴西劈裂抗拉伸试验rockBraziliantest………..σt=P/(πr0t)岩石的柱形抗内压胀裂试验hollowcylinderbursttest岩石的常规抗压缩强度rockcompressivestrength岩石的捣碎法压缩试验crushingcompressiontestforrock岩石抗压入破碎强度rockfragmentingstrength压模静压入staticimpacttest压力面pressureface等剪应力球面isoshearsphere压模压入岩石时的变形曲线force-penetrationcurve岩石的抗剪切强度rockshearstrengh脆性岩石brittlerock岩石的塑性rockplasticity塑性岩石plasticrock岩石的塑性变形rockplasticdeformation岩层蠕变stratacreep牙轮钻头承压面积bitbearingarea岩石的表面破碎rocksurfacefracture岩石的疲劳破碎rockfatiguefracture岩石的体积破碎rockvolumetricfracture地温梯度geothermalgradient地应力in-situstress岩层的水平侧向应力stratalateralstress岩石的微观结构rockmicro-structure岩石的宏观结构rockmacro-structure岩石的不均匀性rockheterogeneity岩石的各向异性rockanisotropy岩石的可钻性rockdrillability岩石的渗透率rockpermeability岩石研磨性rockabrasiveproperties（六）钻前工程prespudoperation定井位locationdetermination选线routeselection井场wellsite井场布置wellsitearrangement井场道路accessroadatwellsite设备安装equipmentinstallation圆井cellar废泥浆池wastepit;reservepit泥浆罐mudtank钻机基础rigfoundation桩基础pile-supportedfoundation预制基础pre-fabricatedfoundation现浇基础foundationgroutedinsitu钻机基础设计rigfoundationdesign基础安装pe-fabricatedfoundationsetting基础浇筑foundationgrouting挖基坑foundationpitexcavation基础找平foundationlevelling基础养护concretfoundationcuring井架derrick;mast塔形井架pyramidmast自升式井架self-erectionmast前开口式井架cantilevermast桅形井架mast井架结构参数derrickstructuralparameter井架工程高度derricknominalheight井架底尺寸derrickbasesize二层台工程高度monkeyboardnominalheight井架大门高度v-doorheight井架构件derrickmember井架大腿derrickleg底板bottomplate横杆girt斜杆brace联接板connectionangleplate操作台workingplatform指梁fingerboard二层台rackingplatform;monkeyboard三层台auxillaryrackingplatform天车台rownsafetyplatform;crownrunaround天车台人字架ginpole立管台standpipeboard井架绷绳derrickguyline绷绳锚guylineanchor;deadman扶梯ladder钻台derrickfloor立根盒pipesetback;setback井架大门v-door绞车大门drawworkswindowopening挡风墙windwall塔形井架安装pyramidderrickstanding运井架derrickmemberstransportation整理井架ripspotting穿钢丝绳stringingup;stringup起天车crownblockhoisting放天车crownblockdismounting高空作业手erectorworkhighaboveround自升井架安装erectionofself-erectionmast组装井架mastassembling井架支架mastbracket起升井架mastraising起升绳raisingline底座人字架A-frameofsubstructure井架调节装置balance-adjustingdeviceofmast井架缓冲器mastdamper整拖井架skid-mountedderrick钻机整体拖运rigskidding校正井架derrickaligning机泵房engine-pumphousing钻井队野营房drillingcrewmobilecamp扒杆cantileverginpole吊臂cantilever座板bottomplate底滑轮bottomsheave臂顶滑轮cantilevertopsheave变幅滑轮cantilevertosheave起重钢丝绳hoistingline变幅钢丝绳amplitudeline井架安装车A-frametruck尖柄吊扳手cuspatespanner静力触探车truck-mountedstaticprobedetector（七）、钻头选择和使用bitselectionandapplication钻头选型bitselection钻头检查bitinspecion钻头使用寿命bitlife钻头合理起钻时间reasonabletimetopullthebit钻头过度使用overusesofbit钻头正常磨损bituniformwear钻头异常磨损bitunfavorablewear钻头过度磨损bitexcessivewear牙轮钻头轴承失效bitbearingfailure钻头磨损分析bitdullnessanalysis牙齿的磨损分级toohdullnessgrading轴承磨损分级bearingweargrading钻头直径磨损bitgagewear钻头磨损特征dullbitappearance牙齿折断toothbreakage牙齿脱落lostteeth牙齿磨损toothwear牙轮掉落conelossing牙轮破裂conecracking牙轮互咬coneinterference牙轮冲蚀cone-shellerosion牙轮旷动coneshaking牙轮卡死conelocked轴承密封失效bearingsealfailure钻头直径磨小bitgaugewear喷嘴脱落nozzlelossing水眼螺纹刺坏threadpuncture水眼刺坏watercoursepuncture喷嘴刺坏nozzlepuncture喷嘴堵塞nozzleplugging中心磨损严重bitcentercoredout巴掌断落shirttailbroking巴掌破裂shirttailbroking巴掌尖磨损严重shirt-tailseverelywornout钻头泥包bitballing井底落物损坏damagefromforeignmaterial（八）喷射钻井jetdrilling喷射钻井jetdrilling射流jetflow淹没非自由射流submergednonfreejet冲击射流impactjet气蚀射流（空化射流）cavitationjet脉冲射流pulsedjet磨料射流abrasivejet射流水力参数jethydraulic射流喷速jetvelocity射流冲击力jetimpactforce射流水功率jethydraulichorsepower射流的极点jetstagnationpoint射流的速度分布jetvelocitydistribution射流的初始段flowdevelopmentregion射流的基本段fullydevelopedflowregion射流扩散角和扩散系数jetspeedangleandspeedcoefficient射流等速核jetpatentialcore漫流crossflow漫流速度crossflowvelocity射流速度降低系数jetvelocityattenuationcoefficient射流动压力jetdynamicpressure射流动压力降低系数jetdynamicpressureattenuationcoefficient喷射距离jetreach净化井底bottom-holecleaning钻头水力参数bithydraulic钻头压降bitnozzlepressure-drop钻头压降系数（Kb）bitpressuredropfactor钻头水功率bithydraulichorse-power钻头比水功率bitspecifichydraulichorsepower喷嘴nozzle喷嘴流道nozzlepassageways喷嘴流量系数nozzleflowratecoefficient等速梯形喷嘴iso-velocitygradientnozzle流线形喷嘴streamlinednozzle脉冲喷嘴pulsednozzle加长喷嘴extended-nozzle喷嘴水力特性nozzlehydraulicproperty喷嘴结构nozzleconfiguration喷嘴组合nozzlecombination单喷嘴singlenozzle双喷嘴twonozzle不等径组合喷嘴unequal-diameternozzle反喷嘴inversenozzle喷射角impactangle喷嘴装置nozzlearrangement喷嘴当量直径nozzleequivalentdiameter不等径喷嘴最佳直径比值optimumdiameterratioofunequaldiameternozzles钻井液循环系统drillingfluidcirculatingsystem循环压耗系数circulatingpressurelosscoefficient循环压耗circulatingpressureloss临界压耗criticalpressureloss环空压耗annuluspressureloss地面管汇压耗pressurelossesinsurfaceequipment地面管汇surfaceequipment钻井水力学drillinghydraulic钻井液流态drillingfluidflowpattern平板层流flatlaminarflow塞流plugflow管流pipeflowZ值Zvalue平板度判别准数flatplatelevelcriterion喷射钻井的工作方式workingregimeofjetdrilling最大钻头水功率工作方式maximumbithorse-powerworkingregime最大射流冲击力工作方式maximumjetimpactforceregime最大射流喷速工作方式maximumjetvelocityworkingregime经济水功率工作方式economichydraulichorse-powerregime最优钻井液流量optimumflowrateofdrillingfluid最优喷嘴直径optimumnozzlediameter临界井深和极限井深criticalandlimitedwelldepth钻井泵的工作状态drillingpumpworkingregime钻井泵的最大流量工作状态（额定功率工作状态）drillingpumpmaximumflowrateregime钻井泵的调节流量工作状态（允许压力工作状态）drillingpumpmaximumregulatedflowrateregime钻井泵的临界工作条件drillingpumpcriticalworkingcondition钻井泵的额定压力drillingpumpratedpressure钻井泵的额定流量drillingpumpratedflowrate钻井泵的额定冲数drillingpumpratedpumpingspeed钻井泵的最大输出功率drillingpumpmaximumdischarge钻井泵的特性曲线pumpcharateristics钻井泵的临界特性曲线pumpcriticalcharacteristic钻井泵效率pumpmechanicalefficiency钻井泵水功率利用率pumphydraulicpowerutilizationefficiency钻井泵压力有用分配比值pumppressuredistributionratio能量转换效率energyconversionefficiency井底岩面bottomholepatterns携带岩屑cuttingcarrying岩屑运移比cuttingtransportratio环空岩屑浓度cuttingconcentrationinannulus排屑量cuttingremovalrate排屑能力liftingcapacity岩屑上返速度cuttingrisingvelocity最低钻井液环空返速minimumdrillingfluidannularvelocity最优环空返速optimumannularvelocity流变性rheologicalproperty流变曲线rheological流变参数rheologicalparameter稠度系数consistencyfactor流性指数flowbehaviorindex牛顿内摩擦定律Newtonˊslawofviscosity……………….F=μ.A.(du/dy)流变模型rheologicalmodel牛顿流型newtonianfluidmodel非牛顿流型non-Newtonianfluidmodel宾汉塑性流型Bingham-plasticfluidmodel幂律流型Powerlawfluidmodel假塑性流体pseudoplasticfluid膨胀性流体dilatantfluid触变性流体thixotropicfluid震凝性流体rheopecticfluid赫兹数Hedstromnumber雷诺数Reynold’snumber临界雷诺数criticalReynold’snumber颗粒particleReynold’snumber范宁方程Fanningequation范宁磨阻系数FanningfrictioncoefficentStanton图Stantondiagram绝对粗糙度absoluteroughness相对粗糙度relativeroughness钻井液黏附常数drillingfluidclingingconstant惯性效应incrtiaeffect偏心环空eccentricannulus环空偏心度annuluseccentricity颗粒滑落速度particleslipvelocity颗粒的自由滑落末速particleterminalsettingvelocity相壁效应walleffect井底流畅bottom-holeflowfield不对称井底流畅unsymmetricbottomholeflowfield对称井底流畅symmetricbottomholeflowfield喷射钻井水力参数设计jetdrillinghydraulicprogram水力破岩rockcuttingbyhydraulicpower水力和机械联合破岩combinedrock-cuttingbyhydraulicandmechanicalpower水力可钻性曲线hydraulicdrillabilitycurve(九)优化钻井optimizeddrilling优化钻井技术optimumdrillingtechnique钻井可控参数controllabledrillingparameter钻井不可控参数controllabledrillingparameter钻井目标函数penetrationobjectivefunction优选钻井参数optimizingdrillingparameter最优磨损量optimumwear最优钻压optimumbitweight最优转速optimumrotaryspeed钻进过程的数学模型mathematicalmodelfordrillingprocedure目标函数模式objectivefuntionmodel钻进成本模式drillingcostmodel钻进速度模式drillingcostmodel二元钻速方程bivariatedrillingrateequation多元钻速方程multi-variatedrillingrateequation扬氏钻速模式Young’sdrillingratemodel修正扬氏模式modifiedYoung’smodel牙齿磨速模式toothwearequation轴承磨速模式bitbearingwearequation压差影响系数differentialpressuredrillingparameter水力参数影响系数hydraulicdrillingparameters比水功率转换系数conversioncoefficientofspecifichydraulicpower齿高磨损比值toothheightwearratio牙齿最终磨损量finaltoothwear钻压影响系数bitweightinfluencecoefficient转速影响系数rotaryspeedinfluencecoefficient牙齿磨损减慢系数toothwearinfluencecoefficient轴承磨损量bearingwear进尺效果系数drillingfootageeffectcoefficient钻头理论寿命theoreticalbitlife钻头寿命系数coefficientofbitlife钻头理论进尺theoreticalbitfootage极限磨损量limitwear五点法钻速试验“fivespot”drillofftest释放钻压法releasingbitweightmethod门限钻压thresholdbitweight钻压指数bitweightexponent转速指数rotaryspeedexponent最大允许钻压maximumallowableweightonbit水力临界钻速和水力临界钻压drillingrateandweightonbitundercriticalhydraulies钻速系数penetrationratefactor地层研磨性系数formationabrasivenessfactor牙齿磨损系数toothwearcoefficient轴承工作系数bearingworkingcoefficient钻进成本—工时曲线drillingcostvsworkingtimecurve（十）、钻柱、钻井工具及仪表drillstring、drillingtoolandinstrumentation钻具drillingtool方钻杆kelly钻杆drillpipe铝合金钻杆aluminiumdrillpipe加重钻杆heavywalldrillpipe钻铤drillcollar螺旋钻铤spiraldrillcollar接头joint(sub)配合接头closeoversub钻杆接头drillpipetooljoint水龙头接头swiveltooljoint方钻杆保护接头kellysaversub钻具组合drillstringassembly钻柱drillstem复合钻柱combinationstring满眼钻具packedholeassembly塔式钻具tapereddrillstring钟摆钻具pendulumassembly钻柱压曲pipehelicalbuckling切点tangencypoint临界钻压criticalweightonbit钻柱运动方式drillstringmotionpattern钻柱受力分析drillstringforceanalysis钻柱拉应力drillstringtensilestress钻柱剪应力drillstringshearstress钻柱的工作状态drillingstringworkingstatus钻柱静拉设计drillstringstatictensiledesign拉力余量overpullmargin钻杆允许下深drillpiperateddepth上紧扭矩makeuptorque最佳上紧扭矩optimummakeuptorque钻杆表面缺陷drillpipeamper-fection大钳伤痕tongmark卡瓦伤痕slipmarking地层和井内金属碎屑的切割伤痕notchingbyformationandjunk井下三器threedownholetools稳定器（扶正器）stabilizer减振器shockabsorber震击器jar井口工具rigtool大钳tong吊卡elevatorslip卡瓦slip安全卡瓦safetyclamps提升短节liftsub钻头装卸器bitbreake指重表weightindicator自动记录仪autographicmeter转盘扭矩表rotarytabletorqueindicator多参数仪muti-parameteranalyzer综合录井仪mudloggingunit（十一）、取心钻井coredrilling取心coring岩心core破碎地层fracturedformation松散地层unconsolidatedformation树心coreshaping割心corecutting中途割心medium-termcorebreaking套心pickinguplostcore密闭取心液coresealingfluid钻井取心coredrilling转盘钻取心rotarydrillingcoring井底动力钻取心downholemotorcoring井壁取心sidewallcoring取心方法coringmethod常规取心conventionalcorings短筒取心shortbarrelcoring中筒取心mediumbarrelcoring长筒取心longbarrelcoring大斜度井取心highly-deviatedwellcoring水平井取心horizontalcoring绳索式取心wirelinecoring特殊取心specialcorings密闭取心sealingcoring保压取心pressure-retainedcoring定向取心orientedcoring取心工具coringtool自锁式取心工具self-locktypecoringtool加压式取心工具load-typecoringtool砂卡式取心工具sand-jammedcoringtool定向井取心工具directionalwellcoringtool多用途取心工具multi-purposecoringtool反循环取心工具thruoutsideventtrersecirculationcoringtool橡胶套取心工具rubbersleevecoringtool金属丝套取心工具metalwiresleevecoringtool密闭取心工具sealedcoringtool保压取心工具pressure-tetainedcoringtool定向取心工具orientedcoringtool取心工具的主要部件coringtoolmainpart取心安全接头corngsafetyjoint旋转总成swivelassembly;bearingassembly悬挂接头hangingjoint轴承盒bearingretainer泻压球pressurefeliefpllug岩心筒稳定器corebarrelstabilizer岩心筒corebarrel内岩心筒innercorebarrel外岩心筒outercorebarrel支撑节supportsub机械加压接头mechanicalloadingjoint岩心爪corecatcher卡箍岩心爪corecatherwithslip-collar压缩式岩心爪compression-typecorecatcher卡板岩心爪corecatcherwithslipslab卡瓦岩心爪corecatcherwithslip篮式岩心爪corebasket全封闭岩心爪fullclosurecorecatcher钻头端轴承bitendbearing取心工具辅助件accessarycoringcomponent取心钻头装卸器coringbitbreaker岩心钳coretong取球器ballpick-uptool间隙尺clearancegouge岩心标（引心套）coremarker取心提升短节coringhandlingsub取心质量指标coringqualityindexs岩心收获率corerecoverypercentage岩心长corerecoverypercentage取心进尺footagecored单筒取心进尺footagecoredperbarrel平均单筒取心进尺averagefootagecoredperbarrel岩心密闭率coresealingpercentage岩心保压率pressure-retainedcorepercentage照相成功率photographsuccesspercentage岩心定向成功率coreorientationsuccesspercentage卡心jarmmedcore堵心blockedcore磨心coregrinding外环隙outerannulusclearance中环隙middleannulusclearance内环隙innerannulusclearance轴向间隙axialclearance爪心环隙corecatcherannulusclearance取心钻头口径比corebitID/IO(十二)、钻进工艺drillingtechniques钻进drillingtechniques钻进技术drillingtechnique钻进参数drillingparameter钻压weightonbit单位钻头直径钻压weightonbitperunitlengthbitdiameter比钻压specificweightonbit悬重和钻重freehangingweihtandhookloadwhiledrillng大钩载荷hookload转速rotaryspeed流量flowrate钻进扭矩（瞬时）torquewhiledrillng钻进最大扭矩maximumtorquewhiledrillng中性截面neutralcross–section稳定力stabilizingpower开钻spudin完钻drilledwell送钻feedoff方入和方余kelly–inandkelly–up进尺penetrtionfootage行程钻速roundtrippenetrationrate钻时drillingtime机械钻速penetrationrate钻时drillingtime划眼redressing倒划眼backredressing扩眼reaming;underream蹩钻bitbouncing跳钻bitjumping停钻stopdrilling顿钻drillstringfreefall溜钻drillstringnotwellbraked打倒车reverserotation通井wipertrip放空drillingbreak吊打easingthebitin纠斜holestraihtening钻水泥塞drillout钻开油气层drillin缩经tighthole井经扩大holeenlargement单根single双根double替根alternatingpipe吊单根pickingupsingle接单根makingaconnection起下钻rountrip短起下钻shorttirp起钻错扣alternatingbreaksundertripoutcondition倒换钻具swechingwithinstrings活动钻具drillstringmovement-rexciprocationVS.rotation甩钻具breakdown换钻头bitchanging灌钻井液fillinthehole起空车runningwithemptyblocks穿大绳stringupdrillingline倒大绳stringandoutoffdrillingline快绳fastline死绳deadline鼠洞rathole小鼠洞mousehole拉猫头catlinepulling钻具刺穿washout蹩泵pumpchokingup循环钻井液circulatingdrillingfluid地面循环surfacecirculation地质循环ciculatingforgeologicobservation循环周circulationcircle处理钻井液drillingfluidtreatment司钻操作台driller`sconsole井史wellhistory钻井日报表dailydrillingreport钻井班报表tourreport钻井液班报表drillingfluidtourreport钻头记录bitrecord钻具记录drillingstringrecord（十三）、定向钻井directionaldrilling定向井directionalwell丛式井clusterwell救援井reliefwell多底井muti-borewell多目标定向井muti-targetdirectionalwell大斜度井（60—86）highanglewell水平井（86—）horizontalwell斜直井slanthole井眼轨道welltrajectory靶心target靶区targetarea靶区半径radiusofthetargetarea设计总水平位移plannedtotalorientaldisplacement设计总垂深plannedtruetotalveticaldepth设计方位plannedtargetbearing造斜点kickoffpoint最大井斜角maximuminclinationangle造斜工具diflectionangle定向器whiostock弯接头bentsub井底动力钻具（井底马达）doenholemotor涡轮钻具turbodrill螺杆钻具positivedisplacementmudmotor连续导向动力钻具组合steerabledownholemotorassembly定向接头orientationsub无磁钻铤nonmagneticdrkllcollar变向器rebeltool承压钻杆compressiveservicepipe电缆侧入接头side-entrusub高压循环头highpressurecirculatinghead定向orientation定向下钻orientedgo-in扭方位correctionrun工具面toolface工具面角toolfaceangle装置角toolfacesettingangle动力钻具反扭角reactivetorqueofthemudmotor井眼方位漂移bitwalk提前角leadangle装置角图解法regelanddiagram造斜kickoff增斜buikdup稳斜inclinationholdingangle降斜dropoff连续导向钻井系统steerabledrillingsystemin井斜变化率inclinationchangerate方位变化率azimuthchangerate全角变化率overallchangerate造斜率builduprate钻头倾角bittiltangle侧钻sidetrack裸眼侧钻anopenholesidetracking套管开窗侧钻cssingsidetracking切割套管侧钻casingmilledsidetracking单点测斜仪singlesurveyinstrument磁性单点照相测斜仪magneticsingleshotsurveyinstrument磁性多点照相测斜仪magneticmutipleshotsurveyinstrument陀螺单点照相测斜仪singleshotorientationsystem陀螺多点照相测斜仪gyroscopicmuti-shotorientationsystem地面自动记录陀螺测斜仪surfacerecordinggyroscopicsystem有线随钻测斜仪wirelinesteeringtool无线随钻测斜仪（MWD）messurementwhiledillingsystem井斜角inclinationangle方位角azimuthangle测深measureddepth垂深veticaldepth测点surveypoint陀螺定向gyro-orientatin(GO)陀螺漂移gyro-drift曲率半径法radiusofcurvaturemethod最小曲率法minimumcurvaturemethod井身垂直投影图boreholeverticalprofile井身水平投影图boreholeprofile水平位移（闭合距）closuredisplacement:horizontaldisplacement视平移verticalsectiondisplacement闭合方位角closureazimuth靶心距off-targetdistance（十四）、钻井液及完井液drillingandcompletiondrillingfluid钻井液drillingfluid钻井液分类drillingfluidclassification钻井液体系drillingfluidsystem不分散钻井液体系non-disperseddrillingfluidsystem分散钻井液体系disperseddrillingfluidsystem钙处理钻井液体系calcium-treateddrillingsystem聚合物钻井液体系polymerdrillingfluidsystem常规钻井液体系conventionaldrillingfluidsystem阳离子聚合物钻井液cationicpolymerdrillingsystem低固相钻井液体系low-solidsdrillingfluidsystem盐水钻井液体系salinedrillingfluidsystem饱和盐水钻井液saturedsaltwaterdrillingsystem盐水钻井液saltwaterdrillingfluid完井及修井液体系completionandworkoverfluidsystem油基钻井液体系oil-basedrillingfluidsystem反乳化钻井液体系invertedemulsiondrillingfluid低胶质油基钻井液low-collodaloil-basedrillingfluid气体钻井流体体系airdrillingfluidsystem干气（钻井流体）dryairdrillingfluid雾化钻井流体mistdrillingfluid稳定泡沫stablefoam充气钻井液aerateddrillingfluid抑制性钻井液inhabitivedrillingfluid混油钻井液oil-beardrillingsystem开钻泥浆spudmud钾基石灰钻井液potassium-limedrillingfluid无粘土钻井液clay-freedrillingsystem加重钻井液weighteddrillingfluid未加重钻井液non-weighteddrillingfluid修井液workoverdrillingfluid清洁盐水cleanbrine活性水activewater清扫液sweepfluid钻井液性能drillingfluidpropertied滤失性filtrateqalities滤失量filtratelosssAPI滤失量（FL）APIfiltrateloss高温高压滤失量HTHPfiltrateloss动滤失量dynamicfiltrateloss静滤失量staticfiltrateloss瞬时滤失量spurtloss滤饼filtratecake滤饼厚度filtercakethickness滤饼强度cakeconsistency内泥饼interiorcake泥饼摩擦系数cakefricatinalcoefficient钻井滤液drillingfluidfiltrate滤液钾基橙碱度filtratemethylorangealkalinity滤液酚酞碱度（pf）filtrate(pf)phenolphthaleinalkalinity钻井液酚酞碱度mud(pm)phenolphthaleinalkalinity钻井液粘度drillingfluidviscosity漏斗粘度funnelviscosity剪切速率shearrate剪切应力shearstressAPI表观粘度（AV）APIapprentviscosity朔性粘度（PV）plasticviscosity动切力（YP）yeildpoint动朔比yeildpoint-plasticviscosityratio切力gelstrength初切力initialgelstrength终切力finalgelstrength触变性thixotropy剪切降粘shearthinning当量循环密度equivalentcirculatingdensity钻井液密度drillingfluiddensity固体含量solidcontent悬浮固体含量suspendedsolidcontent含砂量sandcontent膨润土含量bentonitecontent含盐量saltcontent含油量oilcontent含气量gascontent钻井液污染drillingfluidcontamination固相污染solidcontamination粘土侵claycontaminating砂侵sandcontaminating盐污染saltcontamination钙污染calciumcontamination石灰侵limecontaminating石膏侵gypsumcontaminating碳酸盐污染carbonatecontamination硫化氢污染hydrgonsulfidecontamination气侵gascontaminating细菌污染bacateriacontamination钻井液润滑性drillingfluidlubricity钻井液电稳定性drillingfluidstability钻井液均化drillingfluidtighteningup钻井液老化drillingfluidageing固相控制solidcontrol钻屑cutting砂sand泥silt胶体粒子colloidalpartical稀释法dilutionmethod置换法displacementmethod底流排量bottomflowrate底流密度bottomflowdensity伞状流sparydischarge造浆率yield页岩稳定指数shalestabilityindex钻井液设计drillingfluiddesign钻井液配方drillingfluidformulation配浆drillingfluidprepatation钻井液混合设备drillingfluidmixingequipment钻井液测试设备drillingfluidtestingmethodandinstrument泥浆密度计mudscale马氏漏斗marshfunnel直读式旋转粘度计direct-indicatorviscometer范式粘度计Fann’sviscometer范50型粘度计Fann-50viscometer毛细管粘度计capillaryviscometer切力计shearometer滤失仪filterpressAPI滤失仪APIfilterpress高温高压失水仪 HTHPfilterpress含砂量计sand-contentset电稳定性测定仪electicalstabilitymeter钻井液蒸馏器drillingfluidretort电阻率计sesistivitymeter滚子加热炉rolleroven钻井液润滑仪drillingfluidlbricitytester钻井液处理剂drillingfluidadditivesPH控制剂pHcontroladditives杀菌剂biocides除钙剂calciumremovers缓蚀剂corrosioninhibitor消泡剂dfoamers乳化剂emulsifiers堵漏材料lostcirculationmaterials絮凝剂flocculants润滑剂lubricant降滤失剂filtratereducers;fluidlossreducers防泥包剂ballinginhibitor极压润滑剂extreme-pressurelubricant摩阻降低剂fricitionreducer解卡剂pipe-freeingagent页岩拟抑剂shale-controlagent表面活性剂surfactant降粘剂thinner解絮剂deflocculant分散剂dispersant增粘剂viscosifier膨润土bentonite未处理膨润土untreatedbentonite凹凸棒石attapulgite海泡石sepiolite有机土prganophilicclay预水化膨润土pre-hydnatedbentoniteslurry粘土增效剂clayextender增效膨润土extendedbentonite高造降率般土highyeildbentonite加重材料weightingmaterials温度稳定剂temperaturestabilzingagent钻井液踪剂drillingfluidtracer钻井液常规处理drillingfluidroutineprocess钻井液转化处理drillingfluidbreakoverprocess原浆rawmud基浆basemud;basicmud聚集作用aggregation聚集体aggregate絮凝作用flocculation絮凝物flocculate解絮作用deflocculation解胶作用peptization聚合物polymer生物降解biodegradation聚电解质polyelectrolyte聚阴离子polyanion聚阳离子polycation两性聚电解质amphotericpolyelectrolyte酸败souring(十五)、油气井压力控制wellpressurecontrol钻井液柱压力hydrostaticpressure地层破裂压力formationfracturepressure压力当量密度pressureequivalentdensity地层压力检测porepressureprediction正常地层空隙压力趋势线normalporepressuretrendline地震层速度法seismicreflectionmethod声波时差法intervaltraveltimemethod机械钻速法penetrationratemethodd指数法d-exponentmethoddc指数法（修正的d指数法）dc-exponentmethod标准化钻速法normalizeddrillingratemethod页（泥）岩密度法shaledensitymethod溢流观测法takeakick气测录井法gaslog氯化物检测法chloridelog钻井液录井法drillingfluidlog出口温度检测法return-linetemperaturedetection出口温度flow-linetemperature井底循环温度bottom-holecirculatingtemperature井底静止温度bottom-holestatictemperature化石资料法paleo-information测井检测法wireinglog地层破裂压力预报方法fromationfraturepressureprediction漏失试验法leak-offtest黄氏法（黄荣樽）Huang’smethod钻井液当量循环密度equivalentcirculatingdensity井底循环压力bottom-holecirculatingpressure井底静止压力bottom-holestaticpressure附加压力tripmargin当量深度equivalentdepth钻柱排代量drillstringdisplacement激动压力surgepressure抽汲压力swabpressure气体上窜gaschannelling溢流、井涌kick甲烷溢流methanekick硫化氢溢流hydrogensulfidekick预警时间warningtime井喷wellblowout地下井喷undergroundblowout井喷失控out-of-controlblowout循环池液体增量pitgain压力过渡带pressuretransitionzone压井wellkilling关井shut-in硬关井“hard”shut-in软关井“soft”shut-in压井方法killmethod工程师法（等候加重法）engineerˊsmethod司钻法（二次循环法）drillingˊsmethod边加重边循环concurrentmethod空井压井topkill(volumetric)置换式压井法displacementmethod反循环压井reservecirculatetokill戴帽子压井法hattingkillwellmethod下封隔器压井killingbybottomholepacker节流循环circulatingbyadjustablechoke防喷设备和工具blowoutcontrolequipmentanddevices防溢管bellnipple钻井液流量计drillingfluidflowmeter泵冲数计pump-strokecounter真空除气器vacuumtypedegasser硫化氢检测仪hydrogensulfidedetector灌钻井液灌triptank井喷失控的处理out-of-controlblowoutsolutions抢装井口installingcontrolequipmentatwellhead扣装法抢装井口wellheadbuckling-up-installing翻转法抢装井口wellheadturning-up-installing整体吊装法抢装井口entirewellheadinstalling换井口套管leakingcasingreplacement油气井灭火方法oilwellfireextinguishing喷射水流灭火法jetextinguishingmethod爆炸灭火法explosiveextinguishingmethod化学灭火法chemicalagentextinguishingmethod空气灭火法pressurizedairextinguishingmethod(十六)、钻井事故及处理drillingaccidentsandtreatments钻井井下事故downholedrillingaccident卡钻pipesticking泥包卡钻balling-upsticking砂桥卡钻sandbridgesticking沉砂卡钻solidssettlingsticking键槽卡钻keyseatsticking垮塌卡钻sloghingholesticking压差卡钻differentialpressuresticking小井眼卡钻undergaugeholesticking缩径卡钻formationexpandingsticking顿钻卡钻drillstringfree-fallsticking落物卡钻junkinholesticking水泥卡钻cementjunk落物事故junkaccident钻具事故drillingstemaccident断钻具drillingstembreaking断套管casingbreaking掉钻具drillpipefalling掉套管casingfalling落鱼fish鱼顶fishtop鱼顶井深fishtopdepth鱼长fishlength鱼底井深fish-bottomdepth井喷事故blowoutaccident顿钻事故drillstringfall溜钻事故not-wellbrakewhiledrillstring滑扣threadslipping脱扣twist-off井下事故处理工具oilwellfishingtools落物打捞工具junkfishingtool强磁打捞器fishingmagnet反循环打捞篮reversecirculationjunkbasketwithmagnetinsert钢丝打捞筒junkbasketwithwirelinecatcher一把抓poorboyjunkbasket;devil’shand打捞杯bootbasket钻具打捞工具drillingstringcatchingtools卡瓦打捞筒releasingandcirculatingovershot打捞矛fishingspear公锥tapertap母锥boxtap引子接头leadingjoint解卡工具pipefreeingtools测卡车freepointindicatortruck爆炸系统stringshotassembly测卡车井口工具wellheadtoolforfreepointandindicatortruck防喷盒linewiper钻杆旋转工具drillrodrotatingdevices钻杆旋转头drillrodrotationhead三通接头three-wayconnector震击工具impacttool随钻震击器drillingjar超级上击器superdrillingjar闭式下击器lubricatedfishingbumpersub套铣工具washovertool铣鞋rotaryshoe套铣管washoverpipe打捞套铣工具washoverbackoffconnector机械式内割刀mechaneticintercutter水力式外割刀hydraaulicexternalcutter化学切割工具chemicalcuttools爆炸切割工具jetcuttools磨铣工具mil