2016年六级真题及答案解析

2016年6月英语六级真题PartIWriting（30minutes）Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheuseofrobots.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenmoreandmorerobotstaketheplaceofhumanbeingsinindustryaswellaspeople'sdailylives。Youarerequriedtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words。PartIIListeningComprehension（30minutes）SectionADirections:Inthissection，youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation，youwillhearfourquestions。Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B），C)andD)。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1。A）ProjectorganizerB)Publicrelationsofficer。C)Marketingmanager。D)Marketresearchconsultant.2。A)Quantitativeadvertisingresearch.B)Questionnairedesign.C）Researchmethodology.D)Interviewertraining。3.A)Theyareintensivestudiesofpeople’sspendinghabits.B)Theyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandcustomers.C)Theylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteproducts.D)Theystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiod。4。A)Thelackofpromotionopportunity。B)Checkingchartsandtables。C）Designingquestionnaires.D)Thepersistentintensity。Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5。A）HisviewonCanadianuniversities。B)Hisunderstandingofhighereducation.C）Hissuggestionsforimprovementsinhighereducation。D)HiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanuniversities.6.A）Itiswelldesigned。B)Itisratherinflexible.C）Itvariesamonguniversities。D)Ithasundergonegreatchanges。7。A）TheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachother。B）Publicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateuniversities。C)Everyoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohighereducation。D）Privateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanpublicinstitutions。8.A）Universitysystemsvaryfromcountrytocountry。B)Efficiencyisessentialtouniversitymanagement.C）Itishardtosaywhichisbetter，apublicuniversityoraprivateone。D)ManyprivateuniversityintheU.S。Areactuallylargebureaucracies。SectionBDirections:Inthissection，youwillheartwopassages。Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA），B），C)andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard。9。A)Government’sroleinresolvinganeconomiccrisis。B）TheworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheworldC)IndicationsofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates。D）Theimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeople’slife。10.A)Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployees’wages。B)Theywillfeelfreetochoosethemostsuitableemployees.C）Theywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessoperations。D)Theywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirrivals。11。A）Employeesandcompaniescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomiccrisis.B)Governmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatehobsfortheunemployed.C)Employeesworkshorterhourstoavoidlayoffs.D)Teamworkwillbeencouragedincompanies。Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A）Whethermemorysupplementswork。B）Whetherherbalmedicineworkswonders.C）Whetherexerciseenhancesone’smemory.D)Whetheramagicmemorypromisessuccess。13.A）Theyhelptheelderlymorethantheyoung。B）Theyarebeneficialinonewayoranother.C)Theygenerallydonothavesideeffects.D)Theyarenotbasedonrealscience。14.A)Theyareavailableatmostcountryfairs.B)Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage。C)Theyarecollectedorgrownbyfarmers.D）Theyareprescribedbytrainedpractitioners。15.A）Theyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpfulasdoingmentalexercise.B）Takingthemwithothermedicationsmightentailunnecessaryrisks.C)Theireffectlastsonlyashorttime。D)Manyhavebenefitedfromthem。SectionCDirections:Inthissection，youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions。Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce。Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B）,C)andD）。ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16。A）Howcatastrophicnaturaldisastersturnouttobetodevelopingnations。B)HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationstudiesnaturaldisasters。C）Howpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturaldisasters。D）Howthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbereduced。17.A）Bytrainingrescueteamsforemergencies.B)Bytakingstepstopreparepeopleforthem。C）Bychangingpeople'sviewsofnature。D）Byrelocatingpeopletosaferplaces。18。A）Howpreventiveactioncanreducethelossoflife.B）HowcourageousCubansareinfaceofdisasters。C)HowCubanssufferfromtropicalstorms.D）Howdestructivetropicalstormscanbe。Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)PaybacktheirloanstotheAmericangovernment。B)Provideloanstothoseinseverefinancialdifficulty。C）Contributemoretothegoalofawiderrecovery。D)Speeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingbubble.20。A）Somebanksmayhavetomergewithothers。B）Manysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtofail。C)Itwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreloans。D）Manybankswillhavetolayoffsomeemployees.21。A）Itwillworkcloselywiththegovernment.B）Itwillendeavortowriteoffbadloans.C）Itwilltrytolowertheinterestrate.D)Itwilltrytoprovidemoreloans。22.A)Itwon’thelptheAmericaneconomytoturnaround.B）Itwon’tdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialbanks.C)ItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaadministration.D）Itwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23。A)Beingunabletolearnnewthings.B）Beingratherslowtomakechanges。C)Losingtempermoreandmoreoften。D）Losingtheabilitytogetonwithothers。24。A)Cognitivestimulation。B）Communityactivity.C)Balanceddiet.D)Freshair.25。A)Ignoringthesignsandsymptomsofaging。B）Adoptinganoptimisticattitudetowardslife。C)Endeavoringtogiveupunhealthylifestyles.D)Seekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetotime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection，thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices。Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce。Pursuingacareerisanessentialpartofadolescentdevelopment.“Theadolescentbecomesanadultwhenhe_26_arealjob。”TocognitiveresearcherslikePiaget，adulthoodmeantthebeginningofan_27_.Piagetarguedthatonceadolescentsentertheworldofwork，theirnewlyacquiredabilitytoformhypothesesallowsthemtocreaterepresentationsthataretooideal.The_28_ofsuchideals,withoutthetemperingoftherealityofajoborprofession，rapidlyleadsadolescentstobecome_29_ofthenon—idealisticworldandtopressforreforminacharacteristicallyadolescentway。Piagetsaid：“Trueadaptationtosocietycomes_30_whentheadolescentreformerattemptstoputhisideastowork。”Ofcourse,youthfulidealismisoftencourageous,andnoonelikestogiveupdreams。Perhaps，taken_31_outofcontext，Piaget’sstatementseemsharsh。Whathewas_32_，however，isthewayrealitycanmodifyidealisticviews。Somepeoplerefertosuchmodificationasmaturity。Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature。Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailableduringtimesof_33_，adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit。Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescents_34_abouttheirrolesinsociety.Forthisreason,communityinterventionsandgovernmentjobprogramsthatoffersummerandvacationworkarenotonlyeconomically_35_butalsohelptostimulatetheadolescent’ssenseofworth。A)automaticallyB)beneficialC）capturingD)confusedE)emphasizingF)entranceG)excitedH）existenceI）incidentallyJ）intolerantK）occupationL)promisesM）recessionN)slightlyO）undertakesSectionBDirections：Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs。Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter。AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2。Cansocietiesberichandgreen？［A］“Ifoureconomiesaretoflourish,ifglobalpovertyistobeeliminatedandifthewell—beingoftheworld'speopleenhanced-notjustinthisgenerationbutinsucceedinggenerations—wemustmakesurewetakecareofthenaturalenvironmentandresourcesonwhichoureconomicactivitydepends。"Thatstatementcomesnot,asyoumightimagine，fromastereotypicaltree—hugging,save—the-worldgreenie(环保主义者），butfromGordonBrown，apoliticianwithareputationforrigour，thoroughnessandaboveall，caution.[B］Asurprisingthingforthemanwhorunsoneoftheworld’smostpowerfuleconomiestosay?Perhaps；thoughintherun-uptothefive-yearreviewoftheMillennium（千年的）Goals,heisfarfromalone.Therootsofhisspeech，giveninMarchattheroundtablemeetingofenvironmentandenergyministersfromtheG20groupofnations,stretchbackto1972，andtheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholm。［C]“Theprotectionandimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,"readthefinaldeclarationfromthisgathering,thefirstofasequencewhichwouldleadtotheRiodeJaneiroEarthSummitin1992andtheWorldDevelopmentSummitinJohannesburgthreeyearsago。［D]HuntthroughthereportspreparedbyUNagenciesanddevelopmentgroups—manyforconferencessuchasthisyear'sMillenniumGoalsreview—andyouwillfindthatthelinkagebetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicprogressisacommonthread.［E］Managingecosystemssustainablyismoreprofitablethanexploitingthem，accordingtotheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment。Butfindinghardevidencetosupportthethesisisnotsoeasy。Thoughtsturnfirsttosomesortofglobalstatistic,someindicatorwhichwouldratethewealthofnationsinbotheconomicandenvironmentaltermsandshowarelationshipbetweenthetwo。［F]Ifsuchanindicatorexists,itiswellhidden。Andonreflection，thisisnotsurprising；thesingleword“environment”hassomanydimensions，andtherearesomanyotherfactorsaffectingwealth—suchastheoildeposits-thatteasingoutasimpleeconomy-environmentrelationshipwouldbealmostimpossible。［G]TheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment,avastfour-yearglobalstudywhichreporteditsinitialconclusionsearlierthisyear,foundreasonstobelievethatmanagingecosystemssustainably—workingwithnatureratherthanagainstit—mightbelessprofitableintheshortterm，butcertainlybringslong-termrewards.［H］AndtheWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI)initsWorldResources2005report，issuedattheendofAugust,producedseveralsuchexamplesfromAfricaandAsia；italsodemonstratedthatenvironmentaldegradationaffectsthepoormorethantherich,aspoorerpeoplederiveamuchhigherproportionoftheirincomedirectlyfromthenaturalresourcesaroundthem.[I]Buttherearealsomanyexamplesofgrowingwealthbytrashingtheenvironment，inrichandpoorpartsoftheworldalike，whetherthroughunregulatedmineralextraction,drasticwateruseforagriculture,slash—and—burnfarming，orfossil-fuel-guzzling(大量消耗）transport。Ofcourse,suchgrowthmaynotpersistinthelongterm—whichiswhatMr.BrownandtheStockholmdeclarationwerebothattemptingtopointout.PerhapsthebestexampleofboomgrowthandbustdeclineistheGrandBanksfishery.Foralmostfivecenturiesaverylargesupplyofcod（鳕鱼）providedabundantrawmaterialforanindustrywhichatitspeakemployedabout40，000people,sustainingentirecommunitiesinNewfoundland。Then，abruptly,thecodpopulationcollapsed。Therewerenolongerenoughfishintheseaforthestocktomaintainitself,letaloneanindustry.Morethanadecadelater，therewasnosignoftheecosystemre-buildingitself.Ithad,apparently,beenfishedoutofexistence;andtheoncemightyNewfoundlandfleetnowgropesaboutfranticallyforcrabontheseafloor。[J］ThereisaviewthatmodernhumansareinevitablysowingtheseedofaglobalGrandBanks—styledisaster.Theideaisthatwearetakingmoreoutofwhatyoumightcalltheplanet'senvironmentalbankbalancethanitcansustain；wearelivingbeyondourecologicalmeans.Onerecentstudyattemptedtocalculatetheextentofthis“ecologicalovershootofthehumaneconomy”，andfoundthatweareusing1。2Earth’s—worthofenvironmentalgoodsandservices—theimplicationbeingthatatsomepointthedebtwillbecalledin,andallthoseservices—thethingswhichtheplanetdoesforusforfree—willgrindtoahalt.[K]Whetherthisisright，andifsowhereandwhentheecologicalaxewillfall,ishardtodeterminewithanyprecision—whichiswhygovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsareonlybeginningtobringsuchrisksintotheireconomiccalculations。Itisalsothereasonwhydevelopmentagenciesarenotunitedintheirviewofenvironmentalissues;whilesome，liketheWRI,maintainthatenvironmentalprogressneedstogohand—in—handwitheconomicdevelopment,othersarguethatthepriorityistobuildathrivingeconomy,andthenusethewealthcreatedtotackleenvironmentaldegradation。[L]Thisviewassumesthatrichsocietieswillinvestinenvironmentalcare。Butisthisright?Dothingsgetbetterorworseaswegetricher？HeretheStockholmdeclarationisambiguous.“Inthedevelopingcountries，”itsays，“mostoftheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyunder—development。”Soitissayingthateconomicdevelopmentshouldmakeforacleanerworld?Notnecessarily;“Intheindustralisedcountries,environmentalproblemsaregenerallyrelatedtoindustrialisationandtechnologicaldevelopment,”itcontinues.Inotherwords,poorandrichbothover—exploitthenaturalworld，butfordifferentreasons.It'ssimplynottruethateconomicgrowthwillsurelymakeourworldcleaner.［M］Clearly，richersocietiesareabletoprovideenvironmentalimprovementswhichliewellbeyondthereachofpoorercommunities.Citizensofwealthynationsdemandnationalparks，cleanrivers,cleanairandpoison-freefood。Theyalso，however，usefarmorenaturalresources—fuel，water（allthosebathsandgolfcourses)andbuildingmaterials。[N]Acasecanbemadethatrichnationsexportenvironmentalproblems，themostgraphicexamplebeingclimatechange。Asacountry’swealthgrows，sodoitsgreenhousegasemissions.Thefiguresavailablewillnotbecompletelyaccurate。Measuringemissionsisnotaprecisescience，particularlywhenitcomestoissuessurroundinglanduse;notallnationshavere—leasedup—to-datedata,andinanycase,emissionsfromsomesectorssuchasaviationarenotincludedinnationalstatistics。Butthedataisexactenoughforacleartrendtobeeasilydiscernible。Ascountriesbecomericher,theyproducemoregreenhousegases；andtheimpactofthosegaseswillfallprimarilyinpoorpartsoftheworld。[O］Wealthisnot，ofcourse,theonlyfactorinvolved。TheaverageNorwegianisbetteroffthantheaverageUScitizen,butcontributesabouthalfasmuchtoclimatechange。ButcouldNorwaykeepitsstandardoflivingandyetcutitsemissionstoMoroccanorevenEthiopianlevels?Thatquestion，repeatedacrossadozenenvironmentalissuesandacrossourdiverseplanet，iswhatwillultimatelydeterminewhetherthehumanraceislivingbeyonditsecologicalmeansasitpursueseconomicrevival。36.Examplesshowthatbothrichandpoorcountriesexploitedtheenvironmentforeconomicprogress.37.Environmentalprotectionandimprovementbenefitpeopleallovertheworld。38。Itisnotnecessarilytruethateconomicgrowthwillmakeourworldcleaner.39.ThecommonthemeoftheUNreportsistherelationbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.40.Developmentagenciesdisagreeregardinghowtotackleenvironmentissueswhileensuringeconomicprogress.41.Itisdifficulttofindsolidevidencetoproveenvironmentalfriendlinessgeneratesmoreprofitsthanexploitingthenaturalenvironment.42.Sustainablemanagementofecosystemswillproverewardinginthelongrun.43.Apoliticiannotedforbeingcautiousassertsthatsustainablehumandevelopmentdependsonthenaturalenvironment。44.Poorcountrieswillhavetobearthecostforrichnations’economicdevelopment.45.OnerecentstudywarnsusofthedangeroftheexhaustionofnaturalresourcesonEarth.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements。ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）。YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Interactivetelevisionadvertising,whichallowsviewerstousetheirremotecontrolstoclickonadvertisements,hasbeenpushedforyears。Nearlyadecadeagoitwaspredictedthatviewersof“Friends”,apopularsituationcomedy,wouldsoonbeabletopurchaseasweaterlikeJenniferAniston’swithafewtapsontheirremotecontrol.“It’sbeentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears,”saysColinDixonofadigital-mediaconsultancy.SothenewsthatCablevision,andAmericancablecompany,wasrollingoutinteractiveadvertisementstoallitscustomersonOctober6thwasgreetedwithsomeskepticism.Duringcommercials,anoverlaywillappearatthebottomofthescreen，promptingviewerstopressabuttontorequestafreesampleororderacatalogue。Cablevisionhopestoallowcustomerstobuythingswiththeirremotecontrolsearlynextyear。Televisionadvertisingcoulddowithaboost。Spendingfellby10％inthefirsthalfoftheyear.Thepopularizationofdigitalvideorecordershascausedadvertiserstoworrythattheircommercialswillbeskipped.SomeareturningtotheInternet，whichischeaperandoffersconcretemeasurementslikeclick—throughrates—especiallyimportantatatimewhenmarketingbudgetsaretight。Withthelaunchofinteractiveadvertising，“manyofthedollarsthatwenttotheInternetwillcomebacktotheTV,”saysDavidKlineofCablevision。Orsotheindustryhopes.Intheory,interactiveadvertisingcanengageviewersinawaythat30-secondspotsdonot.UnileverrecentlyrananinteractivecampaignforitsAxedeodorant(除臭剂),whichkeptviewersengagedformorethanthreeminutesonaverage。Theamountspentoninteractiveadvertisingontelevisionisstillsmall.Magna，anadvertisingagency，reckonsitwillbeworthabout＄138millionthisyear。Thatfallsfarshortofthebillionsofdollarspeopleonceexpectedittogenerate.ButDirecTV，ComcastandTimeWarnerCablehaveallinvestedinit。AneweffortledbyCanoeVentures,acoalitionofleadingcableproviders,aimstomakeinteractiveadvertisingavailableacrossAmericalaterthisyear。BrightLineiTV,Whichdesignsandsellsinteractiveads,saysinteresthassurged:itexpectsitsrevenuesalmosttotriplethisyear。BSkyB，Britain’sbiggestsatellite—televisionservice，alreadyprovides9millioncustomerswithinteractiveads。Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision，a“leanback”medium，craveinteraction。Click—throughrateshavebeenhighsofar(around3-4%，comparedwithlessthan0.3％online），butthatmaybearesultofthenovelty。Interactiveadsandviewersmightnotgowelltogether。46。WhatdoesColinDixonmeanbysaying“It’sbeentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears”(Lines4—5,Para.1)?A）Interactivetelevisionadvertisingwillbecomepopularin10—12years。B）Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghasbeenunderdebateforthelastdecadeorso.C)Interactivetelevisionadvertisingissuccessfulwhenincorporatedintosituationcomedies.D）Interactivetelevisionadvertisinghasnotachievedtheanticipatedresults。47.Whatisthepublic’sresponsetoCablevision’splannedinteractiveTVadvertisingprogram?A）Prettypositive.B）Totallyindifferent。C)Somewhatdoubtful。D)Rathercritical。48。WhatistheimpactofthewideuseofdigitalvideorecordersonTVadvertising?A）IthasmadeTVadvertisingeasilyaccessibletoviewers。B)Ithelpsadvertiserstomeasuretheclick-throughrates.C）IthasplacedTVadvertisingatagreatdisadvantage。D）Itenablesviewerstocheckthesalesitemswithease.49.WhatdowelearnaboutUnilever'sinteractivecampaign?A)ItprovestheadvantageofTVadvertising。B）Ithasdonewellinengagingtheviewers。C）Ithelpsattractinvestmentsinthecompany。D)ithasboostedtheTVadvertisingindustry。50。Howdoestheauthorviewthehithertohighclick-throughrates？A)Theymaybeduetothenovelwayofadvertising.B)Theysignifythepopularityofinteractiveadvertising.C)TheypointtothegrowingcuriosityofTVviewers。D)Theyindicatethefuturedirectionofmediareform.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whatcanbedoneaboutmassunemployment?Allthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoreasyanswers。There’sworktobedone,butworkersaren’treadytodoit—they'reinthewrongplaces,ortheyhavethewrongskills,Ourproblemsare“structural，”andwilltakemanyyearstosolve。Butdon’tbotheraskingforevidencethatjustifiesthisbleakview.Thereisn'tany。Onthecontrary，allthefactssuggestthathighunemploymentinAmericaistheresultofinadequatedemand.sayingthatthere’renoeasyanswerssoundswise。Butit'sactuallyfoolish：ourunemploymentcrisiscouldbecuredveryquicklyifwehadtheintellectualclarityandpoliticalwilltoact.Inotherwords，structuralunemploymentisafakeproblem,whichmainlyservesasanexcusefornotpursingrealsolutions.Thefactisjobopeningshaveplungedineverymajorsector,whilethenumberofworkersforcedintopart—timeemploymentinalmostallindustrieshassoared。Unemploymenthassurgedineverymajoroccupationalcategory。Onlythreestates。WithacombinedpopulationnotmuchlargerthanthatofBrooklyn,haveunemploymentratesbelow5%。Sotheevidencecontradictstheclaimthatwe’remainlysufferingfromstructuralunemployment.Why,then,hasthisclaimbecomesopopular？Partoftheansweristhatthisiswhatalwayshappensduringperiodsofhighunemployment-inpartbecauseexpertsandanalystsbelievethatdeclaringtheproblemdeeplyrooted,withnoeasyanswers,makesthemsoundserious.I’vebeenlookingatwhatself-proclaimedexpertsweresayingaboutunemploymentduringtheGreatDepression;itwasalmostidenticaltowhatVerySeriousPeoplearesayingnow。Unemploymentcannotbebroughtdownrapidly,declaredone1935analysis,becausetheworkforceis“unadaptableanduntrained。Itcannotrespondtotheopportunitieswhichindustrymayoffer。”Afewyearslater，alargedefensebuildupfinallyprovidedafiscalstimulusadequatetotheeconomy’sneeds-andsuddenlyindustrywaseagertoemploythose“unadaptableanduntrained"workers。Butnow，asthen，powerfulforcesareideologicallyopposedtothewholeideaofgovernmentactiononasufficientscaletojump-starttheeconomy.Andthat，fundamentally,iswhyclaimsthatwefacehugestructuralproblemshavebeenmultiplying：theyofferareasontodonothingaboutthemassunemploymentthatiscripplingouteconomyandoursociety。Sowhatyouneedtoknowisthatthere’snoevidencewhatsoevertobacktheseclaims。Wearen'tsufferingfromashortageofneededskills，We’resufferingfromalackofpolicyresolve.AsIsaid，structuralunemploymentisn’tarealproblem,it’sanexcuse-areasonnottoactonAmerica’sproblemsatatimewhenactionisdesperatelyneeded。51.WhatdoestheauthorthinkistherootcauseofmassunemploymentinAmerica？A)Corporatemismanagement.B）Insufficientdemand.C）Technologicaladvances。D)Workers’slowadaptation.52。Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheexperts’claimconcerningunemployment？A)Self-evident.B)Thought—provoking。C）Irrational.D）Groundless.53.WhatdoestheauthorsayhelpedbringdownunemploymentduringtheGreatDepression？A)Theboomingdefenseindustry.B）Thewiseheads'benefitpackage。C）Nationwidetrainingofworkers。D)Thoroughrestructuringofindustries。54。Whathascausedclaimsofhugestructuralproblemstomultiply?A）Powerfuloppositiontogovernment'sstimulusefforts.B）VerySeriousPeople’sattempttocrippletheeconomy.C)Evidencegatheredfrommanysectorsoftheindustries.D)Economists’failuretodetecttheproblemsintime。55.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage？A）Totestifytotheexperts’analysisofAmerica’sproblems.B）Toofferafeasiblesolutiontothestructuralunemployment.C)Toshowtheurgentneedforthegovernmenttotakeaction。D）ToalertAmericanworkerstotheurgencyforadaptation.PartIVTranslation(30minutes）Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2。中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金.中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究。这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。参考答案参考范文：Itisheldbysomepeoplethatknowledgeispower，especiallyscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.Scienceandtechnologyarethemotivepowerofthesocialdevelopment,whichconstituteaprimaryproductiveforce。TheuseofrobotsistheproduceofdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyPeople’sviewsontheuse