大学英语学习课件U2-1

Unit2ChildhoodMemories12CulturalChildhoodsSupermanText

SUPERMAN1heyearthewarbeganIwasinthe

fifthgradeattheAnnieF.Warren

GrammarSchoolinWinthrop,and

TextTthatwasthewinterIwontheprizefordrawingthebestCivilDefensesigns.ThatwasalsothewinterofPaulaBrown'snewsnowsuit,andevennow,13yearslater,Icanrecallthechangingcolorsofthosedays,clearanddefiniteasapatternseenthroughakaleidoscope.2

Ilivedonthebaysideoftown,onJohnson

Avenue,oppositetheLoganAirport,andbefore

Iwenttobedeachnight,Iusedtokneelby

thewestwindowofmyroomandlookover

thelightsofBostonthatblazedandblinked

far

offacrossthedarkeningwater.

Text

Thesunset

flaunteditspinkflagabovetheairport,and

thesoundofwaveswaslostintheperpetual

droningoftheplanes.Imarveledatthe

movingbeaconsontherunwayandwatched,

untilitgrewcompletelydark,theflashingred

andgreenlightsthatroseandsetinthesky

likeshootingstars.TheairportwasmyMecca,myJerusalem.AllnightIdreamedofflying.

Text3

Thosewerethedaysofmytechnicolor

dreams.MotherbelievedthatIshouldhave

anenormousamountofsleep,andsoIwas

neverreallytiredwhenIwenttobed.Thiswas

thebesttimeoftheday,whenIcouldliein

thevaguetwilight,driftingofftosleep,making

updreamsinsidemyheadthewaythey

shouldgo.Myflyingdreamswerebelievable

asalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwould

awakewithasuddenshock,abreathless

senseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromthe

skyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustin

time.

Text

roaring

by

inhis

shiningblue

suitwith

hiscape

whistling

inthe

wind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmother

andme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofa

hundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.Text

These

nightly

adventures

in

space

began

whenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreams

andteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocome4

IwasnottheonlyworshipperofSupermaninour

block.David

Stirling,apale,

bookishboywholived

downthe

street,

sharedmy

loveforthesheerpoetry

offlight.Beforesupper

everynight,we

listenedtoSuperman

togetherontheradio,andduringthedaywemadeupourownadventuresonthewaytoschool.Text5

TheAnnieF.WarrenGrammarSchoolwasared-brickbuilding,

setbackfromthemainhighway

onablacktarstreet,surrounded

bybarrengravelplaygrounds.OutbytheparkinglotDavidandI

foundtheperfectalcoveforourSupermandramas.Thedingyback

entrancetotheschoolwasdeep-set

inalongpassageway

which

wasanexcellentplaceforsurprisecapturesandsuddenrescues.

Text6

Duringrecess,DavidandIcameintoourown.Weignored

the

boysplayingbaseball

onthegravel

courtandthe

girlsgigglingat

dodge-ballinthedell.OurSuperman

gamesmadeusoutlaws,

yet

gaveusasenseofwindy

superiority.Weevenfoundastand-infor

avillaininSheldonFein,thesallow

mamma'sboyonourblockwho

wasleftoutoftheboys'gamesbecausehecriedwheneveranybody

taggedhimandalwaysmanagedtofalldownandskinhisfatknees.Text7

Atfirst,wehadtopromptSheldoninhispart,butafterawhilehe

becameanexpert

oninventingtortures

andevencarriedthemoutin

private,beyondthegame.Heusedto

pullthewings

fromflies

and

thelegsoffgrasshoppers,andkeepthebrokeninsectscaptiveina

jarhiddenunderhisbedwherehecouldtake

themoutinsecretand

watchthemstruggling.David

andIneverplayedwithSheldonexcept

atrecess.Afterschoolwelefthimtohismamma

andhisbonbons

andhishelplessinsects.Text8

AtthetimemyUncleFrankwaslivingwithuswhilewaitingtobe

drafted,andIwassurethatheboreanextraordinaryresemblance

toSupermanincognito.Davidcouldn'tseethelikenessasclearlyas

Idid,butheadmittedthatUncleFrankwasthestrongestmanhe

hadeverknown,andcoulddolotsoftrickslikemakingcaramels

disappearundernapkinsandwalkingonhishands.Text超人1

战争爆发的那一年，我在温斯罗普的安妮·F.沃伦文法学校读五年级，那年冬天我获得了民防图标设计赛冠军。也就是在那个冬天，波拉·布朗买了新的防雪服，即便是13年后的今天，我仍然能清晰地记起那些精彩纷呈的日子，它们历历在目，犹如万花筒里看到的图案那样色彩斑斓。Text

2

我的家位于城里靠海湾的一侧，在洛根机场对面的约翰逊大道上。每天晚上睡觉前，我都会跪在卧室朝西的窗户旁，眺望黑幽幽的海水那边波士顿城明亮闪烁的灯光。Text

夕阳将粉色的余晖洒在机场上空，浪涛的声音永远淹没在一架架飞机永无休止的嗡嗡声中。我惊奇地望着跑道上的移动信标，看着那些闪烁的红灯、绿灯像流星般升起、降落，直到机场变得一片漆黑为止。机场就是我的麦加，我的耶路撒冷。我整夜都在做梦，梦见自己在空中飞行。Text

3

那正是我梦想斑斓的岁月。妈妈认为我需要大量的睡眠，所以我每天上床睡觉时一点儿都不觉得累。那是一天中最美好的时光，我可以躺下，在昏暗的暮色中慢慢进入梦乡，脑子里制造出许多奇异的梦来。我的飞行梦像达利的风景画那么真实可信，以致于自己常常会在一阵惊吓中醒来，好像伊卡罗斯那样从天空中摔下来，虽然发现自己刚好掉到软软的床上，但也被吓得喘不过气来。Text

当超人开始侵入我的梦乡，并教给我飞行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒险便开始了。超人身着耀眼的蓝色衣服，肩披随风飕飕作响的斗篷，经常从我身边呼啸而过。他长得太像我的舅舅弗兰克了，舅舅那会儿正跟妈妈和我住在一起。超人的斗篷神奇地旋转时，我好像能听见上百只海鸥的振翅声，上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声。Text

4

我不是这个街区里唯一的超人崇拜者，在街另一头，那个脸色苍白、有点书呆子气的男孩儿戴维·斯特令和我一样，热爱飞行的纯粹的诗意。每天晚饭前，我们一起收听电台的超人故事，白天在上学的路上，我们自己设计出各种各样的冒险活动。Text

5

安妮·F.沃伦文法学校是一座红砖楼，座落在远离主干道的一条黑色柏油街道上，学校四周是光秃秃的铺着碎石的操场。戴维和我发现学校外面停车场附近有一个角落，那里是我们玩超人游戏的绝佳场所。那条长长的过道通向学校又黑又脏的后门，非常适合玩意外抓捕和快速解救的游戏。Text

6

课间休息时，我和戴维可以大展身手了。我们对在碎石操场上打棒球的男孩儿们视而不见，也不搭理那些在小山谷里一边玩躲球游戏一边咯咯傻笑的女孩儿们。超人游戏让我们变得像两个逃犯似的，但也给了我们一种虚幻的优越感，我们甚至找谢尔登·费恩来充当恶棍。他是街区里一个脸色苍白、胆小怕事的孩子，没有男孩儿愿意和他玩，因为一有人追他他就哭，而且老是自己摔倒在地，擦伤他那胖胖的膝盖。Text

7

一开始我们还得教谢尔登怎么扮演他的角色，可没过多久他就变成了一位发明虐刑的专家，甚至私下里悄悄实施他的刑罚。他常常扯下苍蝇的翅膀，揪掉蚱蜢的腿，并把这些残废了的昆虫囚禁在瓶子里，藏到床底下，这样他就可以偷偷把它们拿出来，看着它们痛苦挣扎的样子。戴维和我只在课间休息的时候和谢尔登玩，放学后我们就让他回家跟他的妈妈、棒棒糖以及那些无助的昆虫为伴。Text

8

那时候，弗兰克舅舅住在我们家，等着参军。我肯定他和隐姓埋名的超人长得特别像。戴维却看不出我舅舅和超人有多么相像，但他承认弗兰克舅舅是他这辈子所见过的最强壮的人，而且他会变很多戏法，比如用餐巾一盖上糖果，糖就没了，他还能倒立行走。TextWords&PhrasesgrammarschoolkaleidoscopedarkendronerunwaytwilightbreathlesstumbledriftshootingstarmarvelflauntblazesnowsuitnightlybelievabletechnicolorbeaconperpetualblinkdefinitecapebookishbarrenalcovepoetrywhirldingytarworshipperWords&Phrasespassagewayrecessgiggledodgedodgeballdelloutlawbonbongrasshoppertortureprompttagsallowvillainnapkincaramellikenessincognitowindysuperioritydrafthelplessstand-inresemblanceWords&Phrasesdriftoffsetbackcomeintoone’sownbeara…resemblancetoWords&PhrasesWinthrop温斯洛普（美国一地名）CivilDefense民防系统PaulaBrown波拉·布朗（人名）JohnsonAvenue约翰逊大街LoganAirport（波士顿）洛根机场Boston波士顿Mecca麦加Jerusalem耶路撒冷Dali达里（1904-1989）

Words&PhrasesDavidStirling戴维·斯特令（人名）Icarus

伊卡罗斯

SheldonFein谢尔登·费恩（人名）grammarschooln.[C]1)(AmE)aprimaryschool小学e.g.HealmostcertainlyattendedtheGrammarSchoolinthetown,butwecannotbesureofthis.

几乎可以肯定他当时在镇上念小学，但对此我们没有绝对把握。Agrammarschoolisaslightlyold-fashionedtermforanelementaryschoolintheUS.Words&Phrases2)(BrE)

aschoolintheUKforchildrenbetweentheagesof11and18whohavepassedaspecialexaminationtobeallowedtogothere文法学校（供11岁至18岁孩子上的学校，需通过特殊考试后方能获准进入）e.g.SomanystudentsgainedentrytoOxfordthisyear,whichwasprettygoodgoingforaprovincialGrammarSchool.今年这么多学生考进了牛津大学。这对一个偏远的文法学校来说是相当大的进步。

InBritainagrammarschoolreferstoasecondaryschool.Words&Phrasessnowsuitn.

[C]

achild'sovergarmentforcoldweather儿童风雪服e.g.Iputonmyredsnowsuitandblackboots.

我穿上红色滑雪服和黑色的靴子。Words&Phrases

definitea.

1)

(neverbeforenoun)

veryclearaboutwhatyousaysothateveryoneunderstandsyou;(ofaperson)certainorsureaboutsth.清楚的；清晰的；（人）确信的，肯定的

e.g.

1.She’snotdefiniteaboutretiringfromthegame.

她尚未表明是否退出比赛。2.ThedoctorisquitedefiniteaboutTomhavingmeasles.

医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。

2)clearlydecidedandspecific明确的；确切的e.g.Wehaven’tarrangedadefinitedateforourvisityet.

我们还没有安排访问的确切日期。

Words&Phraseskaleidoscopen.

[C]

atoythatshowschangingpatterns,consistingofatubewithcolouredpiecesinside万花筒e.g.Tomwasgivenakaleidoscopeonhisbirthday.汤姆在他生日当天得到一支万花筒。Words&Phrasesblazevi.1)shineverybrightly发强光；闪耀e.g.Thesunblazeddownaswewalkedalongthevalley.我们沿着山谷走，头顶太阳灼人。

2)burnstronglyandbrightly熊熊燃烧e.g.Thefollowingmorningthebuildingwasstillblazing.

第二天早上，那座建筑还在熊熊燃烧。Words&Phrases

blinkvi.

1)ifalightblinks,itgoesonandoffcontinuously（灯）闪烁e.g.Neonsignswereblinkingoutsidebarsandcasinos.酒吧和赌场外霓虹灯招牌闪烁。

2)

closeyoureyesforaveryshorttimeandquicklyopenthemagain眨（眼）e.g.Heblinkedhiseyesnervously.他紧张地眨着眼睛。Words&Phrases

darkenv.becomedarker,ormakesth.darker（使）变暗；（使）变黑e.g.

1.Theskydarkenedandafewdropsofrainfell.天空暗了下来，下了几滴雨。2.Theeveningshadowsdarkenedtheroom.

黑夜来临，房子里暗了下来。Wordfamily:dark

a.Wordformation:a.

+en→v.red→redden short→shorten sharp→sharpenWords&Phrases

flauntvt.

deliberatelytrytomakepeoplenoticeyourpossessions,beauty,abilitiesetc,becauseyouwantthemtoadmireyou炫耀；夸耀；夸示e.g.

1.

Lawrencedidn’tflaunthiswealth–helivedasimplelife.

劳伦斯从不炫富，他过着简朴的生活。2.Ifyouhavelotsofmoney,doyouliketoflauntit?

如果很富有，你会想要去炫耀吗？Words&Phrasesperpetuala.

continuingallthetime;happeningsooftenthatyoubecomeannoyedasaresult无休止的；频繁（以致令人生厌）的e.g.1.Manypeopleliveinperpetualfearoflosingtheirjobs.

许多人老是生活在失业的恐惧中。2.

Weheardhisperpetualnoiseintheroom.

我们听见他在房间里老是发出声音。

Words&Phrases

dronevi.

makealowcontinuousnoise发出嗡嗡声e.g.

1.Anairplanedronedoverhead.一架飞机在头上嗡嗡飞过。2.Igotridofthefan,becauseitwasmuchmorepleasanttoworkonacomputerthatdidn'tdroneallthetime.

我去掉了散热扇，因为使用一台不嗡嗡作响的电脑来工作更令人愉悦。Words&Phrasesmarvelv.(~at/over)

showorfeelsurpriseoradmiration

(对……)感到惊讶；钦佩e.g.1.Wemarvelledattheviewthatopenedupbeforeus.

我们对展现在面前的一片景色惊佩不已。2.VisitorstoRomemarveloverthebeautyofthecity.

来到罗马的游客无不惊叹于它的美丽。Wordfamily:marvelous

a.e.g.

Neverhaveweseensomarvelouslandscape.

我们从来没有见过如此美妙的风景。Words&Phrases

beaconn.[C]

abrightlightorfirethatshinesinthedarkandisusedasasignaltowarnpeopleagainstdangerortoshowthemthewaysomewhere指示灯；灯标；烽火Beaconsareusedinairportstoshowapproachinganddepartingplanesthepositionoftherunwaystohelpthemlandandtakeoffsafely.e.g.Thebeacononthecoastistowarnandguideships.

海岸上的信号灯是用来提醒和引导船舶的。Words&Phrases

runwayn.[C]

alongroadusedbyplaneswhentheylandandtakeoff,usuallyatanairport（通常指机场的）跑道e.g.1.Aplanethissizecan'tflyoffsuchashortrunway.这样大的飞机无法从这么短的跑道上起飞。

2.Therunwayhasbeenclearedfortake-off.

跑道已经畅通，可以起飞。

Words&Phrasesshootingstarn.[C]

ameteorthatmakesalineoflightasitfallsthroughthesky流星e.g.

1.Ashootingstarlightenedthesky.一颗流星划亮了天空。2.Doyouwishwhenyouseeashootingstar?你看见流星时许愿吗？Words&Phrases

technicolorn.[U](AmE)anextremelycolorfulqualityorappearance,especiallyonethatlooksartificial（尤指看起来不自然的）鲜艳的色彩e.g.Itisalushtechnicolorcoat.

这件外套颜色艳丽。

Words&Phrasestwilightn.[U]

1)thesoftglowinglightfromtheskywhenthesunisbelowthehorizon,causedbythereflectionofthesun'sraysfromtheatmosphere

暮色；暮光e.g.Cloudsarevioletinthesummertwilight.

夏天暮色中云彩是紫罗兰色的。2)thetimeintheeveningwhentheskyisbeginningtogetdark黄昏；薄暮时分e.g.Twilightwasfallingaswelefttheplace.我们离开那里时已是傍晚。

Words&Phrases

driftvi.

1)bepushedalongveryslowlybythemovementofairorwater漂流；漂e.g.Thicksmokedriftedacrossthetown.

浓烟在镇上飘荡。

2)movesomewhereslowlyasthoughyoudonotknowwhereyouaregoing随意走动；游荡e.g.HespenttheyeardriftingaroundtheEurope.

他这一年来一直在欧洲各地漂泊。Seealso:driftoff.Words&Phrases

ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Inordertomakethingsconvenientforthepeople,thedepartmentisplanningtosetupsome________shopsintheresidentialarea.(CET4-2004-06-41)

A)flowingB)driftingC)mobileD)unstableWords&Phrases

Cbelievableadj.seemingpossibleortrue可相信的；可信任的e.g.

1.Theevidencemustbeconsideredbelievableorworthyoftrust.

证据必须是可信的或令人信服的。2.Charactersmustbebelievablesothattheaudiencecancareaboutthem.角色必须是可信的，这样观众才能关注他们。

Wordfamily:believe

v.Words&Phrases

breathlessadj.breathingveryfastandhard,forexampleafterexercising;holdingorasifholdingthebreathduetoexcitementorotherstrongfeelings呼吸急促的；气喘吁吁的；（由于激动或其他强烈的感情而）屏息的

e.g.

1.Shewasbreathlessafterrunningupthestairs.跑上楼梯她就气喘吁吁了。2.Thechildrenarebreathlessastheywatchthetightropeact.

孩子们在看走绳索表演时都屏住了呼吸。Wordfamily:breath

n.Words&Phrases

tumblevi.

1)falltoground摔倒；跌倒e.g.Jacklosthisbalanceandtumbledbackwards.

杰克失去了平衡，仰天摔了一跤。

2)fallsuddenlyandsharply（价格或价值）猛跌；暴跌e.g.

1.Oilpriceshavetumbled.

油价已暴跌。2.Sharepricestumbledonthestock-market.

股市上股票价格暴跌。

Words&Phrases

nightlya.

&ad.(happening)everynight每夜(的)；每晚(的)e.g.

1.MyhusbandandIlikewatchingthenightlytalkshow.

我和丈夫爱看每晚的谈话节目。2.Themysteriouslightsappearnightlyintheabandonedhouse.

神秘的亮光每天晚上都在那间废弃的房子里出现。Wordfamily:night

n.Words&Phrasescapen.[C]1)aloosepieceofclothingwithoutsleevesthathangsfromyourshoulders披肩；披风

e.g.Whatdoyouthinkofmynewcape?

你觉得我新披肩怎么样？2)Alargeareaoflandthatcontinuesfurtheroutintoseathanthelanditispartof.Thiswordisoftenusedinthenamesofplaces.海角；岬（常用于地名）e.g.TheyknewbyradiothattheshiphadjustcircledtheHopeCape.他们通过无线电了解到船刚刚绕过了好望角。Words&Phrases

whirlv.spinquicklyincircles（使）飞旋；（使）旋转

e.g.

1.Wewatchedtheseagullswhirlingandshriekingovertheharbour.

我们看海鸥在港口上空盘旋鸣叫。2.Itmaywhirleitherclockwiseorcounterclockwise.它可能顺时针方向或逆时针方向旋转。Words&Phrases

worshippern.[C]1)someonewholovessomeoneorsomethingverymuch崇拜者e.g.Hehas

receivedapostcardfromaworshipper.

他收到了一张来自崇拜者的明信片。2)someonewhoworshipsagod敬神者；拜神者e.g.Beforethetemplewasopened,theworshipperhadbegunhischants.

寺庙还没有开门，拜神者已经开始了吟唱。

Wordfamily:worship

v.Words&Phrases

bookish

a.moreinterestedinstudyingandreadingbooksthanintakingpartinphysicalactivitiessuchassports好学习的；喜欢读书的e.g.

1.Janewasalwaysabookishchild.

简一直是个爱学习的孩子。2.TheythinkCharlesmightnotbelearnedandbookishenoughtopleaseLadyRussel.他们认为，也许因为查尔斯没有学问，缺乏书卷气，不讨拉塞尔夫人喜欢。Words&Phrases

poetryn.[U]

1)

someoneorsomethingofgreatbeauty,emotion,orimagination,orthequalityofbeauty,emotion,orimaginationWords诗一般的美（或感受、想象）；诗意；诗情e.g.PerhapsthereismorepoetryintraditionalChinesepaintings.

也许中国画里的诗意较多一点。2)poems诗；诗歌e.g.Poetryhelpstointerpretlife.

诗歌有助于阐释人生的意义。Words&Phrasestarn.[U]athickblackliquidmadefromcoal,usedespeciallyformakingthesurfacesofroads（尤指用于铺路的）沥青；柏油

e.g.

1.Thisisanewlytarredroad.

这是一条新铺的柏油马路。2.Theroofwascoveredwithtar.屋顶涂抹了一层沥青。

Words&Phrasesbarrena.(ofland)toopoortoproducemuchoranyvegetation

（土地）贫瘠的；（地方）荒芜的，不毛的e.g.1.Nothingcangrowinthisbarrenland.在这块不毛之地上什么也不能生长。2.Suchabarrendesertcansupportveryfewcreatures.

在这样荒瘠的沙漠里，很少生物能够存活。

Words&Phrasesalcoven.[C]

asmallareainaroomthatiscreatedbybuildingpartofonewallfurtherbackthantherestofthewall凹室；壁龛Words&Phrasese.g.Acardtablewassetupinanalcoveinthelivingroom.

起居室的凹室里放着一张牌桌。dingy

a.adingyplaceorobjectisratherdarkinanunpleasantwayandoftenlooksdirty暗淡的；灰暗无光的

e.g.

1.Heatelunchinadingylittlecafenexttothestation.他中饭是在车站旁一家的灰暗的咖啡厅里吃的。2.Heleftforhissmalldingyroom.他走向自己狭窄昏暗的房间。Words&Phrases

passagewayn.[C]

alongnarrowareawithwallsoneachsidethatleadsfromoneroomorplacetoanother走廊；过道e.g.

1.Heledmedownanarrowpassageway.他带我走过一条狭长的走道。2.Amusicalbellsoftlysoundedsomewhereinthepassageway.走廊的某处响起轻柔悦耳的铃声。

Words&Phrasesrecessn.

1)[C,U](AmE)aperiodbetweenschoollessonswhenstudentscaneat,rest,orplay课间休息e.g.Herfavoritethingsatschoolaremusicandrecess.她在学校最喜欢的是音乐课和课间休息。

2)[C]aspaceinaroomwherepartofawallisfurtherbackthantherestofit凹进处；壁龛e.g.Youcouldcreatetwogroupsofminiaturesintherecessesoneithersideofthefireplace.

你可以在壁炉两边的凹陷处创作两组缩微画。

Words&Phrases

Wordfamily：recession

n.aperiodwhentradeandindustryarenotsuccessfulandthereisalotofunemployment（经济）衰退，萧条ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Weshouldconcentrateonsharplyreducinginterestratestopulltheeconomyoutof________.(CET4-2003-06-43)

A)rejectionB)restrictionC)retreatD)recessionWords&PhrasesDgigglevi.(~at)

laughinanervous,excited,orsillywaythatisdifficulttocontrol咯咯笑；傻笑e.g.

1.LindaandChristinaweregigglingatsomeprivatejoke.

琳达和克里斯蒂娜正因一些私人笑话而咯咯发笑。2.Thechildrencouldn'tstopgigglingattheteacher'shigh-pitchedvoice.教师的调门儿高，孩子们都不禁咯咯地笑起来。Words&Phrases

Cf.

laugh,smile,giggle,grin,beam,sneer均含“笑”之意laugh:

最常用词，指因喜悦、愉快或轻视而出声的笑或大笑。smile:

指面露微笑，侧重于无声。grin:

指露齿而笑。beam:

书面用词，指因心情舒畅而发出的笑，喜形于色地笑。sneer:

指冷笑、嘲笑。giggle:

指发出咯咯的笑声，较多地用于女人或孩子。

Words&Phrases

dodgen.

[C]aquickmovementtoavoidsth.躲闪

e.g.

1.Hemadeasuddendodgeaside.

他迅速闪避到一旁。2.Flandersinsistedhewasnotusinghismedicalconditionasadodgetoavoidtestifying.

弗兰达坚称他没有利用自己的病情为借口躲避作证。

Seealso:dodgeball.Words&Phrases

dodgeballn.[C]

agameplayedbychildrenstandinginacircleusingalargerubberballthatonechildthrowsatanother,whotriestoavoidbeinghit躲球游戏（儿童玩的游戏，在一个圈中尽量躲开别人投过来的皮球）e.g.Let’sgoandplaydodgeball.

我们去玩躲球游戏吧。Seealso:dodge.Words&Phrasesdelln.[C]

(literary)

asmallvalley小山谷e.g.1.

It’sabeautifulquietdell.

这是一个美丽寂静的山谷。2.Thedriverbrokethesilence,bycallingattentiontothelushgreenvalleysandwoodeddells.驾驶员打破沉默，让大家看繁茂青葱的山谷和树木茂盛的小溪谷。Words&Phrasesoutlawn.[C]

acriminal,especiallyonewhomovesfromplacetoplacetoavoidbeingcaught不法之徒；（尤指）逃犯e.g.1.

RobinHood,anEnglisharcherandoutlaw,stolefromtherichtogivetothepoor.罗宾逊是英国的弓箭手兼逃犯，他劫富济贫。2.Thelandscapeinthisphotographwasfamiliartotheoutlaw.这张照片中的环境对这个歹徒来说是相当熟悉的。Words&Phraseswindya.

1)

usingalotoflongwordstotrytoimpresspeoplebutnotreallysayingverymuch浮夸的；夸夸其谈的e.g.Iamnotimpressedbythepolitician’swindytalk.政治家的夸夸其谈没有给我留下什么印象。2)withalotofwind

刮大风的；多风的e.g.Afeatherfloatsaboutontheair,especiallyonawindyday.

羽毛会在空中四处飘动，尤其是在多风的天气。Wordfamily:wind

n.

Words&Phrasessuperiorityn.[U]

thefactthatonepersonorthingisbetter,morepowerfuletc.thananother优秀；优良；优越e.g.Theintellectualsuperiorityofhumanoverotheranimalsisquiteclear.

人类与动物相比，智力上的优势是显而易见的。Wordfamily:superior

a.

e.g.Theindividualaskingthequestionsisunderstoodtobeinapositionsuperiortotheindividualbeingasked.

人们通常认为，和被提问的人相比，提问的人更优越。

Antonym:inferior

a.

inferiority

n.

Words&Phrasesstand-inn.[C]

someoneorsomethingthattakestheplaceofanotherpersonorthingforashorttime,especiallyinordertodotheirjobwhiletheyarenotavailable(某人或某物的)临时代替者e.g.1.Thestarhadastand-infordangerousscenes.这个明星有一个替身来应付危险场景。2.Gilbertfailedtofindastand-inandsocouldnotgototheparty.

吉尔伯特找不到代替他的人，也就去不了聚会了。Words&Phrasesvillainn.[C]

themainbadcharacterinastory,play,filmetc.（故事、戏剧、电影等中的）反派角色，反面人物e.g.1.

Attheendofthestory,thevillainiscaughtandpunished.

故事结束的时候，那个反派角色被逮住并且受到了惩罚。2.

Finallysheaskswhetherinallhisstoriesshehasbeen,nottheheroine,butthevillain.

最后，她问是否在他的所有故事里，她都是反面角色，而不是正派角色。Words&Phrasessallowa.apaleyellowcolouranddoesnotlookhealthy（皮肤）灰黄色的，土色的e.g.1.

Sheisillwithasallowface.

她病了，面色发黄。2.

Hewasfollowedbyasallow,thinlawyer.

跟在他后面的是个面色灰黄、瘦弱的律师。Words&Phrasestag

vt.

1)touchanotherplayerinsomechildren’sgames（在一些儿童游戏中）碰触而抓获（游戏者）e.g.Jeterwastaggedoutbetweensecondandthirdbase.基特在第一和第二垒之间就被碰触出局了。

2)fixasmallpieceofpaperorothermaterialtosth.togiveinformationaboutit

给……加标签e.g.Everyitemistaggedwithanumberthatidentifiesit.每件物品都有数字标签加以辨别。

Words&Phrases

prompt

vt.

1)encouragesomeonetospeakorcontinuespeaking鼓励（某人说话或继续说下去）e.g.Thespeakerwasratherhesitantandhadtobefrequentlypromptedbythechairman.那个发言人讲话结结巴巴的，经常得由主席来鼓励。2)(mainlyjournalism)causesth.tohappenorbedone

导致；促使；促发e.g.NewsofthescandalpromptedaSenateinvestigation.有关丑闻的消息促使参议院进行调查。Words&Phrases

torturen.[C]

extremephysicalpaincausedbysomeoneorsomething,especiallyasapunishmentorasawaytomakesomeonesaysomething拷打；拷问；酷刑逼供e.g.1.

Theconfessionwasmadeundertorture.

屈打成招。2.

Theuseoftorturemustdisgustanycivilizedperson.施用酷刑必为文明社会的人所不齿。Words&Phrasesgrasshoppern.[C]

alargeinsectwithlongbacklegsthatmovesbyjumpingandmakesshorthighsounds蚂蚱；蝗虫；蚱蜢e.g.

1.

Grasshoppershavelong,powerfulhindlegsadaptedforjumping.

蝗虫有适于跳跃的长的、强有力的后腿。2.Agrasshopperattheendofautumn–itsjumpingdaysarenumbered.

秋后的蚂蚱，日子长不了。

Words&Phrasesbonbonn.[C]

candies

糖果e.g.

Helikestoeatbonbonsverymuch.

他非常喜欢吃糖果。Words&Phraseshelplessa.[C]

notabletodoanythingwithouthelp无助的；无奈的e.g.1.

Helookedhelplesssittingthereallalone.

他坐在那儿显得孤单无助。2.

ThepeoplefelthelplessastheywatchedMotherNatureshowherpower.看着老天爷发威，人们束手无策。Wordfamily：helpful

a.helplessnessn.Words&Phrasesdraftvt.(AmE)(oftenpassive)conscriptsomeoneintothearmedforces征召（某人）入伍e.g.1.

Mydadwassixteenwhenhegotdraftedintothearmy.

我爸被征入伍的时候才16岁。2.

Hundredsofyoungmeninthevillageweredraftedintothearmy.

农村的许多年轻人被征召入伍。Words&Phrasesresemblancen.[C,U]

ifthereisaresemblancebetweentwopeopleorthings,theyaresimilar,especiallyintheirappearance

（尤指外表的）相似，类似e.g.1.

TheboybearsastrikingresemblancetoJim.Aretheytwins?这男孩与吉姆极其相像，他们是双胞胎吗?2.Marcushasagreatresemblancetohisfather.

马卡斯长得跟他父亲一模一样。Seealso:beara…resemblancetosb.

Words&Phrasesincognitoad.usingafalsename,orchangingyourappearancesothatyouwillnotberecognized

隐名埋姓地；使用化名地e.g.1.Hedidn'twanttoberecognized,sohetravelledincognito.他不想被人认出，所以出行时隐瞒了身份。2.Theprincetravelledincognitotoavoidcrowdsandceremonies.王子微服旅行以避开人群及欢迎仪式。Words&Phraseslikenessn.[C,U]

thequalityofbeingsimilartosomeoneorsomethingelse

相像；相似e.g.1.Hismannerismsbearastronglikenesstothoseofhisfather.他的举止极像他父亲。2.Afamilylikenesscanbeseenamongalltheboyswithalongcurvednoseineveryface.这家男孩们长得很像，都长着长长的弯勾鼻。Words&Phrasescarameln.[C,U]

asweetmadefromsugar,butter,andmilk卡拉梅尔奶糖；焦糖e.g.Fatherboughtmeagateaufrostedwithcaramelonmybirthday.我生日那天，父亲给我买了一个撒了糖霜的奶油蛋糕。

Words&Phrasesnapkinn.[C]

apieceofclothorpaperusedforprotectingyourclothesandwipingyourmouthandhandswhileyouareeating餐巾；餐巾纸e.g.Floraputhernapkinonthetableandlefttheroom.芙罗拉把餐巾放在桌上就离开房间了。

Words&Phrasesdriftoff:starttosleep

开始入睡e.g.Iwasjustdriftingoffwhenthephonerang.我正要睡着，电话铃响了。Seealso:drift.

Words&Phrasessetback:(oftenpassive)

placeorsituate(ahouseetc.)somedistancefromthestreetetc.

使（房屋等）离开马路等一段距离；（使建筑物等）位于不突出处e.g.1.Thehouse