北京房山区2022届高三英语一模试卷及答案

密封线密封线内不能答题学校________________班级________________姓名_________________学校________________班级________________姓名_________________密封线内不能答题房山区2022年高考第一次模拟测试试卷英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asawomanwalkeddownthestreetsoneday,shenoticedabeggar.Themanlookedoldandill-dressed.She1askedtheman,“Sir?Areyouhungry?”Shetriedtopickhimup.“Youneedto2something”,thewomansaid.Themanlookedatthewoman,who,clearlybyherappearancewasfroma3background.“No,”hesaidcoldly.Thewomanfinallymanagedto4themanintothecafeteriaandorderedhimsomethingtoeat.Whenthemanwaseatinghismeal,thewomanstaredatthemanandasked“Jack,doyou5me?”OldJackexaminedherface.Thenhisfacesuddenlylitup.“NowIrememberyou.Iusedtobeatthecounter.Youcameupandaskedmeifyoucouldworkforsomethingtoeat.”“Thenyou6methebiggestroastbeefsandwich,acupofcoffee,andatableformetositat.Isawyouputthe7ofmyfoodinthecashregister”,thewomansaid.Sheopenedherpurseandpulledoutabusiness8.“Pleasepayavisittothepersonneldirectorofmycompany.Weneedyourhelp.Wecanpayyouthe9inadvance.”“HowcanIeverrepayyour10?”Jackasked.“Youdon’tneedto”,thewomansmiled.1.A.nervously B.kindly C.curiously D.confusedly高三英语第高三英语第1页（共10页）高三英语第2页（共10页）3.A.wealthy B.political C.trustworthy D.famous4.A.force B.show C.lead D.drag5.A.recognize B.follow C.forgive D.understand6.A.sold B.dropped C.offered D.promised7.A.order B.menu C.price D.package8.A.ticket B.card C.letter D.invitation9.A.interest B.bill C.debt D.salary10.A.comfort B.kindness C.sacrifice D.contribution第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AZhaoLiisavillagerlivinginShandongprovince,who11(save)16peoplefromdrowningoverthedecades.12August2020,heestablishedarescuecenterconsistingTheypurchasedspeedboatsandlifeves13(help)thegovernment’semergencyrescuemissionsandpopularizerescuemethods.Hewantedtoraisepublicawarenessofdrowningpreventionandwatersafety.ZhaoLiwasamong10winnersofthenationalethicalmodelawards14(give)lastNovemberforthosewho“actbravelyforajustcause”. BTianwen1,theunmannedprobeforChina’sfirstindependentMarsmissionndustry.AndChina’sspacestationcoremoduleTianheenteredpre-setorbitinApril,17markedasolidstepinbuildingthecountry’sfirstspacestation.CHomeworkisanimportantpartofengagingstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom.Itcarrieseducationalbenefitsforallage18(group),includingtimemanagementandorganization.Homeworkalsoprovidesstudentswiththeabilitytothinkbeyondwhatistaughtinclass.Thenot-so-goodnewsisthatthesebenefitsonlyoccur19studentsareengagedandreadytolearn.But,the20(many)homeworktheyget,thelesstheywanttoengage.Sotoomuchhomeworkcanaffectstudents’health,sociallifeandgrades.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACareerplanningisimportant.Getstartedtoday.ConnectyourpersonalinterestsandacademicaspirationstoplanawonderfulcareeratUniversityofNewBrunswick(UNB).CareerConnectionswillhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouare—yourstrengthsandinterests—asyoufindwhichfieldofstudyandcareersarerightforyou.CareerConnectionsalsohelpsconnectyoutotheexperts,workshopsandinformationyouneed.Toguideyouthroughyouracademicandcareerexploration,CareerConnectionsincludesinformationforfuture,current,andgraduatingstudents.Inthissite,youwillfind:ProgramBlueprintsforeachofourprograms,careerresourcesincludingworkshopsandexpertadvice,informationaboutexperientiallearningopportunities,careermyths,newstrendsandcareer-relatedresearch.On-campusCareerSupportWehavetheexpertstohelpyouinyouracademicandcareerdevelopment.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentreConsultwithyourcareerandemploymentadvisors,dependingonyourneeds;completeworkshopsfortheCareerDevelopmentCertificate;learnabouttheWork-studyProgram;gotocareerfairsandmuchmore.CareerCounsellingStudentsaresupportedbytwocareercounsellorswhowillhelpyouexploreacademicandcareeroptionsthroughtheCareerPlanningProcess.Theywillhelpyoudevelopaplanforgainingtheskillsandknowledgeneededtopursueyourpassions.AcademicAdvisingAcademicadvisingisanimportantaspectofcareerexploration.Itisthroughyouracademicadvisor(s)thatyouwillexploreprogramoptions,discussinghowthesefityourcareergoals,andhowtomapyouracademicfutureindevelopingtheknowledgeandskillsneededtobeanemployment-ready,life-longlearner.ExperientialEducation高三英语第3高三英语第3页（共10页）高三英语第4页（共10页）21.IfyouwanttogetaCareerDevelopmentCertificate,you’dbettergoto.A.CareerCounselling B.AcademicAdvisingC.On-campusCareerSupport D.CareerDevelopment&EmploymentCentre22.ExperientialEducationcanhelpyou.A.getchancesforexperientiallearningB.studyonarticlesduringsummervacationC.obtainhighprofessionalgradesanddegreesD.workoutthevalueofprogramsandinstitutes23.Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inabrochure. B.Onawebsite.C.Inamagazine. D.Inanewsreport.BAValuableLessonforLifeBorninNanchangcity,Jiangxi,in1961,WuAijiawantedtobecomeateachersincechildhood.SheappliedtoworkasateacherattheprimaryschoolinNiyangvillageaftergraduation.WhenWu,then19,wenttothevillageinYichuncity,Jiangxiprovince,toworkasavillageteacherin1980,villagersweredoubtfulifshewasgoingtostaylong.Afterall,anumberofvoluntaryteachershadarrivedbefore,butallhadleftsoonafter.Locatedinthemountains,thevillagewasverypoorandfarfromanytown.Villagershadtohikeinthemountainssincetherewasnoroad.Wuwasshockedbythepoorconditionsthere.Shehadknowntheconditionswerepoor,buttherealitywasworse.Theblackboard,doorandwindowswereinastateofdisrepair,somechairshadlegsmissing,anddeskswerepiecedtogetheratdifferentheights.Moreover,localpeopleneededtogodownhilltobuydailygoods,andtransportthembackintheirhandsorbalancedthemacrosstheirshoulders.WuAijiahadneverwalkeduphillonamountainroadbefore,soshewalkedmuchmoreslowlythanothers,sometimesthewildboarsandrabbitsmadeherfrightened.Butshegraduallygotusedtoherlifethere.Atthebeginning,shefoundmanylocalpeoplevaluedtheirsonsfarmorethantheirdaughters,andwouldnotliketoletthemattendschool.Wuwenttotheirhomesrepeatedlyandgraduallypersuadedthemtosendalltheirchildrentoschool.Forthosewhocouldnotaffordthetuition,shespentherownmoneytohelp.Sheknowsthateducationisanessentialpartofhereffortstohelpstudentsescapepoverty.In2012,Wuwasassignedtoworkinanotherschoolinthetown,butsherefusedandappliedtogototheBaiyangvillageschool,whichissituatedevenmoreremotelyinthemountainswheresheremains.Overtheyears,morethan1,000studentsofhershaveleftthereandcreatedabetterlife.“Seeingthemachieveprogress,I’msohappythatIfeelricherthananymillionaire,”saidWu.24.VillagersdoubtedthatWuAijiawould_______.A.befrightenedbythewildanimalsB.hateclimbingthemountainsthereC.leavebecauseofthepoorconditionsD.lackexperiencesoflivinginthevillage25.WuAijiawenttovillagers’homesto_______.A.offerfreedailygoodsforthevillagersB.showherkindnessandgenerositytothemC.helpthepoorfamilytoaffordallthetuitionD.offerallchildrenthechancetocreateabetterlife26.HowdidWufeelaboutherteachingcareer?A.Regretful. B.Surprised. C.Satisfied. D.Annoyed.27.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatWuAijia.A.helpedmanychildrenreceivebettereducationB.determinedtochangethelifestyleofthevillagersC.devotedherselftohelpingvillagerstoescapepovertyD.improvedvillagers’awarenessofequalitybetweenmenandwomenCManyanimalsdependuponsoundtofindfood,detectpredatorsandcommunicatewithoneanother.Thesespeciesunderstandablysufferwhenloudmotorwayscutthroughtheirhabitats.Somedealwiththisproblembysingingmoreloudly,somechangethetimingoftheircallstooccurwhenfewerpeoplearedriving,othersjustmovetoquieterplaces.高三英语第5高三英语第5页（共10页）高三英语第6页（共10页）Thatplantscanbeaffectedindirectlybynoisepollutionhasneverbeenindoubt.Sincemostfloweringspeciesdependuponpollinatorsandmostfruit-bearingspeciesneedanimalstodispersetheirseeds,itisobviousthatiftheseanimalpartnersareharmedbynoisethentheirbotanicalplantswilldobadly,too.Whathasremainedunknowniswhetherornotplantsthemselvessufferdirectlyfromnoisepollution.Soundsarepressurewavestransmittedthroughgases,liquidsandsolids.Scientistshavepreviouslypredictedthatplantsmaybeabletosensethesewavesastheyarestruckbythem.Anumberofexperimentshaveconfirmedthisinrecentyears—plantsattackedwithultrasoundinthelabhaveshownarangeofhurtfulresponses,includingtheexpressionofstress-relatedgenes,underdevelopedgrowthandreducedgermination(发芽)ofseeds.Workingwithateamofcolleagues,DrGhotbi-Ravandigrewtwospeciesinhislabthatarecommonlyfoundinurbanenvironments.Theplantsweregrownfromseedsandallowedtomaturefortwomonthsinthesamespacebeforetheyweredividedintotwogroups.Onegroupwasexposedto73decibels（分贝)oftrafficnoiserecordedfromabusymotorwayinTehranfor16hoursaday.Theothergroupwaslefttogrowinsilence.After15days,samplesweretakenfromtheyoungestfullyexpandedleavesoneveryplantintheexperimentandstudied.Noneoftheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoisedidwell.Analysisoftheirleavesrevealedthatallofthemweresuffering.Harmfulchemicalsinthemareindicatorsofstressinplantsandbothwerefoundatmuchhigherlevelsintheplantsexposedtothetrafficnoise.Mostnotably,levelsoftheharmfulchemicalsintheplantsexposedtonoiseweretwotothreetimeswhattheywereinthosegrowninsilence.Thefindingsmakeitclearthatthenoiseoftrafficbotherstheplants.28.What’sthefunctionofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.B.Toprovethatonlyanimalssufferfromnoise.C.Tointroducehowanimalsavoidtheurbantrafficnoise.D.Tocomparethedifferenteffectsofnoiseonanimalsandplants.29.Whichofthefollowingwordsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“disperse”inParagraph3?A.Classify. B.Spread. C.Damage. D.Collect.30.WhatcanwelearnfromDrGhotbi-Ravandi’sexperiment?A.Urbantrafficnoisemainlyposesathreattoanimals.B.Plantsthemselvessufferindirectlyfromnoisepollution.C.Plantsexposedtothetrafficnoisebearhigherlevelsofstress.D.Plantsthatdon’tneedanimalsforgrowthwillnotbeinfluencedbynoise.DThereshouldbenodoubtinanyone’smindthattheinfluenceofmediaisgrowingstrongerandstrongerastimepasses.Ifyouhavenoticed,thespeedatwhichnewstravelsaroundtheworldhasbecomefasterwiththedevelopmentandadvancementintechnology.Mediaareactuallyinfluencingpeopleindifferentways.Whetheryouadmititornot,watchingmoviesandprogramsonthetelevisionorourlaptop,ipadandothermobiledevicesaswerelaxtakesusawayintothisdifferentkingdom—thatis,therearepartsinourbeingthatfeelswearetheonesinthemovieandsometimesweevenfeelwhattheyarefeelingaswegetcaughtintheemotionalexcitement.Theeffectofmediadoesnotstopwhenthemovieorprogramends.Andthiseffectmightjustbethecauseofbehavioralchangesinpeople.Withactionfilms,childrentendtofollowthemoviehero,engagingthemtoviolentactsthinkingthatitisacceptablebecausehisherobecamesuccessfulintheend.Therearecartoonprogramsthatshowactsofviolenceanddishonestactsagainstothers.Inreturn,childrentendtocopythecharactersandthinkthatcheatingotherpeopleisawaytodealwiththeirproblems.Theylearntotransfertheseillbehaviorstofriends.Therearesometelevisionshowsandmoviesthatattempttocreateanatmospheretochangetheviewofpeopletowardssocialissuessuchasracialdiscrimination.Inthemindsofotherpeople,theeffectcanbeforthebetter,butsomeunfortunatelyfortheworse.Therehadbeeninstancesinthepastthatyoungpeopledrunkdrivingimitatingtheirfavoriteactress.Therewasalsoacasewheresomebodysetasubwayticketboothonfirebecausehesawitinhisfavoritefilm.Thesearejustafewexamplesofthedisturbinginfluenceofmediaonpeople’sbehavior.Anexplanationtothesebadactsisthatthesepeoplecouldnotdistinguishfantasyfromreality.Theygetcaughtupinthekingdomofwhattheyhadbeenwatchingandtheimagesandscenesbecomedeeplyrootedintheirminds.高三英语第7页（共高三英语第7页（共10页）高三英语第8页（共10页）31.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph2?A.Whatitisthatchangesouremotion.B.Howmediaaffectpeople’sbehavior.C.Whyweareattractedbymoviesandprograms.D.Whetherpeoplefeelbeingtakenawayfromthereality.32.Accordingtotheauthor,somepeopleactbadlybecause.A.theyarejusttheviolentpeopleB.theyhopetosolvesocialproblemsC.theyactuallycan’ttellfantasyfromrealityD.theywanttochangepeople’sattitudestowardsmedia33.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsmedia?A.Sympathetic. B.Critical. C.Supportive. D.Cautious.34.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby______.A.makingcontrastsandgivingexamplesB.listingfactsandgivingresearchresultsC.raisingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsD.showingfactsandpresentingexplanations第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。The24solartermswerecreatedthousandsofyearsagoinChinatoguideagriculturalproduction.TheyalsoreflectChina’srichhistorythroughtheseasonalfestivals,specialfoods,culturalceremonies,familygatheringsandevenhealthylivingtipsthatcorrespondwitheachsolarterm.35RainWatersignalstheincreaseinrainfallandriseintemperature.Withitsarrival,livelyspring-likescenerystartsblossoming:theriverwaterdefreezes,wildgeesemovefromsouthtonorthandtreesandgrassturngreenagain.36InnorthernChina,thespringdroughtiscommonandtheprecipitationofthisseasonaccountsforonly10to15percentofannualaveragerainfall.Atthistimeofyear,farmersbegintoploughtheirfields.It’stherighttimetoprepareforspringsowingwhenthedaygetswarmer.37DuringRainWaterperiod,extracareisneededtodealwithareturningcoldspellandhumidity,whichistheamountofwaterintheair.38Itisstronglyadvisednottotakeoffthethickcoatstooearlyandtokeepwarm,especiallytheelderlyandchildren.ThewetandhumidweatherduringRainWaterperiodisconsideredharmfulforpeople’sspleenandstomachaccordingtoChinesemedicalpractice.39PeopleinBeijingofteneatporridge(粥)cookedwithakindofChineseherbmedicinetoresistcoldandwetweather.Honey,datesandChineseyamarealsoverygoodnourishment(营养)toputintheporridge.A.WithRainWatercoming,insectsbecomemoreactive.B.Abowlofnutritiousporridgeisthebestchoicetonourishthebody.C.Therefore,RainWaterisconsideredasakeyperiodtowaterthefields.D.AccordingtoanoldChinesesaying,therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.E.ThetemperatureinmostofthebasinareasincreasesquicklyduringRainWater.F.Oneofthe24solarterms,whichisveryimportantinspring,iscalledRainWater.G.Thefastincreaseinairhumidityduetorainfallcanresultinlowertemperatureandwetweather.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。TheChinesecapital,thefirstcityintheworldtohostthesummerandthewinterOlympicGames,hascomeupwithinnovativehigh-techstandardsforBeijing2022,deliveringChina’spromisetoholda“simple,safeandsplendid”event.AstheWinterOlympicGamescontinueinChina,someofthedifferenttechnologiesarebeingusedinBeijing.JournalistsreportingontheWinterOlympicsareofferedthechancetosleeponthejobthankstothehigh-techcabins(房舱)attheBeijingmediacentre.The20sleeprestcabinsweredevelopedbyChina’sKeesonTechnologyCorp,andwithasimplescanoftheirphones,journalistscanusethemforpowernapsforuptoanhour.Thespaciouscabinsareequippedwiththesametypeofbedsprovidedfortheathletes.Thesmartbedswithsensorscancollectinformationonthingslikebreathingandheartrates.Userscanadjustthepositionofthebeds,whichhaveamassagesetting,byusingaremotecontrolortheirphone.Thebedsalsohavecontrolstopermituserstochoosedifferentsleepingpositions,includingonecalled“zerogravity”,whichisespeciallydesignedfortheBeijingWinterGames.Raisingthehead15degreesandlegsby35degreesisbeneficialforbloodcirculationandabletohelptheuserstorelievestressandgetagoodnightsleep.Sofar,thirtytofortypeopleadayhaveusedthecabinsattheBeijingmediacentre.Thecabinsarefullycleanedaftereachuse.ThesleeprestcabinsarejustoneofanumberofinnovationsattheGames.ThecityhasgonetogreatlengthstomaketheWinterOlympicsasmartsportsexperience.40.Accordingtothepassage,whathigh-techequipmentisprovidedtojournalistsattheBeijingmediacentre?41.Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpart“powernaps”inthesecondparagraph?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Thesmartbedshavemanyfunctions,suchastreatingbreathingandheartdiseases,providingmassagesettingandpermittingzerogravitysleepingposition.43.Therearemanyotherhigh-techproductsusedinourdailylife.Pleaseintroduceanotherhigh-techproduct.(Inabout40words)第二节（20分）假设你是李华，你校要举办“英语读者剧场”活动，请你给你校外籍教师Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他来做评委。内容包括:1.活动内容（朗读并表演文学作品）；2.活动时间和地点；3.表达希望。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：读者剧场Reader’sTheater文学作品literaryworksDearJim,Yours,高三英语第高三英语第9页（共10页）高三英语第10页（共10页）房山区2021-2022学年度一模考试试题答案高三英语2022.03第一部分知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。12345678910BCADACCBDB第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。题号1112131415答案hassavedIntohelpgiven题号1617181920答案groupswhenmore评分原则1.写出正确答案的同时，如出现影响理解的冗余信息，不得分；如不影响理解，不扣分。2.大小写扣0.5分。3.拼写错误不得分。4.语态考点里如出现时态错误，不得分。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。21222324252627282930DABCDCAABC31323334BCBD第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。3536373839FDCGB第三部分：书面表达（共两节,32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。第40题Thehigh-techcabins./Thesleeprestcabins.(2分)内容：意义忠实于原文，表达内容完整2分。语言不完整扣1分，语言表达与试题答案无关或者关联性较小0分。语言：准确、连贯。语言表达有少量错误，但不影响理解，扣1分。语言质量影响理解给0分。第41题“Powernaps”meansasoundsleep/havingagoodrest.（2分）内容：意义忠实于原文，表达内容完整2分。语言不完整扣1分，语言表达与试题答案无关或者关联性较小0分。语言：准确、连贯2分。语言表达有少量错误，但不影响理解，扣1分。语言质量影响理解给0分