介词用法归纳

资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月介词用法归纳版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：介词的用法与练习I.介词的种类

1.

简单介词，常用的有at,

in,

on,

about,

across,

before,

beside,

for

,

to,

without,to,by,with,of,over,behind,up,after,against等。

2.

复合介词，如onto,

along

with,

because

of,

in

front

of,

instead

of等。

3.介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系

(1)

和动词的搭配，如agree

with,

ask

for,

belong

to,

keep

away

from,

care

about等。

(2)

和形容词的搭配，如afraid

of,

angry

with,

different

from,

good

at

(3)

和名词的搭配，如answer

to

,

key

to,

reason

for,

avisit

to等.***介词后常跟人称代词的宾格和动词的ing形式。II.某些介词的意义与用法区别

1.

at,

on,

in(表时间):at表示时间的一点；in表示一个时期；on表示特殊日子

A.at后常接几点几分，天明，中午，日出，日落，开始等。如：

at

five

o’clock,at

down,

at

noon,at

midnight,

at

that

time/moment

，at

this

time

of

day

B.

in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季节，世纪等。如：

in

2006,in

May，2004，in

the

morning

，in

the

afternoon

，in

the

evening

，in

the

21st

century

，in

three

days

，in

a

week

，in

spring

。

**C.

on后跟某日，星期几，某日的朝夕，节日等,即具体某一天极其早\中、晚.

on

Sunday

，on

a

warm

morning

in

April

，on

a

December

night

，，on

Christmas

afternoon

，on

October

1，1949

，on

NewYear’sDay.**(特别提示):在last,next,this,that,some,every等词之前一律不用介词2.

between,

among(表位置)“在…..之间”A.between仅用于二者之间，

如I’m

sitting

between

Tom

and

Alice.B.among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：He

is

the

best

among

the

students.3.beside,

besides,except

beside意为"在…旁边"，He

sat

beside

me.besides意为"除…之外",包括在内。What

do

you

want

besides

this

except意为"除…之外",不包括在内TheygotoworkinaweekexceptSaturday.4.in

the

tree,

on

the

tree

in

the

tree

,指动物或人等外来的东西在树上，on

the

tree

,指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西5.on

the

way,by

the

way,

in

this

way

on

the

way

指在路上,onone’swaytoby

the

way

指顺便问一句in

this

way

用这样的方法,inthatway,inotherway,intheseways6.across,through,和past“通过,经过”across从表面经过,如,road,bridge,riverthrough从内部空间经过,如:city,woods,forests,window,gatepast,从旁边经过.EX:Fillintheblankswithpast,acrossorthrough.1.Wehavetowalk____________thegatetogointothefactory.2.Whenwewent__________thecinema,wesawatrafficaccident.3.Lookout___________thewindow,please.4.Don’twalk__________theice.It’sdangerous.5.Suddenly,ayoungmanran__________me.6.Ifyouwalk_________thesquare,youwillseetheSunflowerHotel.7.Therivergoes______________thecity.8.Theoldmancanswim__________thestream.9.Iwalked_________himwithoutsayinghello.10.Thearmymoved_____________theforestsquietly.7.for,since,A.since仅说明什么时候开始，,后常跟一个具体的过去的时间.B.for表示某动作或情况持续多久,后常跟一段时间。

Hehasstudiedthepianofor5years..

Theyhavelivedheresince1978.EX:Fillintheblankswithfororsince.Thelittleboyhasbeenwaiting________twohoursoutside.Hehastaughthere________hegraduatedfromthecollege.Themanhasworkedinthecompany________twentyyearsago.HaveyoulivedinChina_____manyyears?Hergrandmahasbeenill_________afewmonths.8.in,after

“……以后”A.“in+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后,用在将来时态中.,常回答howsoon的提问.B.“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后,相当于一段时间+later

Mymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.

Hearrivedafterfiftyminutes.

=Hearrivedfiftyminuteslater.EX:Fillintheblankswithinorafter.TheywillleaveforGuangzhou________twohours.Myfathersaidthathewouldcomeback_______aweek._______threehous,theyarrivedatasmallvillage.Willyoubeabletofinishthetask________halfanhour?

Mr.Wangfinallymasteredhowtoworkthemachine________tendays.9.by,with,in,on表示方式,手段,工具，A.by以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具,或跟V-ing形式.B.with表示用…工具,C.in表示用…方式，用…语言(语调、颜色)等D.on表示通过媒介,onthetelephone,ontheradio,onTVEg:HelearnedJapanesebylisteningtotheradio.WeChinesehavemealswithchopsticks.ThenoveliswritteninEnglish.Ex:Fillintheblankswithby,withorin,on1.Isentthemessagetohim_________email.2.Thepupilswrite_________pencils.3.Doyouknowthemeaningofword_______Chinese

4.Themanclimbeduptothetree_________aladder.5.Theysolvedtheproblem_________communicating.6.Thewomanwascrying________alowvoice.7.Theoldmanoftengetsnews______theradio..8.Weoftencutthings_________aknife.9.Heimprovedhiswritingskill________keepingdiaries.10.Mygrandpacansingsomesongs_______Russian.10.放在地点之前的介词:at,in,onA.at

(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在……附近，旁边”eg:atthedoor,atthetable,

B.in

(1)表示在大地方;(2)表示“在…范围之内”。

C.on

表示毗邻，接壤

D.to

表示在……范围外，不强调是否接壤III.介词的其他一些用法.against,靠着,反对，违背,对抗.Hewasagainstthelaws.as,作为.Englishisusedasamotherlanguage.at,在…旁边,Theboyissittingatthedoor.but,除了.Hehasnothingbutmoney.for..,为….,因为….,至于….Hefailedtheexamforhiscarelessness.like,象,如同.Helookslikemybestfriend.till,until,直到…,在…以前.Wedidn’tgohometillfiveyesterday.with,有，带着。I’dlikesomecoffeewithsugar.by,在….附近Theylivebyariver.短语介词:thanksto,becauseof,inspiteof,insteadof,passonto,withthehelpof……选择最佳答案(表示时间关系的介词).TheplanearrivedatLondonairport______Wednesday.A.onB.atC.inD.forWhatdoyouusuallydo________Christmas?A.onB.atC.inD.forMrsBrownwordedinthewestofAustralia________lastsummer?

A./B.onC.inD.sinceThefirstclassbegins_______8o’A.at/onB.at/inC.on/inD.on/on_______thepasttwomonthshehasbeenbusywithhisschoolwork.A.ForB.OnC.SinceD.At________lastSaturday,wehadhadtwofootballmatcheswithClassTwo.A.ForB./C.ByD.DuringWewillbeinNanjing_____Tuesday______Thursday.A.on/throughB.on/toC.from/toD.on./tillMrBlackwillvisitournewschoolbuilding______twodays.A.beforeB.afterC.atD.in_______theendoflastspringWangHaijoinedthearmy_______theend.A.At/atB.By/inC.In/atD.At/inWewillhaveafootballmatch_____thisSaturdayafternoon..A.onB./C.inD.forHecametoseeyou_____theeveningofMay10th.A.inB.atC.onD.forI’mafraidIgaveyoualotoftrouble________mystayhere.A.inB.forC.duringD.onThesinginggroupwillhavetwoperformances______October.A.afterB.sinceC./D.forThesupermarketisopen______midnight.A.atB.onC.tillD./Shedidn’tgotowork______thatmorning.Sheslept______noon.A./…tillB.on…tillC.at…atD./…atHewasill_____aweek,and_______theweekheatealmostnothing.A.for/atB.for/duringC.during/duringD.for/forDaysarelonger______summerthan___________winter.A.in/inB.in/onC.from/toD.to/inChildrengetpresents________Christmasand______theirbirthday.Grannyiscomingforlunch________Christmasday.A.at/on/onB.on/on/onC.at/in/atD.in/on/in19.________NewYear’sevepeopleusuallydon’tgotobeduntilmidnight.A.AtB.OnC.ForD.InTomandPaulusuallywatchTV______weekends.A.atB.inC.forD./Everydaytheoldmantakesthesechildrenhome_____school.A.atB.toC.fromD.afterCouldyoucometomyoffice________thedayaftertomorrow.A./B.onC.inD.atWehadbuiltthreebridgesovertheriver_______theendof1994.A.atB.onC.forD.byLifewillbebetter_____the21stcentury.A.atB.onC.forD.inDoyouoftenworklate_____night.A.atB.inC.forD.during选择最佳答案(表示地点运动方向的介词).Ihadanewcard,andIdidn’twrite________.A.onitB.itC.initD.aboveitThereisabridge________theriver.A.underB.overC.onD.nextHesaidthathewouldmeetus____thecinema.A.inB.atC.onD.inThereisabookstore________thestreetcorner.A.atB.inC.onD.byFromthetopoftheteachingbuildingwesawthelakeA.underB.overC.belowD.aboveTherearemanybeautifulbirds______thetree.A.onB.atC.inD.besidesItwaswritten_______page20.A.atB.inC.onD.aboveMyhouseis_____thetwobuildings,sowegetlittlesunshineduringtheday.A.betweenB.amongC.inD.atLucyiswaiting_____No.3busstop________herfather.A.for/forB.for/atC.at/forD.at/atDon’ttalksoloud________table.A.byB.onC.atD.besideIsthereanythinginteresting________today’snewspaper?

A.inB.onC.atD./Carsandbusestravel_________theroadtothetown.A.onB.alongC.inD.byCanyoutellmewhospoke________themeetingA.atB.alongC.inD.forMyunclelives______208SmithStreetA.atB.onC.toD.withAtlastwereachesthevillage______thehill.A.atthefootofB.atfootC.onfootofD.inthefootfromShanghaiis_______theeastofChinaandJapanis_______theeastofChina.A.to/toB.to/inC.in/toD.in/in________theendofthestreetyoucanfindthepostoffice.A.ByB.AtC.OnD.InDoyouoftenlisten________theprogrammes________theradio.A.to/ofB.to/inC.to/onD.on/toPleasewait________theoffice.Don’tcomeinuntilyouarecalled.A.inB.intoC.insideD.outsideAreyougoingtoleaveGuangzhou__________Beijing

A.forB.toC.fromD.inThewhalehasanose_______thetopofitshead.A.atB.aboveC.overD.onYoumustgo_____thebridgeandthenyouwillseethebank_________theleft.A.over/onB.to/byC.to/onD.over/atThereisahole_______thewall.A.inB.atC.forD.towardsCanyoutellmetheway______ShanghaiZoo?

A.toB.atC.forD.towardsBillkickedtheballtoohard,anditwent________thestreet________oneofMr.Smith’swindows.A.across/onB.through./onC.across/throughD.to/through选择最佳答案(注意与一些动词搭配使用的介词)Thankyou_______yourcoming.A.toB.ofC.byD.forHespentalongtime______themathsproblem.A.inB.onC.forD.atMrLiisgoingtohelphim________hisChinesethisafternoon.A.withB.onC.byD.atHowmuchdidyoupay________thisbook?A.forB.atC.onD.withPleasetranslatethesentence______English.A.intoB.toC.atD.forThepriceofthecomputerhasbeenreduced________5%.A.offB.toC.byD.aboutPleasefillthebottle_______tea.A.byB.withC.forD.inThemachinescutbigpiecesofmetal____smallpieces.A.inB.byC.toD.intoBillyworkshardatschoolandhisteachersoftenpraisehim________hishardwork.A.withB.atC.onD.forYoumustapologize_________herforyourrudeness.A.toB.atC.onD.with11.IgotangryandIthrewastone_______him.A.toB.towardsC.atD.forYoucanborrowthebook________yourschoollibrary.A.fromB.toC.forD.atIprefercoffee_______tea.A.overB.toC.forD.thanWouldyoushowme________yourfactory

A.toB.inC.atD.roundDon’tcatchme________thearm.Ihavenothingtodo______thematter.A.by/withB.on/withC.by/onD.on/onHelpyourself_______somefish.Ittastesverynice.A.withB.onC.inD.toBillmustdeliverthenewspapers________people’shouses_________allkindsofweather.A.to/inB.at/inC.for/forD.to/forTheyhaven’tdecided________thedateforthenextmeeting.A.forB.byC.inD.onLetmeintroduceher_______you.A.withB.onC.toD.forLiLingfell_____hisbicyclethismorningA.onB.downC.offD.toIshouted______her,butshididn’thearme.A.toB.atC.onD.forTomhasmadefriends_____manyChinesestudents.A.withB.toC.byD.amongAfterschool,Ioftenlearnsinginganddancing_______hobbies.A./B.onC.inD.forLIMingfellillthismorning,soheasked_______leave.A.fromB.forC.onD.inIsawthemanhittheboy_______theface.A.inB.onC.towardD.by选择最佳答案(注意介词的习惯用法)MrLi,shallIwrite_____inkA.byB.ofC.inD.withCanyoufindouttheanswer__________thesequestions?A.ofB.forC.toD.with__________hishelp,IpassedtheEnglishtestyesterday.A.UnderB.OfC.WithD.byDon’tforgettobringyourtextbook______you.A.inBafterC.withD.toThepeoplearewaiting____thebus,andtheyatestanding____line.A.for/onB.for/inC.at/onD.at/inCanyousingthissong_____English

A.withB.inC.byD.forWhoistheboy_____bluetrousers?A.inB.onC.withD.atHedecidedtogetsomemedicine_______hiscold.A.toB.ofC.onD.forThebaby’ssleeping.Don’tspeak_______suchaloudvoice.A.withB.inC.onD.atTheoldwomanoverthereisblind_______botheyes.A.onB.withC.forD.inChinaisalargecountry_______