Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage -高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

Grammarandusage(Ⅰ)PastPerfectTenseUnit1

ThemassmediaLead-inReadtheshortlifestoryofJosephPulitzeronpage6toknowmoreabouthim.ExploringtherulesHemovedtoAmericaandbecameanAmericancitizen.HeofferedColumbiaUniversitymoneytostartaschoolofjournalism.TheColumbiaSchoolofJournalismwasestablished.JosephPulitzerwasborn.Hebecameapublisher.PulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorld.Pulitzerdied.ThefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawarded.10April,18471878188318921917PulitzerfoundedStLouisPost-Dispatch.The1860s1872191119121.ReadthelifestoryonPage6,andfinishthetimeline.2.Accordingtothetablet,completetheTrueorFalseexercise.1.

JosephPulitzerhadlearntverylittleEnglishbeforehe

movedtoAmerica.(

)

2.

In1872,JosephPulitzer

becameateacher.()

3.Heusedthesamebusinessstrategyhehademployedatthe

StLouisPost-Dispatchandsalesofthenewspapermountedupuntilitwasthebestsellingnewspaperinthecountry.()FTT

Bytheageof25,hehadbecomea

publisher.3.FindoutthesameVerbForms:1.

JosephPulitzerhadlearntverylittleEnglishbeforehe

movedtoAmerica.

2.Bytheageof25,hehadbecomeapublisher.3.Heusedthesamebusinessstrategyhehademployedatthe

StLouisPost-Dispatchandsalesofthenewspapermountedupuntilitwasthebestsellingnewspaperinthecountry.PastperfecttensePastperfecttense：haddoneWeoftenusethepastperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthathappenedbeforeapastactionorstate.

nowpastpastperfect过去的过去SentencestructuresofthePastPerfecttense肯定句

主语++其它否定句主语++其它疑问句+主语++其它肯定回答：Yes，主语+否定回答：No，主语+haddonehadn’tdoneHad

donehadhadn’t18471860sPulitzer’slifestory:UsageofPastperfecttense——bythenhe_______________(learn)verylittleEnglish.

1.由时间状语来判定：by/bytheendof/before/uptill…+过去的时间点1872had

learnt187818831892191119121917——bytheageof25，hehadbecomeapulisher.——bythen，hehadlearnt

verylittleEnglish.18471860sPulitzer’slifestory:UsageofPastperfecttense2.由“过去的过去”来判定：是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。常出现于：宾语、状语从句及用于表示意向的动词，如：hope，wish，think，suppose，intend等表示“原本…，未能…”1872187818831892191119121917JosephPulitzerhadlearntverylittleEnglishbeforehe

movedtoAmerica.

Pulitzerwho______________(advocate)thetrainingofjournalistsatuniversitylevelofferedauniversitytostartaschoolofjournalismin1892.18471860sPulitzer’slifestory:UsageofPastperfecttense

3.根据上、下文语境来判定：1872187818831892191119121917——thesamebusinessstrategyhehademployedattheStLouisPost-Dispatch

hadadvocated(1)PulitzerknewthathehadlearnedverylittleEnglish,sohehadstartedtoworkhardatthelanguage._______________________________________________________(2)Pulitzerwasveryhard-working.Quiteoften,whenhearrivedhomeatmidnight,hewasworkingforover10hours.______________________________________________________(3)Forthetimehewas25,Pulitzerhadbecomeajournalistandpublisher._____________________________________________________(4)Manyofthebestreportershaveworkedforhispaperbeforeitsfailurein1931.______________________________________________________1.CorrectthemistakeineachofthesentencesApplyingtheruleshadstarted→startedwasworking→hadworkedFor→Byhaveworked→hadworkedB1ThePulitzerPrizesareasetofawardshonoringexcellenceinjournalismandthearts.TheprizeswereestablishedlargelyduetotheeffortsofJosephPulitzer,who(1)________hisreputationasanewspaperpublisher.Heleftmoneyinhis1904willtofundtheestablishmentoftheprizes,statingthathewantedfourawardsinjournalism,fourinlettersanddrama,oneforeducation,andfivetravellingscholarships.Sincethefirstprizes(2)_____________in1917,therehavebeenmanywinnersandsomepeoplehavewonmorethanonce.PastwinnersincludesuchfamousnamesasEugeneO’Neill.WhenO’NeillreceivedthePulitzerPrizeinDramain1957,itwasthefourthtimehe(3)________it.2.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsoftheverbs.Applyingtherules:morestoriesaboutPulitzerhadbuiltwereawardedhadwonB2winbuildintendawardallowTherehavebeenanumberofchangestothePulitzerPrizesovertime.Someoftheseresultedfromadvancesintechnology.Forexample,onlinecontentfromnewspaperwebsites(4)______________inallofthejournalismcategoriessince2006.ThePulitzerPrizeshavealsoexpandedtoincludesuchcategoriesasphotographyandmusic.Nevertheless,journalismisstillwhatthePulitzerPrizesarebestknownfor.Today,winningthePulitzerPrizesisconsideredbymanytobethehighestachievementpossibleinjournalism—justasPulitzer(5)_____________.hasbeenallowedhadintendedApplyingtherules:morestoriesaboutPulitzerZouTaofenwasafamousChinesejournalistandpublisher.Readthetimelinebelowanddescribehislifestoryusingthepastperfecttense.B31895BorninFujian1921BecomesthechiefeditorofLifeWeekly1931Startsa

new

journal

calledLife

of

the

Masses1944Graduatesfromuniversity1926StartscampaigningagainsttheJapaneseinvasion1935DiesinShanghai1922Becomesaneditor4.DescribethelifestoryofZouTaofenusingthepastperfecttense.ApplyingtherulesBornin1895,inFujian,ZouTaofenwasafamousChinesejournalistandpublisherwho_________(gradua