吉首大学2022级普通本科学生大学英语入学分级考试试卷（A卷）

吉首大学2022级普通本科学生大学英语入学分级考试试卷(A卷)1.考生基本信息：姓名：班级：PartIIReadingComprehension(35%)SectionADirections：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithseveralblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1.Questions26-35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThomasJefferson,whodiedin1826,loomseverlargerasafigureofspecialsignificance.Americans,ofcourse,are 1 withJeffersonasanearlystatesman,authoroftheDeclarationofIndependence,andahigh-rankingpresidentialFoundingFather.Butthereis2Jeffersonlesswellknown.ThisistheJeffersonwho,astheoutstandingAmericanphilosopherofdemocracy,hasanincreasing 3totheworldsnewlyemergingpeoples.Thereisnoothermanin4whoformulatedtheideasof5 withsuchfullness,persuasiveness,andlogic.Those6indemocracyasapoliticalphilosophyandsystem一eventhosewhodonotaccepthispostulatesorare 7ofhissolutions—mustreckonwith（重视）histhought.What,then,ishisthought,andhowmuchofitisstill 8 undermodernconditionsofalltheideasandbeliefsthat9upthepoliticalphilosophyknownasJeffersondemocracy,perhapsthreeare10_.Thesearetheideaofequality,theideaoffreedom,andtheideaofthepeople'scontrolovergovernment.2.CerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedL)theoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotheranswer.Cerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamount0)otherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherCerestedhistoryforeverrelevantcriticalfamiliarmakedemocracyinfluenceanotherrelatedtheoryappealparamountotherSectionBDirections：TherearethreepassagesinthissectionEachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatementsForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TimetoRelaxLeisureplaysanimportantpartinBritishlife.Therearefourmainreasonsforthis.Firstofall,peoplespendlesstimeworkingnowthantheyusedto,mostlyduetotheintroductionofnewtechnologyinindustry.ThenormalBritishworkingweek/isMondaytoFriday,9.00amto5.00pm,althoughsomepeopleregularlyworkafewhours'overtimeeachweek.Secondly,allworkingpeoplegetaminimumoftwoweeks'paidholidayayear.Inaddition,therearesixormorebankholidaysayearwhenallbanksandbusinessesareclosed,InsomecasesthedatesofthesenationalholidayschangefromyeartoyearandindifferentpartsofBritain.Anotherreasonisthat,thankstomodernmedicineandhigherlivingstandards,peoplelivelongernow.Thismeansthatafterretirement,peoplehavequiteafewyearsofleisureleft.Nowadaysamuchhigherproportionofthepopulationisoversixty,butinthisgrouptherearemorewomenthanmen.Finally,fewerbabiesareborneachyearandtheaveragefamilyinBritainhastwochildren.Thisisoneresultofchangingsocialattitudes.Forexample,manymoremarriedwomennowgoouttowork.Themoneytheyearninfluencestheirleisuretime.EvenmarriedwomenwhodonotgoouttoworkhavemoretimeforinterestinghobbiesbecausemostBritishhomeshavewashingmachines,vacuumcleanersandotherlabor-savinggadgets.“Timetorelax"means“timefor”.refreshmentsenjoymentamusementrest“Apaidholidaynmeansworkingpeople.havetopayfortheirholidayhavenopaywhentheyareonholidaygetusualpaywhentheyareonholidaygetlesspaywhentheyareonholidayAmongtheoldpeople,thereare.asmanymenaswomenmorewomenthanmenmorementhanwomenmuchmorewomenthanmenInBritain,marriedwomenhavemoreleisurehoursbecausetheyhave.workwithagoodpayalotoftimefewerchildrenandmore,labor-savinggadgetswashingmachinesandvacuumcleanersWhichofthefollowingideasisnotsuggestedinthetext?Somemarriedwomenhavemoretimeforreading.Somemarriedwomenhaveinterestinghobbies.Somemarriedwomengoouttowork.Somemarriedwomenstayathome.PassageTwoQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Questions16toMaintainingbodyhealthisoneofthemostimportanttasksinlife.Ahealthybodyrequiresnutritionalfoodsandliquidsforgrowth,developmentanddefenseagainstdisease.Ahealthybodyalsorequiresfreshair,exerciseandrest.Maintainingbodyhealthrequiresconsciouseffort.Youchosethefoodsyoueat.Youchoosewhetheryougetfreshairandexercise.Youchoosehowmuchrestyouget.Nutritionisoneofthemostimportantcomponentsofbodyhealth.Whenpeopledonoteatenoughfoodordonottakeincertainessentialnutrients,theycansufferfrommalnutrition.Sometimes,diseaserobsthebodyoftheessentialnutrientsinthediet.Thisconditioniscalledsecondarymalnutrition.Sometimesadietcontainstoomanyotherwisenecessarynutrients,suchastoomanycalorieswhichmayleadtoheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thekeyistokeeptoaproperdiet.Threeessentialfoodsarecarbohydrates,fatsandproteins.Carbohydratesprovidebodywithfuel.Fatsarestoredinthebodyforfutureenergyuses.Proteinsarerequiredforgrowthneedsandfordefendingthebodyagainstdiseases.Certainvitaminsareneededinthebodycells.Withoutthem,deficiencydiseasescanoccur.Certainmineralsarealsoneededinthediet.Mentalhealthisasimportantasbodilyhealth.Stimulatingactivitiesshouldbepartofeveryone'severydaylife.Depressioncanresultinlossofaperson'sdesiretoaccomplishrealisticgoals.Whenthishappens,thebodycanalsosufferbecausethepersonlosesconcernovergoodnutrition,properexerciseandsufficientrest.Socialworkersandotherbehavioralscientistscanhelpapersonrecognizeandremoveblocksinthewayofsoundmentalhealth.Whatdoesahealthybodyrequire?Freshair,properfoodsandliquids,exerciseandrest.Agooddoctortooffergoodadvice.Alotofmoneywithwhichtobuyenoughmedicines.Livinginthecountry.Whatisthekeytoavoidingheartandbloodvesseldisease?A)Eatingfoodsrichincalories.Keepingtheproperdiet.Noteatingtoomuch.Sleepinglessthantenhoursaday.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothethreeessentialfoodgroups?Carbohydrates.Proteins.Fats.Vitamins.Whatisthefunctionofproteins?Toprovidebodywithfuel.Toprepareforfutureenergyuses.Todefendagainstdiseases.Todevelopbonesandteeth.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesdepressionusuallyleadpeopletodo?Itusuallymakesthemworkovertimetoforgettheirtroubles.Itmaycausethemtodonothingbutrest.Itmakesthemeatalotinordertobeinhighspirits.Itleadsthemtoignorebodyhealth.PassageThreeQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Formanyofus,particularlymen,sportisamajorpartofourlives.Weplayitasachild,lovingthephysicalityofit,thecompetitionandthesheerfun.Thenwhenwestopplayingit,westartwatchingit.Millionsofpeoplewatchingthe2008BeijingOlympicGamesarefascinatedbythesightofmenandwomenoperatingattheverylimitsoftheirpotential,strugglingTobeatarecordordefeattheiropponents.Man'smythsarefullofsuperheroesandit'seasytofeelthatworld-classathletesat(thepeakoftheirpowershavesomethingofthesuperheroaboutthem.It'snowonderthenthatthelanguageofsportpermeatesoureverydayconversation.It'smostoftenusedintheformofsportingmetaphors-forexample,wemightsaywhencompletinganessay,I'malmostatthefinishingline",or"Itwasamarathon.It'softenbeennotedthatsportingmetaphorsareparticularlypopularinpoliticalandbusinesscirclesbecause,likesport,theseareasinvolvenotonlyhighcompetitivenessbutalsoteamworkandplayingbytherules.AnamusingstorythatillustratesthisconcernsaChinesecomputercompanywhichworkswithmanagersformtopAmericancomputercompanies.Atmeetingsandontelephoneconferencecalls,ChineseandAmericanmanagershadmanydifficultiescommunicating,withsportingtermscausingthemostconfusionofall.TheAmericanswouldstartameetingbysaying,"Let'skickoff”,thekick-offbeingthestartofthematch.Oncethediscussionhadstarted,anAmericanmightmakeapointandthensaytotheChineseteam,“Theball'sinyourcourt”,orhavemadeapoint,hemightturntoacolleagueandsay,“CanIpassthebatontoyou?”Themisunderstandingsbecamesobadthateventually-manageragreedtobansportingmetaphorsfromconferencecalls.WhydopeopleenjoywatchingtheOlympicGames?Becausetheathletesoftenbeatarecord.Becauseit'sfunwatchingtwopeoplebeingverycompetitive.Becausethesearetopathletesdoingthebesttheyarecapableof.Becausetheathletesareveryunusual.Why“itwasamarathon“asportingmetaphorforcompletinganessay?Becauseamarathonislonganddifficult,asanessaycanbe.Becauseinsomewayswritinganessayislikeasport.Becauseyouhavetocompleteamarathon.Becausebothactivitiesareveryphysical.Whyaresportingmetaphorsusedbypoliticiansandbusinesspeople?Becausetherearesimilaritiesbetweensports,politicsandbusiness.Becausepoliticiansandbusinesspeopleliketoseethemselvesaspowerful.Becausesportingmetaphorsoftenrefertocompetitions.Becausebusinesspeopleandpoliticiansoftenliketoplayorwatchsport.WhatdidtheChinesecompanyhavemostproblemswith?A)AmericanmanagersMeetingsandconferencecallsExpressionsusedbyAmericansConferencecallsWhatismeantbytheexpression“CanIpassthebatontoyou?”whenusedinameeting?“CanyoucontinuewithwhatIwassaying?”“Doyouagree?M“WhatdoyouthinkofwhatIhavesaid?”“HaveIsaidenough?”PartIIICloze(10%)SectionADirections：Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1.IntheU.S.,thecameraiscommonplaceinalmosteveryhousehold.Atscenicspots,nophotostudiosorfree-lancecameramenare(26).Ifyouwanttohavephotos(27)forcredentials,you'11havetogotoaphotostudio,whereonlytwocopiesaregivenforeach(28)andyoucan'ttakeawaythenegatives(底片).Ifthreecopiesareneeded,you'dbettersitstillandletthecameramanshoottwice(29)Ofcourse,forthisyou'11bechargeddouble,butthatisstillcheaperthanhaving(30)copiesdevelopedbythenegatives.Foreachcredentialcopy,seventoeightdollarswillbepaid.BeforeenteringCanadaasatourist,1hadto(31)photosforvisa(32).ThebusinesshoursofthestudiocoincidedwithmydaughterJsshifthours,soshecouldn,t(33)thetimetotakemethere.Whileshoppingattheweekend,Ihadan(34)discovery：theautomaticphotokiosk(亭子)，andmyproblemwassettledinlessthan10minutes.Thekioskwasbuiltofplastics,coveringlessthantwosquaremetersandlocatedatthe(35)ofthesnackbaroftheshoppingcenter.Inside,atoneendofthekiosk,there(36)aswivelchair(37)heightwasadjustableandbehindwhichwasabackgroundclothofthreecolors(red,whiteandblue)foryourchoice.Straightahead,aboutameter(38)intheoppositewallwasinlaidamirrorshowingyourfuture(39)inthephoto.Isatinthechairand(40)thepositionbythe(41)marksbesidethemirror.Icouldn'thelp(42).Howdidtheautomaticsnappinghappen?Ontherightofthemirrorthereweretwoslots,oneforcoinsandtheotherforbanknotes.AfterI(43)twoone-dollarnotes,thegreenlightbythemirrorflickered；Ihastenedtoposeandabouttenseconds(44)thelampflashedwithasnap.Whenallcametoanend,1waitedoutsidethekioskforfiveminutesuntilthephotosjumpedoutofasmallopeningwheretheywereclaimed；four2-inchcoloredcopiesofgood(45).Choosetheonethatbestfitintothepassage.enoughavailableabundantreadyChoosetheonethatbestfitintothepassa