组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System

组胚学英文版课件CardiovascularSystem组胚学英文版课件CardiovascularSystem1---Digestivesystem:DigestivetractDigestivegland---Digestivesystem:21.Componentsofdigestivetract---oralcavity---pharynx---esophagus---stomach---smallintestine---largeintestine1.Componentsofdigestivetra32.Generalstructureofdigestivetractmucosa,submucosa,muscularisexterna,adventitia2.Generalstructureofdigest4组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System51)mucosa

---epithelium:stratifiedsquamousepi.simplecolumnarepi---laminapropria:LCT-compactCT:containmorecellsandfiberBV,LV-capillariesLymphoidTglands:olaminapropria---muscularismucosa:athinlayerofSM1)mucosa62)submucosa:moredenseCTsmallarteryandvein,LVglands(esophagusandduodenum)submucosaNplexus:-multipolarN-unmyelinatedNF-function:regulatethecontractofSMandsecretingofgland*Plica:projectionofmucosaandsubmucosa2)submucosa:moredenseCT7Plicamucosa&submucosPlicamucosa&submucos83)muscularisexternasmoothmuscleskeletalmuscleinnercircularandouterlongitudinal*Nerveplexus:regulatethemovementofM4)adventitia:CTserosa:CT+mesotheliumfibrosa:LCT3)muscularisexterna9Nerveplexusbetweenlayersofmuscularis→cellbodyofnervecellsNerveplexusbetweenlayersof10serosafibrosaserosafibrosa11组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System123.Esophagus

1)

mucosa:epithelium:stratifiedsquamousepi.laminapropria:compactCTmuscularismucosa:longitudinalarrangedSM2)

submucosa:LCTesophagealgland:mucousgland3.Esophagus1)

mucosa133)

muscularis:innercircularandouterlongitudinalupper1/3:skeletalmusclemiddle1/3:mixedofskeletalMandsmoothmusclelower1/3:smoothmuscle4)adventitia:fibrosa3)

muscularis:14CrosssectionHESlide：mucosa&submucosCrosssectionHESlide：mucosa&s15组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System16BarrettEsophagusisachroniccomplicationofgastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD),characterizedbymetaplasiaofthestratifiedsquamousepitheliumoftheloweresophagusintoaspecializedglandularepitheliumwithgobletcells.Andtheinflammatorycells(mainlylymphocytesandplasmacells)areinfiltratingtheconnectivetissue.BarrettEsophagusisachronic17EsophagealCarcinomaisamalignantneoplasmthatstemsfromtheepithelialcellsliningtheinnersurfaceoftheesophagus.Worldwide,squamouscellcarcinomaisthemostcommontypeofesophageal.Pathologicalchangesincludeulcerations,exophyticmasses,andthickeningandnarrowingofthelumen.Thisphotomicrographshowsamoderatelydifferentiatedsquamouscellcarcinomawithfocalkeratinproductioninthecenter,calledakeratinpearl.EsophagealCarcinomaisamali184.Stomach

---dilatedpart---storefoodtemporarily---digestproteinprimarily---absorbpartofwaterandions4.Stomach---dilatedpart19组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System20GeneralstructureGeneralstructure21组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System22组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System23组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System24StomachMucosa：---plica-longitudinal---shallowditch-gastricarea(2-6mm)---gastricpit-smalldepressionsStomachMucosa：25

Stomach①epithelium:simplecolumnarepisurfacemucouscell:-tallcolumnar-Novoid,basally-located-mucinogengranule-tightjunction-highHCO3-undissolvedmucusStomach①epithelium:simpleco26

Stomach②laminapropria:CTcontainsfibroblast,LC,plasmacell,mastcellandeosinophil,SMgastricgland(fundicgland)-oxynticglandcardiacgland:mucousglandpyloricgland:mucousglandStomach②laminapropria:CT27parietalcell---LM:large,pyramidalorspherical/roundcentrally-locatednucleus/eosinophiliccytoplasmparietalcell28EM:intracellularsecretorycanaliculus-invaginationstubulovesicularsystemmitochondriaEM:29---function:i.

secrethydrochloricacid(HCl)-synthesisprocessesofHCl:inintracellularsecretorycanaliculusH+K+-ATPpump:getH+fromcellCl-channel:getCl-frombloodH++Cl-→HCl(intracellularsecretortcanaliculi)-functionofHCl:HCl↓pepsinogen→pepsinkillthebacterium---function:30组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System31ii.

secretintrinsicfactor-glycoprotein+VB12→absorptionofVB12ii.

secretintrinsicfactor32a.chiefcellorzymogeniccell---structure:LM:columnarRound,basally-locatedNucleuscytoplasm:/basal-basophilic/apical-zymogengranulesEM:RER,Golgiapparatus---function:secretpepsinogena.chiefcellorzymogenic33组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System34c.mucousneckcellless,neckpartcolumnarflattened,basally-locatedNpalestaininHEstaind.stemcell:undifferentiatedcelle.endocrinecell

ECLcell:secretinghistamine,promotesecretionofparietalcellDcell:secretingsomatostatin,inhibitthesecretionofparietalcellc.mucousneckcell351.chiefcell2.parietalcell

3.mucousneckcell1.chiefcell36③Muscularismucosa:innercircularandouterlongitudinalarrangedSM2)

submucosa:CTwithBV,LV,Nandfatcell3)

muscularis:thickerinnerobliquemiddlecircularouterlongitudinal4)advantitia:serosa③Muscularismucosa:innercir37GastricUlcer(PepticUlcer)arechronicmucosallesionsthatoccurinthegastro-intestinaltract.Morphologically,pepticulcersareusuallysmall,roundtoovalinshape,lessthan4cmindiameterwithwelldefinedmarginswithoutelevation,andhaveaclean,smoothbase.Thisimageshowsthetransitionfromgastricmucosatoulcer,showingafibrinopurulentsurfacewithunderlyinggranulationtissue.Thegastricmucosashowschronicgastritiswithplasmacellswithinthelaminapropriaandintestinalmetaplasia(notethegobletcells).GastricUlcer(PepticUlcer)a385.Smallintestine---duodenum---jejunum---ileum5.Smallintestine---d39SEMforvillusSEMforvillus40PlicaVillusMicrovilliusCellcoat组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System41组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System42组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System431)

Mucosa---circularplica---intestinalvillus---smallintestinalgland1)

Mucosa44①epithelium:---absorptivecell:

microvilli:striated-border-1-1.4umlong,80nminD,2000-3000-enlargethesurfaceareato30timescellcoat:-0.1-0.5um-enzymes:trypsinogen,amylase-glucoseandproteinenzymes-adiposeSER①epithelium:45---gobletcell---gobletcell46②laminapropria:CT(LC,macrophage,plasmacellandeosinophilandmastcell)a.villus:istheprojectionofepitheliumandlaminapropriaepithelium:absorptivecell,gobletcellandendocrinecelllaminapropria:CTwithcentrallacteal,fenestratedcap.andSM②laminapropria:CT(LC,macro47Striatedborder¢rallacteal*

Striatedborder¢rallact48组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System49组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System50b.smallintestinalgland:opropriaabsorptivecellgobletcellendocrinecellstemcellPenethcell

b.smallintestinalgland51Penethcell:LM:-pyramidal,basally-located,ingroups-apical:acidophilicG-containdefensin(cryptdin),LysozymeEM:-protein-secretingcellfeatureFunction:relatedtoimmunefunctionPenethcell:52PenethcellPenethcell53组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System54组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System55组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System56③muscularismucosa:SMinnercircularandouterlongitudinal2)

submucosa:CTLargeBVandLVduodenalgland:mucousgland-secretingepidermalgrowthfactor,promotetheepithelialcellproliferationofsmallintestine③muscularismucosa:SMinnerc573)

muscularis:SM,innercircularandouterlongitudinal4)

adventitia:serosaandlessfibrosa3)

muscularis:SM,inner58组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System59组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System60PepticDuodenitisisaninflammatoryprocesscausedbychronicexposureoftheduodenalmucosatoincreasedlevelsofgastricacidandisusuallyfoundinthefirstportionoftheduodenum,theduodenalbulb..Thisphotomicrographshowsduodenalmucosawithcompletereplacementofthenormalepitheliumwithgobletcellsbygastricfoveolarepithelium.Notethewidened,distortedvilliandincreasedinflammatorycellswithinthelaminapropria.PepticDuodenitisisaninflamm616.Largeintestine---absorbwaterandions---structurefeature:a.

novillusandnocircularplicab.

well-developedlargeintestinalglandc.

containmoregobletcellsd.

taeniaecoli:longitudinalbundsbagcoli6.Largeintestine---absorbwa62组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System63ColorectalCancerisamalignantneoplasmofthecolonortherectum.Adenocarcinomaisthemostcommontypeofcoloncancer(98%ofcases.Presentingsymptomsmaybeachangeinbowelhabitsduetobowelobstruction,bloodinthestool,orirondeficiencyanemia.Thisphotomicrographshowsamoderatelydifferentiatedadenocarcinomaofthecoloninfiltratingthemuscularispropria.ColorectalCancerisamaligna64CrohnDiseaseachronicautoimmuneinflammatorydiseaseofthegastrointestinaltractthatmayaffectanylocation,fromtheoralcavitytotheanus,butmostlyinvolvesthedistalsmallintestineandcolon.Thisimageshowscolonicmucosawithdepletionofgobletcells,noncaseatinggranulomaswithinthelaminapropria,chronicinflamma-tion,andneutrophilsinvadingthecryptcells.CrohnDiseaseachronicautoim65ComparativeofdifferentpartofdigestivetractComparativeofdifferentpart66AppendixFewerandshorterintestinalglandsandmorelymphtissueAppendix67Gastrointestinalassociatedlymphoidtissue(GALT)Gastrointestinalassociatedly68M:macrophage;MC:microfold;PC:plasmacellM:macrophage;MC:microfold;69EndocrinecellLocation：presentbetweentheepithelialliningandglandsTypes:Open、ClosedEndocrinecellLocation：present70组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System71DigestiveTractReviewThegeneralstructureofdigestivetractHistologyoftheesophagusThemicrostructureofstomachThesmallintestinalglandsandmicrovillusDigestiveTractReviewThegene72组胚学英文版课件CardiovascularSystem组胚学英文版课件CardiovascularSystem73---Digestivesystem:DigestivetractDigestivegland---Digestivesystem:741.Componentsofdigestivetract---oralcavity---pharynx---esophagus---stomach---smallintestine---largeintestine1.Componentsofdigestivetra752.Generalstructureofdigestivetractmucosa,submucosa,muscularisexterna,adventitia2.Generalstructureofdigest76组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System771)mucosa

---epithelium:stratifiedsquamousepi.simplecolumnarepi---laminapropria:LCT-compactCT:containmorecellsandfiberBV,LV-capillariesLymphoidTglands:olaminapropria---muscularismucosa:athinlayerofSM1)mucosa782)submucosa:moredenseCTsmallarteryandvein,LVglands(esophagusandduodenum)submucosaNplexus:-multipolarN-unmyelinatedNF-function:regulatethecontractofSMandsecretingofgland*Plica:projectionofmucosaandsubmucosa2)submucosa:moredenseCT79Plicamucosa&submucosPlicamucosa&submucos803)muscularisexternasmoothmuscleskeletalmuscleinnercircularandouterlongitudinal*Nerveplexus:regulatethemovementofM4)adventitia:CTserosa:CT+mesotheliumfibrosa:LCT3)muscularisexterna81Nerveplexusbetweenlayersofmuscularis→cellbodyofnervecellsNerveplexusbetweenlayersof82serosafibrosaserosafibrosa83组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System843.Esophagus

1)

mucosa:epithelium:stratifiedsquamousepi.laminapropria:compactCTmuscularismucosa:longitudinalarrangedSM2)

submucosa:LCTesophagealgland:mucousgland3.Esophagus1)

mucosa853)

muscularis:innercircularandouterlongitudinalupper1/3:skeletalmusclemiddle1/3:mixedofskeletalMandsmoothmusclelower1/3:smoothmuscle4)adventitia:fibrosa3)

muscularis:86CrosssectionHESlide：mucosa&submucosCrosssectionHESlide：mucosa&s87组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System88BarrettEsophagusisachroniccomplicationofgastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD),characterizedbymetaplasiaofthestratifiedsquamousepitheliumoftheloweresophagusintoaspecializedglandularepitheliumwithgobletcells.Andtheinflammatorycells(mainlylymphocytesandplasmacells)areinfiltratingtheconnectivetissue.BarrettEsophagusisachronic89EsophagealCarcinomaisamalignantneoplasmthatstemsfromtheepithelialcellsliningtheinnersurfaceoftheesophagus.Worldwide,squamouscellcarcinomaisthemostcommontypeofesophageal.Pathologicalchangesincludeulcerations,exophyticmasses,andthickeningandnarrowingofthelumen.Thisphotomicrographshowsamoderatelydifferentiatedsquamouscellcarcinomawithfocalkeratinproductioninthecenter,calledakeratinpearl.EsophagealCarcinomaisamali904.Stomach

---dilatedpart---storefoodtemporarily---digestproteinprimarily---absorbpartofwaterandions4.Stomach---dilatedpart91组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System92GeneralstructureGeneralstructure93组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System94组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System95组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System96StomachMucosa：---plica-longitudinal---shallowditch-gastricarea(2-6mm)---gastricpit-smalldepressionsStomachMucosa：97

Stomach①epithelium:simplecolumnarepisurfacemucouscell:-tallcolumnar-Novoid,basally-located-mucinogengranule-tightjunction-highHCO3-undissolvedmucusStomach①epithelium:simpleco98

Stomach②laminapropria:CTcontainsfibroblast,LC,plasmacell,mastcellandeosinophil,SMgastricgland(fundicgland)-oxynticglandcardiacgland:mucousglandpyloricgland:mucousglandStomach②laminapropria:CT99parietalcell---LM:large,pyramidalorspherical/roundcentrally-locatednucleus/eosinophiliccytoplasmparietalcell100EM:intracellularsecretorycanaliculus-invaginationstubulovesicularsystemmitochondriaEM:101---function:i.

secrethydrochloricacid(HCl)-synthesisprocessesofHCl:inintracellularsecretorycanaliculusH+K+-ATPpump:getH+fromcellCl-channel:getCl-frombloodH++Cl-→HCl(intracellularsecretortcanaliculi)-functionofHCl:HCl↓pepsinogen→pepsinkillthebacterium---function:102组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System103ii.

secretintrinsicfactor-glycoprotein+VB12→absorptionofVB12ii.

secretintrinsicfactor104a.chiefcellorzymogeniccell---structure:LM:columnarRound,basally-locatedNucleuscytoplasm:/basal-basophilic/apical-zymogengranulesEM:RER,Golgiapparatus---function:secretpepsinogena.chiefcellorzymogenic105组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System106c.mucousneckcellless,neckpartcolumnarflattened,basally-locatedNpalestaininHEstaind.stemcell:undifferentiatedcelle.endocrinecell

ECLcell:secretinghistamine,promotesecretionofparietalcellDcell:secretingsomatostatin,inhibitthesecretionofparietalcellc.mucousneckcell1071.chiefcell2.parietalcell

3.mucousneckcell1.chiefcell108③Muscularismucosa:innercircularandouterlongitudinalarrangedSM2)

submucosa:CTwithBV,LV,Nandfatcell3)

muscularis:thickerinnerobliquemiddlecircularouterlongitudinal4)advantitia:serosa③Muscularismucosa:innercir109GastricUlcer(PepticUlcer)arechronicmucosallesionsthatoccurinthegastro-intestinaltract.Morphologically,pepticulcersareusuallysmall,roundtoovalinshape,lessthan4cmindiameterwithwelldefinedmarginswithoutelevation,andhaveaclean,smoothbase.Thisimageshowsthetransitionfromgastricmucosatoulcer,showingafibrinopurulentsurfacewithunderlyinggranulationtissue.Thegastricmucosashowschronicgastritiswithplasmacellswithinthelaminapropriaandintestinalmetaplasia(notethegobletcells).GastricUlcer(PepticUlcer)a1105.Smallintestine---duodenum---jejunum---ileum5.Smallintestine---d111SEMforvillusSEMforvillus112PlicaVillusMicrovilliusCellcoat组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System113组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System114组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System1151)

Mucosa---circularplica---intestinalvillus---smallintestinalgland1)

Mucosa116①epithelium:---absorptivecell:

microvilli:striated-border-1-1.4umlong,80nminD,2000-3000-enlargethesurfaceareato30timescellcoat:-0.1-0.5um-enzymes:trypsinogen,amylase-glucoseandproteinenzymes-adiposeSER①epithelium:117---gobletcell---gobletcell118②laminapropria:CT(LC,macrophage,plasmacellandeosinophilandmastcell)a.villus:istheprojectionofepitheliumandlaminapropriaepithelium:absorptivecell,gobletcellandendocrinecelllaminapropria:CTwithcentrallacteal,fenestratedcap.andSM②laminapropria:CT(LC,macro119Striatedborder¢rallacteal*

Striatedborder¢rallact120组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System121组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System122b.smallintestinalgland:opropriaabsorptivecellgobletcellendocrinecellstemcellPenethcell

b.smallintestinalgland123Penethcell:LM:-pyramidal,basally-located,ingroups-apical:acidophilicG-containdefensin(cryptdin),LysozymeEM:-protein-secretingcellfeatureFunction:relatedtoimmunefunctionPenethcell:124PenethcellPenethcell125组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System126组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System127组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System128③muscularismucosa:SMinnercircularandouterlongitudinal2)

submucosa:CTLargeBVandLVduodenalgland:mucousgland-secretingepidermalgrowthfactor,promotetheepithelialcellproliferationofsmallintestine③muscularismucosa:SMinnerc1293)

muscularis:SM,innercircularandouterlongitudinal4)

adventitia:serosaandlessfibrosa3)

muscularis:SM,inner130组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System131组胚学英文版课件Cardiovascular-System132PepticDuodenitisisaninflammatoryprocesscausedbychronicexposureoftheduodenalmucosatoincreasedlevelsofgastricacidandisusuallyfoundinthefirstportionoftheduodenum,theduodenalbulb..Thisphotomicrographshowsduodenalmucosa