专升本英语复习资料一

PAGEPAGE1hGB6017.1-20起重机械安全规程-第1部分专升本英语复习资料一专升本英语复习资料一havetheabilitytodo…:eg.Hehastheabilitytomakeverygoodboat.enablesbtodo使…能做…:eg.Internethasenabledustogetinformationfromallovertheworld.becapableof能够做…:eg.Heiscapableofdrawingoilpainting.beabletodo能做……eg.HeisabletoreadandwriteinEnglish.absent:presentabsentmindedabroad国外,:live~go~eg.Manyyoungpeopleareeagertogoabroadtostudy.access:入口,;,have/getaccesstostheg.Citizensinthetownallhaveaccesstothebooksinthelocal（当地的）library.absorb吸收beabsorbedin…eg.AllthestudentsareabsorbedinProfessor’slectureonChina’seconomy.accept接受receive收到（不一定接受）eg.Shereceivedagiftfromhim,butshedidn’tacceptit.byaccident=bychance偶然地onpurpose故意地accordingto=inaccordancewitheg.Accordingtothearticle,environmentalpollutionhasbeentakenundercontrol.take…intoaccount=take…intoconsideration把…考虑在内eg.Ihopemyteacherwilltakeintoaccountmyillnesswhenhegradesourtestpaper.account描述eg.ShegaveanaccountofwhathesawinChina.GB6017.120GB6017.1201部分PAGEPAGE6haccusesbofsth=chargesbwith(for)sth…………blamesb.forsth.因某事责备某人eg.Hewasaccusedofrobbingthebankandsentencedtenyearsinjail.eg.Hismotherchargedhimwithbeinglazy.beaccustomedto=beusedto,后接sth或doingsthusedto;;后接dostheg.Mr.Smithisnotused/accustomedtodrivingontheright.eg.I’malreadyusedtothelifehere.eg.Thereusedtobeahouseneartheriver.eg.Heusedtogetupearlywhilehewasinthemiddleschool.achieve,达到eg.Youwillachievenothingifyouwasteyourtimethisway.adapt(oneself)to=adjust(oneself)to适; adopt收;采用eg.Youshouldadapttocollegelifeassoonaspossible.eg.Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheweatherinthecountry.addto增添addupto总计达inaddition(to)=besides此外eg.Inordertomasteraforeignlanguage,weshouldlearnsomegrammar.Inaddition,we’dbetterlearnsomewords.adequate=enoughadmit承认eg.Headmittedhismistakesatlast.inadvance,提前eg.Youshouldinform（通知）meinadvanceifyouaregoingtocome.takeadvantageof=makeuseof利用eg.Wecantakeadvantageofcomputertoanalyzedata.eg.Agoodhabitinlearningistomakefulluseofclasstime.affect(v.)sth; effect(n.); influencesth.(v&n);impact(v&n);effort努力haveaneffect/influence/impacton对;makeanefforttodo或makeeffortstodoeg.Thelatestdiscoveryingenewillhaveagreateffectonthehealthofhumanbeings.eg.Theymadegreateffortstofindanewcuretolungcancer.afford(todo)sth买花用/支付得起eg.It’shardtoimaginehowhecanafford(tobuy)ahouseonhissmallsalary.beafraidof,害怕attheageofagreewith同意agreeon同意（双方就…达成一致）agreeto同意（上级,父母对下级,晚辈允许…）eg.Thetwocountrieshaveagreedonthedatefornexttalk.eg.Myparentsdon’tagreetomystayingovernight.aheadoftime提前eg.Wefinishedourassignmentaheadoftime.byair=byplane;bysea=byship;bybus/train;onfoot26.afterall毕竟;aboveall首先;(not…)atall一点（也不）;allover遍及allow/permit…todo………although/though…but连词,;as连词,倒装句inspiteof/despite介词不连接句子eg.Althoughhewasseriouslyill,hewentonwiththeexperiment.eg.Youngasheis,hehasalreadylearnedthreeforeignlanguages:English,FrenchandJapanese.eg.Althoughheisyoung，hehasalreadylearnedthreeforeignlanguages:English,FrenchandJapanese.eg.Inspiteof/despitehisillness,hewentonwithhisexperiment.beangrywithsb;beangryatsthapartfrom=besides=inadditionto除了….;except=otherthan…()eg.NooneknowswhathappenedexceptMr.Smith.eg.HehasalargecollectionofbooksbesidesCDs.apply(~for申请);AapplytoB（A适用于B）;applyAtoB（把A运用于B）eg.Hehassuccessfullyappliedfora职位）inthecompany.appreciate;感激（doing）eg.Ireallyappreciateyourcomingtotheparty.:enjoy,mind,avoid,escape,can’thelp,risk,need=want需要,insiston坚持eg.Myhairneedscutting.approveof赞, 批;disapproveof不赞,不批准arguewithsb与争论arise;rise; arouse; raiseeg.Newproblemswillariseastheoldoneshavebeensolved.（出现）eg.Arethereanythingsarisingfromlastmeeting?（源于）eg.Hisspeecharousedlittleinterestamongthestudents.（引起，激起）eg.Thecompanyhasraisedthepricesofitsproducts.（提高）eg.ThepricesofgoodsrosedaybydayduringtheSpringFestival.（上升）artificial,假的~flowers;~intelligence人工智能asfor至于asto关于至于asif/though,好象askfor要求attachimportanceto重视payattentionto重视catchone’sattention注意重视available/买到的eg.Thereisnoticketavailable.average平均on(the)~beawareof=realize意识到besure一定要，肯定eg.Heapologizedtousforthemistakeassoonashewasawareofit.eg.Besurenottobelateforthemeeting.eg.I’msuretheplaywillbeagreatsuccess.backup支持background背景base~…on………基础之上eg.Hisarticleisbasedontheresearch.bear,;:endure;tolerate;stand;putupwitheg.Shecannotbeartoseethechildinpains.do/tryone’sbesteg.Hesaidhewouldtryhisbesttocarryouttheplan.because连; eg.Therewillbenomeetingbecausethemanagerwillbeonthevacationnextweek.becauseof介词:eg.Hisweddingwillbeputoffbecauseofhisfather’sdeath.由于:dueto=owingto=thanksto=resultfrom=onaccountof=byreasonof=asaresultof=invirtueof=inthat(句子)=since（句子）makethebest…很好地利用hadbetterdo最好eg.You’dbetterfinishreadingthebookinthisweek,sinceI’mgoingtoreturnittothelibrary.wouldratherdo宁愿eg.I’drathergotheremyself.beyond…eg.Theprofessor’slectureisbeyondme/beyondmyunderstanding(超出我的理解范围).eg.Theappleonthetreeisbeyondmyreach(够不着).both…and…;either…or………;neithernor….两者都不beboundtodo…eg.You’reboundtosucceedaslongas（只要）youkeepontrying.breakinto;breakout;breakthrough突破;breakup)破裂catchone’sbreath恢复正常呼吸calloff=cancel;callon=visit;callfor,;putoff=postpone推迟eg.Theresidentcalledforthepeopletofightagainsttheinvaders.carefor,;takecare;takecareof=lookafter照顾carryon;carryout,执行eg.Theydecidedtocarryouttheplandespitetheopposition.case,;;;病例incase(of)以防，万一eg.Takemyumbrellaincaseitrains;.inmostcases在大多数情况下;innocase决不;innoway;bynomeanscatchupwith,;keepupwith;keeppacewith(be)inchargeof;takechargeof;charge…for…,要价eg.Theshortmanthereisinchargeofourcompany.eg.Thehotelcharges$100foradoubleroom.challenge挑战change(v.)comfortv.&n,,舒服;comfortable,舒适的have…common;mutual相互的eg.Althoughtheyaretwinstheyhavelittleinmunicatewith,交流compare…to……….;compare…with………相比GB6017.1-20GB6017.1-201PAGEPAGE16heg.Poetslikecomparingtheirloverstoredroses.eg.Comparedwithbrain,computerstillhassomeplainof/about抱怨bemadeupof由….组;becomposedof; consistofconcentrateon=focuson=centeron;beengagedin参与，从事asfaras…beconcerned就…而言eg.Asfaraswagesareconcerned,I’mverydissatisfiedwiththepresentjob.concerning=about关于contribute;contributeto有助于eg.Computerswillcontributemanyconveniencestoourwork.outofcontrol;under~在控制之下convenient方便,便利的convince/信服convince…of…eg.I’mconvinced(=Ibelieve)thatwherethereisawill,thereisaway.eg.Hewasnotconvincedofhiswife’sguilty.copewith/dealwith/handle,;managetodo;odoingsth.;odoingsth;odoingsth.atthecost/expenseof以…为代价eg.Hesavedthedrowningchildatthecostofhisownlife.attheriskof冒着…危险…cost/spendeg.Theovercoatcosthim$200.eg.Hespent$200on(inbuying)theovercoat.counton/dependon/relyon,依赖create创造custom;customs海关damage损坏（部分destroy毁灭（全部hurt伤害injure;ruin;spoil()eg.Ourholidaywasspoiledbythebadweather.eg.Theearthquakehasdestroyedthecityentirely.agood/greatdeal,大量degree;=extent;tosomeextent/degree在某种程度上demand;order;suggest;propose;insistthat从句用虚拟语气（加动词原形）eg.Thegeneralorderedthatthebridge(should)berepairedbeforedaybreak.deny,拒绝（给予）denial(n.)eg.Hedeniedbreakingthewindow.eg.WomenweredeniedtherighttovoteinthepastintheU.S.indetail详细地eg.Heexplainedthequestiontousin~.devote….…致力于bedevoted/committed介词)sth./doingsth.eg.Thescientistdevotedthewholelifetothestudyofchemistry.doawaywith;getridof摆脱除掉;have…todowith…有关eg.Ithasnothingtodowithwhatyouaretalkingabout.eg.Doawaywiththelaw.eg.Hemanagedtogetridofthemanfollowedhim.dropin=dropby=visitdue到期的eg.Thebookwillbeduenextweek.（,安排要）发生，到达的eg.Whattimewillthenextbusdue?eg.Thenextmeetingisduetobeheldinthreemonths’time.dueto=becauseof=owingto因为,由于eg.Hispromotionisduetohishardworking.eg.Duetotheheavyrain,wehavetogiveuptheplanfortheweekends.economic;economical节俭的effective;efficient效率高的else;something~somebody~intheend最终（结果atlast最后（经过很长时间）eg.Ihavefinishedtheessayatlast.eg.WewerethinkingofgoingtoEngland,butintheendwewenttotheUSA.enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime;helponeself随便establish=setup=foundevident=obvious=apparent明显的显而易见的forexample=forinstance; toillustratebeexhausted=betiredout=bewornout筋疲力尽的exist存在expose暴露受影响 beexposedtoeg.Beingexposedtothesunforsometimecandogoodtoyourhealth.eg.Manyoftoday’steenagershavebeenexposedtoomuchtoviolenceandsex.facesth;befacedwith;encounter面临infact=asamatterasafact;事实上befamiliarwithbyfar,最（修饰比较级和最高级;sofar迄今为止（完成时态farfrom远非如此（否定）eg.Inmyopinion,heisbyfarthemostsuitableoneforthejob.eg.Hesentoutalettertoapplyforthejob,buthasreceivednoanswersofar.eg.MyEnglishisfarfrom(not)perfect.fare;fee;tuition学费favor,dosbafavor…;infavorof赞成eg.I’minfavorofhissuggestionthatapowerplant(电厂)bebuilt.eg.Wouldyoudomeafavortocarrytheboxupstairs?feellikedoingsth/wouldliketodosth/….field田野,领域fillin;befilledwith充满eg.Wouldyouliketofillinyouraddressandtelephonehere?fine罚款fire;catchfire;setfireto点火focus…,…为中心befondof=like;bekeenon/becrazyeg.I’mfondofnovelswrittenbyD.HLaurence.lookforwardtosth/doingsth盼望eg.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcoming.ingeneral/inshort/inaword/onthewhole总的说来;tosumup,/toconcludegenerationgap代沟geton/getoff上/下车（…）;geton/alongwith和相处givein,;giveup;giveoff发出eg.Thegasgivenoffbyautomobilesisharmfultopeople’shealtheg.Don’tgiveupuntilyousucceed.eg.Hegaveinfinallyunderthepressure.goontodosth接着做（另一件事;goondoingsth继续做（同一件事goonadiet;goover复习granttake…forgranted对,对习以为常eg.Weusuallytakeitforgrantedthatthegovernmentshouldworkforthewelfare( 利)ofthepeople.growup;grown-up成年人handin;handinhand;ononehand一方面,ontheotherhand另一方面hardly几乎不;hardly…when…=nosooner…than…刚….就….eg.ThetownhaschangedsoquicklythatIcanhardlyrecognizeit.eg.Hardlyhadwereachedhomewhenitbeganraining.good…doharm有害learnbyheart;loseheart失去信心can’thelpdoingsth…eg.Shecouldn’thelpcryingwhensheheardthenewsthatherfatherpassedhold,holdback控制住（感情等holdup,妨碍inahurry/innohurryinsistshoulddo,should可以省略eg.Heinsistedthatwegotheretogether。相同用法的词:suggest,order,demand,propose…instead, insteadof代替,相反eg.I’mstillwonderingwhyheaskedJendtodo想要做135.involve..in..介入,卷入eg.Idon’twanttobeinvolvedintheirquarrel.bekeenon热心热衷于key/answertoatoaproblem（解决问题的）办法late;latest最新,最近;later以;latter后,后半;theformer…thelatter…eg.thelatestnews; twoyearslater=aftertwoyearslay放置laid--laid;lie躺lay—lain;lied--liedleave……;leaveout漏掉eg.Ihaveleftmykeysathome.inlight/viewof鉴于,由于likely可能的eg.ItislikelythatcomputerwillcomeintoeveryfamilyinChinainthenearfuture.liveon靠…earnone’sliving谋生belocatedin=besituatedin位于aslongas;beforelong;longbefore;nolonger;longfor渴望eg.HeislongingforthedayhecouldgototheUSA.eg.Youareboundtosucceedaslongasyoukeeptrying.lookafter=takecareoflookdownupon/on,;lookfor;lookinto调查;lookup查（字典）bemadeupof=becomposedof=becomprisedof=consistof由…;makefor朝…走去managetodo设法做; trytodo设法去;trydoing试着..manner,方法=way;method;meansmanners礼貌manya()agreatmany许多eg.Manyastudentinourclasshasseenthefilmmorethanthreetimes.nomatterhow/what/where/when/who…=however/whatever/wherever/whenever什么/哪/何时/谁takemeasures/steps/painstodo…keep/bear…inupone’smind;bedeterminedtodosth.=decidetodosth.mistake; bymistake错误; mistake….for…把…误当….eg.Ioftenmistakehimforhistwinbrother.moment;themoment/minute……; atthemoment目eg.HesaidhewouldinformmethemomenthearrivedBeijing.moreorless或多或少mood;beinthemoodtodoeg.I’minnomoodtoread.mutual,共同的mutualunderstanding;mutualbenefitsnecessary;it’snecessary/important/vital从句中用动词原形donotnecessarily不一定noon;ato’clock….nothingbut=only只有eg.Wecandonothingbutwaitforhelp.nowthat=since既然eg.Nowthatyou’veacceptthejobyou’dbetterdevoteyourselftoit.anumberof;thenumberof数量objectto=beopposedto反对occasion,;ontheoccasionoccupy占领,占据notonly…but(also)注意:连接主语，谓语数的变化2.连接两个句子,notonly后用倒装eg.Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentsareallinterestedinthemovieeg.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherisinterestedinthemovie.eg.NotonlyshouldwelearnEnglishbutweshouldlearnitwell.inone’s在…看来eg.Inmyopinion,smokingshouldbebannedinpublicplaces.operateon做手术orunlesseg.Getoutofthebed,oryou’llbelateforthetrain.(否则)eg.You’llbelateforthetrainunlessyougetoutofthebed()inorderto/that为了origin起源,;originatein;original(adj.)oughttodosth应该overcomeadifficult克服困难playapartin=playarolein起作用;takepartin=participatein参加inparticular特别地takeplace=happen;taketheplaceof代替,;inplace,;outofplace,不恰当的plentyof,大量~~water~~bookspostpone=putoff推迟prefer更喜欢prefertodo/doing;preferdoingsthtodoingsth;prefertodosthratherthandosthpreparefor; makepreparationsfor准备atpresent,当前prevent…keep…stopsb.doingsth.takepridein=beproudof引以为傲makeprogress取得进步pulldown拆除puton穿上putaway,放好putupwith186.outofthequestion;outofquestion没有问题eg.Yoursuggestionisoutofthequestionsincewedon’thaveenoughhands.ratherthan而不是;otherthan除了regret/remember/forgettodo/….;regret/remember/forgetdoing做过remind…,使记起;remind….of….;occur想起eg.Thepictureoftenremindsherofthefiveyearsshespentinthevillage.eg.ItoccurredtomesuddenlythatIhadleftmykeysathome.191.asaresult(of)因此（因为）eg.Asaresultofhis毅),hesucceededincompletinghisstudy.192.regard/view/thinkconsider….(tobe)….把….看作eg.Thestudentsallregardhimastheirfriend.robsbofsth…;stealsbsth偷….runinto;runout(of)=useup,;eg.Mycarhasrunoutofgas.eg.Iusedupmymoneyforthismonthinhalfamonth.forthesakeof为了eg.Hedidallthisforthesakeofyou.thesame…as一样eg.Shewearsthesameskirtasheboughtyesterday.seeoff;seethrough看穿,识破inasense;inaway;toaextent/degree一定程度上eg.Inasense,whathesaidisimportant.eg.Iagreewithyoutosomeextent.sensible;sensitive敏感的setoff出发;setup=establish建立beshortof=lack缺乏lacksth/alackof/belackinginatfirstsight;catchsightof看见besimilarto与相似so; soastodo;sothat为了eg.TheytoldmetovisitherandIdidso.sometime,;sometimes,间或assoonas一..就…;soonerorlater迟早source源头,;resource资源stand=putupwith=bear=endure=tolerate忍受stickto坚持eg.Isticktomyopinion.subjectto遭受eg.Thefami