定语从句专项讲解与练习

定 语

从 句

专 项

讲

解 与

练 习定语从句的定义：从句作定语，修饰名词、代词，这样的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语放在先行词的前面。如果要表达:我喜欢那个漂亮的女孩。 Ilovetheprettygirl.如果要表达：那个喜欢我的女孩。只能借助于定语从句 thegirlwholovesme.其中thegirl即为定语从句的先行词，而 who即为定语从句的关系词。指人：who

、whom关系代词

指物：

which

、as（作主宾表）

指人和物

:that,whose关系词

表时间：

when关系副词

表地点：

where（作状）

表原因：

why1、who指人，who在从句中当主语。HewhohasnotreachedtheGreatWallisn’tatrueman.不到长城非好汉。Theteacher___________spokeatthemeetingjustnowishavingarestinhisoffice.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。2、whom指人，是 who的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语，前面没有介词时，可用Thegirl___________________Ilikeisn’therenow.

who/that

来代替，也可省略。中文意思：____________________________________________________________________Thedoctorwith________________shewenttotheUnitedStateslastmonthisveryfamous.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________Theperson___________________youmetyesterdayisourChineseteacher.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________3、whose指“谁的”，或“某物的”，在从句中作修饰词。whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。Thegirl___________fatherisadoctorisourclassmate.You’retheonlyone____________advicehemightlistento.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________I’dlikearoom_______________windowlooksoutoverthesea.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________4、that在从句中作主语或宾语，既可以指人又可以指物；作宾语时可以省略。Sheistheveryperson(that)Iwanttoseeatonce.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________Aplaneisamachine_____________canfly.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________5、which在从句中作主语或是宾语，只能指物；WestLake______________liesinHangzhouisoneofthemostfamouslakesinChina.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________Thecoat(___________________)Iputonthedeskisblack.6、as当先行词有such,so,thesame等修饰时,关系代词要用as；as在从句中可作主语，宾语和表语。e.g.1).Ihaveneverseensuchakindgirlassheis.2).Heissuchagoodteacher(sogoodateacher)aseverystudentrespects.※但在以下两种情况下有区别 ：.as从句可位于句首 (或主句前),而which从句只能在主句后 。e.g. ____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.Which B.When C.What D.Asthat,which可以在从句中当主语或宾语，当宾语时可以省略。whom在从句中是当宾语的，也可以省略。但是，当以上关系词前面有介词时，就不能省略。）指人时who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，把以下两个句子合并成一句：Ithankthewoman.Thewomanhelpsmealot.Ithankthewomanwho(that)helpsmealot.（主语）ThemanwasJone.Isawhim.Theman(whowhomthat)Isawwasjone.(作宾语)Shewasthewoman.Itoldyouabouther.Shewasthewoman(whowhomthat)Itoldyouabout.(做介词宾语)/ShewasthewomanaboutwhomItoldyou.(介词后只能用宾格 )B）指物时which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，把以下两个句子合并成一句：Aprosperityappearsinthecountryside.Aprosperityhadneverbeenseenbefore.Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which/that在句中作主语）Whereisthebook(which/that)Iboughtlastweek?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.as2.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhichC)Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同ofwhich互换）,例如：Theyrushedovertohelptheman.Hiscarhadbrokendown.Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who's C.which D.whosethat与which的区分A）指物或人时宜用 that的情况：先行词是不定代词all,everything,nothing,anything,much,little,few等时Isthereanything(that)youdon’tunderstand?Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.先行词被all,every,any,no,little,much等修饰时，Iwanttoreadallthebooks___________werewrittenbyLuXun.先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthebestbook(___________)Ihaveeverread.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______________Ihaveeverseen.Thisisthebest________________canbedonenow.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame修饰时，如果是人时，可以用who/whom来代替。Heistheonlyperson___________________canhelpyouout.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________ThisisoneoftheverybookthatIamlookingfor.中文意思：____________________________________________________________________当先行词既指人又指物时。Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethings(____________)wehavevisitedinthiscountry.中文意思：我们正在谈论在这个国家所见过的人和事。关系代词作定语从句中be的表语时，that可以省略。Thecityisnolongertheone(that)itusedtobe.Maryisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.主句是以who,what,which开头的特殊问句时。Whoistheperson_____________ismakingthislecture?是谁在做报告？只能用which不能用that的情况。that，those作主语时ThosewhichareonthedeskareEnglishbooks.先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。Thesun,whichgivesuslightandheat,isverybig.（二）关系副词： when,where,why关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词的用法：1）．when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有： time,day,morning,night,week,year等。如：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.DoyouknowthedatewhenLincolnwasborn?1．Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich2）．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，如：Thisisthehotelwheretheyarestaying.IforgetthehousewheretheSmithslived.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there3）．why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有 reason。如：Thatisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon.注：why时常也可以省略。如：Thatistherealreasonhedidit.请分析一下定语从句： (请划出定语从句，并标出先行词 )CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5. Theysaidsomethingyoudidn ’tlike.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.练习：1.Pleasepassmethecartoonbook________________hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which2.Wheneverhewaslate,hecouldfindplentyofexcuses______________soundedreasonable.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which--Whatareyoulookingfor?--I’mlookingforthebook___________youlentmeyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whose4.Tony,tellmetheresultofthediscussion______________youhadwithyourdadyesterday.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who5.Thebook_______________Iboughtyesterdayislost.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.whom6.Theriver______________isinfrontofmyvillageisquiteclean.A.whoB.whatC./D.that7.MountWuyi____________liesinthenorthofFujianisfamousforitsmountains.A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whose8.--Doyouknowthegirl___________isdancingoverthere?--Yes.SheisTom’ssister.A.whoB.whomC.which9.Successwillbelongtothose___________neversay“impossible”.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which10.Thefirstthing_____________mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.who11.--Isthereanyonehere______________nameisbetty?--Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which12.Allthestudents____________comefromClassFivewillvisittheHistoryMuseum.A.whomB.thatC.whoD.which13.Ilovethe“SuperGirl”LiYuchun______________isbeautifulandsingswell.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.what14.Theathleteto__________youtalkedisafamousrunner.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whose15.Theyoungwoman__________skirtiswhiteisourEnglishteacherMissYang.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that单项选择。-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?-Yes,he’sourheadmaster.A.heB.whoC.whichD.whomIsthistheriver_____Icanswim?Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.itCanyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday?A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtitAnyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagreeMywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.A.thatB.itC.whichwho7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who’sB.hosewC.thatofwhich.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which;isB.whom;wasC.who;isD.who;wasIloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whoTheworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatweliveB.onwhichweliveC.whereweliveinD.welivein.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithustjnow?That,which,which,who,whom.初中定语从句专项练习题1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman_______?A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineer______myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchaman______heusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as18.LiMing,______totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersons________theyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsof____arewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlyperson______I'veevermet______coulddoit.A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,______Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch_______wasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Theway______helooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,______formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.Thatisnottheway______Idoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,______areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametools_______usedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,_______wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.which