20042012catti三级笔译实务真题答案_第1页
20042012catti三级笔译实务真题答案_第2页
20042012catti三级笔译实务真题答案_第3页
20042012catti三级笔译实务真题答案_第4页
20042012catti三级笔译实务真题答案_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩38页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

2021年11月Section1English-ChineseTranslationFORMOREthan30years,IhavebeenwonderingaboutL.R.Generson.OnoneofourfirstChristmasestogether,myhusbandgavemeacompletesetofDickens.Therewere20volumes,boundingrayclothwithblackcorners,oldbutingoodcondition.Stampedontheflyleafofeachvolume,infadedblockletters,wasthenameofthepreviousowner:“L.R.Generson,M.D.,Bronx,NY.〞ThatDickenssetisoneofthebestpresentsanyonehasevergivenme.Acoupleofthebooksarestillpristine,butothers-“BleakHouse,’’“DavidCopperfield,’’andespecially“GreatExpectations’’-havebeenreadandre-readalmosttopieces.Overtheyears,PipandEstellaandMagwitchhavekeptmecompany.SohaveLadyDedlock,SteerforthandPeggotty,theCratchitsandthePecksniffsandtheVeneerings.Andso,inhissilentenigmaticway,hasL.R.Generson.DidhelovethebooksasmuchasIdo?Whowashe?Onawhim,IGoogledhim.Therewasn’tmuch-asinglementiononaveterans’websiteofaWorldWarIIcaptainnamedLeonardGenerson.ButIdidfindaDr.RichardGenerson,anoralsurgeonlivinginNewJersey.SinceGenersonisnotacommonname,Idecidedtowritetohim.Dr.Genersonwaskindenoughtowriteback.Hetoldmethathisfather,LeonardRichardGenerson,wasbornin1909.HelivedinNewYorkCitybutwenttomedicalschoolinBasel,Switzerland.Hespoke10languagesfluently.Asanobstetricianandgynecologist,heopenedapracticeintheBronxshortlybeforeWorldWarII.Hissondescribedhimas“anextremelypatrioticindividual’’;rightafterPearlHarborheclosedhispracticeandenlisted.HeservedthroughoutthewarasageneralsurgeonwithanairbornespecialforcesunitinEurope,wherehebecameoneofthewar’smosthighlydecoratedphysicians.Thelistofhisdecorationsreflectshisordealsandhiscourage:multiplePurpleHearts,theBronzeStarwith“V’’forvalor,theSilverStar,andalsotheCrossofWar,anextremelyhighhonorfromthegovernmentofFrance.Afterthewar,heremainedintheArmyReserveandattainedtherankoffullcolonel,whilealsocontinuinghismedicalpracticeinNewYork.“Hewasaverydedicatedphysicianwhohadalargepatientfollowing,’’hissonwrote.LeonardGenerson’ssondidn’tremembertheDickensset,thoughhetoldmethattherewerealwaysalotofnovelsinthehouse.Hismotherprobably“cleanedhouse’’afterhisfather’sdeathin1977-thesameyearmyhusbandboughtthesetinausedbookstore.Ifoundthisletterverymoving,withitsbriefportraitofanintelligent,bravemanandhislifeofservice.Atthesametime,itmademequestionmypresumptionthatsomehowL.R.GenersonandIwereconnectedbecausewe’downedthesamesetofbooks.Theletterbothtoldmealittleabouthim,andtoldmethatIwouldneverreallyknowanythingabouthim-andwhyshouldI?Hissonmusthavebeenstartledtohearfromastrangeronsuchafragilepretext.WhathadIbeenthinking?Onepossible,andonlysomewhatfacetious,answeristhatI’vereadtoomuchDickens.IntheworldofaDickensnovel,everythingisconnectedtoeverythingelse.Orphansfindfamilies.Loversarejoined(orpartedandmorallystrengthened).Ancientmysteriesaresolvedandoldscoresaresettled.Questionsareanswered.Storiesend.Dickens’sclutterednetworkofconnectedlivesbrilliantlyexaggeratessomethingthatistrueofallofus.Wewanttoimposeorderthroughtellingstories,maybebecausethereissomuchwedon’tknowaboutourownstoriesandthestoriesofthosearoundus.LeonardGenerson’slifetouchedmineonlylightly,throughthecoincidenceofasetofbooks.Butthereareotherliveshetouchedmoredeeply.ThenexttimeIreadaDickensnovel,Iwillthinkofhimandhismilitaryserviceandhis10languages.AndIwillthinkofthehundredsofbabieshemusthavedelivered,whoarenowinthemiddleoftheirownlivesandtheirownstories.Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation总部位于美国印第安纳州的得而达〔Delta〕水龙头公司是美国一家上市公司Masco集团的核心企业。MASCO集团是世界五百强,家居及装饰行业的领导者,在美国乃至世界有70多家子公司,在全球有超过61,000名雇员,年销售额超过121亿美元。自从得而达的创始人AlexManoogian先生在1954年创造了具有划时代意义的单柄水龙头之后,得而达就一直是水龙头制造行业的领导者。德尔达公司是全美水龙头行业中首家成功获得ISO9001质量标准认证的企业。五十多年来一直行业领先,已经成为品质可靠、精巧耐用、物有所值产品的象征。现在,得而达在美国、加拿大及中国拥有5家大型工厂,年产量超过XXX。在美国乃至全球,美国得而达公司的产品正被越来越多的家庭使用。目前,在全球已经安装了超过2亿个得而达水龙头,是全球水暖专家首选品牌。得而达作为水龙头和相关产品的全球专家,能够全方位满足全球顾客对设计、功能、质量、外观方面的每一个要求。参考译文:三十多年来,我一直在思考着L.R.杰内森终究是何许人。在我和丈夫一起度过的最初的几次圣诞节中,有一次他送给我了一整套狄更斯的作品。这些书有二十卷,用一块黑色边角的灰布包裹着,这些书尽管有些旧了但保存完好。每一卷的扉页上,都有模糊的大写字母,显示着它们之前的主人的信息:“L.R.杰内森,医学博士,布朗克斯,纽约。〞这套狄更斯的作品是我收到的最好的礼物之一。有些书现在还很新,但是一些书像?荒凉山庄??大卫-科波菲尔?,尤其是?远大前程?,由于屡次的反复阅读书已几乎变成散页了。多年来书中的人物一直萦绕在我身边,L.R.杰内森也以沉默而神秘的方式陪伴着我。是否他也像我一样喜爱这些书籍?他是谁呢?有一次心血来潮,我上谷歌搜索关于他的信息。没有搜到多少结果,只在一个老兵网站上搜到了一个叫莱昂纳多-杰内森的二战时期的一个上尉。但是我找到了莱昂纳多-杰内森博士,他是一位新泽西周的口腔医生。由于杰内森不是一个常用的名字,于是我决定写信给他。杰内森博士很热心的给我回信。他告诉我他的父亲莱昂纳多-理查德-杰内森1909年生于纽约。后来在瑞士巴塞尔的一家医学院学习,他能熟练的讲十种语言。作为一名产科医生和妇科医生,他二战前不久在布朗克斯曾开了一家诊所。他儿子把他描述为一个极端的爱国主义者;日本偷袭珍珠港后,他随即关闭了诊所参了军。战争期间他以一个医生的身份和一个空军特别飞行队一起在欧洲服役,在当地他成了一名被赋予极高荣誉的医生。他所获得的种种荣誉反映出他所受到的严峻考验及勇气:多个紫心勋章,带有象征英勇V字母的青铜星章,银星勋章以及法国政府所颁发的一项享有极高荣誉的战争十字勋章。战争完毕后,他仍在陆军预备役任职,获得了上校军衔,同时,他在纽约继续从医。他儿子说,“他是一名非常敬业的内科医生,很多患者慕名向他求医。〞莱昂纳多·杰内森的儿子不记得那套狄更斯的书籍,但是他告诉我当时他们家一直有很多小说。他的妈妈在1977年他父亲去世后“清理过房间〞,而恰在那一年,我丈夫在一家二手书店买了那套书。尽管这封信只简单描述了一个智慧、勇敢的人以及他的军旅生活,但我觉得这封信很感人。同时,我不禁产生一个疑问,由于我和L.R.杰内森曾共同拥有一套书,我们之间是否有某种缘分。那封信也告诉我了一些他的情况,而且信中还说我不会真正地了解他。为什么我要了解他呢?当他的儿子收到一个陌生人以如此勉强的一个借口给他写来的信时一定会很惊讶。我当时是怎么想的?一种可能的而且是唯一听起来比拟可笑的答复就是我读了太多狄更斯的小说。在他的小说里,任何事物都和其他的事物相关联。他的小说故事完毕时,孤儿最终找到了亲人,有情人终成眷属,古老的秘密终被解开,昔日的宿怨最终化解,疑问终被解答。在一套书的机缘巧合下,莱昂纳多·杰内森的人生对我的生活产生了些许的影响。但他深深地影响了其他人的生活。下次我再阅读狄更斯的小说时,我会想到他,想到他的军旅生涯,和他所讲的10种语言。我也会想到他所接生的数百名婴儿---他们现在正行走在自己的人生道路上,并且书写着自己的故事。DeltaWaterFaucetCompany,withitsheadquarterslocatedinIndiana,U.S.,isthecoreenterpriseoftheU.S.listedMascoCorporation.AsoneoftheworldTop500Enterprises,theCorporationremainstheleadinfurnishinganddecoratingindustry,boastingover70subsidiariesintheU.S.andaroundtheword,withmorethan61,000employeesworldwideandanannualsalesvolumeofover12.1billion

USdollars.

Deltahasallalongbeentheleaderofwaterfaucetproducingindustrysinceitsfounder,Mr.AlexManoogian,inventedthesingle-handlewaterfaucetwithepoch-makingsignificancein1954.ItisthefirstAmericanwaterfaucetcorporationtohavesuccessfullyobtainedtheofISO9001QualityStandardCertification.Overthepastmorethanfivedecades,Deltahasbecomethesymbolofreliablequality,delicatenessanddurability,andproductsdeservingtheprice.〔Thepastmorethanfivedecadeshasmarkedtheleadershipofthecorporationinitsindustryandtheproducthasbeensymbolizedbyitsreliablequality,delicatedesign,durabilityandbettervalueformoney.〕DeltaownsfivelargefactoriesintheU.S.,CanadaandChina,withanannualoutputof......Delta’sproductsarenowwinninggreaterpopularityamong(arewinningmoreaccessto)familiesintheU.S.andaroundtheworld.Nowadays,over200millionDeltawaterfaucetsareinstalledallovertheworld,andthebrandisthetopchoiceforglobalplumbingexperts.Astheglobalexpertofwaterfaucetsandrelevantproducts,Deltacancomprehensivelymeetalltherequirementsofglobalcustomersondesigns,functions,qualityandoutwardappearance.2021年5月Section1English-ChineseTranslation〔2021年5月26日纽约时报〕PALOSDELAFRONTERA,Spain—BackhomeinGambia,AmadouJallowwas,at22,aloverofreggaewhohadjustfinishedcollegeandhadlandedajobteachingscienceinahighschool.ButEuropebeckoned.InhisWestAfricanhomeland,Mr.Jallow’ssalarywastheequivalentofjust50eurosamonth,barelyenoughforthenecessities,hesaid.AndeverywhereinhisneighborhoodinSerekunda,Gambia’slargestcity,therewastalkofeasymoneytobemadeinEurope.Nowhelaughsbitterlyaboutallthattalk.HelivesinapatchofwoodshereinsouthernSpain,justoutsidethevillageofPalosdelaFrontera,withhundredsofotherimmigrants.Theyhavebuilttheirhomesoutofplasticsheetingandcardboard,unsureifthewatertheydrinkfromanopenpipeissafe.Aftersixyearsonthecontinent,Mr.Jallowisrailthin,andhiseyeshaveayellowtinge.“Wearenotbushpeople,〞hesaidrecentlyashegatheredtwigstostartafire.“Youthinkyouarecivilized.Butthisishowwelivehere.Wesufferhere.〞ThepoliticalupheavalinLibyaandelsewhereinNorthAfricahasopenedthewayforthousandsofnewmigrantstomaketheirwaytoEuropeacrosstheMediterranean.Alreadysome25,000havereachedtheislandofLampedusa,Italy,andhundredsmorehavearrivedatMalta.Theboats,atfirst,broughtmostlyTunisians.Butlatelytherehavebeenmoresub-Saharans.Expertssaythousandsmore—manyofwhomhavebeenmovingaroundNorthAfricatryingtogettoEuropeforyears,includingSomalis,Eritreans,SenegaleseandNigerians—arelikelytofollow,surethatabetterlifeawaitsthem.ButforMr.Jallowandformanyotherswhoarrivedbeforethem,oftenafterdaysatseawithoutfoodorwater,Europehasofferedhardshipstheyneverimagined.ThesedaysMr.Jallowsurvivesontwomealsaday,mostlyaleadenpastemadefromflourandoil,whichhestirswithabranch.“Itkeepsthehungeraway,〞hesaid.Theauthoritiesestimatethatthereareperhaps10,000immigrantslivinginthewoodsinthesouthernSpanishprovinceofAndalusia,aregionknownforitscropsofstrawberries,raspberriesandblueberries,andtherearethousandsmoremigrantsinareasthatproduceolives,orangesandvegetables.MostofthemhavestoriesthatechoMr.Jallow’s.Fromtheroad,theirencampmentslooklikeigloostuckedamongthetrees.Upclose,thesqualorisclear.Pilesofgarbageandfliesareeverywhere.Oldclothes,stifffromdirtandrain,hangfrombranches.“Thereiseverythinginthere,〞saidDiegoCañamero,theleaderofthefarmworkers’unioninAndalusia,whichtriestoadvocateforthemen.“Youhaveratsandsnakesandmiceandfleas.〞Themeninthewoodsdonotcallhomewiththetruth,though.TheysendpicturesofthemselvesposingnexttoMercedescarsparkedonthestreet,thekindofpicturesthatMr.Jallowsayshefellforsomanyyearsago.Nowheshakeshisheadtowardhisneighbors,whowillnottalktoreporters.“Somanylies,〞hesaid.“Itisterriblewhattheyaredoing.Buttheyareembarrassed.Evennow,though,Mr.JallowwillnotconsidergoingbacktoGambia.“Iwouldprefertodiehere,〞hesaid.“Icannotgohomeempty-handed.IfIwenthome,theywouldbesaying,“Whathaveyoubeendoingwithyourself,Amadou?’TheythinkinEuropethereismoneyallover.〞Theimmigrants—virtuallyallofthemaremen—clusterbynationalityandlookforworkonthefarms.ButMr.Cañamerosaystheyareofferedonlytheleastdesirablework,likehandlingpesticides,andlittleofitatthat.Mosthavenoworkingpapers.Occasionally,thepolicebringbulldozerstoteardowntheshelters.Butthemen,whohaveusuallyusedtheirfamily’slifesavingstogethere,aremostlyleftalone—theconditionstheyliveunderareanopensecretinthenearbyvillages.ThemayorofPalosdeLaFronteradidnotreturnphonecallsaboutthecamp.ButJuanJoséVolante,themayorofnearbyMoguer,whichhasanevenlargerencampment,issuedastatementsayingthetowndidnothaveenoughmoneytohelpthemen.“Theproblemistoobigforus,〞hesaid.“Ofcourse,wewouldliketodomore.〞Onawarmspringnight,someofthemenplaycardssittingontheplasticpesticidecontainersandbrokenfurnituretheyhavecollectedfromthetrash.Somedriftintotowntosocializeandbuysupplies,iftheyhavemoney.Buttheyarenotwelcomeinthelocalbars.DuringtheWorldCuplastyear,thefarmworkers’unionarrangedforatrucktosetupagianttelevisionscreenintheforestsothemencouldwatchit.“Thebarsdon’twantthem,〞Mr.Cañamerosaid.“Theysaythemensmellbadandtheyarenotgoodforbusiness.MostofthemareMuslim,andtheydon’tbuyalcohol.〞Mr.Jallowhadhismother’sblessingbuthadnottoldhisfatherabouthisplanswhenhelefthomeonhisbicyclein2002,headingforSenegal,wherehehopedtofindaboattotheCanaryIslands.HeendedupinGuinea-Bissau,where,onenighttwoyearslater,hegotwordthataboatforEuropewouldleaveinafewhours.Thereweresomanypeopleaboard—131—thathewasbarelyabletomoveforthe11dayshespentatsea.Thelastfivedayswerewithoutfoodandwater.Passengerswerevomitingconstantly,hesaid.Theyoungmansittingnexttohimdiedonenight,thoughnoonenoticeduntilthemorning.Hisbodywasthrownoverboard.“Alotofuscouldnotwalkwhentheytookusofftheboat,〞herecalled.“Icouldstillwalk,butitwaslikeIwasdrunk.IputmyselfinGod’shandsthathewouldtakecareofme.〞After40daysinadetentioncenterintheCanaryIslandshewasbroughttothemainlandandreleasedwithastandardordertoleavethecountry.“IthoughtIwasgoingtobeamillionaire,〞Mr.Jallowsaid.Hismothermanagedtogetanuncleonthephonewhosaidhewouldmeethimatatrainstation.Butwhenhearrivedthere,hisuncle’sphonerangandrang.Later,helearnedhisunclelivednowherenearthestation.Soon,hewassteeredtotheforestbyotherimmigrants.InthesixyearshehaslivedinSpain,Mr.Jallowhasfoundtemporaryworkinrestaurantsorinthefields,sometimesmaking30euros,orabout$42,for10hoursofwork.Hesayshehasmadeabout12,000euros,closeto$17,000,sincecomingtoEurope,andsentmaybeathirdofithome.Hehasnottalkedtohisfamilyinmonthsbecausehehasnomoney.“Timesarebadforeveryonehere,〞hesaid.“Notlongago,Isawmyuncleinthewoods.ButItoldhimhewasnothingtome.〞Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation〔胡锦涛法国戛纳二十国集团第六次峰会讲话〕今年是中国参加世贸组织10周年。10年来,中国经济开展实现了新的跨越,对世界经济增长的奉献日益增大。10年来,中国平均关税水平从15.3%降至9.8%,到达并超过了世贸组织对开展中国家的要求。10年来,中国总计从海外进口达8.5万亿美元,为各国开展提供了广阔市场。中国经济社会开展的总体形势是好的。在世界经济形势依然复杂多变的情况下,中国有针对性地加强和改善宏观调控,着力稳物价、调构造、保民生、促和谐,经济增长由政策刺激向自主增长有序转变,国民经济继续朝着宏观调控的预期方向开展。为了稳固经济社会开展良好势头,我们将坚持以科学开展为主题、以加快转变经济开展方式为主线,继续加强和改善宏观调控,继续处理好保持经济平稳较快开展、调整经济构造、管理通胀预期的关系,更加注重以人为本,更加注重全面协调可持续开展,更加注重统筹兼顾,更加注重改革开放,更加注重保障和改善民生。中国经济开展的前景是光明的。中国经济保持平稳较快开展,对世界经济开展无疑将是有利的。参考译文:非洲人在欧洲的寻金梦带着追富梦想的非洲人,去往欧洲,找到的仅仅是肮脏和鄙陋。艾玛得.杰罗在去欧洲之前,在岗比亚教授自然科学,他的避风帐篷位于西班牙的拂兰特龙。“我想我会成为百万富翁。〞在西班牙拂兰特龙的一处违法营蓬里,一个男人说道:“我们不是原始人,只不过欧洲对我们有太大的吸引力罢了。〞在位于非洲家乡的时候,杰罗先生差不多一月能拿到越50欧元的薪水,这对于自己的生活开支已经十分足够.在岗比亚最大城市Serekunda,人们谈论着欧洲,那里的钱十分好挣。现在,他对于上述谈论带着一种苦不堪言的意味,我们居住在位于西班牙南部的一片丛林当中,在这个村子外面,是来至其它国家的上百移民。他们用塑胶块和硬纸板建造自己的家,他们饮用的水的管道,不知从何而来,水的平安性也不得而知。在这片大陆生活六年之后,杰罗先生,已经变得十分消瘦,眼睛里生出了一道黄色的皱纹。“我们并非是丛林中的土著原始人群〞,最近当他把找来的树枝点燃成为篝火的时候,他传递了这样的声音。“你认为自己十分现代了,但我们居住的环境十分差,我们正遭受痛苦。〞利比亚的政治动乱,非洲北部的不稳定因素成为成千上万的欧洲新移民漂移过地中海,转至欧洲的主要因素。已经超过25000人抵达欧洲的意大利岛,有数百人已远达马尔塔岛。靠船运输带来几乎所有淘金者,之后又有新的交运工具出现。专家们指出大约有上千的从非洲北部出发赶往欧洲,这中情形已有几年历史了。索马里人,尼日利亚人都是通过此种方式转向欧洲,他们都相信有更好的生活在等待着他们。但是,正如杰罗先生在几年前所经历的一样,在海上的时候,他们接连好几天都处于没有食物跟水的情形,在当时,杰罗先生在两天才一顿饭的状态下得以幸存,在航行途中的困难情形是他们从未想到过的。油加面粉,再用树枝搅拌即可食用了。“这样就不会怕饿了〞他说道。

据政府估计,约有一万以上的移民居住在西班牙南部Andalusia省的丛林中,因为那里有很多草莓,葡萄,蓝果等。更多的人居住在生产绒毛,橘子,蔬菜的地区。他们中的大多数拥有同杰罗先生的经历。从路旁开场,他们所居住的地方十分像挂在树上的浣熊一般。挂起的衣服,一切看起来都有那么点肮脏和鄙陋,垃圾和废纸散落一地。淤泥和雨水浸泡过的旧衣物也变得十分僵硬,挂满了大树的枝干。““在这里什么都有〞DiegoCañamero如此说道,他是Andalusia农场工作联盟的领导者,他总是试着去倡导人们。“你有大老鼠和蛇,米饭,跳蚤“他如此说道。居住在丛林中的人们,面对困难的现实,他们都不太往家里打,尽管如此,他们还是继续奋斗着。他们把图片送往停有奔驰车的街道里。Jallow先生说道,他为此准备了很久。现在,他会朝拒绝采访的邻居们摇头。〞如此之多的谎话“他说道。〞他们所做的事情

相当老火,因为他们处于令人发窘的状态。“即使是在现在,Jallow先生没有想过要回岗比亚。〞我更愿意死在这里〞我不能空着手回去,如果我回去,他们就会问,你一直在干什么?他们认为欧洲到处都是钱。这些移民事实上以男性居多.大都以国籍一样而聚集在一起而且都在寻找农场上的活.但是提供给他们大活往往都些要求很低的工作例如搬运杀虫剂.还有诸如此类的事情.他们中的大多都没有时机从事文职工作.很多人把自己家里的所有储蓄都花在欧洲了结果呢大多数不得不单独离开-----居住环境之差已经成为当地人公开的秘密.当地市长对此没有做任何回应.在其它城市这样的帐篷区还有更大数量的人群.公开的信息称政府没有足够钱来帮助他们."这个问题实在是一个大问题。"他说,"当然我们也愿意做更多的事情来帮助他们.〞在一个春天的夜晚他们当中的一局部人在玩牌就在用塑料杀虫包装和他们从垃圾堆里拣来的旧家具的帐篷里.如果有钱的话,一局部人会到市区去购置生活必需品.他们在当地的酒吧并不受欢送.在去年的世界杯大赛期间劳动者联盟搭建了一幅巨型电视屏幕为树林里大移民者播放世界杯赛况这样的话就不会错过比赛了.杰罗先生跟他妈妈一直都在祈祷,同时也未曾告诉他的爸爸有关于离家乘船到欧洲去的方案,他希望能找到Canary岛。他骑车来到Guinea-Bissau,在这里,两年前他在这里滞留了一个夜晚,有人告知他,有船将要起航到欧洲。船上挤满了人,大约有十多天的时间,船上的人都无法动弹,而且到了最后五天的时候,就断水断粮了。船上的人几乎都要出现频繁呕吐的状况。一个年轻小伙子,坐在他旁边,在一天夜里死掉了,知道天亮了的时候人们才发现,他的尸体被直接扔到海里。“我们中的大多数登船以后都无法动弹〞他回述道。“我还可以移动几步,但是看起来我好似是喝醉了酒似的。我把自己交付到上帝的手里,希望他能照顾我。〞在Canary岛滞留40天后他被带到马里兰岛,被统一标准的命令释放。“我想我成为百万富翁的时间快要到了。〞杰罗先生说道。他妈妈在中联系了孩子的叔叔,让他在火车站来接这孩子。但是等到了的时候,就打不通了。之后,他了解到他的叔叔就住在火车站附近。很快,在其它移民的指导下,他来到了森林集聚地。在西班牙的六年时间里,杰罗先生在酒店和田野做过临时工,有时能挣到30欧元,或者是工作10小时才能得到42欧元。他说他已经挣到了12000欧元,自从离家以来,他经常几个月不同家里人联系,因为他实在是没什么钱。“对于每一个人来说,这里的时光十分困难〞

他说“不久之前我在树林里见到了我的叔叔。但是我告诉他,他已经不再重要了。〞ThisyearmarksthetenthanniversaryofChina'saccessiontotheWTO.Inthepasttenyears,China'seconomyhasmadesignificantadvanceanditscontributiontoworldeconomicgrowthhasbeengrowing.China'saveragetarifflevelhasdroppedfrom15.3%to9.8%,whichislowerthantheWTOrequirementfordevelopingcountries.Itstotalimportsinthisperiodhavereached8.5trillionUSdollars,creatingahugemarketforothercountries.TheoverallsituationofChina'seconomicandsocialdevelopmentisgood.Inthefaceofthecomplexandvolatileglobaleconomicenvironment,Chinahastakentargetedmeasuresthisyeartostrengthenandimprovemacrocontrol,withfocusonstabilizingprices,adjustingtheeconomicstructure,ensuringpeople'swell-being,andpromotingharmony.TheChineseeconomyisdrivenmorebyitsinternaldynamismthanpolicystimulus.Anditismovinginthedirectionconsistentwiththeobjectivesofmacrocontrol.TosustainthesoundmomentumofChina'seconomicandsocialdevelopment,wewillcontinuetopursuedevelopmentinascientificwayandredoubleeffortstoshiftthegrowthmodel.Wewillcontinuetostrengthenandimprovemacrocontrol,andmaintainabalancebetweenachievingsteadyandfasteconomicgrowth,adjustingtheeconomicstructureandmanaginginflationexpectation.Puttingpeople'sinterestsfirstandtakingaholisticapproachtodevelopment,wewillworkhardertoachieveall-round,balancedandsustainabledevelopment,deepenreformandopening-up,andimprovepeople'swell-being.Iamconvincedthat,throughhardworkandwiththeunderstandingandsupportoftheinternationalcommunity,wewillhaveabrightprospectfortheChineseeconomy.AndcontinuedsteadyandfasteconomicgrowthinChinawillservetheinterestofglobaleconomicgrowth.2021年11月Section1English-ChineseTranslation〔2006年11月14日纽约时报〕Thismonth,theUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgrammadewaterandsanitationthecenterpieceofitsflagshippublication,theHumanDevelopmentReport.Claimsofa"waterapartheid,"wherepoorpeoplepaymoreforwaterthantherich,areboundtoattractattention.Butwhataretheeconomicsbehindtheproblem,andhowcanitbefixed?Incountriesthathavetroubledeliveringcleanwatertotheirpeople,alackofinfrastructureisoftentheculprit.Peopleinareasthatarenotservedbypublicutilitieshavetorelyoncostlierwaysofgettingwater,suchasitinerantwatertrucksandtrekstowells.Paradoxically,asthewatersourcesgetcostlier,thewateritselftendstobemoredangerous.Waterpipedbyutilities-totherichandthepooralike-isusuallycleanerthanwatertruckedinorcollectedfromanoutdoortank.TheproblemexistsnotonlyinruralareasbuteveninbigcitieslikeManilaandJakarta,saidHakanBjorkman,programdirectoroftheUNagencyinThailand.Further,subsidiesmadetolocalwatersystemsoftenendupbenefitingpeopleotherthanthepoor,headded.Theagencyproposesathree-stepsolution.First,makeaccessto20liters,or5gallons,ofcleanwateradayahumanright.Next,makelocalgovernmentsaccountablefordeliveringthisservice.Last,investininfrastructuretolinkpeopletowatermains.Thereportsaysgovernments,especiallyindevelopingcountries,shouldspendatleast1percentofgrossdomesticproductonwaterandsanitation.Italsorecommendsthatforeignaidbemoredirectedtowardtheseproblems.Clearly,thisapproachreliesheavilyongovernmentintervention,somethingBjorkmanreadilyacknowledged.Buttherearesomemarket-basedapproachesaswell.Byofferingcut-rateconnectionstopoorpeopletothewatermainline,theprivatewaterutilityinAbidjan,IvoryCoast,hassteadilyincreasedaccesstocleanwater,accordingtotheagency’sreport.Asubsidymaynotevenbenecessary,despitetheagency’sproposals,ifacountrycanharnesstheeconomicbenefitsofprovidingcleanwater.Peoplewhoreceivecleanwateraremuchlesslikelytodiefromwater-bornediseases-acommonmaladyinthedevelopingworld-andmuchmorelikelytoenjoylong,productive,taxpayinglivesthatcanbenefittheirhostcountries.Soifagovernmentistryingtoraisefinancingtoinvestinnewinfrastructure,itmightfindreceptiveearsinprivatecreditmarkets-aslongasitcanharnessthereturn.Similarly,privatecompaniesmaycalculatethatitisworthbringingcleanwatertoanareaifitsresidentsarewillingtopaybacktheinvestmentovermanyyears.Inthemeantime,somelocalsolutionsarebeingfound.InThailand,Bjorkmansaid,somesmallcommunitiesaretakingchallengeslikewateraccessuponthemselves."Peopleorganizethemselvesingroupstoleveragewhatlittleresourcestheyhavetohelptheircommunities,"hesaid."That’sespeciallytrueoutintheruralareas.Theyinvesttheirmoneyinrevolvingfundsandsavingschemes,andtheyinvestthemselvestoimprovetheirvillages."Itisnotalwayseasytotakethesesolutionsandreplicatetheminothercountries,though.Assemblingabroadmenuofdifferentapproachescanbethefirststepinfindingtherightsolutionforagivenregionorcountry.Section2Chinese-EnglishTranslation即使遇到丰收年景,对中国来说,要用世界百分之七的耕地养活全球五分之一的人口仍是一项艰巨的任务。中国政府面临许多挑战,最严峻的挑战之一就是耕地流失。过去几年中,平均每年有66.7万公顷耕地被城市扩建、工业开展以及公路建立工程占用,另有1万平方公里的耕地被沙漠吞噬。中国北方地区地下水位下降,农民不得不改种耐旱、地产作物,甚至撂荒。同时,农业根底设施损耗严重,三分之二的灌溉设施需要整修。由于农民为增加收入而改种经济作物,农业生产方式正在转变。过去十几年,全国水果和蔬菜种植面积平均每年增加130万公顷。因此,水稻、玉米及小麦产量急剧下降。中国已由粮食净出口国变为粮食净进口国。中国政府把农业改革视为头等大事,投入大量资金用于提高小麦和稻米的收购价以及改良农田灌溉根底设施。近年来,农产品的价格稳步上升,中国政府采取此项措施以提高农民种粮的积极性。参考译文:本月,联合国开展规划将水利和公共设施列为其高端出版物—人类开展报告的核心内容。在一些地方穷人比富人支付的水费要多,因此关于“水隔离制度〞的主张应当引起关注。但是问题背后的经济如何,怎么解决这一问题,一些国家不能为人们提供纯洁水,究其原因常常是缺乏根底设施。在不能依靠公共设施供水的地方,人们需要需要通过昂贵的方式来获取水资源,例如卡车循环运送水或者长途跋涉到水井取水。水资源越昂贵,水质似乎越劣质,这是自相矛盾的。由公共设施运送到千家万户的水,穷人和富人同等对待,常常比从户外蓄水池中得来的水要干净。HakanBjorkman是联合国泰国事务处的方案主管,他说:“这一问题不仅仅存在于乡村地区,甚至是在大城市也是如此。〞此外,他补充道,当地水利机构提供的补助最终受益人是除了穷人以外的人民群众。该事务处提出了一项三步走解决方案。第一步是使每天获得20升或者5加仑纯洁水成为一项公民权利。第二步是促使地方政府义务提供这项效劳。第三步是在人们和水路总线之间引进根底设施进展联接。该项报告称,政府,尤其是在开展中国家,应当至少花费GDP的1%用于水源和公共设施。它同时强调,外国援助要更直接用于解决这些问题。很明显,这一方法主要依靠政府干预,Bjorkman很认同这一点。当然也存在一些基于市场的举措。据事务处的报告,科特迪瓦的首都阿比让提供打了折扣的管道联系穷人和水路总线,其民间水利设施逐渐增加了纯洁水供给。如果国家能利用供给纯洁水的经济益处,甚至可能不再需要补助,尽管这是事务处的提议。获得纯洁水的人们更不容易死于由水传播的疾病,因而更长寿、更富足,并且所纳税款有利于他们的国家,然而在开展中国家存在这样一个普遍的弊端。因此如果政府尽力提高资金引进新根底设施,那么它将在民间信贷市场获得良好声誉,前提是它能充分利用这一回报。同样的,私营企业可能会估算,如果当地居民乐意长期回报这一投资,将纯洁水引入某一地区这一举措是很有价值的。与此同时出现了一些地方性解决方案。Bjorkman说:“在泰国,一些小型协会正在应对通过自身力量获取水资源的挑战。他说:“人们自发组织起来,用他们仅有的少量水源来帮助社区。那种情况是农村地区的真实写照。他们投入自己的钱用于资金周转和节约方案并且他们投身于改善他们的城镇。然而,实施这些方案并且在其他国家如法炮制并不总是那么容易。〞首先应广泛收集各种不同的解决方案,以找到适应于特定地区或国家的正确方案。ForChina,itisstillanarduoustasktofeedone-fifthpopulationoftheworldwithsevenpercentsfieldontheearth,eveninagoodharvestyear.TheChinesegovernmentisfacedwithmanychallenges,oneofthemostseriousisthecultivatedarealoses.Inthepastseveralyears,0.667millionhectarescultivatedareaswaereaveragelyusedtoexpandthecity,developindustriesandroadconstructionprogramseveryyear,andotheronebillionsquaremetreswereswallowedbythedesert.ThelevelofwaterinthenorthernChinahasfallen,sothatthefarmershadnochoicebuttoplantcropsthataredrought-enduringandgrownintheearth,evenplantnothinginthefield.Inthemeantime,theagriculturalinfrastructurewascausedlossseriouslyandtwo-thirdsirrigationfacilitiesneededtobefixed.Thepatternoftheagriculturalproductionisundergoingtransformationbecausethefarmershaveplantedindustrialcropsinsteadtoincreaseincomes.Inthelastdecadesofyears,theareaunderfruitandvegetablesaveragelyincreased1.3millionhectaresyearbyyear.Sotheyieldofrice,cornandwheatdecreasedrapidly.Chinabecameanetexportcountryinsteadofanetimportcountry.TheChinesegovernmenthasgiventhegreatestprioritytotheagriculturalreformandinvestedalargeamountofmoneytoraisethepricesofwheatandrice,aswellasimprovedirrigationinfrastructureforfields.Inrecentyears,thepriceofagriculturalproductshasincreasedsteadilyandtheChinesegovernmenthastakenthemeasuretoraisetheactivityoffarmerstoplantgrains.2021年5月Section1English-ChineseTranslation〔纽约时报〕TONEHENGE,England—TheprehistoricmonumentofStonehengestandstallintheBritishcountrysideasoneofthelastremnantsoftheNeolithicAge.Recentlyithasalsobecomethelatestsymbolofanotherera:thenewfiscalausterity.Renovations—includingaplantoreplacethesite’srun-downvisitorscenterwithonealmostfivetimesbiggerandtocloseabusyroadthatrunsalongthe5,000-year-oldmonument—hadtobemothballedinJune.TheBritishgovernmenthadsuddenlywithdrawn£10million,or$16million,infinancingfortheprojectaspartofabudgetsqueeze.Stonehenge,onceatemplewithgiantstoneslabsalignedinacircletomarkthepassageofthesun,isamongthemostprominentvictimsofthegovernment’sspendingcuts.Thedecisionwasheavilycriticizedbylocallawmakers,especiallybecauseStonehenge,aUnescoWorldHeritagesite,waspartofLondon’ssuccessfulbidtohostthe2021OlympicGames.Theshabbyvisitorscentertherenowisalreadytoosmallforthe950,000peoplewhovisitStonehengeeachyear,letalonetheadditionalonslaughtoftouristsexpectedfortheGames,thelawmakerssay.StonehengeisthebusiesttouristattractioninBritain’ssouthwest,toppingevenWindsorCastle.Butnomajorimprovementshavebeenmadetothefacilitiestheresincetheywerebuilt40yearsago.Fornow,portabletoiletsleadfromacrammedparkinglot,viaamakeshiftsouvenirshopinatent,toaticketofficeoppositeasmallkioskthatsellscoffeeandsnacks.Theoverhaulwasscheduledfornextspring.PlansbythearchitecturalfirmDentonCorkerMarshallwouldkeepthestonemonumentitselfunchanged.Butthecurrentticketofficeandshopwouldbedemolishedandanewvisitorscenterwouldbebuiltontheothersideofthemonument,abouttwoandahalfkilometers,or1.5miles,fromthestones.Thecenterwouldincludeashopalmostfivetimesthesizeof

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

最新文档

评论

0/150

提交评论