李爱华、程磊-面向对象程序的设计课后答案(完整版)

..第二章2-4#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;Add<inta,intb>;intmain<>{intx,y,sum;cout<<"pleaseinputxandy:";cin>>x>>y;sum=add<x,y>;cout<<x<<"+"<<y<<"="<<sum<<endl;}Add<inta,intb>{returna+b;}2-5<1>thisisaC++program.<2>x=50.6y=10z=Ax=216.34y=10z=Ax=216.34y=2z=Ax=216.34y=2z=E<3>x y z500 1000 0500 1500 1500500 200 15002-6#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;intmain<>{int*p,*init;intcountp=0;intcountn=0;p=newint[20];init=p;for<inti=0;i<20;i++>{cin>>*p;p++;}p=p-20;for<i=0;i<20;i++>{ if<*p>0>countp++; if<*p<0>countn++;cout<<*p<<"";p++;}cout<<"正数有:"<<countp<<endl;cout<<"负数有:"<<countn<<endl;p=init;delete[]p;return0;}2-7不做要求#include<iostream>//#include<string>usingnamespacestd;voidcheckagescore<stringname,intage>{ if<name=="exit">throwname; if<age<0||age>50> throwage;}intmain<>{ stringname; intage; for<inti=0;i<5;i++> { cin.ignore<>; getline<cin,name>; cin>>age; try { checkagescore<name,age>; } catch<string> { cout<<"exception:nameisexit"<<endl; continue; } catch<int> { cout<<"exception:ageisnotproper"<<endl; continue; } cout<<"name:"<<name<<"age:"<<age<<endl; } return0;}第三章3-1〔1A 〔2C 〔3B 〔4C 〔5C〔6B 〔7B 〔8C 〔9C3-7〔1main<>函数中p1.age=30;语句是错误的。age是类的私有成员〔2构造函数应当给常数据成员和引用成员初始化,将构造函数改为：A<inta1,intb1>:a<a1>,b<b1>{}或A<inta1>:a<a1>,b<a>{}再将main中的Aa<1,2>;改为Aa<1>;<3><1>在Test类中添加语句：voidprint<>;voidPrint<>{cout<<x<<"-"<<y<<"="<<x-y<<endl;}改为voidTest::Print<>{cout<<x<<"-"<<y<<"="<<x-y<<endl;}main函数中Init<38,15>;改为：A.Init<38,15>;Print<>;改为：A.Print<>;3-8<1>ConstructingAConstructingBDestructingBDestructingA<2>doublea,doublebpoint&pp.x3-9classbox{intlen1,len2,len3;public:box<intl1,intl2,intl3>{len1=l1;len2=l2;len3=l3;}longvolumn<>{returnlen1*len2*len3;}};3-10classTest{ intm1,m2;public: voidInit<inta,intb>{m1=a;m2=b;} voidPring<>{cout<<m1<<""<<m2<<endl;}};3-11略3-12}第四章4-6〔1D 〔2D 〔3D 〔4D 〔5B〔6D4-7〔1staticintcount=0;这样初始化静态成员值是不对的将其改为staticintcount;在类外,main函数前加intSample::count=0;〔2#include<iostream>//#include<cstdlib>usingnamespacestd;classCtest{private: intx;constinty1;public: constinty2; Ctest<inti1,inti2>:y1<i1>,y2<i2> { y1=10;//y1为常量不能赋值 x=y1; } intreadme<>const;};intCtest::readme<>const{ inti; i=x; x++;//常函数内不能改变成员值 returnx;}intmain<>{ Ctestc<2,8>; inti=c.y2; c.y2=i;//y2为常量,不能改值 i=c.y1;//y1私有,类外不能访问 return0;}将出错语句全部注释4-8<1>题中印刷错误,将classC构造函数改为：C<>{cout<<"constructorC:";}运行结果为：constructorAconstructorBconstructorC<2>40<3>3434-9#include<iostream.h>#include<stdio.h>classDate{intyear;intmonth;intday;public:Date<inty,intm,intd>{year=y;month=m;day=d;}voiddisp<>{cout<<year<<""<<month<<""<<day<<endl;}friendintcount_day<Date&d,intk>;friendintl<intyear>;friendinth<Date&d1,Date&d2>;};intcount_day<Date&d,intk>{staticintday_tab[2][12]={{31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31},{31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31}};//使用二维数组存放各月天数,第一行对应非闰年,第二行对应闰年intj,i,s;if<l<d.year>>j=1;//闰年,取1elsej=0;//非闰年,取0if<k>//K非0时{s=d.day;for<i=1;i<d.month;i++>//d.month为输入的月份s+=day_tab[j][i-1];}else//K为0时{s=day_tab[j][d.month]-d.day;for<i=d.month+1;i<=12;i++>s+=day_tab[j][i-1];}returns;//S为相差的天数}intl<intyear>{if<year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0>//是闰年return1;else//不是闰年return0;}inth<Date&d1,Date&d2>{intdays,day1,day2,y;if<d1.year<d2.year>//第一个日期年份小于第二个日期年份{days=count_day<d1,0>;for<y=d1.year+1;y<d2.year;y++>if<l<y>>//闰年days+=366L;else//非闰年days+=365L;days+=count_day<d2,1>;}elseif<d1.year==d2.year>{day1=count_day<d1,1>;day2=count_day<d2,1>;days=day2-day1;}elsedays=-1;returndays;}voidmain<>{intyear1,year2,month1,month2,day1,day2;cout<<"输入日期1"<<endl; cin>>year1>>month1>>day1;cout<<"输入日期2"<<endl; cin>>year2>>month2>>day2;Dated1<year1,month1,day1>,d2<year2,month2,day2>;intds=h<d1,d2>;{cout<<"输出结果:"<<endl;}if<ds>=0>{d1.disp<>;printf<"与">;d2.disp<>;printf<"之间有%d天\n\n",ds>;}else//第一个日期小于第二个日期cout<<"时间错误!"<<endl;}4-10#include<iostream.h> #include<string.h>classStudent{ intnumber; charname[20];public: Student<inti=0,char*s="\0"> //构造学生对象 {number=i; strcpy<name,s>;}voidPrint<> //输出结果{ cout<<"Number:"<<number<<endl; cout<<"Name:"<<name<<endl;}friendboolgreaterthan<Student&st1,Student&st2>; };boolgreaterthan<Student&st1,Student&st2> { returnst1.number>st2.number; //返回成员number的比较结果}intmain<>{ Studentst[5]={Student<65,"Li">,Student<78,"Zhang">,Student<80,"wang">,Student<92,"zhao">,Student<50,"zhen">}; intmax=0; intmin=0; for<inti=1;i<5;i++> { if<!greaterthan<st[max],st[i]>> max=i; if<!greaterthan<st[i],st[min]>> min=i; } cout<<"最大成绩:"<<endl;st[max].Print<>; cout<<"最小成绩:"<<endl; st[min].Print<>; return0;}4-11#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classBook{ char*name; char*author; intsale;public: Book<> {name='\0'; author='\0'; sale=-1; } Book<char*a,char*b,intc> { name=newchar[strlen<a>+1]; strcpy<name,a>; author=newchar[strlen<b>+1]; strcpy<author,b>; sale=c; } voidprint<> {cout<<"autor"<<author<<endl; cout<<"name"<<name<<endl; cout<<"price"<<sale<<endl; } ~Book<> { if<!name>delete[]name; if<!author>delete[]author; }};intmain<>{Bookb1<"c++","liaihua",12>; Bookb2;return0;}第五章5-8改错题答案不唯一<1>classDC{ intx; public: DC<>{x=100;} };<2>编译无错,但逻辑错误,可改为:classBC{ protected: intx; public: BC<inti=0>{x=i}};classDC:privateBC{ public: DC<inti>:BC<i>{}};<3>将DC构造函数改为: DC<inti>:BC<i>{y=0;}5-9<1> baseclass<2> <10,5> <3,9-18,33> <13,19> <13,19-18,33> <13,19> 5-10#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{ intx,y;public: Shape<intix,intiy>{x=ix;y=iy;} virtualvoidshow<>{cout<<"pos:"<<x<<''<<y<<endl;}};classCircle:publicShape{ intradius;public: Circle<intix,intiy,intr>:Shape<ix,iy>,radius<r>{} voidshow<>{Shape::show<>; cout<<"circle:"<<radius<<endl;}};classRect:publicShape{ intwidth,higth;public: Rect<intix,intiy,intiw,intih>:Shape<ix,iy>,width<iw>,higth<ih>{} voidshow<>{Shape::show<>; cout<<"widthandhigth:"<<width<<''<<higth<<endl;}};intmain<>{ Shapes1<1,1>; Rectr1<2,2,8,8>; Circlec1<3,3,9>; r1.show<>; c1.show<>; return0;}5-11#include<iostream.h>classvehicle//定义汽车类{protected:intdate;//年份floatprice;//价格public:vehicle<intdate,floatprice>;intget_date<>;floatget_price<>;floatdate_load<>;voidshow<>;};classcar:publicvehicle//定义小车类{intpassenger_load;//载人数public:car<intdate,floatprice,intpassengers=4>;intget_passengers<>;voidshow<>;};classtruck:publicvehicle//定义卡车类{floatpayload;//载重量public:truck<intdate,floatprice,floatmax_load=24000.00>;floatefficiency<>;voidshow<>;};vehicle::vehicle<intdate,floatprice>{vehicle::date=date;vehicle::price=price;}intvehicle::get_date<>{returndate;}floatvehicle::get_price<>{returnprice;}voidvehicle::show<>{cout<<"年份:"<<date<<"年"<<endl;cout<<"价格:"<<price<<"元"<<endl;}car::car<intdate,floatprice,intpassengers>:vehicle<date,price>{passenger_load=passengers;}intcar::get_passengers<>{returnpassenger_load;}voidcar::show<>{cout<<"车型:小车"<<endl;vehicle::show<>;cout<<"载人:"<<passenger_load<<"人"<<endl;cout<<endl;}truck::truck<intdate,floatprice,floatmax_load>:vehicle<date,price>{payload=max_load;}floattruck::efficiency<>{returnpayload;}voidtruck::show<>{cout<<"车型:卡车"<<endl;vehicle::show<>;cout<<"载重:"<<efficiency<><<endl;cout<<endl;}voidmain<>{carcar1<2001,2000,5>;trucktru1<2002,8000,340000>;cout<<"输出结果"<<endl;car1.show<>;tru1.show<>;}第六章6-4 d=3 D::fun<>;6-5 C::print<>,cinfo=2 C::print<>,cinfo=2 D::print<>,dinfo=4B类不能定义对象,否则编译通不过,因为B未定义基类A中的虚函数print<>,它也是个虚基类。6-6#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classMammal{public: virtualvoidSpeak<> {cout<<"inMammal"<<endl;}};classDog:publicMammal{public: voidSpeak<> {cout<<"dogbark"<<endl;}};intmain<>{ Dogdog; Mammal*pM; pM=&dog; pM->Speak<>; return0;}运行结果:dogbark6-7#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classBaseClass{public: virtual~BaseClass<> {cout<<"destructBase"<<endl;}};classDerived:publicBaseClass{public: ~Derived<> { cout<<"destructderived"<<endl; }};intmain<>{ BaseClass*pbase; pbase=newDerived; deletepbase;}结果将不能正常执行子类析构6-8#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classShape{public: virtualdoubleArea<>=0;};classCircle:publicShape{ doubleradius;public: Circle<doubler>:radius<r>{} doubleArea<>{return3.14*radius*radius;}};classSquare:publicShape{ doubleradius;public: Square<doubler>:radius<r>{}doubleArea<>{return6*radius*radius;}};classRectangle:publicShape{ doublewidth,radius;public: Rectangle<doublew,doubler>:radius<r>{width=w;}doubleArea<>{returnwidth*radius;}};classTrapezoid:publicShape{ doubleheight,radius,length;public: Trapezoid<doubleh,doubler,doublel>:radius<r>{height=h;length=l;}doubleArea<>{returnheight*<radius+length>/2;}};classTriangle:publicShape{ doubleheight,radius;public: Triangle<doubleh,doubler>:radius<r>{height=h;}doubleArea<>{returnheight*radius/2;}};intmain<>{ doubleAreaSum=0; Shape*pS[6]; pS[1]=newCircle<1>; pS[2]=newSquare<2>;pS[3]=newRectangle<1,2>;pS[4]=newTrapezoid<4,2,5>;pS[5]=newTriangle<4,2>; AreaSum+=pS[1]->Area<>; AreaSum+=pS[2]->Area<>;AreaSum+=pS[3]->Area<>;AreaSum+=pS[4]->Area<>;AreaSum+=pS[5]->Area<>; cout<<"总面积是："<<AreaSum<<endl; cout<<"各三维图形面积如下："<<endl; cout<<"圆形:"<<pS[1]->Area<><<endl;cout<<"正方形:"<<pS[2]->Area<><<endl;cout<<"长方形:"<<pS[3]->Area<><<endl;cout<<"梯形:"<<pS[4]->Area<><<endl;cout<<"三角形:"<<pS[5]->Area<><<endl; return0; }6-9#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classStudent{public: virtualvoidshow<>=0;};classJunior:publicStudent{public: voidshow<>{cout<<"thiswouldbeinfoforjuniorstudents"<<endl;}};classSenior:publicStudent{public: voidshow<>{cout<<"thiswouldbeinfoforSeniorstudents"<<endl;}};intmain<>{Student*pstu;pstu=newJunior;pstu->show<>;pstu=newSenior;pstu->show<>;return0;}第七章7-1#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classvector{ intx,y;public: vector<intix=0,intiy=0>{x=ix;y=iy;} vectoroperator+<vector&v1> { returnvector<x+v1.x,y+v1.y>; } vector&operator+=<vector&v1> { x+=v1.x; y+=v1.y; return*this; } void show<> { cout<<'<'<<x<<','<<y<<'>'<<endl; }};intmain<>{ vectorv1<1,2>,v2<3,4>,v3; v3=v1+v2; v1+=v2; v3.show<>; v1.show<>; return0;}7-2#include<iostream.h>classComplex{private:doublereal,image;public:Complex<doublex=0.0,doubley=0.0>{real=x;image=y;}booloperator!=<constComplex&c>;Complexoperator-<constComplex&c>; booloperator==<constComplex&c>; Complexoperator-<>; Complex&operator+=<constComplex&c>;voidPrint<>;};voidComplex::Print<>{ cout<<real<<"+"<<image<<"i"<<endl;}ComplexComplex::operator-<constComplex&c> {Complextemp<real-c.real,image-c.image>;returntemp;}boolComplex::operator==<constComplex&c> {return<real==c.real&&image==c.image>;}boolComplex::operator!=<constComplex&c>{ return<real!=c.real||image!=c.image>;}ComplexComplex::operator-<> {returnComplex<-real,-image>;}Complex&Complex::operator+=<constComplex&c> { real+=c.real; image+=c.image;return*this; }intmain<>{ Complexc1<2,7>,c2<4,2>,c3; c3=c1-c2; c3.Print<>; if<c3==c1>cout<<"c3equalstoc1"<<endl; elsecout<<"c3doesn?ˉtequaletoc1"<<endl; c3=-c2; c3.Print<>; c3+=c2; c3.Print<>; if<c3!=c1> cout<<"c3!=c1"<<endl; return0;}7-3#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;boolrn<inty>{ boolflag=0; if<y%400==0||y%4==0&&y%100!=0> flag=1; returnflag;}classDate { private: intmonth,day,year; public: Date<intm,intd,inty>; Date&operator+<intdays>; voidshowDate<>;};Date::Date<inty,intm,intd> { if<m>0&&m<13> month=m; if<d>0&&d<32> day=d; if<y>0&&y<3000> year=y;}Date&Date::operator+<intdays>{ inti; for<i=days;i>0;> { intdiff; switch<month> { case1: case3: case5: case7: case8: case10: case12:diff=31-day;break; case4: case6: case9: case11:diff=30-day;break; case2:if<rn<year>>diff=29-day; elsediff=28-day; break; } if<i>diff> { i-=diff+1; day=1; month++; if<month>12> { year++; month=1; } } else { day+=i; break;} } return*this;}voidDate::showDate<>{cout<<year<<"."<<month<<"."<<day<<endl;}intmain<>{ Dateobj<1996,1,1>; obj.showDate<>; obj=obj+59; obj.showDate<>; return0;}7-4以+,=为例#include<iostream>#include<string.h>usingnamespacestd;classString{char*sbuf;intlength;public:String<>{ length=0; sbuf=newchar; sbuf[0]='\0';}String<char*s> //用字符串初始化{ length=strlen<s>; sbuf=newchar[length+1]; strcpy<sbuf,s>;}String<String&str>{ length=str.length; sbuf=newchar[length+1]; strcpy<sbuf,str.sbuf>;}~String<>{ delete[]sbuf;}String&operator=<String&str>{ if<sbuf==str.sbuf> return*this; else { sbuf=newchar[str.length+1]; strcpy<sbuf,str.sbuf>; return*this; }}Stringoperator+<String&str>//此函数需配合拷贝构造函数{ Stringst; st.length=length+str.length; st.sbuf=newchar[st.length+1]; st.sbuf[0]='\0'; strcpy<st.sbuf,sbuf>; strcat<st.sbuf,str.sbuf>; returnst;}char&operator[]<inti>{ if<i<0||i>=length>//对下标进行检查,超出范围则报错退出程序 {cout<<"下标越界错误！"<<endl; exit<0>;}returnsbuf[i];}voidShow<>{ cout<<sbuf<<endl;}};intmain<>{ Strings1<"hello">; Strings2<"world">,s3; s3=s1+s2;// s3.Show<>; return0;}7-6#include<iostream.h>//usingnamespacestd;classpolynomial{intn,i;float*a;public:polynomial<intx>{n=x;a=newfloat[n];}polynomial<constpolynomial&p>//增加一个拷贝复制构造函数{n=p.n;a=newfloat[p.n];for<inti=0;i<p.n;i++>{a[i]=p.a[i];}}polynomial<>{}~polynomial<>{delete[]a;}voidseta<inty,floatx>{a[y]=x;}voidprint<>{cout<<"y="<<a[n-1]<<"x^<"<<n-1<<">";for<i=n-2;i>=0;i-->cout<<"+"<<a[i]<<"x^<"<<i<<">";cout<<endl;}polynomialoperator+<polynomial&x>{if<n>=x.n>{polynomialt<n>;copy<t,*this>;for<i=0;i<x.n;i++>//i<x.nt.a[i]=t.a[i]+x.a[i];returnt;}else{polynomialt<x.n>;copy<t,x>;for<i=0;i<n;i++>t.a[i]=t.a[i]+a[i];returnt;}}polynomialoperator-<polynomial&x>{if<n>=x.n>{polynomialt<n>;copy<t,*this>;for<i=0;i<=x.n;i++>t.a[i]=t.a[i]-x.a[i];returnt;}else{polynomialt<x.n>;copy<t,x>;for<i=0;i<=n;i++>t.a[i]=t.a[i]-a[i];returnt;}}friendvoidcopy<polynomial&x,polynomial&y>;};voidcopy<polynomial&x,polynomial&y>{inti;if<x.n<y.n>{cout<<"无法复制"<<endl;x.print<>;y.print<>;//system<"pause">;}for<i=0;i<=y.n-1;i++>x.a[i]=y.a[i];}voidmain<>{polynomialj<3>,k<4>,h<4>;j.seta<0,1>;j.seta<1,2>;j.seta<2,3>;k.seta<0,5>;k.seta<1,6>;k.seta<2,7>;k.seta<3,7>;j.print<>;k.print<>;polynomialm=k+j;//在这里再定义一个mcopy<h,k+j>;h.print<>;//system<"pause">;}第八章8-1〔1 template<typenameT> Tfun<Ta> {....}<2> template<typenameT> Ttest<Ta> {....}<3> template<typenameT> classArray { public: voidfun<>; } template<typenameT> voidArray<T>::fun<> {.....}<4>Array<int>a1,a2,a3;8-4#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<typenameT>Tmax<Ta,Tb,Tc>{ Ttemp; temp=a>b?a:b; temp=temp>c?temp:c; returntemp;}intmain<>{cout<<max<11,29,22><<endl;cout<<max<3.14f,28.3f,6.7f><<endl;cout<<max<'c','b','a'><<endl;return0;}8-5及8-6#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;template<typenameT>voidsort_bubble<Tarr[],intn>{ for<inti=0;i<n-1;i++> { for<intj=0;j<n-1-i;j++> if