201806全国大学英语四级(第一套)试卷

2021.06全国大学英语四级(第一套)试卷2021.06全国大学英语四级(第一套)试卷2021.06全国大学英语四级(第一套)试卷2021年6月四级考试真题(第一套〕考完后请接见考虫网提交答案，查察作绩线下打印，并在规准时间内完本钱试卷〔听力文件在压缩包中〕~电脑接见考虫网，经过本次考试“在线模考〞提交答案，获取考试成绩〔包含作文〕?每人仅限批阅一次，仅限电脑端提交答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.1PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Annoyed.C)Confused.B)Scared.D)Offended.2.A)Itcrawledoverthewoman’shands.B)Itwounduponthesteeringwheel.C)Itwaskilledbythepoliceonthespot.D)Itwascoveredwithlargescales.Questions3to4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Astudyofthefast-foodservice.Fastfoodcustomersatisfaction.McDonald’snewbusinessstrategies.Competitioninthefast-foodindustry.A)Customers’higherdemands.Theinefficiencyofemployees.

Increasedvarietyofproducts.Therisingnumberofcustomers.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Internationaltreatiesregardingspacetravelprograms.B)Legalissuesinvolvedincommercialspaceexploration.C)U.S.government’sapprovalofprivatespacemissions.Competitionamongpublicandprivatespacecompanies.A)Deliverscientificequipmenttothemoon.Approveanewmissiontotravelintoouterspace.Workwithfederalagenciesonspaceprograms.LaunchamannedspacecrafttoMars.7.A)Itissignificant.C)Itisunpredictable.B)Itispromising.D)Itisunprofitable.2SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)VisitingherfamilyinThailand.ShowingfriendsaroundPhuket.SwimmingaroundaThaiisland.LyinginthesunonaThaibeach.A)ShevisitedaThaiorphanage.B)ShemetaThaigirl’sparents.ShelearnedsomeThaiwords.ShesunbathedonaThaibeach.A)Hisclasswillstartinaminute.Hehasgotanincomingphonecall.Someoneisknockingathisdoor.Hisphoneisrunningoutofpower.A)HeisinterestedinThaiartworks.Heisgoingtoopenasouvenirshop.Hecollectsthingsfromdifferentcountries.HewantstoknowmoreaboutThaiculture.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Buyingsomefitnessequipmentforthenewgym.Openingagymandbecomingpersonaltrainers.Signingupforaweight-losscourse.Tryingoutanewgymintown.A)Professionalpersonaltraining.Freeexerciseforthefirstweek.Adiscountforahalf-yearmembership.Additionalbenefitsforyoungcouples.A)Thesafetyofweight-lifting.Thehighmembershipfee.Therenewalofhismembership.Theoperationoffitnessequipment.A)Shewantsherinvitationrenewed.3Sheusedtodo200sit-upseveryday.Sheknowsthebasicsofweight-lifting.D)Sheusedtobethegym’spersonaltrainer.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theytendtobenervousduringinterviews.Theyoftenapplyforanumberofpositions.Theyworryabouttheresultsoftheirapplications.D)Theysearchextensivelyforemployers’information.A)Getbetterorganized.Edittheirreferences.A)Providetheirdataindetail.Personalizeeachapplication.Makeuseofbettersearchengines.Applyformorepromisingpositions.

Findbetter-paidjobs.Analyzethesearchingprocess.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Ifkidsdidnotlikeschool,reallearningwouldnottakeplace.Ifnotforcedtogotoschool,kidswouldbeoutinthestreets.Ifschoolsstayedthewaytheyare,parentsweresuretoprotest.Ifteachingfailedtoimprove,kidswouldstayawayfromschool.A)Allowthemtoplayinterestinggamesinclass.Trytostiruptheirinterestinlabexperiments.Letthemstayhomeandlearnfromtheirparents.Designactivitiestheynowenjoydoingonholidays.A)Allowkidstolearnattheirownpace.Encouragekidstolearnfromeachother.Organizekidsintovariousinterestgroups.Takekidsoutofschooltolearnatfirsthand.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)ItisespeciallypopularinFloridaandAlaska.Itisamajorsocialactivityamongtheyoung.Itisseenalmostanywhereandonanyoccasion.4Itisevenmoreexpressivethanthewrittenword.A)ItislocatedinabigcityinIowa.Itisreallymarveloustolookat.Itoffersfreedanceclassestoseniors.Itofferspeopleachancetosocialize.24.A)Theirstateofmindimproved.C)Theyenjoyedbetterhealth.B)Theybecamebetterdancers.D)Theirrelationshipstrengthened.25.A)Itisfun.C)Itisexhausting.B)Itislife.D)Itisrhythmical.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage,Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Sincethe1940s,southernCaliforniahashadareputationforsmog.Thingsarenotasbadastheyoncewerebut,accordingtotheAmericanLungAssociation,LosAngelesisstilltheworstcityintheUnitedStatesforlevelsof26.GazingdownonthecityfromtheGettyCentre,anartmuseumintheSantaMonicaMountains,onewouldfindtheviewofthePacificOceanblurredbythehaze(霾).Noristhestate’sbadair27toitssouth.Fresno,inthecentralvalley,comestopofthelistinAmericaforyear-roundpollution.Residents’heartsandlungsareaffectedasa28.Allofwhich,combinedwithCalifornia’sreputationasthehome,ofmakestechnologicaltheplace29idealfordevelopingandtestingsystemsdesignedtomonitorpollutionin30.AndthatisjustwhatAclima,anewfirminSanFrancisco,hasbeendoingoverthepastfewmonths.Ithasbeentryingoutmonitoringstationsthatare31toyieldminute-to-minutemapsof32airpollution.Suchstationswillalsobeabletokeepaneyeonwhatishappeninginsidebuildings,includingoffices.Tothisend,Aclimahasbeen33withGoogle’sStreetViewsystem.DavidaHerzl,AclimasaystheyhaverevealedpollutionhighsondayswhenSanFrancisco’stransitworkerswenthecity’s34wereforcedtousetheircars.Conversely,“cycletowork〞daysh35pollutionlows.A)assistedI)inhabitantsB)collaboratingJ)innovationC)consequenceK)intendedD)consumersL)outdoorE)creatingM)pollutantsF)detailN)restrictedG)domesticO)sumH)frequently5SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstate-mentcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.EachparagraphismarkedwithaletterAnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.AsTouristsCrowdOutLocals,VeniceFaces‘Endangered’List[A]Onarecentfallmorning,alargecrowdblockedthestepsatoneofVenice’smaBridge.TheRialtoBridgeisoneofthefourbridgesspanningtheGrandCanal.Itistheoldestbridgeacrossthecanal,andwasthedividinglinebetweenthedistrictsofSanMarcoandSanPolo.Butonthisday,therewasatwist:itwasfilledwithVenetians,nottourists.[B]“Peoplearecheeringandholdingtheircartsintheair,〞saysGiovanniGiorgio,whohelpemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalledGenerazione’90.Thecartshereferstoaresmcarts—thesymbolofatrueVenetian.“Itstartedasajoke,〞hesayswithalaugh.bladesonthewheels!Youknow?LikeBenHur.Preciselylikethat,youjustgoaroundandrunpeopledown.〞[C]Veniceisoneofthehottesttouristdestinationsintheworld.Butthat’saprobcrowditsstreetsandcanalseveryday—faroutnumberingthe55,000permanentresidents.Thetouriincreaseisonekeyreasonthecity’spopulationisdownfrom175,000inthe1950s.TheoutnumberedVenetianshavebeensteadilyfleeing.Andthosewhostickaroundaretiredoflivinginaplacewheretheycan’tevengettothemarketwithoutswimmingthroughaseaofpicture-snappingtourists.Imagine,navigatingthrough50,000peoplewhileonthewaytoschoolortowork.[D]LauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,saysthelocalandnationalgovernmentshavefailedtodoanythingaboutthecrowdsfordecades,becausethey’reonlyinterestedintourisminVenice,worthmorethan$3billionin2021.“Veniceisacashcow,〞shesays,piece.〞[E]JustbeyondSt.Mark’sSquare,acruiseshippasses,oneofhundredseveryyearthatappearovertheirmedieval(中世纪的)surroundings.Theirmassivewakecreateswavesatthebottomofthesea,weaken-ingthefoundationsofthecenturies-oldbuildingsthemselves.“EverytimeIseeacruiChigisays.“Youseethemuditdrags;thedestructionitleavesinitswake?Thathurtstheancientwoodenpolesholdingupthecityunderwater.Onedaywe’llseeVenicebreakdown.〞Foratime,UNESCO,theculturalwingoftheUnitedNations,seemedtoagree.Twoyearsago,itputItalyonnotice,sayingthegovernmentwasnotprotectingVenice.UNESCOconsiderstheentirecityaWorldHeritageSite,agreathonorthatmeansVenice,attheculturallevel,belongstoalloftheworldpeople.In2021,UNESCOgaveItalytwoyearstomanageVenice’sflourishingtourismorthwouldbeplacedonanotherlist—WorldHeritageInDanger,joiningsuchsitesasAleppoandPalmyra,destroyedbythewarinSyria.[G]Venice’sdeadlinepassedwithbarelymurmura(嘟哝)thissummer,justasUNESCOwasmeetinginIstanbul.Onlyonerepresentative,JadTabetfromLebanon,triedtoraisetheissue.situationofheritageinVenicehasbeenworsening,andithasnowreachedadramaticsituation,toldUNESCO.“Wehavetoactquickly,thereisnotamomenttowaste.〞6[H]ButUNESCOdidn’tevenholdavote.“It’sbeenpostponeduntil2021,〞saysAnandCEOofTheArtNewspaperandtheformerheadofVeniceinPeril,agroupdevotedtorestoringVenetianart.ShesaysthemainreasontheU.N.culturalorganizationdidn’tvotetodeclareVeniceaWorldHeritageSiteInDangerisbecauseUNESCOhasbecome“intenselypoliticized.Therewbeensomeback-roomnegotiations.〞ItalyboastsmoreUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesthananyothercountryintheworld,grantingitcon-siderablepowerandinfluencewithintheorganization.TheformerheadoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageCentre,whichoverseesheritagesites,isFrancescoBandarin,aVenetianwhonowservesasUNESCOassistantdirector-generalforculture.Earlierthisyear,ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCOtoestablishataskforceofpoliceartdetectivesandarchaeologists(考古学家〕toprotectculturalheritagefromnaturaldisastersandterrorgroups,suchasISIS.TheaccordunderlinedItaly’sglobalreputationasagoodstewardofartandculture.[K]ButaddingVenicetotheUNESCOendangeredlist—whichisdominatedbysitesindevelopinganconflict-riddencountries—wouldbeaninternationalembarrassment,andcouldevenhurtItalyprofitabletourismindustry.TheItalianCultureMinistrysaysitisunawareofanygovernmenteffortstopressureUNESCO.Asfortheorganizationitself,itdeclinedarequestforaninterview.Thecity’scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro,hasridiculedUNESCOandtoldittominditsownbusiness,whilecontinuingtosupportthecruiseshipindustry,whichemploys5,000Veniceresidents.[M]AsforVenetians,they’rebeyondfrustratedandhopingforasolutionsoon.“Somesituationsarereallydifficultwithtouristsaround,〞saysGiorgioashenavigatescrowdattheRialtoBridge.“Therearejustsomanyofthem.Theyneverknowwheretheyaregoing,anddonotwalkinanorderlymanner.Navigatingthestreetscanbeexhausting.〞[N]Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn’tmadeupoftourists.They’reVenetians.GiorgiosayriencedtheRialtoBridgethiswayinallhis22years.“Foronce,wearetheoneswhoatraffic,〞hesaysdelightedly.“Itfeelsunreal.Itfeelslikewe’resomeformofnice.Thefeelingisjustpure.〞But,heworries,iftourismisn’tmanagedandhismovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancallthemselvesnativeVenetians.ThepassingcruiseshipswillunderminethefoundationsoftheancientbuildingsinVenice.TheItaliangovernmenthasjustreachedanagreementwithUNESCOtotakemeasurestoprotectitsculturalheritage.TheheritagesituationinVenicehasbeendeterioratinginthepastfewyears.ThedecreaseinthenumberofpermanentresidentsinVeniceismainlyduetotheincreaseoftourists.Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol,nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecityaltogetheroneday.UNESCOurgedtheItaliangovernmenttoundertakeitsresponsibilitytoprotectVenice.7TheparticipantsintheVenetianmarchusedshoppingcartstoshowtheywere100%localresidents.IgnoringUNESCO’swarning,themayorofVenicemaintainshissupportofthecityOnewomansaysthatfordecadestheItaliangovernmentandlocalauthoritieshaveonlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism.UNESCOhasnotyetdecidedtoputVeniceonthelistofWorldHeritageSitesInDanger.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(痴呆症)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn’tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50,it’squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWoman’sHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon’trememberevenseeingit,that’sfarmoreconcernWhenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that’s“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriouinvolved.〞Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou’vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn’tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellasmedications(药物)likeantidepressants.Youdon’thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbraincognitive(认知的)reserve,Daffner’ssays.“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,says.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn’tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips?Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoone’sage.D)Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.8Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously?A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoone’sdailyroutines.B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone’slifeexperiences.C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone’sfriends.49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup?A)Checkthebrain’scognitivereserveC).Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.50.WhatisDr.Daffner’sadviceforcombatingmemoryloss?A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone’sbrain.Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(档案馆)bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.“Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,〞saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsInstitutionArchives.“Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelyinterntaken(by实习an生),fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,theinternputtheletterback.“Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian’sproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingoutof