考研考博-英语-山东特殊教育职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山东特殊教育职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Your______inteachingisdifferentfrommine.

问题1选项

A.altitude

B.approach

C.fuel

D.lump

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项altitude“海拔高度”；B选项approach“（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度”；C选项fuel“燃料”；D选项lump“（通常为无定形的）块”。句意：你的______和我的不同。根据语境，这里指的是两人在某方面不同，B选项approach“（待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

Thepoliticaldissidentsdecidedtotake（）abroad.

问题1选项

A.escape

B.refuge

C.life

D.hiding

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。escape逃脱；refuge避难；life生活；hiding躲藏，隐匿。句意：持不同政见者决定去国外。takerefuge为固定搭配，意为“避难，（以掩饰等手段）逃脱困境”，因此正确答案是B选项。

3.单选题

Heenjoyedthedessertsomuchthatheacceptedasecond（）whenitwasoffered.

问题1选项

A.loading

B.piling

C.helping

D.sharing

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项loading“装载；装货；装载的货”；B选项piling“地桩；打桩；桩材；打桩工程”；C选项helping“（食物的）一份”；D选项sharing“公用，共享”。句意：他非常喜欢甜点，所以当有人给他第二份时，他接受了。因此C选项正确。

4.写作题

AforeignfriendofyourshasrecentlygraduatedfromcollegeandintendstofindajobinChina.Writehimanemailtomakesomesuggestions.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheend.Use"LiMingOpen"instead.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)

【答案】Dearfriend,

AsastudentofPekingUniversity,IamwritingthisletterforthepurposeofgivingyousomesuggestionsabouthowtofindadecentandsuperiorjobinChina.Theconcerningsuggestionsareasfollows.

Tobeginwith,greatemphasisshouldbeattachedtotheintegrityandrichnessofresume,whichisapreconditionandbasisforfindingajob.Undoubtedly,agoodresumegetsyourfootinthedoorandwilldetermineifyouactuallygettothenextstep—ajobinterview.Moreimportantly,itisbeneficialforyoutodeliveryourresumeonseveraljobboardssothatyoucanhavebetteroddsofbeinghired.

Thankyouforyourdueattentiontothisletter.IhopethatyoumayfindtheadviceaboveusefulandIamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yourssincerely,【解析】亲爱的朋友：

作为一名北京大学的学生，我写这封信是为了给你一些建议，告诉你如何在中国找到一份体面而优越的工作。有关建议如下。

首先，要高度重视简历的完整性和丰富性，这是找工作的前提和基础。毫无疑问，一份好的简历是求职的敲门砖，并决定你是否真正进入下一步——面试。更重要的是，在多个求职平台上投递简历对你是有好处的，这样你就能有更大的几率被录用。

感谢你对这封信的关注。希望上述建议对你有用。我期待着收到你的来信。

最真挚的，5.单选题

TheSwisspsychologistJeanPiagetreportedastrikingcasefromhisownpast.Herememberedhisnannypushinghiminhiscarriagewhenamancameupandtriedtokidnaphim.

问题1选项

A.assault

B.abduct

C.embrace

D.compliment

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.assault袭击，侵犯人身（尤指构成罪行）B.abduct劫持，绑架

C.embrace抱，拥抱D.compliment赞美，称赞

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】kidnap的意思为“劫持，绑架”，和him构成动宾搭配，指的是有个男人试图绑架他，abduct与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】瑞士心理学家让•皮亚杰报告了自己过去的一个不同寻常的案例。他记得他的保姆在他的马车里推着他，这时有个男人走过来并试图绑架他。

6.单选题

Duringtheadolescence,thedevelopmentofpoliticalideologybecomesapparentintheindividual;ideologyhereisdefinedasthepresenceofroughlyconsistentattitudes,moreorlessorganizedinreferencetoamoreencompassing,thoughperhapstacit,setofgeneralprinciples.Assuch,politicalideologyisdimorabsentatthebeginningofadolescence.Itsacquisitionbytheadolescent,ineventhemostmodestsense,requirestheacquisitionofrelativelysophisticatedcognitiveskills:theabilitytomanageabstractness,tosynthesizeandgeneralize,toimaginethefuture.Thesearcaccompaniedbyasteadyadvanceintheabilitytounderstandprinciples.

Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.ByknowledgeImeanmorethanthedreary“facts”,suchasthecompositionofcountygovernment,thatthechildisexposedtointheconventionalninth-gradecivicscourse.NordoImeanonlyinformationoncurrentpoliticalrealities.Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan“appropriately”demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe“proper”relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.Thus,politicalknowledgeistheawarenessofsocialassumptionsandrelationshipsaswellasofobjectivefacts.Muchofthenaivetethatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof“facts”butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.

YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.OvertheyearsIhavebecomeprogressivelydisenchantedaboutthecentralityofsuchknowledgeandhavecometobelievethatmuchcurrentworkinpoliticalsocialization,byrelyingtooheavilyonitsapparentacquisition,hasbeenmisledaboutthetempoofpoliticalunderstandinginadolescence.Justasyoungchildrencancountmembersinserieswithoutgraspingtheprincipleofordination,youngadolescentsmayhaveintheirheadsmanyrandombitsofpoliticalinformationwithoutasecureunderstandingofthoseconceptsthatwouldgiveorderandmeaningtotheinformation.

Likemagpies,children’smindspickupbitsandpiecesofdata.Ifyouencouragethem,theywilldroptheseatyourfeet—republicansandDemocrats,thetripartitedivisionofthefederalsystem,perhapseventhecapitalofMassachusetts.Butuntiltheadolescenthasgraspedtheencompassingfunctionthatconceptsandprinciplesprovide,thedataremainfragmented,random,disordered.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcontributestothedevelopmentofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat,duringearlyadolescence,achildwouldfindwhichofthefollowingmostdifficulttounderstand?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementaboutschools?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sevaluationoftheaccumulationofpoliticalknowledgebyadolescents?

6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationoftheauthor’sdiscussionoftheroleofpoliticalknowledgeintheformationofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

问题1选项

A.explainwhyadolescentsaregenerallyuninterestedinpoliticalarguments

B.disputethetheorythatapoliticalideologycanbeacquiredduringadolescence

C.clarifythekindsofunderstandinganadolescentmusthaveinordertodevelopapoliticalideology

D.explainwhyanadolescent’spoliticalideologyusuallyappearsmoresophisticatedthanitactuallyis

问题2选项

A.Consciousrecognitionbytheadolescentofhisorherownnaivete.

B.Thoroughcomprehensionoftheconceptofordination.

C.Rejectionofabstractreasoninginfavorofinvolvementwithpragmaticsituations.

D.Intuitiveunderstandingofrelationshipsamongvariouscomponentsofsociety.

问题3选项

A.Abookchroniclingthewaysinwhichthepresidentialinaugurationceremonyhaschangedovertheyears.

B.Adebateinwhichtheparticipantsargue,respectively,thatthefederalgovernmentshouldorshouldnotsupportprivateschools.

C.Asummaryoftherespectiveresponsibilitiesofthelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranchesofgovernment.

D.AnarticledetailingthespecificreligiousgroupsthatfoundedAmericancoloniesandtheguidingprinciplesofeachone.

问题4选项

A.Theyshouldpresentpoliticalinformationaccordingtocarefullyplanned,schematicarrangements.

B.Theythemselvesconstitutepartofageneralsociopoliticalsystemthatadolescentsarelearningtounderstand.

C.Iftheyweretointroducepoliticalsubjectmatterintheprimarygrades,studentswouldunderstandcurrentpoliticalrealitiesatanearlierage.

D.Becausetheyaresubsidiarytogovernment,theircontributiontothepoliticalunderstandingofadolescentmustbelimited.

问题5选项

A.Itisunquestionablynecessary,butitssignificancecaneasilybeoverestimated.

B.Itisimportant,butnotasimportantasistheabilitytoappearknowledgeable.

C.Itdelaysthenecessityofconsideringunderlyingprinciples.

D.Itisprimarilyrelevanttoanunderstandingoflimited,localconcerns,suchascountrypolitics.

问题6选项

A.Heacknowledgesitsimportance,butthenmodifieshisinitialassertionofthatimportance.

B.Heconsistentlyresiststheideathatitisimportant,usingaseriesofexamplestosupporthisstand.

C.Hewaversinevaluatingitandfinallyusesanalogiestoexplainwhyheisindecisive.

D.Hecarefullyrefrainsfrommakinganinitialjudgmentaboutit,butlaterconfirmsitscriticalrole.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

【解析】1.作者意图题。根据文章第二段第四句，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘appropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，这些都是知识的方面，但与青少年对政治体系中许多不言而喻的假设的理解相比，他们显得没那么关键，比如国家可以对公民提出什么适当的要求，反之亦然，或者政府与附属社会机构（如学校和教堂）之间的适当关系。可判断出本文的主要内容旨在阐明青少年必须具备哪些理解能力才能形成一种政治意识形态。选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘appropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，这些都是知识的方面，但与青少年对政治体系中许多不言而喻的假设的理解相比，他们显得没那么关键，比如国家可以对公民提出什么适当的要求，反之亦然，或者政府与附属社会机构（如学校和教堂）之间的适当关系。可判断出对社会各组成部分之间关系的直观性理解才有利于青少年政治意识形态的形成。选项D符合题意。

3.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“Muchofthenaivetéthatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof‘facts’butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.”，青少年对政治的无知，在很大程度上并非源于对事实的无知，而是源于不完全理解共同的制度惯例、习惯上该做什么和不该做什么，以及这些事情该如何处理应对，做与不做的原因何在。所以可以判断出青少年对于应该或不应该做某事的决策的理解是最困难的。选项B符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘appropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，这些都是知识的方面，但与青少年对政治体系中许多不言而喻的假设的理解相比，他们显得没那么关键，比如国家可以对公民提出什么适当的要求，反之亦然，或者政府与附属社会机构（如学校和教堂）之间的适当关系。可判断出学校构成了青少年正在学习理解的一般社会政治体系的一部分。选项B符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，儿童对政治知识的快速习得可以促进青少年时期政治意识形态的成长。所以作者肯定政治知识对于青少年政治意思形态成长的作用。又根据文章第三段，“YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.”，作者不想过分强调增加政治知识对形成青少年意识形态的重要性。可判断出在作者看来青少年对政治知识的积累无疑是必要的，但其重要性很容易被高估。选项A符合题意。

6.判断推理题。根据文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，作者肯定政治知识对于青少年政治意识形态成长的作用。又根据下文“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding...”，那些政治知识只是知识的方面，但与青少年对政治体系中许多不言而喻的假设的理解相比，他们显得没那么关键。可判断出作者对于政治知识在青少年政治意识形态形成中的作用的观点发生了转变，一开始承认它的重要性，但随后改变了他最初对其重要性的断言。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

（）firetestsgold,sodoesadversitytestscourage.

问题1选项

A.Like

B.Alike

C.As

D.Comparing

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词。Like“像”，可作介词；alike“相同的，相似的”，可作形容词；as“像……”，可作介词；comparing“比较”，可作动词。此处“firetestsgold”为一个完整的句子，所以要用连词，句意：就好像真金不怕火炼一样，意志不畏艰难。选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost（

）areasinJapaneselife.

问题1选项

A.sophisticated

B.competitive

C.considerate

D.superficial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sophisticated意为“见多识广的，老练的”；competitive意为“竞争的，比赛的”；considerate意为“考虑周到的，体贴的”；superficial意为“肤浅的，表面的”。由前面because引导的原因状语，可知好大学的学位意味着好更好的工作，故此推测教育领域具有竞争性，因此选B。

句意：因为一所好大学的学位是获得更好工作的手段，所以教育是日本人生活中最具竞争的领域之一。

9.单选题

TheBritishMedicalJournalrecentlyfeaturedastrongresponsetowhatwasjudgedaninappropriatelylenientreactionbyamedicalschooltoastudentcheatinginanexamination.Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity

Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.Itisreasonabletoassumethatcheatersinmedicalschoolwillbemorelikelythanotherstocontinuetoactdishonestlywithpatients,colleagues,insurersandgovernments.

Thebehaviorsunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.Forexample,countries,cultures,andsubculturesexistwherebribesanddishonestbehaviorarealmostanorm.Therearesecondaryschoolsinwhichneitherstaffnorstudentstoleratecheatingandotherswherecheatingisrampant;therearehomeswhichimbueyoungpeoplewithhighstandardsofethicalbehaviorandotherswhichleaveethicaltrainingtotheharmfulinfluenceoftelevisionandthemarketplace. 

Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.Theselectionprocessofmedicalstudentsmightbeexpectedtofavorcandidateswithintegrityandpositiveethicalbehaviorifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.Medicalschoolshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.Unfortunatelytherearetroubling,ifinconclusive,datathatsuggestthatduringmedicalschooltheethicalbehaviorofmedicalstudentsdoesnotnecessarilyimprove;indeed,moraldevelopmentmayactuallystoporevenregress.

Thecreationofapervasiveinstitutionalcultureofintegrityisessential.Itiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.Medicalschoolsmustmaketheirinstitutionalpositionandtheirexpectationsofstudentsabsolutelyclearfromdayone.Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.Moreover,theschool'sexaminationsystemandgeneraltreatmentofstudentsmustbeperceivedasfair.Finally,thetreatmentofinfractionsmustbefirm，fair,transparent,andconsistent.

1.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcheatinginmedicalschools?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,itisimportanttopreventcheatinginmedicalschoolsbecause（）.

3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthecause(s)ofcheating?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,whatprecautionsshouldmedicalschoolstaketopreventstudentsfromcheating?

5.Theauthorwillprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements?

问题1选项

A.Extensiveresearchhasbeendoneaboutthisphenomenon.

B.Wehavesufficientdatatoprovethatpreventionisfeasible.

C.Wearesafetoconcludethatthisphenomenonexistsonagrandscale.

D.Reliabledataabouttheextent,preventionandmanagementofthephenomenonislacking.

问题2选项

A.themedicalprofessionisbasedontrust

B.thereiszerotoleranceofcheatinginmedicine

C.themedicalprofessiondependsonthegovernment

D.cheatingexistsextensivelyinmedicalschools

问题3选项

A.Family,cultureandsocietyplayanactivepart.

B.Badschoolenvironmentistheleadingcauseofstudentcheating.

C.Parentsarealwaystoblamefortheirchildren'scheatingbehavior.

D.CheatingexistsprimarilybecausestudentslearnbadthingsfromTV.

问题4选项

A.Medicalschoolsshouldestablishafirmmoralstandardtoweedoutapplicantswithlowintegrity.

B.Medicalschoolsshouldmakeeffortstoremedytheillsofasociety.

C.Medicalschoolsshouldteachfuturedoctorsintegrityandethicalvalues.

D.Thereisnothingmedicalschoolscandotoimprovetheethicalbehavioroftheirstudents.

问题5选项

A.Medicalschoolsshouldmakeexamseasierforthestudentstoalleviatethefiercecompetition.

B.Prominentfiguresinthemedicalinstitutionshouldcreateasetofmoralstandardstobeappliedinmedicalschools.

C.Medicalstudentsshouldplayanactiveroleinthecreationandpreservationofacultureofintegrity.

D.Thosestudentswhocheatintheexamsshouldbeinstantlyexpelledfromschool

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。文章第一段提到“Althoughwehaveinsufficientreliabledataabouttheextentofthisphenomenon,itsprevention,oritseffectivemanagement,muchcanbeconcludedandactedupononthebasisofcommonsenseandconceptswithfacevalidity.虽然我们没有足够的可靠数据来说明这一现象的严重程度，也不了解如何预防和进行有效管理，但可以根据常识和看似有效的观念得出很多结论并采取行动”可知，D项“有关这种现象的程度、预防和管控的可靠数据是缺乏的”正确；也由此知A、B、C三项不正确。

2.事实细实题。第二段中提到“Thereisgeneralagreementthatthereshouldbezerotoleranceofcheatinginaprofessionbasedontrustandoneonwhichhumanlivesdepend.人们普遍认为，在基于信任和有关生命安全的职业中的作弊应该零容忍”可知A“医疗职业基于信任”正确；B“医疗作弊是零容忍的”是结果不是原因；C“医疗行业依靠政府”和D“作弊在医学院中广泛存在”原文均未提及，故选A。

3.事实细节题。文章第三段提到“Thebehaviorsunderquestionaremultifactorialinorigin.Therearefamilial,religious,andculturalvaluesthatareacquiredlongbeforemedicalschool.导致这些作弊行为的原因很多。这些原因包括在就读医学院之前受到的家庭、宗教及文化影响。”可知A“家庭，文化和社会发挥重要作用”正确，故选A。

4.事实细节题。A项“医学院应该建立一个可靠的道德标准来淘汰低水平的申请者”，文章第四段提到“ifonehadareliablemethodfordetectingsuchcharacteristicsinadvance.如果医学院有可靠的方法提前识别学生的品质的话”，此句为条件状语从句，由此可知目前还没有找到这种识别方法，故A不正确；B项“医学院应该努力纠正所有的社会问题”，文章第四段中提到“Medicalschoolsreflectsocietyandcannotbeexpectedtoremedyalltheillsofasociety.医学院的问题反映了整个社会问题，我们不能指望社会的所有弊病都能被纠正”可知B不正确；C项“医学院应该培养未来医生诚信和道德价值观”，第四段中提到“Medicalschoolshouldbethemajorfocusofattentionforimbuingfuturedoctorswithintegrityandethicalsensitivity.医学院应该成为未来医生灌输诚信和道德观念的中心”可知C正确；D项“医学院无法改善学生的道德行为”，文章最后一段列举了一些解决学生道德行为问题的方法，如“在医学院中创建一个普遍的诚信文化制度；让医学院的学术领袖树立个人诚信榜样可知D不正确，故选C。

5.判断推理题。A项“医学院应该让学生考试更容易，以缓解激烈的竞争。”和D项“考试作弊的学生应该立即被开除出学校”在文中均未提及；B项“医疗机构中的杰出人物应该制定一套道德标准应用于医学院。”原文最后一段提到“itiscriticalthattheacademicandclinicalleadersoftheinstitutionsetapersonalexampleofintegrity.医学院的学术领袖树立个人的诚信榜样是很关键的”，可知B项中“createasetofmoralstandards创建道徳标准”不正确；C项“医学生应在创建和维护诚信文化方面发挥积极作用”，最后一段提到“Thedevelopmentofaschool'scultureofintegrityrequiresapartnershipwiththestudentsinwhichtheyplayanactiveroleinitscreationandnurturing.学校诚信文化的发展需要与学生建立伙伴关系，使他们在学校的创建和培养中发挥积极作用。”可知C项正确。

10.单选题

Julieisoneofthosewomenwhoalways（

）thelatestfashions.

问题1选项

A.lookafter

B.keepupwith

C.runfor

D.getonwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。lookafter意为“照顾”；keepupwith意为“跟上，对……消息灵通，保持接触”；runfor意为“竞选，赶快去请”；getonwith意为“继续（干某事）”。

句意：朱莉是那些总是追求时髦的女性之一。

11.单选题

Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.Thetraditionalintentofacraftlikeceramicsistoserveautilitarianfunctionanditsabilitytoactinthiscapacityisessentiallydependentupontheskillofproperlyshapingavesseltocorrespondtoitstask,soneitheritsexactmannerofconstruction(byhandorwheel,coilorslab)northesignificanceofimageryglazedonitssurfacechangesitsprimaryrole“tocontain”,thoughitmayaddtoitsvalue.Whileceramicistsmustthinkandconstructartaccordingtocertainpatternsofutilitarianform,followingaprototypalmodelthatrelatestotheartwork’spurpose,finearthasnosuchrequirement.

Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.AnexaminationofthisapparentinconsistencyrevealsboththeGreek’shighregardforaestheticsandtheexplanationthatfineartistsusuallycreatedthepaintingsonthevasesmadebypotters.ThoughGreekvasepaintingdiffersgreatlyfromtheworkofmodernartistPabloPicasso,hetoopaintedonceramicobjectsmadebyothers.Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms,itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.

Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.Frequently,artthatservesadecorativefunctionisconfusedwithbothutilitarianandfineartbecauseofitssimilarappearance,butthefunctionofdecorativeartistheformitself,itisnotcompelledtofulfilleitherautilitariantaskoraddressconceptsthatexemplifyitshistoricperiod.Communicationwouldappearredundantiffineartists,likeutilitariananddecorativeartists,weretoproduceunlimitednumbersofthesameobject.Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.Therefore,archaeologistsshouldbeawarethatanartifactproducedinanywaybyformulaisnotfineart.Thefineartist’sprocessiscontinuousfromthemomentofconceptionuntilapieceiscomplete,andthuseverythingisthoughtofintermsofcontext,sothat,asageneralguide,archaeologistsshouldconsidernomarkwithinaworkunimportantandonlydefineitsmeaninginrelationtothewholepiece.

36.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

37.Accordingtothepassage,the"earliervases"mentionedinthesecondparagraphconstitutewhichofthefollowing?

38.Accordingtothepassage,theformwhichfinearttakesatanygivenhistoricalmomentisoftendictatedby（）.

39.Whichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor'sviewoftheargumentthatfineartmaybedistinguishedasacategorybyitsphysicalform?

40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfineartsproductionisbestsupportedbytheinformationpresentedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.distinguishingmutuallyexclusivecategories

B.clarifyinganapparentcontradiction

C.supportingnewideas

D.analyzingaproblem

问题2选项

A.Theproductofmixedmediaart,involvinghybridforms.

B.Acaseofprimarilyutilitarianartbeingputtodecorativepurposes.

C.Utilitarianartwhosemakersweresolelyconcernedwithfunctionality.

D.Fineart,whoseprimarypurposeistoconveyaestheticmeaning.

问题3选项

A.thelevelofcontinuityintheartist’sthinkingprocess

B.theconceptswhichexemplifythehistoricalperiodofitscreation

C.thetechnologyavailabletotheartistatthetimetheartpieceiscreated

D.thelevelofskillwhichtheartistbringstotheartwork

问题4选项

A.Outrightapproval.

B.Skepticism.

C.Neutrality.

D.Indignation.

问题5选项

A.Thebestfineartisinsomecasesproducedbyformula,resultinginmassquantitiesofasingleobject.

B.Onceanartistcreatesawork,thereisusuallylittlebenefitinhisduplicatingit,asithasalreadyconveyeditsmeaning.

C.Inaestheticterms,fineartisoftenconsideredsuperiortodecorativeart,whosebeautyislimitedbyfunctionality.

D.Atthepresenthistoricalmoment,hightechnologylikeelectronicsseldomplaysaroleinartsotherthanfinearts.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】36.主旨大意。原文第一段第一句提到Tofacilitateentryintofineartthinkingandavoidbeingmisledinfundamentalways,archaeologistsmustunderstandtheprinciplesthatdefineandgoverneachartcategory,whetherutilitarian,fineordecorative.（为了便于进入美术思维，避免在基本方面被误导，考古学家必须理解定义和管理每一个艺术类别的原则，无论是实用主义的、精细的还是装饰性的。），说明作者在分析一个问题。从而得出本题答案。

37.细节推断。根据题干“earliervases”定位到原文第二段第一句Fineartistsoftenworkinmixedornewmedia,evidencedbytheexampleofvasescreatedduringtheGreekArchaicperiod,whichwereananomalytotheparadigmofearliervasesbecausethelateronesnotonlyserved“tocontain”,butalsotocommunicateideas.（优秀的艺术家经常使用混合或新媒介的作品，以希腊古时期的花瓶为例，这是早期花瓶范式的一种反常，因为后期的花瓶不仅具有“容纳”的作用，而且还具有传达思想的作用。）分析第一句可知earliervases指代前文的“mixedornewmedia”,从而得出本题答案。

38.细节推理题。根据题干关键词“fineart”定位到原文第二段最后一句Contrastingancientfineartformssuchaspaintingsandstoneormetalsculptureswithcontemporaryfineartformssuchascomputerart,videoimagery,andholograms,itispossibletoseethatastheculture’stechnologytransforms，itschangesarevisibleinthestructuralformsoffineart.（对比古代美术形式，如绘画、石雕或金属雕塑，与当代美术形式，如计算机艺术、视频图像和全息图，可以看到，随着文化的技术转变，其变化可见于美术的结构形式。）根据信息点“technology”,“visible”“thestructuralforms”即可得出本题答案。

39.

观点态度题。通读全文，根据原文作者论述的语调和原文最后一段第一句Atthesametime,changesinfineartindicateitsmandatetobothreflectandcreatenewperceptionsoftheculture,butformaloneisinsufficienttoclassifyobjectsintoartcategories.（同时，艺术的变化表明其职责反映和创造新的文化的认知，但形式本身是不足以对象为艺术类别进行分类。）中“insufficient”可知作者的态度是skepticism，从而得出本题答案。

40.细节归纳题。根据原文最后一段第四句Onceanideaisassimilatedintotheculturethereisnolongeraneedtodiscussitunlessartistsaremoreclearlydefiningorredefiningit.（一旦一个想法被文化所吸收，就没有必要再去讨论它，除非艺术家们能更清晰地定义或重新定义它。）中的信息点“anideaisassimilated,nolongeraneed”“clearlydefiningorredefiningit”，即可得出本题答案。

12.翻译题

中国人讲究“义利相兼，以义为先”。中非关系最大的“义”，就是用中国发展助力非洲的发展、最终实现互利共赢、共同发展。中方支持非洲人以非洲方式解决非洲问题，主张解决安全问题要标本兼治、综合施策。在工业、基础设施建设、投资和贸易便利化等领域，中非合作将为双方企业投资和贸易提供更多机会，从而提高非洲产业竞争力，弥补非洲基础设施缺口。在现代农业、绿色发展、减贫惠民等方面的合作，将促进中非企业分享先进技术和建立可持续发展模式，增强自主发展能力，提高公共治理水平。

【答案】Chinesepeoplepayattentiontothephaseofrighteousnessandconcurrentlytorighteousnessfirst.China-AfricarelationstherighteousnessofthebiggestboostAfrica’sdevelopmentistouseChina’sdevelopment,Ultimatelyachievemutualbenefitandwin-winresults.ThecommondevelopmentofChina’ssupportoftheAfricanpeopleinAfricawaysolvetheproblemofAfrica,arguesthattosolvesecurityproblemstotreatbothcomprehensiveShiCe.Intheindustri