考研考博-英语-天津财经大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津财经大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Itwas（

）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.

问题1选项

A.addicted

B.assaulted

C.alleged

D.ascribed

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项addict“使沉迷”；B选项assault“攻击、袭击”；C选项allege“宣称，断言”；D选项ascribe“归于”。这里重点考查的是固定搭配itisallegedthat意思是“据指称，有人称”。根据从句部分“therestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers”可知空格部分意思为“据说，据称”，句意为：据说这家旅店歧视黑人顾客。选项C符合句子语境意思。

2.单选题

Willyoulook______thiswordintheInternet?

问题1选项

A.on

B.into

C.up

D.forwardto

【答案】C

【解析】；窥视；浏览；看”；C选项lookup“仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善”；D选项lookforwardto“盼望；期待；期盼；预期”。句意：你会在网上查阅这个单词吗？因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Formillionsofyearsbeforetheappearanceoftheelectriclight,shiftwork,all-nightcableTVandtheInternet,earth’screaturesevolvedinaplanetwithpredictableandreassuring24-hourrhythms.Ourbiologicalclocksaresetforthisdailycycle.Simply,ourbodieswanttosleepatnightandbeawakeduringtheday.Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.（Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.）

Butonaverage,Americanssleeponlyaboutsevenandahalfhourspernight,amarkeddropfromtheninehourstheyaveragedin1910.What’sworse,nearlyonethirdofallAmericansgetlessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknight.Formostpeople,that’snotnearlyenough.

32.Findingwaystogetmoreandbettersleepcanbeachallenge.Scientistshaveidentifiedmorethan80differentsleepdisorders.Somesleepingdisordersaregenetic.Butmanyproblemsarecausedbystayinyuplateandbytravelingfrequentlvbetweentimezonesorbyworkingnights.Dr.JamesF.JonesatNationalJewishMedicalandResearchCenterinDenversaysthatsleepdisordersareoftendiagnosedasotherdiscomforts.Aboutonethirdofthepatientsreferredtohimwithpossiblechronicfatiguesyndromeactuallyhavetreatablesleepdisorders."Beforewedoanythingelse,welookattheirsleep.”Johnsays.

Sleepexpertssaythatmostpeoplewouldbenefitfromagoodlookattheirsleeppatterns.“Mymotto（座右铭）is'Sleepdefensively',"saysMaryCarskadonofBrownUniversity.Shesayspeopleneedtocarveoutsufficienttimetosleep,evenifitmeansgivingupotherthings.Sleeproutines—likegoingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday—areimportant.Pre-bedtimeactivitiesalsomakeadifference.AswithEisner,whousedtosufferfromsleeplessness,afewlifestylechanges——avoidingstimulantsandlatemeals,exercisinghoursbeforebedtime,relaxingwithahotbath-yieldbettersleep.

1.WhatisTRUEofhumansleep?

2.Forourbodiestofunctionproperly,weshould（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,manysleepingdisordersarecausedby（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingmeasurescanhelpyousleepbetter?

5.“Sleepdefensively”meansthat（）.

问题1选项

A.Onaverage,peopleintheU.S.todaysleeplesspernightthantheyusedto.

B.Formostpeople,lessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknightisenough.

C.Mostpeopleneedlesssleepwhentheygrowolder.

D.Mostpeopleneedsevenandahalfhoursofsleepeverynight.

问题2选项

A.adjustouractivitiestothenewinventions

B.beabletopredicttherhythmsofourbiologicalclocks

C.sleepforatleasteighthourspernight

D.believethatweneedlesssleepasweage

问题3选项

A.impropersleeppatterns

B.chronicfatiguesyndrome

C.otherdiseases

D.pre-bedtimeexercises

问题4选项

A.Havinglatemeals.

B.Travelingbetweentimezones.

C.Stayinguplate.

D.Takingahotbath.

问题5选项

A.peopleshouldsacrificeotherthingstogettingenoughsleepifnecessary

B.peopleshouldgiveupgoinguptobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday

C.peopleshouldgotoadoctorandhavetheirproblemsdiagnosed

D.peopleshouldexerciseimmediatelybeforegoingtobedeverynight

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第二段Butonaverage,Americanssleeponlyaboutsevenandahalfhourspernight,amarkeddropfromtheninehourstheyaveragedin1910.What’sworse,nearlyonethirdofallAmericansgetlessthansixhoursofsleeponatypicalworknight.Formostpeople,that’snotnearlyenough.但美国人平均每晚只睡7.5个小时，与1910年的平均9个小时相比有显著下降。更糟糕的是，近三分之一的美国人每晚的正常工作时间不足6小时。对大多数人来说，这还远远不够。可知A项“平均而言，现在美国人每晚的睡眠时间比过去少。”正确；B项“对于大多数人来说，工作的晚上，睡眠时间少于6小时就足够了。”错误。由第一段Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.(Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.)多数女性和男性每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠身体才能正常运转地度过一生。(与人们普遍认为的相反，随着年龄的增长，人类并不需要更少的睡眠。)可知C项和D项错误。

2.细节事实题。由Mostwomenandmenneedbetweeneightandeightandahalfhoursofsleepanighttofunctionproperlythroughouttheirlives.(Contrarytopopularbeliefhumansdon'tneedlesssleepastheyage.)多数女性和男性每晚需要8到8个半小时的睡眠身体才能正常运转地度过一生。(与人们普遍认为的相反，随着年龄的增长，人类并不需要更少的睡眠。)可知为了保持身体正常运转，我们应该保证至少8小时的睡眠。故C项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“Butmanyproblemsarecausedbystayinyuplateandbytravelingfrequentlybetweentimezonesorbyworkingnights.但很多睡眠问题都是由熬夜、频繁的跨时区旅行或夜间工作造成的。”可知大部分睡眠问题是有不恰当的睡眠模式引起的。故A项正确。

4.推理判断题。由最后的一段Sleeproutines—likegoingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeveryday—areimportant.Pre-bedtimeactivitiesalsomakeadifference.AswithEisner,whousedtosufferfromsleeplessness,afewlifestylechanges——avoidingstimulantsandlatemeals,exercisinghoursbeforebedtime,relaxingwithahotbath-yieldbettersleep.睡眠规律——比如每天在同一时间睡觉和起床——是很重要的。睡前活动也很重要。与艾斯纳一样，他过去也经常失眠，生活方式的一些改变——避免服用兴奋剂和晚吃饭、睡前几小时锻炼、泡热水澡放松——有助于睡眠。可知D项“睡前洗热水澡可以促进睡眠”正确。

5.推理判断题。由Sleepdefensively’,’’saysMaryCarskadonofBrownUniversity.Shesayspeopleneedtocarveoutsufficienttimetosleep,evenifitmeansgivingupotherthings.布朗大学的MaryCarskadon说，睡眠防守是她的座右铭，人们需要留出足够的时间睡觉，即使这意味着放弃其他事情。联系下文可知Sleepdefensively指代人们需要留出足够的睡觉时间。故A项正确。BD两项表述有误，C项与“睡眠防守”无关。

4.单选题

Inmostcasespoliticiansare____astheyseldomtellthetruth.

问题1选项

A.credible

B.incredulous

C.credulous

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.credible可信的B.incredulous怀疑的

C.credulous轻信的D.incredible不能相信的

【答案】D

【考查点】句间逻辑

【解题思路】空格处所填词修饰的是政客们，表示的是政客们的特点；后文有一个as引导的原因状语从句，对此进行解释，其句意为“他们几乎不说真话”。根据原句逻辑，因为政客们很少说真话，所以他们不能让人相信，D选项incredible“不能相信的”，形容的人是“相信”的对象，最符合原句语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】

A选项credible“可信的”，与原句语义逻辑相反；

B选项incredulous“怀疑的”，侧重于指一个人不轻易相信某人或某事；

C选项credulous“轻信的”，侧重于指一个人轻易地相信某人或某事。

【句意】在大多数情况下，政治家都是不能相信的，因为他们很少说真话。

5.单选题

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinorderrespects,appeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence-asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearnedthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Notsolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwoundwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，”theadvocateofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

问题1选项

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

问题2选项

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

问题3选项

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

D.arepersecuted.

问题4选项

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

问题5选项

A.Lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.Moppinguptheviolentmess

D.nonviolence

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。B项(暴力难以消除种族偏见)适合做文章标题。

2.细节题。第一段指出:Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing(人类的整个历史记录，那冗长乏味的暴力记录，完全没有教给我们任何东西)，故选B。

3.推断题。第二段指出:真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同类们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。D项是对A,B,C三项的总结。

4.语义题。Nonethewiser字面意思是“—点也不比以前聪明”。

5.细节题。第二段指出:如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。因此推断作者认为,法制是消灭种族歧视的办法。

6.单选题

Cookedvegetablesarealsovaluablesourcesofcertainvitaminsandminerals,ifthejuiceiseatenandifnotcooked______.

问题1选项

A.toolongatime

B.alongtimetoo

C.muchtimelong

D.longmuchtime

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。根据句义，选项中的time指“一段时间”，是个可数名词，前面应当用不定冠词a，故排除掉C选项和D选项。副词too修饰形容词的时候，意思是“太……”；放在句子最后修饰整个句子时，表示“也……”。句意：如果汁液能被吃掉并且没有煮太长时间的话，煮熟的蔬菜也是某些维生素和矿物质的宝贵来源。所以，A选项和B选项相比，A选项“一段太长的时间”更符合句意。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

TheyhaveleftNewYork（

）good;they’llnevergobackandlivethereagain.

问题1选项

A.by

B.at

C.for

D.in

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他们永远离开了纽约，再也不回去住了。

固定搭配。Forgood永远。

8.单选题

Anytime,anyplace.Whythehugeupsurgeofinterestinremotelearning?Theinternetrevolutionispartoftheanswer.TheWebnowprovidesaformerlymissingingredientindistanceeducation——quickandeasycommunicationbetweenstudentsandinstructors,andamongclassmates.Inaddition,demandfordistancecourseshasburgeonedthankstotheevolutionoftheinformation-basedeconomy.“Tostayemployable,workersneedtokeeponlearning.”saysKayKohl,executivedirectoroftheUniversityContinuingEducationAssociation,anorganizationofmorethan400schools.Thistrendhasgivenrisetoanolderpoolofgraduatestudents.Todaymorethanhalfareoverage30,andnearlyonequarterareover40.Distanceeducationoftenisagreatfitfortheseworkingadults,manyofwhomfinditdifficulttoskipachild’sballetlessonorfightrush-hourtraffictogettoauniversitycampusforclass.

“1hadalwayswantedamaster’sdegree,butit’shardtosuspendacareerandafamilyforit,especiallywhentheclosestschoolofpublichealthisfourhoursaway,”saysJerryParks,assistanthealthdirectorforAlbermarleRegionalHealthServicesineasternNorthCarolina.Asitturnsout,hedidn’thavetomoveorcommutetogethisdegree.AfterthreeyearsofcourseworkviateleconferencingandtheInternet,Parksisfinishingupamaster’sfromtheSchoolofPublicHealthattheUniversityofNorthCarolina.

Asmorepeopleturntodistanceeducation,adebatehasflaredoverwhetheritcanbeagoodsubstituteforface-to-faceinstruction.ThomasRussell,authorofa1999reporttitled“TheSignificantDistancePhenomenon,”whichreviewsmorethan350studiesofdistance-learningprograms,arguesthatthetwomodesofinstructionareequivalentasfarasstudentlearningisconcerned.R.Behrend,forone,believesthatdistanceeducationisthesuperiorchoice.Behrend,45,obtainedadoctoraldegreeinclinicalpsychologylastspringfromWaldenUniversity,arespectedvirtualinstitution.Shesaysthediscussionsbetweenstudentandprofessor,andamongpeers,weremorerigorousthanthosesheexperiencedinthetwooncampusmaster’sprogramsshepreviouslyattended.“Weneededtocitereferencesforeverythingwesaid(inE-mailpostings)’’，explainsBehrend,“Itwasn’tliketheusuallychattingintheclassroom.”

ButcriticssaythatmanyofthestudiescitedinRussell’sbookarepoorlydesigned,andtheyvehemently(strongly)disagreewithhispointofview.“Idon’tthinkyoucangetanyeducationovertheInternet,”saysD.Noble,ahistorianoftechnologyatYorkUniversityinToronto.“Educationrequiresarelationshipbetweenpeoplebecauseit’saprocessofidentityformation,validation,encouragement,emulation,andinspiration.Thisonlyhappensfacetoface.”

Evenadvocatesacknowledgethatdistanceeducationisn’tforeveryone—thatittakesindependence,self-discipline,andalotofmotivationtosuccess.Further,thequalityofdistance-degreeprogramsisuneven.“Amajorityofuniversitieshaveenteredthedistance-learningmarketrapidlyandarenotwellprepared.”Thus,it’simportanttoconsideranarrayoffactorsbeforechoosingaschool—accreditation,programhistory,cost,academicfield,residency,andtechnology.

1.Whendiddistanceeducationbegin?

2.Thehugeupsurgeofinterestinremotelearningiscausedbythefollowingfactorsexceptfor（

）.

3.By“suspend”(Sentence1，Para2)isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

4.WhichstatementisnottruefromwhatMs.Behrendsays?

5.Thetitleofthetextcouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.Unknown.

B.AftertheInternetexisted

C.AftertheInternetrevolution

D.Whentheuniversitystarted.

问题2选项

A.Internetrevolution

B.theevolutionofinformationeconomy

C.theincreasingpopulation

D.thedemandfordistancecourses

问题3选项

A.stop

B.hangup

C.suspect

D.leave

问题4选项

A.Theremoteeducationisthebestchoice.

B.Thediscussionindistanceeducationisnotasstrictasonthecampus.

C.Thediscussionofdistanceeducationisnotlikethatintheclassroom.

D.ShegotaDr.Degreefromdistanceeducation.

问题5选项

A.ContinuingEducation

B.Information-basedEconomy

C.RemoteLearning

D.AnInterestingDebate

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘远程教育是什么吋候开始的？’整篇文章围绕为什么人们对远程教育越来越感兴趣展开，并表达不同人的不同观点，但是确并没有提到远程教育具体是什么吋候开始的，所以A选项“不知道”正确。

2.推理判断题。题干询问‘以下哪一项不是导致人们对于远程教育的兴趣越来越大的主要原因？’根据文章第一段第三句“Theinternetrevolutionispartoftheanswer.互联网革命是答案之一。”确定A选项“互联网革命”是原因之一；根据第一段第五句“Inaddition,demandfordistancecourseshasburgeonedthankstotheevolutionoftheinformation-basedeconomy.此外，由于信息经济的发展，远程课程的需求也迅速增长。”确定B选项“信息化经济的发展”和D选项“对远程课程的需求”也是原因；所以排除法，C选项“人口的增长”在文章并没有提及，不是原因，符合题意。

3.词汇题。题干询问‘“suspend”(句子1,Para2)最接近的意思是啥？’根据文章第二段第二句“Asitturnsout,hedidn'thavetomoveorcommutetogethisdegree.事实证明，他并不需要搬家或通勤才能拿到学位。”确定commute相当于上一句中的“suspendacareerandafamily”，suspend表示‘延缓，使暂停’的意思，所以A选项stop正确。

4.推理判断题。题干询问‘以下关于Ms.Behrend所说内容的陈述不正确的是…？’根据文章第三段第三句“R.Behrend,forone,believesthatdistanceeducationisthesuperiorchoice.R.Behrend认为远程教育是更好的选择。”确定A选项“远程教育是最好的选择”正确；根据第三段最后一句“Itwasn’tliketheusuallychattingintheclassroom.这不是像通常在教室里聊天。”确定C选项“远程教育的讨论不像课堂上那样。”正确；根据第三段第四句“Behrend,45,obtainedadoctoraldegreeinclinicalpsychologylastspringfromWaldenUniversity,arespectedvirtualinstitution.45岁的贝伦德去年春天从备受尊敬的虚拟机构沃尔登大学获得了临床心理学博士学位。”确定D选项“她从远程教育获得了博士学位”正确；由第三段第五句“Shesaysthediscussionsbetweenstudentandprofessor,andamongpeers,weremorerigorousthanthosesheexperiencedinthetwooncampusmaster’sprogramsshepreviouslyattended.她说，学生和教授之间的讨论，以及同学之间的讨论，都比她在之前参加的两个硕士项目中经历的讨论更为严格。”确定B选项“远程教育中的讨论不如校园中的讨论严谨”与原文意思相反，符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。题干询问‘这篇文章的题目可能是…？’A选项“成人教育”，太宽泛，不正确；文章并不是围绕经济进行展开的，只是稍微提及了一下，B选项“信息化经济”，不正确；文章虽然有说道关于远程教育的辩论，但只是进行了一些描述，文章并非围绕这场辩论进行展开，D选项“一次有趣的辩论”，不正确；文章通篇都是围绕远程教育在进行描述，所以C选项“远程学习”正确；所以正确答案为C选项。

9.单选题

Atdusk,Mr.Hightowerwouldsitinhisoldarmchairinthebackyardandwistfullyloseinreminiscenceofhisyouthromances.

问题1选项

A.hopefully

B.reflectively

C.sympathetically

D.irresistibly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。wistfully在句中是“渴望地，希望地”；A选项hopefully“希望地”；B选项reflectively“沉思地”；C选项sympathetically“同情地，怜悯地”；D选项irresistibly“不可抗拒地”。句意：黄昏时分，海托先生会坐在后院的旧扶手椅上渴望沉浸在他青春恋情的回忆中。根据选项，只有A项符合。

10.单选题

Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiencestodrawlessonsforthepresent;youngresidentdoctors,however,rarelyhavetheadvantagesofsuch（

）.

问题1选项

A.retrospection

B.vagueness

C.hostility

D.misconceptions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。retrospection回顾；反省；追忆；vagueness模糊；含糊；茫然；hostility敌意；misconception误解。句意：经验丰富的医生可以经常反思过去的经历来汲取教训，然而，年轻的住院部医师却很少有这样反省的优势。由Veterandoctorscanoftenreflectonpastexperiences以及while可知，句子前后形成对比，经验丰富的医生有经历可反思和回顾，而年轻的医生却没有这样的优势。空格处所填单词应与reflect意思接近，答案为A。

11.单选题

Asitisknowntotheworld,___amother-daughterbusinessventurewon’tbeeasy.

问题1选项

A.breathlifeinto

B.breathinglifeinto

C.breathelifeinto

D.breaththelivinginto

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.breathlifeinto呼吸生活B.breathinglifeinto给某事带来活力

C.breathelifeinto给某事带来活力D.breaththelivinginto把活着的人呼入

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】固定短语breathelifeinto给某事带来活力。该句谓语动词是won’tbe该句缺少主语。因此，这里是动名词短语做主语。B选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】众所周知，给母女企业注入活力并非易事。

12.翻译题

中国政府承诺将通过引进区域气候改善项目，关闭小煤窑和发电厂以及继续对商业排放进行实验的举措，来进一步实现绿色环保的目标。在中央及各地方政府的努力下，2008年中国在节能减排方面取得一定成效。2月份国家统计局的年度报告显示，2008年中国的能耗下降了4.59%，略高于统计局之前降幅约4.21%的估计。但是数据显示两大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比，分别下降了7%和5%。根据十一五计划，到2010年，工业用水的需求量将比2005年下降20%，而森林覆盖率将占到全国面积的20%，比2005年上涨18.2%。

【答案】【参考译文】TheChinesegovernmentpromisestofurtherachievethegoalofgreenandenvironmentalprotectionthroughintroducingprojectsforimprovingregionalclimate,shuttingdownsmallcoalminesandpowerplantsandalsocontinuingtoexperimentwithcommercialemissions.Undertheeffortsofthecentralandlocalgovernments,Chinahasmadecertainachievementsintheaspectofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionin2008.TheannualreportmadebytheNationalBureauofStatisticsinFebruaryshowedthatChina’senergyconsumptiondroppedby4.59%in2008,slightlyhigherthanthedeclineofabout4.21%previouslyestimatedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics.ButthedataindicatedthattheemissionamountofthetwomajorpollutantsSO2andCODfellby7%and5%respectivelycomparedwiththosein2005.Accordingtothe11thfive-yearplan,by2010,thedemandforindustrialwaterwillbe20%lowerthanthatin2005,buttherateofforestcoveragewillaccountfor20%ofthenationalterritoryarea,rising18.2%thanthatin2005.

13.单选题

Allthedoctor’seffortswere______andthepatientsoondied.

问题1选项

A.intears

B.invain

C.inturn

D.inall

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项intears“流着泪”；B选项invain“无效”；C选项inturn“轮流；依次；反过来”；D选项inall“总共，合计”。句意：医生的所有努力都是______，病人很快就死了。根据语境，医生的努力没有成功救回病人，invain“无效”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

Maryhasjustboughtherself______dress.

问题1选项

A.anexpensivebluecotton

B.acottonblueexpensive

C.ablueexpensivecotton

D.acottonexpensiveblue

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.anexpensivebluecotton一条昂贵的蓝色的棉质的B.acottonblueexpensive一条棉质的蓝色的昂贵的

C.ablueexpensivecotton一条蓝色的昂贵的棉质的D.acottonexpensiveblue一条棉质的昂贵的蓝色的

【考查点】形容词排序。

【解题思路】英语中当名词前有多个形容词做定语时，这些形容词通常遵循一定的排序规则：限定词（冠词、指示代词、物主代词、数词等）+表示观点的描述性形容词+形状、大小、长短、高低+年龄、新旧+颜色+国籍、地区+物质材料+中心词；所以这里的空格应该填anexpensivebluecotton，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项都不符合形容词排序规则。

【句意】玛丽刚给自己买了一件昂贵的蓝色棉质裙子。

15.单选题

MartinLutherKing,Jr.persuadedhisfollowerstobringthe（

）oftheAmericanNegroestotheattentionoftheUnitedNations,buttheydidnotactveryeffectively.

问题1选项

A.conspiracy

B.pledge

C.plight

D.compulsion

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。conspiracy“阴谋；共谋”；pledge“保证；誓言；抵押”；plight“困境；苦境”；compulsion“强制；强迫”。句意：马丁•路德•金说服他的追随者去让联合国关注美国黑人的苦境，但是他们的行动没取得什么效果。选项C符合题意。

16.单选题

Theteachersandparentsagreethatitisahintofwhatmightbeexpectedfrom（）generations.

问题1选项

A.superb

B.subsequent

C.supreme

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项superb“极好的，华丽的”；B选项subsequent“随后的”；C选项supreme“最高的，至高的”；D选项subordinate“从属的，隶属的”。句意：老师和家长都认为这是对（）代的期望。这里表达的句意是对subsequentgenerations“后代的期望”，因此B选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Themaglevwillactuallyracealongaguidewayatalmost500kilometersperhour,（

）onthemagneticfield.

问题1选项

A.accelerating

B.duplicating

C.floating

D.roaring

【答案】C

【解析】考查现在分词。accelerating加速的，催化的；duplicating复制，拷贝；floating漂浮，浮动；roaring吼，叫喊。句意：磁悬浮列车将在磁场中以每小时500公里的速度沿着导轨运行。由磁悬浮列车的特点可知“它是漂浮在磁场中”，故C项符合句意。

18.单选题

Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher（

）

toScotland.

问题1选项

A.ticket

B.place

C.seat

D.connection

【答案】D

【解析】loseone’sconnectionto...误了到...地方去的（汽车、火车、轮船的）联运。句意：她很担心，除非火车加快速度，否则她将错过去苏格兰的联运。选项D符合句意。

19.单选题

Iwasaboutto（

）amatchwhenIrememberedTom’swarning.

问题1选项

A.rub

B.hit

C.scrape

D.strike

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。rub摩擦；hit打击，碰撞；scrape刮擦；strike撞击，打，擦。strikeamatch为固定搭配，表示“划火柴”。

句意：我正要划火柴时想起了汤姆的警告。所以选项D正确。

20.单选题

Betweenabout1910and1930,newartisticmovementsinEuropeanartweremakingthemselvesfeltintheUnitedStates.AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”(namedafteritsaddressontheFifthAvenue)ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork,inwhichtheworksofmanyoftheleadingEuropeanartistswereseenalongwiththeworksofanumberofprogressiveAmericanpainters.

SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.Comparedwiththeworksoftherealistpainters,theworksofAmericanmodernistsweremuchfurtherremovedfromtheactualappearanceofthecity.Theyweremoreinterestedinthe“feel”ofthecity,moreconcernedwiththemeaningbehindappearance.However,boththepaintersofthe"AshCanSchool"andthelaterrealistswerestilltiedtonineteenthcenturyorearlierstyles,whiletheearlymodernistssharedintheinternationalbreakthroughsoftheartofthetwentiethcentury.

ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.InCubismnaturalformswerebrokendownanalyticallyintogeometricshapes.Nolongerwasacleardifferentiationmadebetweenthefigureandthebackgroundofapainting.Theobjectsrepresentedandthesurfaceonwhichtheywerepaintedbecameone.TheCubistsabandonedtheconventionalsinglevantagepointoftheviewer,andobjectsdepictedfrommultipleviewpointswereshownatthesametime.

1.Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

2.WhichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasameansthroughwhichAmericanartistslearnedaboutnewmovements?

3.WhydoestheauthormentionAlfredStieglitz?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasamajornewmovementinthetwentieth-centuryart?

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingwasafavoritesubjectforAmericanmodernists?

问题1选项

A.ThedevelopmentofCubism.

B.ModemartmovementsintheUnitedStates.

C.ContemporaryartistsintheUnitedStates.

D.Theinfluenceofphotographyonlandscapepainters.

问题2选项

A.Lessonsfromsuccessfulartists

B.Theexhibitionsatthegallery"291"

C.TripstoEurope

D.TheArmoryShowof1913

问题3选项

A.Todemonstratethatphotographywasthemajorinfluenceinmodemart.

B.Tocomparehimtootherartistsofthetime.

C.Topointoutthatmanyartistslearnedtheircraftbystudyingwithhim.

D.Togiveanexampleofsomeonewhohadaninfluenceonmodernart.

问题4选项

A.Renaissance

B.Cubism

C.Therationaltradition.

D.Impressionism.

问题5选项

A.Portraitsoffamouspeople

B.Countryscenes

C.Citylandscapes

D.Picturesofbuildings’interiors

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了20世纪的美国艺术运动，因此B选项“美国现代艺术运动”符合题意。A选项“立体派的发展”主要体现在第三段中；文章没有讲当代艺术家，故C选项“当代美国艺术家”不正确；D选项“摄影对风景画家的影响”在第二段中稍有提及，过于片面。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.ButthemostimportantinthespreadofthemodernmovementsintheUnitedStateswasthesensationalArmoryShowof1913heldinNewYork（美国艺术家在巴黎之行和摄影家AlfredStieglitz的著名纽约画廊291的展览中熟悉了新的艺术。但是在美国现代运动传播中最重要的是1913年在纽约举行的轰动一时的军械库展览）可知美国艺术家通过巴黎之行、291画廊展览和1913年的军械库展览了解运动，只有A选项“成功艺术家的经验教训”没有提及，因此选A。

3.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的AmericanartistsbecameacquaintedwiththenewartontheirtripstoParisandattheexhibitionsinthefamousNewYorkgallery"291”ofthephotographerAlfredStieglitz.（美国艺术家在巴黎之行和摄影家AlfredStieglitz的著名纽约画廊291的展览中熟悉了新的艺术）可知此处是列举几个队现代艺术有影响的例子，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的ThegreatestofthesebreakthroughswasCubism,developedmostfullyinFrancebetween1907and1914,whichbroughtaboutamajorrevolutionsincetheRenaissance.（其中最大的突破是1907年至1914年在法国发展充分的立体派，这引发了文艺复兴以来的一场重大革命）可知选B。

5.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的SeveraloftheAmericanmodernistswhowereinfluencedbytheArmoryShowfoundtheurbanlandscape,especiallyNewYork,anappealingsubject.（几个受军械展影响的美国现代主义者发现了城市景观是一个非常吸引人的话题，尤其是纽约）可知选C。

21.单选题

Theteachersuggestedthestudentcomplete（

）researchbeforewritingthetermpaper.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.expansive

C.expensive

D.exhaustive

【答