考研考博-英语-宿迁泽达职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宿迁泽达职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

The150millionpeoplewholiveoutsidethecountryoftheirbirthmakeuplessthan2.5percentofworldpopulation,buttheyhaveanimportancefarbeyondtheirnumbers.Someinternationalmigrantsarerefugeesorstudents,butthosewiththemostimpactareeconomicmigrants,drawntoplacessuchasLosAngeles,wherethewagesmaybethreetimesgreaterthanthoseinBombay.Thesemigrantstendtobeyoungandwillingtoworkforlowwages.Thoughtraditionallyunskilled,agrowingnumberarehighlyeducated.

Immigrationisnowthemajorcontributortodemographicchangeinmanydevelopedcountries.IntheU.S.,accordingtothelatestU.S.CensusBureauprojection,thepopulationwillgrowby129millionintheperiodfrom2000to2050,butifimmigrationstopsitwouldgoupbyjust54million.WesternEurope’spopulationis42percentgreaterthanthatoftheU.S.,butitsprojectedimmigrationisonlyabouthalfthatoftheU.S.;asaconsequence,theregionexpectedtolose28millionpeopleoverthenext50years.Japan,whichhasclosetozeronetmigration,isprojectedtolose26millionby2050.(DeathswillstartoutrunningbirthsinwestEuropeandJapanaroundthemiddleofthisdecade).

Duringthepastsixyears,theU.S.received27percentoftheworldinternationalmigrants,comparedwith9percentbyGermany,thesecondmostpopulardestination.OnefourthofallmigrantstotheU.S.wenttoCalifornia;favoritecities,inorderofthenumberofforeign-bom,areLosAngeles,NewYorkCity,SanFrancisco,MiamiandChicago.

Internationalmigrantsprimarilycomefromdevelopingcountries,withChinaat14percentandMexicoat8percentbeingthelatestsources.Afewdevelopingcountries,suchasAfghanistan,Bosnia,LiberiaandRwanda,havehadsignificantinfluxesinrecentyears,butthesereflectmainlythemovementofrefugees.Mostdevelopingcountrieshadnegativenetmigration.

Inthepastfewyears,Europeancountrywithconsiderableimmigrationhashadareactionagainstforeignwork,accordingtosocialscientistChristopherJencksofHarvardUniversity.SomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990striedtorepatriatemigrantworkers.ThusfartheU.S.showsnosignsofreinstitutingtheextremelyrestrictiveImmigration,lawsofthepast,amajorreasonbeingthedependenceofmanyindustriesonasupplyofforeignlabor.Indeed,theAFL-CIO,onceanopponentofhighimmigrationquotashasreversepositionandisnowattemptingtoorganizeimmigrant.ThischangeinattitudeamongotherreasonsleadsJenckstoconcludethatasubstantialreversalofthecurrentliberalpoliciesisunlikely.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsdoesNOTexactlydescribetheeconomicmigrants?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.immigrantsintheperiodfrom2000to2050willgrowby（

）.

3.Manyrefugeesmovefromtheirnationstosuchdevelopingcountriesas

（

）.

4.WhathappenedtosomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990s?

5.TheAFL-CIOlikestoorganizeimmigrantsnowbecause（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theytendtobeyoung

B.Manyofthemarehighlyeducated

C.Theyarewillingtoworkforlowwages

D.Theyconstitute2.5%oftheworldpopulation.

问题2选项

A.129million

B.54million

C.75million

D.28million

问题3选项

A.Afghanistan

B.China

C.Mexico

D.Pakistan

问题4选项

A.Theytriedtoattractmiremigrantworkers.

B.Theywantedtodependmoreonforeignworkers.

C.Theymanagedtoorganizeimmigrants.

D.Theyattemptedtosendbackforeignworkers

问题5选项

A.itisanopponentofhighimmigrantquotas

B.itsdevelopmentisdependentonforeignlabor

C.ithasareactionagainstforeignworkers

D.itshowsnosignofreinstitutingimmigrationlaws

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.文章第一段The150millionpeoplewholiveoutsidethecountryoftheirbirthmakeuplessthan2.5percentofworldpopulation,buttheyhaveanimportancefarbeyondtheirnumbers提到移民的人数占世界人口不到2.5%，所以选项D的描述是不准确的，符合题意。

2.thepopulationwillgrowby129millionintheperiodfrom2000to2050,butifimmigrationstopsitwouldgoupbyjust54million提到美国人口2000到2050年，将增长129million,除去移民的话增长54million，所以移民人数是75million。选项C符合题意。

3.文章倒数第二段Afewdevelopingcountries,suchasAfghanistan,Bosnia,LiberiaandRwanda,havehadsignificantinfluxesinrecentyears,butthesereflectmainlythemovementofrefugees提到阿富汗、波斯尼亚、利比里亚和卢旺达的移民主要是难民，选项A符合题意。

4.文章最后一段SomeAsiancountrieshithardbyrecessioninthelate1990striedtorepatriatemigrantworkers提到在经济萧条期很多亚洲国家的人被遣返，选项D符合题意。

5.文章最后一段amajorreasonbeingthedependenceofmanyindustriesonasupplyofforeignlabor提到美国没有制定严格地移民法律，是因为需要外国的劳动力。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Anemergingawarenessofthecostsofsprawlandtheroleofgovernmentpoliticsinfacilitatingsprawlistransformingmetropolitanareapoliticsaroundthecountry.Electedofficialsfromcitiesandinnersuburbs;downtowncorporate,philanthropic,andcivicinterests;minorityandlow-incomecommunityrepresentatives;environmentalists;slow-growthadvocatesinthenewsuburbs;farmersandruralactivistsallarerealizingthatuncoordinatedsuburbanexpansionbringsneedlesscosts.InChicagotheCommercialClub,anorganizationoftopregionalbusinessleaders,hasreleasedtheChicagoMetropolis2020report,anambitiousplanformeetingthatarea’smyriadchallengesinthecomingdecades.InOhioelectedofficialsfrominnersuburbsaroundClevelandarejoiningforceswithfarmpreservationconstituenciestopushstategrowthmanagementreforms.InMarylandacoalitionofenvironmentalists(theChesapeakeBayFoundation),businessleadersandinner-cityadvocatesareleadingstatewideeffortstocurbsuburbansprawlandpromotereinvestmentinolderestablishedcommunities.InMissouriacoalitionofeightyProtestantandCatholicchurchesisleadingthefighttopromotesmartergrowthintheSi.Louisarea.

Thesenascentcoalitionsreachpastcitylimitsandcrosstraditionalconstituencylines.Themotivationsbehindthesecoalitionsdiffer.Groupsthataredrivenbyaconcernforequityandtheburdenofconcentratedpovertythatcitiesandinnersuburbsmustbearpushfortaxreformsthatwouldreducefiscaldisparitiesamongjurisdictions.Coalitionsconcernedaboutrunawaygrowthadvocatecurbsonsprawlandtrytodirectinfrastructureinvestmenttoolderestablishedareas.Bothkindsofcoalitionsseekmetropolitancollaborationtosolvesuchcross-jurisdictionalproblemsastransportation,environmentalquality,watertreatment,andworkforceandeconomicdevelopment.Thesereformsaremutuallyreinforcing.Mayorswhocareabouttax-baseequitymayfindcommoncausewithno-growthadvocatesintheoutersuburbs.Environmentalistsandruralconstituenciespushingtoconserveopenspaceandfarmlandunderstandthatastrongerurbancoreisintheirinterest.Asonewouldexpect,thevariouscoalitionsencompassdiverseintereststhatreflectthenatureoftheirmetropolitanareas.

Thenewmetropolitancoalitionsaremakingadifferenceontransportationandlanduseissues.LeadersinChattanooga,Portland,andSt.Louisarechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.Invirtualrevoltovercongestedroads,overcrowdedschools,andlossofopenspace,citizensofoutersuburbancommunitiesofsuchfast-growingmetropolitanareasasnorthernVirginiaandSeattlehavepushedcountygovernmentstoincreasedeveloperfees,scalebackexistingplansforresidentialgrowth,andbuylandtopreserveopenspace.Often,however,therecoalitionsfindthatpoweroverlanduse,welfare,housingtaxpolicy,andlocalgovernanceisexercisedinstatecapitalsandWashington,D.C.

Severalstateshaverecognizedthepowerofanew“metropolitics”andarepursuingavarietyofpoliciestosupportit.Theyhaveembracedlandusereformstomanagegrowthatthemetropolitanfringe.Theyhavebeguntosteerinfrastructureinvestmentandotherresourcestoolderestablishedareas.Theyhaverestructuredtaxestopoolresourcesamongjurisdictions.Andtheyhaveauthorizednewformsofmetropolitangovernancetohandlesuchcross-jurisdictionalissuesastransportation,environmentalprotections,wastemanagement,andeconomicdevelopment.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagewouldbe（）.

2.Whatisthemajorproblemwithcitydevelopmentaccordingtothepassage?

3.ThecoalitionsmaybeconcernedwithallofthefollowingissuesEXCEPT（）.

4.Inparagraph3,thesentence“Thenewmetropolitancoalitionsaremakingadifferenceontransportationandlanduseissues”meansthenewmetropolitancoalitionsare（）.

5.Thesuccessofthenew“metropolitics”willdependaloton（）.

问题1选项

A.TheRiseofMetropolitanPoliticsintheUnitedStates

B.CityDevelopmentintheUnitedStates

C.TheRoleofCoalitionsinCityDevelopmentintheUnitedStates

D.MetropolitanReformsintheUnitedState

问题2选项

A.Conflictinginterestsincitiesandinnersuburbs.

B.Governmentpolicyconcerningcitiesandinnersuburbs.

C.Irregularanduncontrolledspreadingofsuburbs.

D.Unbalancedgrowthofvariouspartsofcities.

问题3选项

A.povertyelimination

B.taxpolicy

C.rejuvenationofinnercities

D.spaceexploration

问题4选项

A.turningadeafeartotransportationandlanduseissues

B.takingpartinthedebateontransportationandlanduseissues

C.havinganimpactontransportationandlanduseissues

D.redefiningtransportationandlanduseissues

问题5选项

A.governanceinnovation

B.jurisdictionparticipation

C.landreform

D.olderestablishedareas

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨题。文章第一段主要列举的大量的实例说明新兴的联盟正在形成。第二段主要提到了这些新兴联盟的任务和工作。第三段讲到了新兴联盟在交通和土地使用问题上发挥作用。最后一段主要表达了政府也开始关注这些社会上的新兴力量。所以正篇文章围绕新兴的联盟展开。选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“farmersandruralactivistsallarerealizingthatuncoordinatedsuburbanexpansionbringsneedlesscosts.”，可知农民和农村活动人士都意识到，不协调的郊区扩张会带来不必要的成本。所以城市发展的问题在于郊区不协调而不受控制的扩张。选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“…arechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.”，可知他们选择修复现有的基础设施，投资公共交通，保护开放空间，而不是修建更多的道路。可判断出他们关心的问题是关于保留空间，而不是空间的探索利用。选项D符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“LeadersinChattanooga,Portland,andSt.Louisarechoosingtorepairexistinginfrastructure,investinmasstransit,andpreserveopenspaceratherthantobuildmoreroads.”，列举了查塔努加、波特兰和圣路易斯的领导人在交通和土地方面的措施，进一步说明了新城市联盟对交通和土地利用问题方面产生影响。选项C符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“Severalstateshaverecognizedthepowerofanew“metropolitics”andarepursuingavarietyofpoliciestosupportit.”，可知几个州府已经意识到新都市政治的力量，并正在采取各种改革措施来给予支持。然后下文继续列举并介绍了州府采取的改革和管理措施。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

CharlesReznikoof(1894-1976)workedrelentlessly,neverleavingNewYorkbutforabriefstayinHollywood,ofallplaces.HewasadmiredbyPoundandKennethBurke,andoftenpublishedhisownworks;intheDepressionera,hemanagedatreadleprintingpressinhisbasement.Hewrotethreesortsofpoems:exceptionallyshortimagisticlyrics;longerpiecescraftedandcobbledfromothersources,oftenfromtheJudaictradition;andbook-lengthpoemswroughtfromthetestimonybothofHolocausttrialsandfromthecourtroomsoftum-of-the-centuryAmerica.Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles“Testimony”,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.Whenaskedlateinlifetodefinehispoetry,itwasnotthewordhechose.

“Objectivist”,hewrote,naminghislongstandinggroup,andmimickingpoeticstylewithasingleprosesentence:“imagesclearbutthemeaningnotstatedbutsuggestedbytheobjectivedetailsandthemusicoftheverse;wordspithyandplain;withouttheartificeofregularmeters;themes,chieflyJewish,American,urban.”Ifthesentencesoundshard-won,thisisperhapsbecauseitwas.Fourdecadesearlier,hewroteinalettertofriends,“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.

Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.

BornachildofimmigrantsinBrooklynin1894,hewasinjournalismschoolat16,tookalawdegreeat21.Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.Idealpoeticlanguage,hewrote,“isrestrictedalmosttothetestimonyofawitnessinacourtoflaw.”Ifthissuggestsacongenitaloptimismaboutthelaw,itmadeforastonishinglycare-filledpoetry.Reznikoofisunsurpassedinconveyingthesensethatworldisworthgettingright.Notthegloriousorthedamagedworld,buttheworldthatiseverythingthatisthecase.Reznikoof’sfaithinthefactsofthecasetakesonanintensitynolesssocialthanspiritual,nogreaterwhensurveyingtheOldTestamentthanNewYork.Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.Onesuch,numbered69inthevolume“JerusalemtheGolden”runsinitslength:“Amongtheheapsofbrickandplasterliesagirder,stillitselfamongtherubbish.”ThisexemplarycoupletissometimestakentorepresentReznikoof’spoetryitself,immutableandcertainamidthetransitory.

1.Bysaying“itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany”(Line8,Paragraph1)theauthorimplies（

）.

2.Reznikoff'sattitudetothefactthathewasgroupedasobjectivistis（

）.

3.Theword“rankled”(Line2,Paragraph3)probablymeans（

）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthat（

）.

5.Bycitingthepoeminthelastparagraph,theauthorintendsto（b）.

问题1选项

A.CharlesReznikoffalwayswroteworksabouttestimony

B.CharlesReznikoofwasalwaysinvolvedinthetestimonyaffairs

C.CharlesReznikooflikedtowritetestimony

D.CharlesReznikoofisbusylawyer

问题2选项

A.approval

B.indifference

C.opposition

D.suspicionNormal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

问题3选项

A.interested

B.angered

C.pleased

D.consoled

问题4选项

A.Reznuikofflikedtolearnlaw

B.Reznikoffwasmoreinterestedinspiritualworldthaninsocialworld

C.itisastonishingthatReznikoffwrotecare-filledpoetry

D.Reznikoffwasgreatlyinfluencedbyhislegalexperienceinhispoetrywriting

问题5选项

A.showthattheforceislessenedinthisway

B.showthatthepoemisnotimpressionistic

C.showthatthepoemisimmutable

D.showthatthepoemiscompressed

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“Twoofthesefull-lengthvolumeswereindeedtitles‘Testimony’,aswasanearlierprosework;itwasawordthatkepthimclosecompany.其中两卷书的标题是证词，就像早期的散文作品一样；这是一个和他形影不离的词。”可知查尔斯喜欢写一些和证词相关的作品。故A项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第二段“ThereisalearnedarticleaboutmyverseinPoetrythismonth,fromwhichIlearnthatIamanobjectivist.”ThelearnedfellowwasLouisZukofsky,brillianteminenceoftheobjectivists,“withwhomIdisagreeastobothformandcontentofverse,buttowhomIamobligedforplacingsomeofmythingshereandthere.”SoreadReznikoof’sconclusionin1931,withitsfillipofpoliteresentment.这个月的诗里有一篇关于我的诗的学习文章，从中我了解到我是一个客观主义者。这位学者就是路易•祖科夫斯基，他是一位杰出的客观主义者，我对于诗歌的形式和内容都不同意他的观点，但是我不得不把我的一些东西放在这里和那里。雷兹尼考夫1931年的结论是这样的，其中不乏礼貌的不满。”可知查尔斯对于路易斯称其为客观主义者持不赞成的态度。故C项正确。

3.词义题。由第三段“Movementsandschoolsarearbitraryandimmaterialthingsbywhichpoetichistoryistold.ThismusthaverankledReznikoof,whospenthiswritinglifetracingthematerialandthenecessary.运动和学派是讲述诗歌历史的随意、非物质的东西。这肯定会…查尔斯，因为他的写作生涯主要是描述物质和必然的东西。”根据前后句关系可判断两者存在矛盾，即运动和学派讲述的东西会让查尔斯很生气。故B项正确。

4.推理判断题。由第四段“Thoughhewaslittleinterestedinlegalpractice,theideaswouldbeneartheheartofhiswriting.虽然他对法律实践不感兴趣，但这些想法将是他写作的核心。”可知法律在查尔斯的诗歌创作中起到了很大的作用，故D项“查尔斯的诗歌创作深受法律经验的影响”正确。

5.推理判断题。由最后一段“Thiscollectiongathersallhispoems(butforthosealreadybook-length)bythetechniqueofcompressingontosinglepagesasmanyasfiveorsixatatime.Thiscanlessentheforce;eachisasortofAmericanhaiku,thoughnomoreimpressionisticthanahand-operatedprintingpress.这本诗集收集了他所有的诗歌（但对于那些已经有书本长度的诗歌来说），采用了一次压缩五六页的技术。这可以削弱力量；虽然不比手动印刷机更具有深刻印象，每一句都是一种美国俳句。”后面引用了一首诗作为被压缩之后的诗歌的例子。故D项“显示这首诗被压缩了”正确。

4.单选题

Heknewthathehadonemoredutytoperformbeforeheallowedhimselftosuccumbtohis______forrest.

问题1选项

A.orientation

B.disgust

C.craving

D.objection

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.orientation方向；目标B.disgust厌恶；憎恶

C.craving强烈的愿望；渴望D.objection反对的理由；反对

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“他知道在他屈服于对休息的______之前，他还有一个任务要完成”可推知，______forrest应该是指对休息的强烈渴望，故该题选择C项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。

【句意】他知道在他屈服于对休息的渴望之前，他还有一个任务要完成。

5.翻译题

Traditionally,thewomanhasheldalowpositioninamarriagepartnership.Whileherhusbandwenthiswayshehadtowash,stitchandsew.Todaythemoveistoliberatethewoman,whichmayintheendstrengthenthemarriageunion.Perhapsthegreatestobstacletofriendshipinmarriageistheamountacoupleusuallyseeofeachother.Friendshipinitsusualsenseisnottestedbythestrainofdaily,yearlongcohabitation.Couplesneedtotakeupseparateinterests(andfriendship)aswellasmutuallysharedones,iftheyarenottogetusedtothemoreattractiveelementsofeachother’spersonalities.Marriedcouplesarelikelytoexertthemselvesforguests-beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint-andthentofallintodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.Onceamanconfessed,“ThegreatquestionIhavenotbeenabletoansweris:Whatdoesawomanwant?”Manyhusbandswonderthesamethingtoday.

【答案】从传统上讲，女性在婚姻关系中处于较低的地位。丈夫出门时，她就得洗洗涮涮，缝缝补补。今天的趋势是解放妇女，这最终可能会巩固婚姻。也许婚姻中友谊的最大障碍是夫妻经常见面。通常意义上的友谊不会受到每天、常年的同居生活的压力的考验。如果夫妇们不想要各自性格中更有吸引力的那些部分失去新鲜感，那么除了共同的兴趣外，他们还需要有各自的兴趣（和友谊）。已婚夫妇在来客人时很可能会竭尽全力地接待客人——幽默风趣，谈话时充满激情，——但是在客人走后陷入沉闷、疲惫的沉默。有一次一个男人坦白说：“我一直不能回答的一个大问题是：女人想要什么？”如今，许多丈夫都对同样的事情感到疑惑。

6.单选题

Thebeliefthattheuniverseisimprovingandthatgoodwill（）triumphoverevilprevails.

问题1选项

A.ultimately

B.conclusively

C.feasibly

D.terminally

【答案】A

【解析】ultimately最后，根本，基本上；conclusively最后地，决定性地；feasibly可行地；terminally最后，在末端，致命地。句意：宇宙正在进步，正义终将战胜邪恶的信念盛行。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Peopleinnately（）forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

问题1选项

A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify

D.adhere

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词短语。A选项“为……奋斗，争取……”；B选项“确定，探知”；C选项“证明……是正当的”；D选项“坚持……”，句意为：人们天生（）比同龄人优越，尽管有时表现为夸张的权力欲。本句表示“人们天生就想争取比同龄人优越”，因此A选项符合题意。

8.不定项选择题

Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdisease.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincredibleslaughterofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.

Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel,hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteeringwheel.Theyswear,theyareill-manneredandaggressive,willfulastwo-year-oldandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving.

Thesurprisingthingisthatthesocietysmilessogentlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistic,tobeconvenientlyforgotten.

Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefardifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleare,allowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstrictannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglaws(wheretheyexist)shouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationformanufacturers,ashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afterall,theworldisforhumanbeings,notformotor-cars.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis_______.

2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?

3.Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

4.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

5.Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.

问题1选项

A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotorists

B.thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyear

C.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolax

D.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidents

问题2选项

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.

问题3选项

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.

问题4选项

A.Buildmorehighways.

B.Stricterdrivingtests.

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.

问题5选项

A.ironical

B.critical

C.appealing

D.militant

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.【选项释义】

Themainideaofthispassageis____.

这篇文章的主要观点是____。

A.TrafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotoristsA.交通事故主要是由开车的人引起的

B.ThousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyearB.全世界每年有成千上万的人被杀

C.ThelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingaretoolaxC.有些国家有关驾驶的法律太宽松了

D.OnlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidentsD.只有更严格的交通法规才能防止事故发生

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】全文主要讲当今社会交通事故发生率提高。第一段首先指出问题：全世界每年都有成千上万的人被杀害或惨死；第二段讲到：汽车常常显露出一个人最坏的品质；第三段讲述因为汽车出现许多问题；第四段提出作者的中心观点：现在是时候制定一套世界准则来减少这种无谓的生命浪费了。作者提出一些举措来防止事故的发生。综合全文，文章先是提出因为交通导致的许多问题，最后提出应该要增加交通措施防止事故发生。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“交通事故主要是由开车的人引起的”，文中没有提及交通事故的发生主要是由开车的人引起的，该选项属于无中生有；

B选项“全世界每年有成千上万的人被杀”，文中提到“全世界每年都有成千上万的人被杀害或惨死，而我们却袖手旁观”但是这不是文章的主旨，文章主要说交通事故，该选项以偏概全；

C选项“有些国家有关驾驶的法律太宽松了”，文中提到了有些国家法律太松，但是这是为了引出文章中的主旨——要采取手段防止事故的发生，该选项属于本末倒置。

2.【选项释义】

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?作者是如何看待社会对待司机的？

A.Societysmilesonthemotorists.A.社会对司机笑容可掬。

B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.B.在城市和城镇建造了巨大的停车场。

C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.C.事故的受害者不算什么。

D.Societycondonestheirrudedriving.D.社会容忍他们粗野的驾驶行为。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到Para.3第一句，该处讲到“令人惊讶的是，社会对司机笑容可掬，似乎原谅了他的行为”，又因为上文说到“他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒似乎都在开车的过程中显露出来”综合理解，作者认为社会宽容了司机的行为。比对选项，D选项恰好是此信息的同义转换，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“社会对司机笑容可掬”，这是作者对社会存在的一个现象进行的比喻，并不是作者的态度，属于过度推断；

B选项“在城市和城镇建造了巨大的停车场”，虽然可以在文中定位到该选项，但是该选项不是作者是如何看待社会看待司机的，而是一个客观事实，该选项属于张冠李戴；

C选项“事故的受害者不算什么”，文中虽然可以推测出该选项，但是该选项也是对客观现象的描述，并不是作者认为的，该选项属于过度推断。

3.【选项释义】

Whydoestheauthorsay:“hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?”

为什么作者说:“他的车成为了他个性的延伸?”

A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.A.驾驶可以展示他真实的自我。

B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.B.驾驶可以显示他性格的另一部分。

C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.C.驾驶能显示出他的性格。

D.Hiscarembodieshistemper.D.他的汽车体现了他的脾气。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到Para.2第一句，该处讲到“他的汽车就成了他个性的延伸”，后面的句子讲到“毫无疑问，汽车常常显露出一个人最坏的品质（worstqualities）。”还讲到“他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒似乎都在开车的过程中显露出来”。换言之，驾驶能展示一个人真正的自我，由此可以说是个性的延伸。比对选项，A选项恰好是此信息的同义转换，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“驾驶可以显示他性格的另一部分”，属于展现真正自我中的一部分，该选项以偏概全；

C选项“驾驶能显示出他的性格”，属于展现真正自我的一部分，该选项属于以偏概全；

D选项“他的汽车体现了他的脾气”，属于展现真正自我的一部分，该选项属于以偏概全。

4.【选项释义】

WhichofthefollowingsisNOTmentionedasawayagainsttrafficaccidents?

下面哪一项没有被提到作为一种预防交通事故的方法?

A.Buildmorehighways.A.修建更多的公路。

B.Stricterdrivingtests.B.更严格的驾驶考试。

C.Testdriverseverythreeyears.C.每三年对司机进行一次测试。

D.Raiseagelimitandlaydownsafetyspecifications.D.提高年龄限制，制定安全规范。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干信息词awayagainsttrafficaccidents可定位到Para.4第五句，该处讲到“驾驶考试应该标准化，难度要比现在高得多”，即更严格的驾驶考试；还讲到“所有的司机应该每三年左右参加一次考试”；和“年轻人可以驾驶任何车辆的年龄应该提高到至少21岁”。比对选项，B、C、D都提到了，A没有提到。

【干扰项排除】

B选项“更严格的驾驶考试”、C选项“每三年对司机进行一次测试”以及D选项“提高年龄限制，制定安全规范”通过解题思路可知都是文章中被提到作为一种预防交通事故的方法，和题干相悖，属于反向干扰。

5.【选项释义】

Theattitudeoftheauthoris_____.作者的态度是_____。

A.ironicalA.讽刺的

B.criticalB.批评的

C.appealingC.恳求的

D.militantD.好战的

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】文中先是指出交通事故的产生越来越多，然后指出交通事故的原因，最后对各国宽松的交通法律进行批评。综合来看，作者的态度是批评的。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“讽刺的”，C选项“恳求的”，D选项“好战的”都属于无中生有。

9.单选题

The______causeofdeathtodayinBritainisheartdisease,withcancerinsecondplace.

问题1选项

A.initial

B.previous

C.subsequent

D.prime

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。initial“最初的，第一的”；previous“以前的，早先的”；subsequent“随后的”；prime“主要的，最好的”。句意：如今，英国人的主要死亡原因是心脏病，癌症位居第二。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Shesuddenlysawacougarperchedonthefencereadytoswooponherson.

问题1选项

A.pounceon

B.aimat

C.glideupon

D.attackagainst

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pounceon猛扑；突然袭击B.aimat针对；瞄准

C.glideupon滑翔在……上D.attackagainst袭击

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键词cougar（美洲狮）可推知，这只狮子是猛扑向她儿子，所以swoopon表示“