考研考博-英语-安徽艺术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽艺术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Patientsareexpectedtocomplywithdoctors’instructionsforquickrecovery.

问题1选项

A.improveon

B.abideby

C.drawupon

D.reflecton

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。complywith表示“遵守，照做”；A项improveon“改进，对……加以改良”，B项abideby“遵守，信守”，C项drawupon“利用，开出”，D项reflecton“思考，反省”。句意：希望病人遵照医生的指示尽快恢复。根据句意可知B项正确。

2.单选题

Nohumanbeingis（

），butAlistairAldingtonmadeveryfewmistakes.

问题1选项

A.fallacious

B.false

C.plausible

D.infallible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。fallacious意为“(思想、论据、道理)谬误的，错误的”；false意为“错误的；不正确的，伪造的”；plausible意为“(借口或解释)有道理的，花言巧语的”；infallible意为“永无过失的，一贯正确的，绝对可靠的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系，因此选D。

句意：没有人是永不犯错的，但AlistairAldington很少犯错误。

3.单选题

Oncethebabyhasmasteredtheideathatspaceisthree-dimensional,it____outandbeginsgraspingvariouskindsofobjects.

问题1选项

A.shouts

B.reaches

C.aims

D.puts

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.shouts（~out）大声喊出B.reaches（~out）伸出手

C.aims目的是D.puts（~out）熄灭

【答案】B

【考查点】介词搭配与语义衔接

【解题思路】首先，空格后搭配的介词为out；其次，后文语义为“开始抓取各种物体”，所以B选项reaches“（~out）伸出手”既符合介词搭配又符合语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】

A选项shouts“（~out）大声喊出”，与后文“抓取”语义衔接不当；

C选项aims“目的是”，不与介词out搭配；

D选项puts“（~out）熄灭”，与原句语义衔接不当。

【句意】一旦婴儿掌握了空间是三维的这一概念，他就会伸出手去抓各种各样的物体。

4.单选题

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.

Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theU.S.spent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1,540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”，sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Askaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat（

）.

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof

（

）.

4.IncontrasttotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare

（

）.

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy

问题2选项

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

C.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

问题3选项

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.Slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

问题4选项

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

问题5选项

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.（据说在英国死亡是迫在眉睫的，在加拿大死亡是不可避免的，在加利福尼亚死亡是可选择的）以及其后介绍的医疗技术的进步，使美国人在过去的一个世纪里，预期寿命几乎翻了一翻，因此C选项“美国人对他们的医疗技术过于自信”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Deathisnormal...Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.（死亡是正常的……我们要求一切可以为我们做的事情，即使它是无用的。最明显的例子是晚期癌症护理。医生们因无法治愈疾病而感到沮丧，并且担心病人失去希望，他们常常采用远远超出科学依据的极端治疗）可知A选项“医疗资源经常被浪费”符合题意。

3.观点态度题。根据题干关键词Lamm定位到文章第三段中，可知Lamm的观点是theoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”（年老体弱的人有义务死亡，以免挡住道路）。由第四段中的Iwouldnotgothatfar...Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.（我不会走这么远……作为一个只有68岁的人，我希望能像他们一样富有成效地衰老）和最后一段中的Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful...wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycures（我知道最昂贵和最戏剧性的措施可能是无效和痛苦的……我们可能为寻求不太可能治愈的方法提供了过多的资金）可推测作者基本同意Lamm的观点，但仍然有所保留，因此选B。

4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.（我还知道，日本和瑞典的人们在医疗上花费更少，他们的寿命比我们的更长，更健康）可知D选项“更合理”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段提出尽管有一个伟大的医疗卫生体系，但死亡不可避免；第二段提出死亡是正常的，但我们却想尽一切方法来延缓生命；第三段提出医疗资源不应该被浪费在一些没有挽救意义的人身上；第四段提出老年人的生活也可以是有价值的；第五段指出寿命的长短，依靠的不仅仅是医疗资源，应该合理使用。故本文旨在说明人们要勇于接受死亡，因此C选项“死亡应该被接受为生活中的事实”符合题意。

5.单选题

Themissioncontrollerssayitisimportantto________thatthespacepioneersdonotgohungry.

问题1选项

A.ensure

B.assure

C.becertain

D.bedependent

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“保证，确保”；B选项“保证，担保”；C“确信，肯定”；D选项“依靠”。句意：任务团的负责人说：“（）太空航天员不饿肚子是很重要的。”根据句意排除D。

1.assure用来表示向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表示使某人确信，assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词，如Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem（他向我们保证他有解决这件事的能力）

2.ensure的意思是使某行为或某件事的结果得以保证，即确保某事发生（tomakesurethatsth.happens）。ensure后可以直接跟that-clause，并可以用复合宾语。Wemustensurethatallpatientshaveaccesstohighqualitycare.（我们必须确保所有的病人都能够得到高质量的护理。）

3.certain表示某人准确无疑的相信某事，如She’sabsolutelycertainshe’sgoingtomakeitintheworld.（她确信自己将享誉全球。）

6.单选题

HistorianshavelongknownthatthereweretwosidestothePopulistmovementofthe1890s:aprogressiveside,embodyingtheprotestsofformersagainstbigbusiness,andadarkerside,markedbyadistrustofEasterners,immigrants,andintellectuals.Inthe1950s,oneschoolofU.S.socialthinkersconstructedaparallelbetweenthisdarksideofPopulismandthecontemporaryanti-CommunistcrusadespearheadedbyWisconsinSenatorJosephMcCarthy,whichattackedliberalism,Easternintellectuals,andcivillibertiesingeneral.ToSeymourMartinLipset,McCarthyismrepresented“thesourdregsofPopulism”;toEdwardShils,McCarthyism,likePopulism,exemplified“theambiguousAmericanimpulsetoward4directdemocracy.

NothingthatMcCarthyismandPopulismhadbothfoundtheirstrongestsupportintheagrarianMidwest,

LipsetarguedthatvoterswhobackedagrarianprotestmovementsduringearliereconomiccriseshadsupportedMcCarthyinthepost-WorldIIperiodofprosperity.IntheeyesofwriterslikeLipset,theappealofMcCarthyismextendedbeyondtheagrarianbaseofPopulismtoincludeurbangroupssuchasindustrialworkers.Lipsetclaimedthat“thelowerclasses,especiallytheworkers”hadbackedMcCarthy.Inamoresweepingfashion,LewisFeuerclaimedthat“itwastheAmericanlowerclass...whogavetheiroverwhelmingsupporttotheattacksinrecentyearsincivilliberties.”

Writingafewyearslater,politicalscientistMichaelPaulRoginchallengedthesesuperficiallyplausiblenotions,contendingthattheymerelyembodiedthewriters,ownassumptionsaboutthesupposedintoleranceoflowerclassgroups,ratherthanavalidinterpretationofMcCarthyism.Rogincriticallyexaminedtheirassertionsbythesimplemethodoftestingthemagainsttheevidence.HetestedLipset’sclaimsaboutthecontinuityofMcCarthyismandearlieragrarianprotestmovementsbybreakingdownstatewidevotingstatisticsonacounty-by-countybasis.HefoundthatWisconsincountiesthathadvotedstronglyforProgressivesbeforeWorldWarIIdidnotsupportMcCarthy;McCarthy’ssupportwasconcentratedinhishomeregionandinethnicGermanareasthathadbeentraditionallyconservative.TheoldProgressivevotehadinfactgonetoMcCarthy’sopponents,theDemocrats.

TotestLipset’sgeneralizationsaboutMcCarthy’ssupportamongclassgroups,Roginattemptedtodeterminewhetherindustrialworkershad,infact,backedMcCarthy.Correlatingincomeandemploymentstatisticswithvotingrecords,RoginfoundthatthegreatertheemploymentinindustryinagivenWisconsincounty,thelowerwasMcCarthy’sshareofthevote.Roginconcludedthatthethesisof“McCarthyismasPopulism”shouldbejudged“notastheproductofsciencebutasa...ventureintoconservativepoliticaltheory.’’

1.TheauthorwouldprobablyassertthePopulismandMcCarthyism（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredthatRogin’smostseriouscriticismofLipset,Feuer,andShils’smethodologywouldprobablybethatthey（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,RoginconcludedthatthewritingsofLipset,ShilsandFeuer（）.

4.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

问题1选项

A.werecompletelyoppositeincharacter

B.wereresponsesto,respectively,agrarianandindustrialconditions

C.wereessentiallydissimilarmovementsthatsharedsomecommonfeatures

D.eachhadbothaprogressiveandadarkerside

问题2选项

A.reachedincorrectconclusionsaboutMcCarthy

B.failedtoexaminetheevidencethatcouldsupportorweakentheirconclusions

C.equatedsupportforMcCarthyismwithanti-intellectualism

D.placedtoomuchemphasisonthedualcharacterofPopulism

问题3选项

A.intentionallydistortedhistoricalevidence

B.wereflawedbypoliticalpresuppositions

C.lentsupporttoattackoncivilliberties

D.weremarkedbyanti-intellectualbias

问题4选项

A.discoveriesdescribinganinstanceofflawedhistoricalanalysis

B.advocatingtheuseofstatisticalmethodsinhistoricalresearch

C.examiningthesimilaritiesbetweentwopoliticalmovements

D.explainingwhyhistoricalconclusionsshouldberevisedaccordingtolaterrevelations

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的内容，二十世纪五十年代，美国社会思想家将民粹主义的阴暗面和反共产主义运动进行相提并论和比较，说明是有共同之处的，选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，罗金对李普塞特、福伊尔和希尔斯的方法论进行了验证，最严厉的批评是，二者都没有对自己的观点给出证据。选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，罗金的总结是，麦卡锡主义不应该被判定为科学的产物，而是一种保守政治理论。选项B符合题意。

4.主旨题。作者首先提出了麦卡锡主义和民粹主义理论，接着提出罗金对他们方法论做出了验证，最后表明将麦卡锡主义比作民粹主义的理论不应被判定为科学的产物，而是一种政治领域的探索。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Ifyouturnitedgewiseyou’llgetthedeskthroughthedoor.

问题1选项

A.outwards

B.forwards

C.sideways

D.inwards

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A项outwards“向外地”，B项forwards“向前，今后”，C项sideways“向侧面地，间接地”，D项inwards“向内地，向中心地”。句意：如果你把它斜着转，你就能把桌子穿过门。根据句意可知，edgewise在句中表示“斜着”，四个选项中与之相近的意思只有C项符合。因此，该题选择C项。

8.单选题

Theinterrelationshipofscience,technology,andindustryistakenforgrantedtodaysummedup,notaltogetheraccurately,as“researchanddevelopment”.Yethistoricallythiswidespreadfaithintheeconomicvirtuesofscienceisarelativelyrecentphenomenon,datingbackintheUnitedStatesabout150years,andintheWesternworldasawholenotover300yearsatmost.Eveninthiscurrenteraoflargescale,intensiveresearchanddevelopment,theinterrelationshipsinvolvedinthisprocessarefrequentlymisunderstood.UntilthecomingoftheIndustrialRevolution,scienceandtechnologyevolvedforthemostpartindependentlyofeachother.Thenasindustrializationbecameincreasinglycomplicated,thecrafttechniquesofpreindustrialsocietygraduallygavewaytoatechnologybasedonthesystematicapplicationofscientificknowledgeandscientificmethods.Thischangeoverstartedslowlyandprogressedunevenly.Untillateinthenineteenthcentury,onlyafewindustriescouldusescientifictechniquesorcaredaboutusingthem.Thelistexpandednoticeablyafter1870，buteventhenmuchofwhatpassedfortheapplicationofsciencewas“engineeringscience”ratherthanbasicscience.Nevertheless,bythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,therapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeandofpublicawarenessifnotunderstanding—ofithadcreatedabeliefthattheadvanceofsciencewouldinsomeunspecifiedmannerautomaticallygenerateeconomicbenefits.Thewidespreadandusuallyuncriticalacceptanceofthisthesisledinturntotheassumptionthattheapplicationofsciencetoindustrialpurposeswasalinearprocess,startingwithfundamentalscience,thenproceedingtoappliedscienceortechnology,andthroughthemtoindustrialuse.Thisisprobablythemostcommonpattern,butitisnotinvariable.Newareasofsciencehavebeenopenedupandfundamentaldiscoveriesmadeasaresultofattemptstosolveaspecifictechnicaloreconomicproblem.Conversely,scientistswhomainlydobasicresearchalsoserveasconsultantsonprojectsthatapplyresearchinpracticalways.Insum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.

1.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinthepassage?

2.The“list”mentionedinline13refersto（）.

3.Theunderstandingofresearchanddevelopmentinthelatenineteenthcentury-isbasedonwhichofthefollowing?

4.Whydoestheauthormention“consultants”inline26?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport?

问题1选项

A.Tocorrectmisunderstandingsabouttheconnectionsbetweenscience,technology,andindustry

B.Todescribethescientificbaseofnineteenth-centuryAmericanindustries

C.Toshowhowtechnologyinfluencedbasicscience

D.Toarguethatbasicsciencehasnopracticalapplication

问题2选项

A.typesofscientificknowledge

B.changesbroughtbytechnology

C.industriesthatusedscientifictechniques

D.applicationsofengineeringscience

问题3选项

A.Engineeringscienceisnotveryimportant.

B.Industrialneedsshoulddeterminewhatareasfundamentalsciencefocuseson.

C.Therelationshipbetweenresearchanddevelopmentshouldbecriticized.

D.Fundamentalsciencenaturallyleadstoeconomicbenefits.

问题4选项

A.Toshowhownewareasofsciencehavegivenrisetonewprofessions

B.Todistinguishbetweenscientistswhoworkinindustryandthosewhodonot

C.Toshowhowscientistswhoworkinbasicresearchcontributetoappliedscience

D.Toexplainthewaysinwhichscientistsfindfinancialsupportfortheirwork

问题5选项

A.Thedevelopmentofscienceandofindustryisnowinterdependent.

B.Basicscientificresearchcannotgeneratepracticalapplications.

C.Industriesshouldspendlessmoneyonresearchanddevelopment.

D.Scienceandtechnologyarebecomingmoreseparate.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.作者意图题。由文章开头“Theinterrelationshipofscience,technology,andindustryistakenforgrantedtodaysummedup,notaltogetheraccurately,as“researchanddevelopment”…Eveninthiscurrenteraoflargescale,intensiveresearchanddevelopment,theinterrelationshipsinvolvedinthisprocessarefrequentlymisunderstood.科学、技术和工业之间的相互关系在今天被认为是理所当然的——不能完全准确地概括为“研究和开发”……即使在当今这个大规模、密集的研究和开发的时代，这个过程中所涉及的相互关系也常常被误解。”以及本文最后一句“Insum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.总之，科技-工业关系可能以几种不同的方式流动，它所遵循的特定渠道取决于个人情况。它有时甚至是多向的。”可知作者开头即点明人们对科学，技术，工业的相互关系的误解，最后一句也点明这三者之间正变得越来越疏远。作者的意图在于澄清人们对这三者之间的误解。故A项正确。

2.词义题。由题干定位到“Untillateinthenineteenthcentury,onlyafewindustriescouldusescientifictechniquesorcaredaboutusingthem.Thelistexpandednoticeablyafter1870…直到19世纪后期，只有少数几个行业能够使用科学技术或关心使用它们。1870年后，这一名单显著扩大”由此可知list是指代上文提到的“使用科学技术的行业”。故C项正确。

3.细节试题题。由题干定位到“Nevertheless,bythemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,therapidexpansionofscientificknowledgeandofpublicawarenessifnotunderstanding—ofithadcreatedabeliefthattheadvanceofsciencewouldinsomeunspecifiedmannerautomaticallygenerateeconomicbenefits.尽管如此，到19世纪中叶，科学知识和公众意识（如果不是理解的话）的迅速扩展使人们相信，科学的进步将以某种未指明的方式自动地产生经济效益。由此可知人们相信科学进步能够带来经济效益。故D项正确。

4.判断推理题。由题干定位到“Conversely,scientistswhomainlydobasicresearchalsoserveasconsultantsonprojectsthatapplyresearchinpracticalways.相反地，主要从事基础研究的科学家也担任顾问，从事以实际方式应用研究的项目。”从事基础研究的科学家也兼顾应用研究，可知作者想表明科学家对应用研究的贡献。故C项正确。

5.判断推理题。由本文最后一句“Insum,thescience-technology-industryrelationshipmayflowinseveraldifferentways,andtheparticularchannelitwillfollowdependsontheindividualsituation.Itmayattimesevenbemultidirectional.总之，科学-技术-工业关系可能以几种不同的方式流动，它所遵循的特定渠道取决于个人情况。它有时甚至是多向的。”可知D项“科学和技术正变得越来越分离开”与该内容相符。故D项正确。A项与此内容不符。B项“基本科学研究不能产生实际应用”文中没提到；C项“工业应该在研究和发展上少花点钱”文中也没提到。

9.单选题

Thechairmanmadea(n)（）statementbeforebeginningthemainbusinessofthemeeting.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.intermediate

C.preliminary

D.operational

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。intensive加强的，集中的；intermediate中间的，起媒介作用的；preliminary初步的；operational操作的，运行的。句意：主席在开始会议的主要工作之前作了初步发言。选项C符合句意。

10.单选题

Byafternoon,itwasimpossibleto（）theheat,sowestoppedworkingandwent

inside.

问题1选项

A.mask

B.endure

C.defeat

D.shelter

【答案】B

【解析】句意:到下午了，我们不可能忍受炎热，因此，我们要停止工作，回到室内。

考查动词辨析。mask掩藏；endure忍耐，容忍；defeat战胜，击败；shelter保护，庇护。根据宾语theheat热度可知，B项正确。

11.单选题

Amembershipcard（

）theholdertousetheclub'sfacilitiesforaperiodoftwelvemonths.

问题1选项

A.approves

B.authorizes

C.rectifies

D.endows

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项approve“批准；赞成；为……提供证据”；B选项authorize“批准；认可；授权给”；C选项rectify“改正；精馏”；D选项endow“赋予；捐赠；天生具有”。句意：持有会员卡的人……在12个月内使用俱乐部的设施。有会员卡的人自然是“被授权”使用俱乐部设施，B选项正有authorizesb.to“授权某人做……”这一用法。

12.单选题

Notonly（

）metoomuch,butdidn’tdoagoodrepairjob.

问题1选项

A.didhecharge

B.hecharged

C.hehascharged

D.hashecharged

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：他不仅收费高，而且修理工作也没有做得很好。Not等具有否定意义的词放于句首时，句子用部分倒装，所以排除B、D选项。butalso后面那句话的时态是一般过去时，所以前面的句子也是用一般过去时，因此排除D选项，答案选A。

13.单选题

Perhapsallcriminalsshouldberequiredtocarrycardswhichread:Fragile:HandlewithCare.Itwillneverdo,thesedays,togoaroundreferringtocriminalsasviolentthugs.Youmustrefertothempolitelyas“socialmisfits”.Theprofessionalkillerwhowouldn’tthinktwiceaboutusinghiscluborknifetobattersomeharmlessoldladytodeathinordertorobherofhermeagerlife-savingsmustneverbegivenadoseofhisownmedicine.Heisinneedof“hospitaltreatment”.Accordingtohismisguideddefenders,societyistoblame.Awickedsocietybreedsevil-orsotheargumentgoes.Whenyoulistentothiskindoftalk,itmakesyouwonderwhyaren’tallcriminals.Wehavedoneawaywiththeabsurdlyharshlawsofthenineteenthcenturyandthisisonlyright.Butsurelyenoughisenough.ThemostsenselesspieceofcriminallegislationinBritainandanumberofothercountrieshasbeenthesuspensionofcapitalpunishment.

Theviolentcriminalhasbecomeakindofhero-figureinourtime.Heisglorifiedonthescreen;heispursuedbythepressandpaidvastsumsofmoneyforhis“memoirs”.Newspaperswhichspecializeincrimereportingenjoyenormouscirculationsandthepublishersoftrashycopsandrobbersstoriesor“murdermysteries”haveneverhaditsogood.Whenyoureadabouttheachievementsofthegreattrainrobbery,itmakesyouwonderwhetheryouarereadingaboutsomegloriousresistancemovement.Thehardenedcriminaliscuddledandcossetedbythesociologistsontheonehandandadoredasaherobythemassesontheother.It’snowonderheisaprivilegedpersonwhoexpectsandreceivesVIPtreatmentwhereverhegoes.

Capitalpunishmentusedtobeamajordeterrent.Itmadetheviolentrobberthinktwicebeforepullingthetrigger.Itgavethecold-bloodedprisonersomethingtoponderaboutwhilehewasshakinguporservinghisarseniccocktail.Itpreventedunarmedpolicemenfrombeingkilledwhilepursuingtheirdutybykillersarmedwithautomaticweapons.Aboveall,itprotectedthemostvulnerablemembersofsociety,youngchildren,frombrutalviolence.Itishorrifyingtothinkthatthecriminalcanliterallygetawaywithmurder.Weallknowthat“lifesentence”doesnotmeanwhatitsays.Aftertenyearsorsoofgoodconduct,themostdesperatevillainisfreetoreturntosocietywherehewillliveverycomfortably,thankyou,ontheproceedsofhiscrime,orhewillgooncommittingoffencesuntilheiscaughtagain.

Peoplearealwayswillingtoholdliberalviewsattheexpenseofothers.It’salwaysfashionabletoposeasthedefenderoftheunder-dog,solongasyou,personally,remainunaffected.Didthedefendersofcrime,onewonders,intheirdesireforfair-play,consultthevictimsbeforetheysuspendedcapitalpunishment?Hardly,youseetheycouldn’t,becauseallthevictimsweredead.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sopinion?

2.Thetonetakenbytheauthortowardsthesedefendersofcrimeinthepassageis（

）.

3.“Capitalpunishment”mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Allcriminalsshouldberequiredtocarrycardswhichread:Fragile:HandlewithCare.

B.Capitalpunishmentistheonlywaytodetercriminals.

C.Societyistoblame.

D.Allcriminalsneedhospitaltreatment.

问题2选项

A.ironical.

B.critical.

C.agitated.

D.controversial.

问题3选项

A.lifesentence.

B.severepunishment

C.fine.

D.sentenceofdeath

问题4选项

A.Therehasbeenamarkedtrendinsocietytowardsthehumanetreatmentoflessfortunatemembers.

B.Everybodyinsocietythinksitreasonablethatallcriminalsshouldbepunished.

C.Theauthorsympathizeswithallcriminals.

D.Robbersusuallythinktwicebeforeshooting.

问题5选项

A.Professionalkillersshouldnotbetreatedwithhumanetreatment.

B.Theviolentrobbersshouldthinktwicebeforepullingthetrigger.

C.Weshouldgivetheprisonertimetoponderaboutwhileheisshakinguporservinghisarseniccocktail.

D.Severepunishment,evendeathpenalty,shouldbegiventocriminals.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节题。第三段指出:Capitalpunishmentusedtobeamajordeterrent(死刑是主要的威慑力量),故选B。

2.态度方向。根据题干关键词定位至最后:Didthedefendersofcrime,onewonders,intheir

desireforfair-play,consultthevictimsbeforetheysuspendedcapitalpunishment?Hardly,youseetheycouldn’t,becauseallthevictimsweredead(罪犯的辩护人认为要公平，那是不是在执行死刑前要咨询受害者意见呢？显然这是不可能的，因为所有的受害者都死了)。据此可见作者的预期是具讽刺意味的。

3.词义题。“Capitalpunishment”指的是“判死刑”。

4.细节题。B项：大家都认为所有罪犯都应受到惩罚。文章中并未提到，故排除。C项：作者同情犯罪分子。作者对犯罪分子的态度是否定的，故排除。D项：职业杀手会三思而后行,与文章内容不符。

5.推断题。根据全文大意,可知D项(对犯罪分子要从重处罚，甚至死刑)正确。

14.单选题

Anexistingworkagreement______onAugust14andnegotiationsforanewonehavebrokendown.

问题1选项

A.expires

B.exceeds

C.terminates

D.ceases

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项expire“到期，期满”，一般指因到期而失效；B项exceed“超过，胜过”，C项terminate“结束，终止”，一般指终止某件事情，相当于end；如：Theagreementwasterminatedimmediately.（那项协议立即被终止了）。D项cease“停止，终了”，指停止某件事情，相当于stop，如：Heorderedhismentoceasefire.（他命令手下停止射击）。根据句子中表示日期的关键词August14（8月14日）可知，A项符合句意。句意：现有的工作协议将于8月14日到期，新协议的谈判已经破裂。因此，该题选择A项正确。

15.单选题

TerryWolfischColemayseemlikeanordinary40-year-oldmom,butherneighborsknowthetruth:She’soneofthe“PodPeople.”Atthesupermarketshewanderstheaislesinaself-containedbubble,thankstoheriPoddigitalmusicplayer.Throughthoselittlewhiteearbuds,WolfischColelistenstoaplaylistmixedbyherfavoritediscpresenter—herself.

Athome,whenthekidsaretuckedaway,WolfischColeoftenescapestoanothersolomediapod—butinthisone,she’stransmittinginsteadofjustreceiving.Onhercomputerweblog,or“blog”,shetypesanonlinejournalchroniclingdailynewsofherlife,thensharesitallwiththeWeb.

WolfischCole—whoalsogetsherdailynewscustomizedofftheInternetandwhosedigitalvideorecorder(DVR)scansthroughthetelevisionwastelandtofindandrecordshowsthatsuithertastes—ispartofanewbreedofpeoplewhoarefiltering,shapingandevencreatingmediaforthemselves.Theyareincreasinglyturningtheirbacksontheestablishedsystemofmassmediathathasprovidednewsandentertainmentforthepasthalf-century.They’vejoinedtheexploding“iMedia”revolution,puttingthepowerofmediainthehandsofordinarypeople.

ThetoolsofthemovementconsistofabubblingstewofnewtechnologiesthatincludeiPods,blogs,podcasts,DVRs,customizedonlinenewspapers,andsatelliteradio.

DevoteesofiMediarunthegamut(范围)fromthe89-year-oldNewYorkgrandmother,knownasBubby,whohastakenupbloggingtoshareherworldlyadvice,to11-year-oldDylanVerdiofTexas,whohasstartedbroadcastingherownhomemadeTVshowor“vlog”,forvideoweblog.InbetweenarecountlessiMediaenthusiastslikeRogiervanBakel,44,ofMaine,whoblogsatnight,readsaWeb—customizednewspageinthemorning,travelswithhisfullyloadediPodandcomeshometowatchwhatevertheDVRhaschosenforhim.

“Iftheoldmediamodelwasbroadcasting,thisnewphenomenonmightbecalledego-casting,”saysChristineRosen,afellowwiththeEthicsandPublicPolicyCenter.“Thetermfits,”shesays,“becausethetrendisallaboutme-me-media—theideaistogetexactlywhatyouwant,whenandwhereyouwantit.”

RosenandotherstracethebeginningsoftheiMediarevolutiontotheinventionoftheTVremote,whic