考研考博-英语-安徽扬子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽扬子职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

Itisalmostacommonplacethatsuccessfulforeignpolicymustgrowoutofdomesticpoliticalconsensus.CertainlythisistrueintheUnitedStateswithrespecttoenvironmentalissues,wherevirtuallyeverysuccessfulinternationalregimehashaditsrootsinU.S.domesticlaw.ThemostspectacularsuccesstheMontrealozoneagreementgrewoutoftheU.S.regulationofchlorofluorocarbons,thechiefculpritinthedestructionoftheozonelayer,beginningwithabanonaerosolspraycansinthelate1970s.Otherrelativelysuccessfulinternationalregimesforexampletolimitoilpollutionfromtankers,toregulatetradeinendangeredspecies,andtocontroldangerouspesticidesandchemicalsalsobuiltonU.S.efforts,ratherthanattemptingtoforcetheUnitedStatestochangeitswaysthroughthepressureofaninternationalregime.

Fromthebeginning,however,U.S.climatechangepolicyfollowedadifferentpath,focusingoninternationalratherthandomesticmeasures.

Tosomedegree,thisreflectedtheunderstandablereluctanceofmanygovernmentstotakedomesticactionwithoutanassurancethatotherswouldfollowsuit.Giventheglobalcausesofclimatechange,ifacountryactsalone,itsimplydrivesupitsowncostswithoutmakingameaningfuldentinsolvingtheproblem.Internationalactionisnecessarytomakedomesticclimatepolicieseffective.Toagreaterdegree,however,theinternationalfocusofU.S.climatepolicyreflectedalackofdomesticpoliticalwill.AlthoughpollsconsistentlyindicatethatAmericansareconcernedaboutclimatechange,climatechangehasuntilnowneveremergedasamajorpoliticalissueintheUnitedStates.Comeelectiontime,education,socialsecurityandtaxeshavetakeprecedenceinvoters’minds.Indeed,climatechangeusuallydoesnotevencrackthetopthreeenvironmentalconcernscleanwater,cleanairandurbansprawl.Asaresult,climateactivistshavetendedtoviewtheinternationalarenaasapotentiallymorefavorableforum.TheonlyrealattempttoenactbindingdomesticmeasuresrelatedtoclimatechangeoccurredearlyintheClintonAdministration,whenClintonproposedabroad-basedenergytaxaspartofhisfirsteconomicplan.

AlthoughClintonbilledthetaxprimarilyasarevenueratherthanaclimatechangemeasureandmadeitapplicabletoallenergysources,notjustthosethatproducegreenhousegases,thetaxwouldhavediscouragedgreenhouseemissionsbyraisingenergypricesandsomeclimatechangeactivistssawitinthatlight.Inpart,thefocusontheinternationalnegotiationswasdrivenbytheinexorablemomentumoftheinternationalclimateagendaitself,withmajormeetingspracticallyeveryyear,whichkeptclimatechangeonthefrontburner.Ironically,theseregularmeetingswhichareusuallyseenasameansofkeepingpressureonstatestoacthelpedgiveClintonacomparativelyeasywayoutpolitically.AstherepresentativeoftheUnitedStatesininternationalaffairs,theadministrationcouldtemporarilysatisfyitsenvironmentalconstituencybyacceptingstrongnationalpolicies,withouthavingtoundertaketheextremelydifficultpoliticalworkofconvincingaconservativeCongresstoenactdomesticlegislationtoreduceemissions.

Ofcourse,thisapproachcouldnotworkindefinitely,sinceinternationalpoliciestocombatglobalwarmingeventuallyrequiredomesticimplementation.Butgiventhecomplexityandseeminglynever-endingcharacterofthenegotiations,theinternationalapproachwasabletobuyconsiderabletimeforanadministrationreluctanttoexpendsignificantpoliticalcapitalathometocombatclimatechange.

Indoingso,administrationofficialscouldcomfortthemselveswiththeargumentthattheyweremakingprogressintheonlywaypossible,byputtinginplaceaninternationalsystemthatwouldbereadytousewhenAmericabecameseriousaboutclimatechange.

【答案】当然，美国在环境问题上也是如此，几乎每一个成功的国际制度都植根于美国的国内法。

在某种程度上，这反映出许多国家政府在不确定其他国家是否会效仿的情况下，不愿意采取国内行动，这是可以理解的。考虑到全球气候变化的原因，如果一个国家单独行动，只会导致成本增加，而不会取得实质性的进展。

在选举期间，选民会优先考虑到教育、社会保障和税收。

尽管克林顿将该税主要宣传为一项税收，而不是一项气候变化措施，并使其适用于所有能源，而不仅仅对于温室气体，但是本可以通过提高能源价格使税收抑制温室气体排放，而一些气候变化积极参与者正是从这个角度看问题的。

在某种程度上，对国际谈判的关注是由国际气候日常工作本身不可阻挡的势头所趋使的，几乎每年都会召开大型会议，这使气候变化问题处于首要地位。

当然，这种方法不可能无限地发挥作用，因为对抗全球变暖的国际政策最终需要国内采取一些措施。

这样一来，政策实施人员就可以安慰自己，说道他们正在以唯一可能的方式-建立一个国际体系的方法取得进展。一旦美国开始严肃对待气候变化问题时，就可以随时使用这个体系。

2.单选题

Couplesblessedwithstrengthandaggression（）looksarebetteroffhavingboys,asthesecharacteristicsareofmoreusetomales.

问题1选项

A.otherthan

B.ratherthan

C.rathertoo

D.inspiteof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。otherthan“不同于；除了”；ratherthan“而不是”；rathertoo“稍微”；inspiteof“尽管”。句意：那些体力更强和有进取心……外表好看的夫妇会更容易生男孩，因为这些特征对男性更有用。因此选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Intheeveningtheymetatthehotel,bothcontentwiththeirday,happytoeata（）mealtogetheranddancealittleafterwards.

问题1选项

A.manually

B.causally

C.leisurely

D.vigorously

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。manually“手动地”；causally“有原因地”；leisurely“休闲地，从容地”；vigorously“精神旺盛地，活泼地”。句意：晚上他们在酒店碰面，对这一天都很满足，他们开心地一起吃了一顿（）的晚餐，然后一起跳了一会儿舞。由and后面的内容“跳舞”可推知and前面的内容的状态也是比较悠闲，轻松的，故C项正确。

4.单选题

Itisamazingthattworesearchesworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery______.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.collaboratively

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项spontaneously“自发地”；B选项simultaneously“同时地”；C选项collaboratively“协作地”；D选项conscientiously“良心上”。句意：令人惊讶的是，两个独立工作的研究人员______获得同样的发现。根据语境，这里指两个研究人员在研究时互不联系，没有任何外部的干涉，却有相同的发现，A选项spontaneously“自发地”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

5.单选题

（）mancannowcreateradioactiveelements,thereisnothinghecandotoreducetheirradioactivity.

问题1选项

A.As

B.Whether

C.While

D.Nowthat

【答案】C

【解析】句意:虽然人类现在可以制造出放射性元素，但无法降低这些元素的放射性。

考查连词辨析。前半句句意为:人类现在可以制造出放射性元素，后半句句意为:无法降低这些元素的放射性。由此可见，前后为转折对比的关系，因此C项“虽然，尽管”正确。

6.单选题

His______personalityprovidesgoodmaterialforcritics.

问题1选项

A.mature

B.considered

C.literate

D.dual

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项mature“成熟的”；B选项considered“经过深思熟虑的”；C选项literate“能读会写的”；D选项dual“双重的”。句意：他的______人格为评论家提供了很好的素材。根据语境，这里D选项dual“双重的”比较符合题意，意思指他的双重人格有很多可讨论的话题。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolIhavetaughtinhaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuchpriorityitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability.Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.

Ifspellingbecometheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelytoplaysafe.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.

Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:“Thisworkisterrible!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible.”Itmayhavebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsomebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild'sideas,anexpressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivationtoseekimprovement.

1.Teachersdifferintheiropinionsabout（）.

2.Theexpression"playsafe"probablymeans（）.

3.Teachersencouragetheuseofdictionariessothat（）.

4.Thewriterseemstothinkthattheteacher'sjudgmentonthatsensitivepieceofwritingis（）.

5.Themajorpointdiscussedinthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.thedifficultiesinteachingspelling

B.theroleofspellingingenerallanguagedevelopment

C.thecomplexitiesofthebasicwritingskills

D.thenecessityofteachingspelling

问题2选项

A.towritecarefully

B.todoasteacherssay

C.Iousedictionariesfrequently

D.toavoidusingwordsoneisnotsureof

问题3选项

A.studentswillbeabletoexpresstheirideasmorefreely

B.teacherswillhavelesstroubleincorrectingmistakes

C.studentswillhavemoreconfidenceinwriting

D.studentswilllearntobeindependentofteachers

问题4选项

A.reasonable

B.unfair

C.foolish

D.careless

问题5选项

A.theimportanceofdevelopingwritingskills

B.thecomplexitiesofspelling

C.thecorrectwayofmarkingcompositions

D.therelationshipbetweenspellingandthecontentofacomposition

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段中“Thereare，however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuchpriorityitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability”，中文翻译为“然而，对于怎么来教拼写或者是从提高整个语言的发展和写作能力方面来说，把拼写放在什么样优先的地位存在着许多不同的看法。”以及“Theproblemis,howtoencourageachildtoexpresshimselffreelyandconfidentlyinwritingwithoutholdinghimbackwiththecomplexitiesofspelling.”中文翻译为：“所存在的问题是，在写作当中怎样鼓励孩子不要让复杂的拼写来影响他流畅地，自信地表达自己的思想。”推断出教学分歧在于怎样教授拼写、以及把拼写放在什么样优先的地位。结合语境，B选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段中“Ifspellingbecometheonlyfocalpointofhisteacher'sinterest,clearlyabrightchildwillbelikelytoplaysafe.Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage”，中文翻译为“如果字的拼写成为老师关心的唯一焦点，很明显，聪明的孩子很可能就会为‘保险起见’，只写一些他会写的字，避免因冒险而出错的语言。”可以推测出D选项“避免用他/她不确定的内容”正确。

3.推理判断题。由题干theuseofdictionaries可以定位到文章第二段中Hewilltendtowriteonlywordswithinhisspellingrange,choosingtoavoidadventurouslanguage.That'swhyteachersoftenencouragetheearlyuseofdictionariesandpayattentiontocontentratherthantechnicalability.”中文翻译为“他只写一些他会写的字，避免因冒险而出错的语言。那就是为什么老师常常鼓励学生很早就要使用字典，而且写作时重视内容而非拼写技能。可以推测出A选项“学生能更自由地表达自己的想法”正确。

4.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章中“Itmayhavebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil'stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadomittedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsomebeautifulexpressionsofthechildsdeepfeelings”中文翻译为“这对于一个学生的写作技能也许是一次尖锐的批评，但它同时也悲哀地反映出那位老师忽视了去阅读一篇包含了表达孩子内心感情的文章。”以及后文“Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors...虽然老师注意到了这些问题并没有错……”可以得知B选项符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。原文前面提出“Thereare,however,vastlydifferentideasabouthowtoteachit,orhowmuchpriorityitmustbegivenovergenerallanguagedevelopmentandwritingability”，中文翻译为“然而，对于怎么来教拼写或者是从提高整个语言的发展和写作能力方面来说，把拼写放在什么样优先的地位存在着许多不同的看法。”后面则写道：注意拼写会限制学生写文章，但是不注意拼写会造成作文的拼写错误。综合考虑，可以推测出D选项正确。

8.单选题

Theaddictivenatureofonlinegamblinghasforcedmany______garnerstoseektreatment.

问题1选项

A.sedative

B.fortified

C.compulsive

D.impulsive

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项sedative“镇静剂”；B选项fortified“（在物质或精神上）加强”；C选项compulsive“欲罢不能的”；D选项impulsive“易冲动的”。句意：在线赌博成瘾的基本特征迫使许多______的赌徒寻求治疗。这里的赌徒对赌博上瘾，不能控制自己停下赌博，C选项compulsive“欲罢不能的”形容他们符合题意。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Sometimes,overaspanofmanyyears,abusinesswillcontinuetogrow,generatingever-increasingamountsofcash,repurchasingstock,payingincreaseddividends,reducingdebt,openingnewstores,expandingproductionfacilities,movingintonewmarkets,etc.,whileatthesametimeitsstockpriceremainsstagnant(orevenfalls).

Whenthishappens,theaverageandprofessionalinvestoraliketendtooverlookthecompanybecausetheybecomefamiliarwiththetradingrange.

Take,forexample,Wal-Mart.Overthepastfiveyears,theretailingbehemothhasgrownsalesbyover80%,profitsbyover100%,andyetthestockpricehasfallenasmuchas30%duringthattimeframe.Clearly,thevaluationpicturehaschanged.Aninvestorthatreadtheannualreportbackin2000or2001mighthavepassedonthesecurity,deemingittooexpensivebasedonametricsuchasthepricetoearningsratio.Today,however,theequationiscompletelydifferent—despitethestockprice,Wal-Martis,inessence,tradingathalfitsformerpricebecauseeachshareisbackedbyalargerdividend,twicetheearningspower,morestores,andabiggerinfrastructure.HomeDepotisinmuchthesameboat,largelybecausesomeWallStreetanalystsquestionhowfasttwooftheworld’slargestcompaniescancontinuetogrowbeforetheirsheersizeslowsthemdowntotherateofthegeneraleconomy.

Coca-Colaisanotherexcellentexampleofthisphenomenon.Tenyearsago,in1996,thestocktradedbetweenarangeof$36.10and$54.30pershare.Atthetime,ithadreportedearningspershareof$1.40andpaidacashdividendof$0.50pershare.Corporatepersharebookvaluewas$2.48.Lastyear,thestocktradedwithinarangeof$40.30and$45.30pershare；squarelyinthemiddleofthesameareaithadbeennearlyadecadeprior!Yet,despitethestagnatestockprice,the2006estimatesValueLineInvestmentSurveyestimatesforearningspersharestandaround$2.16(ariseof54%),thecashdividendhasmorethandoubledto$1.20,bookvalueisexpectedtohavegrownto$7.40pershare(againofnearly300%),andthetotalnumberofsharesoutstanding(未偿付的；未完成的)hasactuallydecreasedfrom2.481billiontoanestimated2.355billionduetothecompany’ssharerepurchaseprogram.

1.Thispassageisprobablyapartof（）.

2.The italicized word ‘’stagnant"，(line 3，Para. 1) can be best paraphrased as

（）.

3.Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lower price because

4.AllthefollowingaresharedbyWal-MartandCoco-ColaEXCEPT（）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,onehadbetter（）.

问题1选项

A.FindHiddenValueintheMarket

B.BecomeRicher

C.GetGoodBargains

D.IdentifyGoodcompanies

问题2选项

A. prominent 

B. terrible 

C. unchanged 

D. progressing

问题3选项

A. it has stored a large quantity of goods

B. it has become financially more powerful 

C. it has been eager to collect money to prevent bankruptcy

D. it is a good way to compete with other retailing companies 

问题4选项

A.thecashdividendhasincreased

B.theearningpowerhasbecomestronger

C.bothbusinesshavecontinuedtogrow

D.thestockpricehasgreatlydecreased

问题5选项

A.buymoreshareswhenthestockpricefallsdown

B.sellouttheshareswhenthestockpricefallsdown

C.dosomeresearchonthevalueofabusinesswhenitsstockpricefallsdown

D.investinthebusinesswhenitsstockpricefallsdown

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.主旨题。文章通篇用Wal-Mart,HomeDepot和Coca-Cola的实例引导我们发现市场的潜在价值，4个选项只有A最符合文章大意。

2.语义题。文章首段表明abusinesswillcontinuetogrow(商业在持续发展)，后面一个while表转折，stagnant后面为orevenfalls（甚至下降），由此推测stagnant意为“停滞不前”。

3.细节归纳题。Wal-Mart的实例在文章第三段被论述,题干说tradingatamuchlowerprice(以低很多的价格交易),对应第三段中的tradingathalfitsformerprice(以之前的半价交易)becauseeachshare...biggerinfrastructure原文because后表明原因,总结起来就是it has become financially more powerful(经济上更强大)。

4.细节判断题。对于Wal-Mart,thestockpricehasfallenasmuchas30%duringthattimeframe(股价下降30%)，对于Coca-Cola,in1996,thestocktradedbetweenarangeof$36.10and$54.30pershare(在1996年股价是$36.10和$54.30每股)，对比现在Lastyear,thestocktradedwithinarangeof$40.30and$45.30pershare(去年，股价为$40.30和$45)，没有巨大的跌幅。

5.细节判断题。原文提到Wal-Mart和Coca-Cola企业股价下跌但分红增长，所以股价下跌时，应评估企业的经济状况。

10.单选题

Asa（

）actor,hecanperform,sing,danceandplayseveralkindsofmusicalinstruments.

问题1选项

A.flexible

B.versatile

C.sophisticated

D.productive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。flexible意为“灵活的”；versatile意为“多才多艺的，有多种技能的”；sophisticated意为“见多识广的，老练的”；productive意为“多产的，有效益的”。由句子后面的内容可知他会很多才艺，因此选B。

句意：作为一名多才多艺的演员，他会表演、唱歌、跳舞并能演奏好几种乐器。

11.单选题

Forthesuccessoftheproject,thecompanyshould（）themostoftheopportunitiesathand.

问题1选项

A.obtain

B.grasp

C.catch

D.make

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项obtain“获得；流行”；B选项grasp“抓牢，握紧；试图抓住；理解，领悟；毫不犹豫地抓住（机会）”；C选项catch“赶上；抓住；感染；了解”；D选项make“使得；进行；布置，准备，整理；制造；认为；获得；形成；安排；引起”。seize/grasp/grab/taketheopportunity“抓住机会”，句中的themostof修饰theopportunities，可视为shouldgrasp(themostof)theopportunities。句意：为了项目的成功，公司应该抓住大部分到手的机会。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Thefallinthenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseaseisgenerally____improvementsindiet.

问题1选项

A.attributedto

B.adjustedto

C.adaptedto

D.accustomedto

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attributedto归因于；被认为是……所为B.adjustedto调节；调整以适应

C.adaptedto适合；适应于D.accustomedto习惯于

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：心脏病死亡人数的下降通常是……饮食的改善。根据逻辑，因为改善饮食，所以心脏病的死亡人数会下降。由此可知，心脏病死亡人数下降是由于饮食的改善也就是归因于饮食的改善。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】心脏病死亡人数的下降通常归因于饮食的改善。

13.单选题

Astheworld'spoliticalandbusinesselitesgatherinDavos,thedominanteconomicandpoliticaltrendisclear.IntheaftermathoftheGreatRecession,thedivergentfortunesofthewesternandAsianpowershavebecomeanoverarchingtheme.Thereallybigquestion,however,iswhetherthisisjustacyclicalblip,orthestartofatrulyhistoriclong-termtrend.

BothviewpointswillhavetheirsupportersinDavos.ThosewhopredictthecontinuingdominanceofthewesternworldwillarguethattheUSeconomyisalreadybeginningtorecoverandthatithasconsistentlysurprisedskepticswithitstechnologicalprowessandeconomicresilience.

AsforEurope,somebelievethattheeurozonecrisishasalreadypeaked.Theyarguethatmarketconfidenceisreturning,thattheGermaneconomy—thecoreoftheeurozoneisinrudehealthandthattheEuropeanUnionisbeginningtoputinplacethereformsthatwillmakeEUmoreresilientandunifiedinfuture.

Optimismaboutwesternstrengthisoftencombinedwithcertainskepticismaboutthe"Asianmiracle".TherewillbevoicesinDavoswarningaboutrisinginflationinChinaandaboutthelong-termriskstoChinaposedbyenvironmentaldegradation,andanageingsociety.SessionsonIndiawillhearcautionsabouteverythingfromcorruptiontowatershortageandarmedrebellionsinthecountryside.

Ingeneral,however,optimismaboutAsiaandpessimismaboutthewestislikelytobetheprevailingmood.EventhoughtheUSeconomyisnowgrowing,anapparentbudgetdeficitandarisingnational'debtpresentapictureofbotheconomicandpoliticalweakness.Similarly,thethreatofsovereign-debtcrisescontinuestohoverovertheEU—anditspoliticalresponsehassofarbeenanythingbutconvincing.

Theconventionalwisdomisthataprofoundshiftofeconomicandpoliticalpowerfromwesttoeastisindeedunderway.Thenextquestioniswhetherthetransitionwillbesmoothorturbulent.

Onceagain,bothsidesoftheargumentwillbeaired.Theoptimistswillarguethattheworldisalreadymovingtowardsanewphaseinthestoryofglobalization.TheybelievethatUSangeraboutallegedChinesecurrencymanipulationandmercantilismwillbeblunted,asChinaallowsitscurrencytoappreciateandastheChinesecomermarketbeanstofulfillitspotential.TherelationshipbetweenChinaandtheUSisseenasamicrocosmofthenewrelationshipbetweendevelopedandemergingpowers.Accordingtotheoptimisticscenario,thewesternworldwillabandonanyflirtationwithprotectionism,asitincreasinglyrealizesthatthegrowthmarketsforthewest'slargecompanieslieincountriessuchasChina,IndiaandBrazil.ThecurrentsurgeinEuropeancarsalestoChinacouldbecitedasanencouragingexampleofthistrend.

1.Astheauthordiscussestheissuesinthispassage,hesounds（）.

2.ThethemeoftheDavosEconomicForumwouldbe（）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheGermaneconomyis（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdiscussedasadragonChina'seconomicgrowthinthepassage?

5.TheChina-USrelationshipwillbeaverychallengingonebecause（）.

问题1选项

A.critical

B.neutral

C.optimistic

D.pessimistic

问题2选项

A.currentproblemsinworld'seconomicrecovery

B.therestructuringofworldeconomyinthepost-crisisera

C.continueddominanceofthewestintheworldeconomy

D.theneedtoaddressthelatestdevelopmentsintheworldeconomy

问题3选项

A.inverygoodshape

B.recoveringgradually

C.experiencingsomeproblems

D.undergoingreforms

问题4选项

A.ageingpopulation

B.highinflation

C.resourceshortages

D.China-USrelations

问题5选项

A.itishardtobalancethedivergentfortunesofthewesternandAsianpowers

B.itembodiesalltheproblemsbetweendevelopedandemergingpowers

C.itispartofthestoryofglobalization

D.theUSisangryaboutChina'seconomicandfinancialpractices

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.作者态度题。纵观全文，作者在文章中只是客观地讲述和分析了世界各国的经济与政治情况，作者并没有过多的发表自己的个人看法，所以在讨论文章中的一些问题的时候，应该是中立的态度。选项B符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第一段，“Astheworld'spoliticalandbusinesselitesgatherinDavos,thedominanteconomicandpoliticaltrendisclear.IntheaftermathoftheGreatRecession,thedivergentfortunesofthewesternandAsianpowershavebecomeanoverarchingtheme.”，可知随着全球政治和商业精英齐聚达沃斯，占主导地位的经济和政治趋势是明显的。在大萧条之后，西方和亚洲强国的不同命运已成为一个重要的主题。接下来的文章讲述了不同国家的发展情况及整个世界的经济发展态势。可推断出它的主题应该是危机过后世界经济结构的调整。选项B符合题意。

3.推断题。根据文章第三段，“theGermaneconomy—thecoreoftheeurozoneisinrudehealth”，可知作为欧元区核心的德国，经济状况是好的。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第四段，“TherewillbevoicesinDavoswarningaboutrisinginflationinChinaandaboutthelong-termriskstoChinaposedbyenvironmentaldegradation,andanageingsociety.”，可知中国不断上升的通胀，以及环境恶化和社会老龄化对中国构成的长期风险。所以中美关系在文中没有提及。选项D符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章第一段，“IntheaftermathoftheGreatRecession,thedivergentfortunesofthewesternandAsianpowershavebecomeanoverarchingtheme.”，可知在大萧条之后，西方和亚洲强国的不同命运已成为一个重要的主题。即西方和亚洲强国的经济实力存在差异。根据文章最后一段，“TherelationshipbetweenChinaandtheUSisseenasamicrocosmofthenewrelationshipbetweendevelopedandemergingpowers.”，可知中美关系被视为发达国家与新兴大国之间新关系的缩影。即中美之间的关系反映了发达国家与新兴国家之间的财富差距。可推断出中美关系具有挑战性的原因在于很难平衡西方和亚洲强国的发展差距。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Ifaman（）himselfandhisfamilyoffoodinordertobuyacat,wecouldconsiderhimmad.

问题1选项

A.deprived

B.robbed

C.rejected

D.denied

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项deprive表示“使丧失，剥夺”，deprivesb.ofsth表示“从某人处剥夺某物”；B选项rob表示“抢劫，掠夺；非法剥夺”，robsbofsth表示“抢劫某人的某物；C选项reject表示“拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃”；D选项deny表示“否定，否认；拒绝给予”，denysb.sth表示“拒绝给予某人某物”。根据句意可知，如果一位男士为了买一只猫使得自己和家人没有食物可吃，那么我们会认为他发疯了。故A项deprive（使丧失，剥夺）最符合句意。因此，本题正确答案为A项。

15.单选题

Ahumanbeingisquite（

）creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorhersenseoffearsand（

）isthinandofteneasilybreached.

问题1选项

A.afrail;insecurity

B.avaliant;phobias

C.anambitious;mortify

D.aludicrous;laughter

【答案】A

【解析】形容词和名词辨析。第一个空考查的是形容词的辨析，frail“脆弱的，薄弱的，抵不住诱惑的”;valiant“勇敢的，有价值的”;ambitious“有野心的，有抱负的”；ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐可笑的”；根据句尾的thinandofteneasilybreached推断出第一个空应该填frail;第二个空考查的是名词辨析，insecurity“不安全，无保障”；phobias“憎恶；恐惧症”；mortify“克制，抑制（肉体、情感等）”作动词；laughter“笑，笑声”；根据关键词thesenseof和句子的整体意思‘人类是一种极为脆弱的生物体，因为掩盖着其恐惧感和不安全感的那层理性的外表是那么的薄弱，且常常易于破裂’可以推断出此处应该填insecurity,所以A选项正确。

16.单选题

Aboutfouryearsago,KerrySturgillfoundherselfatacareercrossroads:Shouldshestayinanindustrypopulatedbyextroverts(外向型的人)orjumpshiptoamorereflectiveplacewhereintrovertslikeherwereinthemajority

Careercounselorshadtoldhertogetoutofthehighlyextrovertedpublicrelationsfields“soyoucanbehappyanddowhatyouare.”Amongthelessfast-pacedareastheypointesto:art,scientificresearch,dataanalysis.

Suchamoveisdefinitelytherightroadformanyintrovertsstrugglingtofitintoanextrovertedworkplace.So,justwhatisanintrovertanyway?It’ssomeonewhoisenergizedbythoughtandreflection,whileextrovertsareenergizedbysocializing.Introvertsnaturallyneedtothinkbeforetheyspeak.Extrovertsusethespeakingprocesstofigureoutwhatitistosay.

And,needlesstosay,thereareplusesandminusestobothpersonalitytypes.

Still,inthemodernworldwhereasmanyastwo-thirdsofthepopulationmaybeextroverted,thosewhoaretheoppositecanbemisunderstood.Theycanbeseenasantisocial,secretive,eventerritorial,becausetheycansometimestrytoprotecttheir“space”andquiet.

Workplacescanactuallybenefitfromhavingbothtypes,saysDeborahBarrett,programdirectoroftheRiceUniversityMBAcommunicationsprogram.

Anintrovertherself,shesaysshehasthebestofbothworlds―workinginanenvironmentofprofessors,whotendtowardsintroversion,yetgettingtoteach,whichcallsonhermore“outthere”skills.

Here’sheradviceforthoselookingtofollowthesamepath:

Makegooduseofe-mail.Ifyoudon’tgettomakeapointataloudmeeting,sendafollow-upemailsharingyourthoughts.

Ifyoudon’thaveanofficeandareeasilydistractedbyongoingsmalltalk,considerlisteningtomusicthroughheadphones.Buttakecarenottomakeyourmoresociableneighborsfeelrejected.

Sure,shesays,ifshehadmovedtoalessstimulatingenvironment,thatmighthave“short-circuitedalotofmypain,butIalsobelieveitwouldhaveshort-circuitedlearningwhat’smademeamuchmorewell-roundedperson.”Hermainlesson?“Idon’thavetobeanextrovert.Ijusthavetoplayatbeingoneforanhour.”

19.Accordingtothecareercounselors,____.

20.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

21.Accordingtotheauthor,introvertsaresometimesmisunderstoodbecausetheyare____.

22.DeborahBarrettbelievesthatteachingisapracticeof____.

23.By“short-circuitedalotofmypain”(inthelastparagraph),DeborahBarrettemeans“______”.

24.WecanlearnfromDeborahBarrett’scasethatintrovertedpeople____.

问题1选项

A.introvertsshouldtrytoavoidworkinginahighlyextrovertedenvironment

B.introvertsshouldtrytochangethemselvestofitintoanextrovertedworkingenvironment

C.extrovertsshouldworkinlessfast-pacedareassuchasartandscientificresearch

D.introvertscanbehappieriftheycanfindjobsinthefieldofpublicrelations

问题2选项

A.Peoplewithintrovertedpersonalityhavesomedisadvantagesinfindingjobs.

B.Peoplewithintrovertedpersonalityhavesomeadvantagesinworkingwithothers.

C.Bothintrovertedandextrovertedpeoplehavemeritsanddemerits.

D.Mostworkplacesneedmoreextrovertedpeoplethanintrovertedones.

问题3选项

A.antisocial

B.reserved

C.aggressive

D.queer

问题4选项

A.reflection

B.introversion

C.energizing

D.socializing

问题5选项

A.ruinedalotofherhappiness

B.savedheralotoftrouble

C.relievedherofaheavyburden

D.addedtohersufferings

问题6选项

A.shouldnotshareofficeswithextrovertedones

B.areeasilyirritatedbysmalltalk

C.liketocommunicatewithothersviae-mail

D.arereluctanttoexpresstheirideasinpublic

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:D

【解析】19.事实细节题。

1）精准定位：根据题干“根据职业顾问，_____”,可定位到原文第2段Careercounselorshadto