考研考博-英语-安徽交通职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽交通职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Manymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.Mostofthemaren’treallymentallyill.Inthejargonofthehospitalbureaucracy,theyareclassifiedas“inappropriateadmissions.”Butsincesocietyhasnothingbettertooffer,theyarelefttorotwithouthope,help,ordignity.Theusualexitisdeath.

Oftenthroughnofaultoftheirown,understaffedandovercrowdedmentalhospitalshandletheir“geriatriccases”littlebetterthancattle.Thereisarecurrentpatternofelderlypatientslockedintowardstopreventthemfromwanderingabout,givensteadydosesoftranquilizerstokeepthem“manageable”,leftdayandnightwithoutatraceofhumanwarmthorcompanionship.

Somehospitalshavewardsfullofelderly,tranquilizedpatients,bodiesbloatedfromtheirinactive,meaninglessexistences,sittinglistlesslyonhardbenchesorsprawledasleeponthefloor.Therearewomen,silentasstatues,occupyingchairsandrockersinthecorridors.Whiletheweathermaybebeautifuloutdoors,oldmenmayindifferentlyshuffleaboutageriatric“cottage”withnowheretogoandnothingtodo.

Yetmanyofthepeoplecouldberestoredtohumandignity,notbycomplicatedtherapeuticprocedures,butamongotherthings,byprovidinggoodmedicalcareandreachingoutahandofkindnesstowardsthem.

Itisestimatedthatonehalfoftheoldpeopleinstatementalhospitalstodaycouldleaveifpropercommunityresources,servicesandprogramswereavailable.Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

2.“Geriatric”inparagraph2referstopeoplewhoare（）.

3.Wemayinferthattheauthor（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthattherealblamelieswith（）.

问题1选项

A.mostoldpeopleneedfamilycare

B.goodcarefortheelderlyiscostly

C.manyoldpeoplearelivingouttheirlastyearsinmentalinstitutions

D.oldpeopleshouldbetakenoutofdoorswhentheweatherispleasant

问题2选项

A.old

B.lonely

C.mentallyill

D.physicallysick

问题3选项

A.isindifferenttothestatusquoofthehospitals

B.issympathetictothesituationoftheelderly

C.isoptimistictowardsthefutureoftheelderly

D.ishostiletowardsthementalhospitalstaff

问题4选项

A.thesociety

B.thementalinstitutions

C.theelderly

D.thehospitalbureaucracy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章内容可知,首段第一句为全文主旨句。“Manymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.”全国各地的许多精神病院已经变成了接纳成千上万没有去处的老年人的垃圾场。选项C符合原文。

2.根据原文句意:人手不足、人满为患的精神病院在处理“病例”时就像对待牲口一样。上一段提到,大多数进精神病院的都是老人,并且他们没有真正的精神疾病,也不是因为孤独或者生病才进来的,所以“geriatric”指的是老年人。选项A正确。

3.根据最后一段的内容可知,如果有适当的社区资源、服务和项目,现在州立精神病院的老人可以离开一半。但是冷漠的社会并没有提供这些服务。说明作者更多的是同情这些老人,选项B正确。

4.根据最后一段最后一句“Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.”但是冷漠的社会并没有提供这些服务。说明作者认为真正的过错在于社会,选项A正确。

2.单选题

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates（灵长目动物）some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign（宜人的）globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years—duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged（）.

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate（）.

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution（）.

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat（）.

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat（）.

问题1选项

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

问题2选项

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

问题3选项

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hadhadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

问题4选项

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth’senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

问题5选项

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第—段指出:Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease(在迫使自己周边的很多动物几乎绝灭后，人类被迫放弃旧的生活方式而选择导致大范围饥荒和疾病的全新生存策略),因此选A:放弃自己向前的生活方式。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears(研究者己开始去拼凑一副有启示性的图片，展示了强大的地质和天文力量，这些力量共同改变了地球的环境，从热到冷，从湿到干，再到几亿年前的某个时期)。由此可知D“已经历阶段性的变化”正确。

3.细节事实题。第三段指出:Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit(一些科学家认为，人类的历史确实不仅受全球气候变化的影响，且在某些情况下还受到它的推动),由此可知C项“很大程度上受气候变化的影响”正确。

4.细节事实题。最后一段指出:Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity(事实上，过去气候变化的形式显示，甚至在没有人类活动影响的情况下，地球的气候在未来几乎肯定地会经历急剧变化。”知C项“地球的气候在将来必然会显著地变化”正确。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity(事实上，过去气候变化的形式显示，甚至在没有人类活动影响的情况下，地球的气候在未来几乎肯定地会经历急剧变化),由此可知作者想要传递的信息是:人类在而对气候的巨大变化吋实际上是无助的。

3.单选题

12.

问题1选项

A.Heishavingagoodtime.

B.Heisverymuchlikehisoldbicycle.

C.Hewillbuyanewbicyclerightaway.

D.Hewouldratherbuyanewbicyclelater.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Carl,yourbicycleistooold,it’snotsafetoride.

M:Yeah!IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butallingoodtime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士说：IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butitwillgowithtime（我考虑买新车，但这需要时间）。

4.单选题

Jimisso（）afterinjuringhislegthathehasgreatdifficultyinwalking.

问题1选项

A.lane

B.lamp

C.lamb

D.lame

【答案】D

【解析】考查同形词辨析。A选项lane“小巷”；B选项lamp“灯；照射器”；C选项lamb“羔羊”；D选项lame“瘸的”。句意：吉姆的腿受伤后……，走路都很困难。根据后面的injuringhisleg“腿受伤了”和描述程度hasgreatdifficultyinwalking“走路都很困难”，由此可知他的腿受伤后瘸了。因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Thisproblemshouldbediscussedfirst,forittakes（）overalltheotherissues.

问题1选项

A.precedence

B.prosperity

C.presumption

D.probability

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。takeprecedence优先，具有/获得优先权。句意：应该首先讨论这个问题，因为它优先于所有问题。prosperity繁荣，成功；presumption放肆，傲慢；probalility概率，几率。答案A。

6.单选题

Likemostfathersandsons,wefought；itwasacoldwarlastingfromthe（）ofmyadolescenceuntilIwentofftocollegein1973.

问题1选项

A.setback

B.onset

C.drawback

D.offset

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。setback“挫折，退步”；onset“着手，开始；攻击，进攻”；drawback“缺点，不利条件”；offset“抵消，补偿”。句意：如同大部分父子，我们争吵；有一次冷战是从我的年少时期一直持续到1973年我上大学。选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

Everybodyknowsthattheearthisspherical,______?

问题1选项

A.doesn’the

B.doesn’tshe

C.don’tthey

D.doesn’tit

【答案】C

【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：每个人都知道地球是球形的，不是吗？当陈述句的主语是everybody时，反义疑问句的主语用they。因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

Wecan’thopetocompetewithotherbigcompanies（

）wehaveinferiorequipmentinourinstallationlinesandtrainingofourworkforce.

问题1选项

A.nevertheless

B.unless

C.if

D.oncondition

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词词义和词组辨析。nevertheless然而；不过；unless除非，如果不；if如果；即使；oncondition只要。根据前后句意推断C项符合题意，答案C。句意：如果我们在安装线上的设备和职工培训方面是较差的，那么我们就不能指望去与其他大公司竞争。

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

北京奥运会弘扬了团结、友谊、和平的奥林匹克精神，成为世界各国人民共同见证的文化交流的盛会。北京奥运会的成功，是中国人民和世界各国人民共同努力的结果。荣誉属于国际奥林匹克大家庭，属于在比赛场上奋勇争先的运动员，属于来自世界各地的自愿者。北京奥运会的举办，将更加有力地促进中国体育事业向前发展，将更加广泛地促进中国同国际奥林匹克大家庭的交流合作，将更加深入地促进中国人民同世界各国人民的相互了解和友谊。

【答案】TheBeijingOlympicGameshaspromotedtheOlympicspiritofsolidarity,friendshipandpeace.Ithasbecomeagrandevenofculturalexchangeswitnessedbypeopleofthewholeworld.ThesuccessoftheBeijingOlympicGamesisattributabletotheconcertedeffortsoftheChinesepeopleandpeoplefromtherestoftheworld.TheglorygoestotheOlympicFamily,toathleteswhohavecompetedhard,tovolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.ThehostingoftheBeijingOlympicGameswillgiveaboosttothefurtherdevelopmentofsportsinChina,promotemoreextensiveexchangesandcooperationbetweenChinaandtheInternationalOlympicFamilyandfurtherenhancethemutualunderstandingandfriendshipbetweentheChinesepeopleandpeopleofallothercountries.

10.单选题

OnOctober11th,1994,JohnForbesNash,Jr.wontheNobelPrizeforpioneeringworkingametheory.

NashbeganhisPh.D.atPrincetonin1948whenhewasjust20.Whilehewasstillonly21,liewrotea27doctoraldissertationongametheory(博弈论)——themathematicsofcompetition.ThegreatJohnvonNeuman,thenatPrinceton,hadtreatedwin-losecompetitions.NowNashshowedhowtoconstructmathematicalsituationsinwhichbothsideswon.Hefoundstablesituationswherenopersoncontinuestoprofitfromcompetition.

Nashintroducedsomethingtotallynew.Andhedrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.Theyturnedgametheoryintoatool.Thisyounggeniushadsucceeded.

HewentontoMITandforeightyearsgreatlyimpressedthemathematicalworld.Heworkedineconomics.HeeveninventedthegameofHex,marketedbyparkerBrothers.Hemarriedin1957.NewYorkTimeswriterSilviaNasartellshowFortuneMagazinesingledhimoutinJuly1958asAmerica'sbrilliantyoungstarofthe“newmathematics”.Everythingwasgoingsmoothly.

Then,disaster!Mentalillnessovertookhim.He’donceastonishedmathematicianswithhisunlikelyresults.Nowhisresultsstoppedmakingsense,andthedividinglinewasn’tclearatfirst.Hebeganlookingforsecretmessagesinnumbers.

Psychologistsofthe1950sclaimedthathiswife’spregnancyhadtippedhimovertheedge.Nicethingtolayonawomanalreadystressedtotheedgebyherhusband’scollapse!Themarriageended,butshehousedhim,backinPrinceton.

For25years,mentalillnesscontrolledJohnNash.Itwasinthemid-1980sthatNashatlastlearnedtomanagehisillnessand,onceagain,hecoulddomathematics.Meanwhile,gametheoryhadbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.AllthewritinginthatfieldpointsbacktoNash'sseminalwork.Finally,NashreceivedtheNobelPrizeineconomics.

1.NashwontheNobelPrize（

）.

2.Theword“They”(Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.WhydoyouthinkNashmadehisachievementinthefieldofmathematicsbutwashonoredwiththeNobelPrizeforeconomicsinstead?

5.Thepurposeofthisarticlemightbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.forpioneeringworkinestablishingatheory

B.forcombiningmathematicswitheconomics

C.forgreatlyimpressingthemathematicalworldfor8years

D.forhismerit

问题2选项

A.theoreticaleconomists

B.Nashandhiscolleagues

C.Nashandotherscientists

D.competitors

问题3选项

A.Nash’swifedivorcedhim,butgavehimahouseasagift.

B.Nash’swifeagreedthatherpregnancycontributedtoNash’smentalcollapse.

C.Theauthorthinksit’srighttoblameNash’swifeforhismentalcollapse.

D.Theauthorthinksit’sunfairtoblameNash’swifeforhismentalcollapse.

问题4选项

A.Becausehisgametheorydrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.

B.Becausehisgametheoryhasbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.

C.Becauseheturnedhisgametheoryintoatool.

D.BecauseNashwasaneconomist.

问题5选项

A.totellastoryofamathematicsgenius

B.todepictamathematicsgenius

C.totellthereadersaboutJohnForbesNash.Jr.

D.totellhowNashconqueredhismentalillness

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段的内容“JohnForbesNash,Jr.因博弈论的开创性工作获得诺贝尔奖。”选项A符合原文。

第2题:语义题。根据第三段的内容“Nashintroducedsomethingtotallynew.Andhedrewtheattentionoftheoreticaleconomists.Theyturnedgametheoryintoatool.”Nash介绍了一些全新的东西。他引起了理论经济学家的注意。他们把博弈论变成了一种工具。由此可知，这里的“they”指的是上句中的“theoreticaleconomists”。所以选项A正确。

第3题:判断推理题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Themarriageended,butshehousedhim,backinPrinceton.”离婚后，他的妻子把他安置在普林斯顿。而不是送了一套房子给他，所以选项A错误；根据倒数第二段第一句“Psychologistsofthe1950sclaimedthathiswife’spregnancyhadtippedhimovertheedge.”20世纪50年代的心理学家们声称，他妻子的怀孕让他陷入了崩溃的边缘。但原文并没有说这是导致他精神崩溃的原因，所以选项B错误；再根据倒数第二段第二句“Nicethingtolayonawomanalreadystressedtotheedgebyherhusband’scollapse!”虽然英文表达为感叹句，但其实这里应该翻译为：将责任归因于一位因精神崩溃的丈夫而背负巨大压力的女性真的好吗？潜在意思是说，这是不公平的，所以选项C错误，选项D正确。

第4题:细节事实题。根据最后一段最后几句“Meanwhile,gametheoryhadbecomeastapletoolofbusinessandeconomics.AllthewritinginthatfieldpointsbacktoNash'sseminalwork.Finally,NashreceivedtheNobelPrizeineconomics.”与此同时，博弈论已经成为商业和经济学的主要工具。相关领域的所有文章都基于Nash具有重大意义的研究成果。最后，Nash获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。由此可知，是因为Nash的博弈论已经成为商业和经济学的主要工具，所以他获得的是诺贝尔经济奖。选项B正确。

第5题:主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是Nash的一生。他虽然精通数学领域，但他获得的却是诺贝尔经济奖。所以选项A和B错误；选项D“讲述Nash是如何战胜精神疾病的”只是他人生的一部分，所以选项D错误；选项C为正确答案。

11.单选题

Americanwomenwere______therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle.

问题1选项

A.ignored

B.neglected

C.refused

D.denied

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ignored忽视，对……不予理会B.neglected忽略，忽视

C.refused拒绝，回绝D.denied否认，否定，拒绝承认

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息Americanwomen（美国女性）和therighttovote（投票权），结合历史常识可知，美国女性是被拒绝给予投票权的，并且denysb.sth.是固定用法，所以该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】

A、B项不与right搭配；

C项多指拒绝邀请或者请求等。

【句意】在艰苦斗争了数年之后，美国女性于1920年得到了一直被剥夺的投票权。

12.单选题

Theteachersofthecollegearemakinggreateffortsto（

）intheirstudentsthehabitofspeakingEnglish.

问题1选项

A.cultivate

B.accomplish

C.assist

D.require

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。cultivate“培养，陶冶”；accomplish“完成，实现”；assist“帮助”；require“需要，要求”。句意：这所大学的老师花很多努力培养学生说外语的习惯。A项符合题意，答案A

13.翻译题

Afurthercomplication(并发症)isthetendencyofthepilot’sbloodtoleavehisheadbecauseofinertia(惯性),leavinghimimpairedvisionandperhapsunconscious.

【答案】

更严重的并发症可能是飞行员由于惯性而头部缺血，这使他视力受损，甚至失去知觉。

14.单选题

SomeinfluentialfriendshelpedJohntogetagoodjob.

问题1选项

A.capable

B.effective

C.powerful

D.efficient

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项capable“有能力的，有才干的（侧重做某项具体行为的能力）”；B选项effective“有效的，起作用的”；C选项powerful“有权势的，有影响力的”；D选项efficient“有效率的，有能力的（一般是在某项工作或任务上）”。句意：一些有影响力的朋友帮助约翰找到了一份好工作。在本句中，原划线词的意思是“有影响力的”，因此他们应该是很有话语权的/影响力，因此C选项符合题意。

15.单选题

Moviedirectorsusemusicto（

）theactiononthescreen.

问题1选项

A.contaminate

B.compliment

C.contemplate

D.complement

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。contaminate“污染”；compliment“恭维”；contemplate“沉思，注视”；complement“补充”。句意：电影导演用音乐来补充荧幕上的动作。选项D符合题意。

16.单选题

Thelocalbusinesswasnotmuch___bythesuddenoutbreakoftheepidemic.

问题1选项

A.intervened

B.insulated

C.hampered

D.pampered

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项intervened“介入（intervene的过去式和过去分词）”；B选项insulated“有隔热（或隔音、绝缘）保护的”；C选项hampered“受阻碍的”；D选项pampered“饮食过量的；饮食奢侈的”。句意：这种流行病的突然爆发并没有给当地的商业带来多大的___。本句表达“当地的商业并没有受阻碍”，因此C选项正确。

17.单选题

Costumejewelryisverypopularbecause____allowsforagreatvarietyofstyles.

问题1选项

A.ofitslowprice

B.itslowprice

C.thepriceislow

D.thepriceisbeinglow

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ofitslowprice价格便宜B.itslowprice它低廉的价格

C.thepriceislow价格便宜D.thepriceisbeinglow价格便宜

【答案】B

【考查点】主谓搭配

【解题思路】根据选项推测，原句语义为“用于装饰的珠宝很受欢迎，因为（because）它的价格便宜，可以有各种各样的款式（allowsforagreatvarietyofstyles）”。根据原文，空格之前为引导原因状语从句的关系词because，空格之后为从句的谓语动词allowsfor，所以，空格处所填的内容应为从句的主语，四个选项中只有B选项itslowprice“它低廉的价格”可以充当主语，符合要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项ofitslowprice，不能充当主语不符合要求，虽然becauseofitslowprice可以做主句Costumejewelryisverypopular的原因状语，但是与后文的动宾结构allowsforagreatvarietyofstyles不搭；

C选项thepriceislow，是一个完整的句子，可以直接跟because做原因状语从句，但是与后文的动宾短语搭配不当；如果做主语从句的话，缺少从句引导词；

D选项thepriceisbeinglow，时态和搭配都不符合原句。

【句意】用于装饰的珠宝很受欢迎，因为它的价格低廉，可以有各种各样的款式。

18.单选题

（）nativetoNorthAmerica,cornhasnowspreadallovertheworld.

问题1选项

A.Inspiteof

B.Thatitis

C.Itwas

D.Although

【答案】D

【解析】考查让步状语从句。A选项Inspiteof“尽管”，后应接名词；B选项Thatitis“那是”；C选项Itwas“这是”；D选项Although“尽管”。句意：虽然玉米原产于北美，但现在已遍布世界各地。如果状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，就可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词，从而使句子更加简洁明了。在这句话中，从句中的主语也是corn，因此其主语corn和is可以省略。因此D选项正确。

19.单选题

AdamSmith,writinginthe1770s,wasthefirstpersontoseetheimportanceofthedivisionoflaborandtoexplainpartofitsadvantages.HegivesasanexampletheprocessbywhichpinsweremadeinEngland.

“Onemandrawsoutthewire;anotherstrengthensit;athirdcutsit;afourthpointsit;afifthgrindsitatthetoptoprepareittoreceivethehead.Tomaketheheadrequirestwoorthreeoperations.Toputitonisaseparateoperation,topolishthepinsisanother.Andtheimportantbusinessofmakingpinsis,inthismanner,dividedintoabouteighteenoperations,whichinsomefactoriesareallperformedbydifferentpeople,thoughinothersthesamemanwillsometimesperformtwoorthreeofthem.”

Tenmen,Smithsaid,inthisway,turnedouttwelvepoundsofpinsadayorabout4,800pinsperworker.Butifallofthemhadworkedseparatelyandindependentlywithoutdivisionoflabor,noneofthemcouldhavemadetwentypinsinadayandperhapsnotevenone.

Therecanbenodoubtthatdivisionoflaborisanefficientwayoforganizingwork.Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopmentandthatitaccountsforthedifferencebetweenexpandingeconomiesandthosethatstandstill.Butdivisionoflaboraddsnothingnew;itonlyenablespeopletoproducemoreofwhattheyalreadyhave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,AdamSmithwasthefirstpersonto（）.

2.AdamSmithsawthatthedivisionoflabor（）.

3.AdamSmithmentionedthenumber4,800inorderto（）.

4.Accordingtothewriter,AdamSmith’smistakewasinbelievingthatdivisionoflabor（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcouldserveasanappropriatetitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.takeadvantageofthedivisionoflabor

B.introducethedivisionoflaborintoEngland

C.understandtheeffectsofthedivisionoflabor

D.explainthecausesofthedivisionoflabor

问题2选项

A.enabledeachworkertomakepinsmorequicklyandmorecheaply

B.increasedthepossibleoutputperworker

C.increasedthenumberofpeopleemployedinfactories

D.improvedthequalityofpinsproduced

问题3选项

A.showtheadvantagesofthedivisionoflabor

B.showtheadvantagesoftheoldcraftsystem

C.emphasizehowpowerfultheindividualworkerwas

D.emphasizetheimportanceofincreasedproduction

问题4选项

A.wasanefficientwayoforganizingwork

B.wasanimportantdevelopmentinmethodsofproduction

C.certainlyledtoeconomicdevelopment

D.increasedtheproductionofexistinggoods

问题5选项

A.AdamSmith,theEnglishEconomist

B.TheTheoryofDivisionofLabor

C.DivisionofLabor,anEfficientWayofOrganizingWork

D.AdamSmith,theLastDiscovererofDivisionofLabor

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句可知，AdamSmith是第一个认识到劳动分工的重要性并解释其部分优势的人。选项C符合原文。

2.细节推断题。根据最后一段第二句“Fewerpeoplecanmakemorepins.”可知，劳动分工增加了每个工人尽可能多的产量，所以选项B正确。

3.细节推断题。根据第三段的内容可知，如果没有进行分工，没有工人能在一天内完成二十枚别针，甚至连一枚都做不成，而通过分工合作，相当于每个工人生产4800枚别针，作者是想通过这一数字来说明分工的优势。选项A正确。

4.细节推断题。最后一段第三句“AdamSmithsawthisbuthealsotookitforgrantedthatdivisionoflaborisinitselfresponsibleforeconomicgrowthanddevelopment...”但他也理所当然地认为，劳动分工本质上对经济增长和发展负责。选项C符合原文。

5.主旨题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是劳动分工，重点不是在于AdamSmith也不是讲述理论，所以选项C最能概括全文。

20.单选题

More____thannot,Dadisthelastonetospeak.

问题1选项

A.always

B.often

C.frequent

D.so

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.always总是B.often经常

C.frequent频繁的D.so这样

【考查点】固定搭配

【解题思路】根据前后有More____thannot推断，本题考查的是固定搭配moreoftenthannot“通常；往往”，因此，B选项often“经常”符合搭配要求。另外asoftenasnot也表示“通常；往往”。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原文搭配。

【句意】父亲通常是最后一个讲话的。

21.单选题

They____themselves____thepoliticianbecausetheyhopedhewouldbecomepresidentoneday.Atlasthedid.

问题1选项

A.connected…with

B.combined…with

C.linked…with

D.attached…to

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.connected…with与某人有联系B.combined…with使结合；兼有

C.linked…with把……连接起来；有联系D.attached…to（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接与短语辨析

【解题思路】空格部分语义为“____他们自己____政治家”，后文提到“因为希望他有一天能成为总统。最后他做到了。”由此推断，他们应该是跟随有可能成为总统的政治家，D选项attached…to“（~yourselftosb）和某人在一起，依附于某人”符合要求；另外，原文的形式____themselves____thepolitician也与D选项的常用形式相符合。因此，本题最佳选项为D。

【干扰项排除】

A选项connected…with“与某人有联系”，语义和形式没有D选项恰当；

B选项combined…with“使结合；兼有”，不符合原句语义衔接；

C选项linked…with“把……连接起来；有联系”，语义和形式没有D选项恰当。

【句意】他们依附于那位政治家，因为他们希望他有一天能成为总统。最后他做到了。

22.单选题

Creativelyexcitingandcommerciallyattractive…You’vegotamovieherethatwill_______kidsandadultsalike.

问题1选项

A.appealto

B.resortto

C.switchto

D.referto

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.appealto对……有吸引力B.resortto依靠，求助于

C.switchto切换到，转变成D.referto指的是

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】横线处和kidsandadults构成动宾搭配关系，结合前面的关键词Creativelyexcitingandcommerciallyattractive，可知这部电影非常精彩，孩子和成年人都会喜欢，appealto符合语境，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项不符合语境。

【句意】在创意上令人兴奋，在商业上具有吸引力……这是一部既能吸引孩子也能吸引成年人的电影。

23.单选题

ThegeologyoftheEarth’ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplacesduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater（）.

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto（）.

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

问题2选项

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

问题3选项

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinent