考研考博-英语-南华大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南华大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Wemustimprovethefarmingmethod______wemaygethighyields.

问题1选项

A.therefore

B.as.

C.inorderthat

D.if

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项therefore“所以”，副词，修饰动词，后面不接句子；B选项as“因为”，连词，后面加句子；C选项inorderthat“为了；以便”，后面加从句；D选项if“如果”，连词，后面加句子。句意：______获得高产量，我们必须改进耕作方法。根据语境，这里提高产量是目的，C选项inorderthat“为了；以便”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassivemiscalculation.ThePresidenttookadrubbingfrommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhiteHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfuriousoverthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked‘thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations,thegesturewaswidelyportrayedasaflip-flop.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasury,SecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Spelling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet，’’accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott(R-Miss)declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorJesseA.Helms(R-NC)andErnestF.Hollings(D-S.C)promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:GetmoreprotectionfortheUS.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.

BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey'veheardsofarisn'tencouragingRepublicans,includingLott,saythat"thetimejustisn’tright”forthedeal.Translation:We'redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica'senemies.Beijing'sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won'thelp,either.

JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon'tbeeasy.AndRepublicans-withawink-saythatthey'lleventuallyembraceChina'sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmenity.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhiteHouse:Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

3.Whatdoesthesentence"Alsoleftinthelurch:WallStreet,Hollywood,Detroit"convey?

4.WhoplaystheleadingpartinthedealinAmerica?

5.WhatwastheattitudeoftheRepublicanPartytowardChina'sentryintotheWTO?

A.ContradictoryB.AppreciativeC.Disapproving.D.Detestful.

问题1选项

A.TheContradictionbetweentheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty

B.OnChina’sentryintoWTO

C.Clintonwasright

D.BusinessLobbyistsControlCapitolHill

问题2选项

A.Americawillmakeconcessions

B.AmericawillholdoutforabetterWTO

C.ClintonhastherighttosignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentry

D.DemocraticpartyapproveChina’sentryintotheWTO

问题3选项

A.PremierZhurejectedtheirrequirements.

B.Thethreeplacesoverdidcriticism.

C.Theywantedmoreprotection.

D.Theyareintrouble.

问题4选项

A.WhiteHouse

B.Republicans

C.TheDemocraticParty

D.Businessmen.

问题5选项

A.Contradictory

B.Appreciative

C.Disapproving.

D.Detestful.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章的主旨句为:ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal(克林顿故意拖延以谋取更多的利益的决定是正确的)。

2.推断题。题干问的是从文章中推断出什么。选项C:克林顿有签署批准中国入世之权。D：民主党赞成中国加入世贸，这两项都是事实,因此排除。选项B:美国会故意拖延以求取得更好的条件。根据文章推断这可能性小。推断选项A(美国将会作出让步)正确。

3.推断题。根据题干定位至第五段，题干句子后一句:ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon"cultural"restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing(朱镕基拒绝开放利润丰厚的中国证券市场，坚持对美国电影和音乐实行“文化”限制。他还阻止了美国汽车制造商提供车队融资)。因此A项(朱总理拒绝了他们的要求)正确。

4.细节题。通过文章内容推断商界在美国的交易中起主导作用。

5.态度方向。共和党一开始是反对的。第六段说时间不对。最后一段共和党一下子有所改变，他们最终将会接受中国加入世贸组织以表示对整体美国的好感。不管是商人院外活动集团的作用，还是明确指出重开谈判的重要性。这一历史事件太重要绝不能因党争而失去机会。共和党纵然心中不愿，也不得不接受现实。心情是矛盾的。由此得出选择A:矛盾。

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

有些人把读书当作疲劳工作中的一种休息，并不是读一本书就预先想定读它要派何种用场，即“不为什么而读”。但日积月累，确实可以长知识、广见闻、有效益。

经过长期积累目前中国己成为全球第二大经济体和全球第一贸易大囯、全球第一外汇储备国，具备了对外输出资本的实力。

【答案】Somepeopleregardreadingasakindofrestduringtiringwork，andtheyhavenoideaofpracticaluseforthebookstheyaretoread,i.e.they“readfornopurpose”atall.Butgraduallyonecanbenefitfromreading,expandingtheirknowledge.

Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomy,thefirsttradingpoweraswellasthe

firstforeignexchangereservesintheworldandhadthestrengthofoutputtingcapitalexternalafteralongterm’saccumulation.

4.单选题

1.

问题1选项

A.About12pints.

B.About3pints.

C.About4pints.

D.About7pints.

【答案】A

【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.

M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.

Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?

【解析】细节题。男士说：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脱啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脱啤酒。

5.单选题

Lightingcanbeusednotonlytocreateanatmosphere,butalsoto（

）featuresofthehouse,suchasornamentsorpictures.

问题1选项

A.highlight

B.underline

C.activate

D.upgrade

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。highlight“突出，强调”；underline“强调，在…下面划线”；activate“刺激，使活动”；upgrade“使升级，提升”。句意：灯光的使用不仅能营造一种氛围，还能突显出房屋的风格，如装饰或图画。A项符合句意，答案A

6.单选题

Anewservice___totheneedsofdisabledpeoplewhowanttogoonlivingintheirownhomes.

问题1选项

A.comes

B.dedicates

C.caters

D.contributes

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项comes“来；开始；出现；发生；变成；到达；做；假装；将满（……岁）”；B选项dedicates“致力；献身；题献”；C选项caters“投合，迎合；满足需要；提供饮食及服务”；D选项contributes“贡献，出力；投稿；捐献；有助于，促成，是……的原因之一；发表意见，提议”。句意：一项新的服务满足了希望继续住在自己家里的残疾人的需要。根据下文“残疾人的需要”可知本句表达“满足了……需要”，因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Thelawyerpromisedtogotogreattodefendhim.

问题1选项

A.lengths

B.measures

C.efforts

D.endeavors

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项lengthsn.长度（指距离，时间）；B选项measuresn.方法，对策；C选项effortsn.努力；D选项endeavorn.努力，尽力。gotogreatlengths表示“竭尽全力；不遗余力”，因此，正确答案是A项。句意：律师向他保证会竭尽全力为他辩护。

8.单选题

Theenergeticultravioletradiationis______tolifesinceittendstobreakupthecomplicatedmoleculesonwhichlifedepends.

问题1选项

A.indissoluble

B.indolent

C.indiscreet

D.inimical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项indissoluble“不能分解的，不能溶解的”，B项indolent“懒惰的，无痛的”，C项indiscreet“轻率的，不慎重的”，D项inimical“敌意的，有害的”。由原因状语sinceittendstobreakupthecomplicatedmoleculesonwhichlifedepends“因为它倾向于分解生命所依赖的复杂分子”可知，“有害的”符合语境。句意：高能的紫外线辐射对生命是有害的，因为它往往会破坏生命所依赖的复杂分子。因此，该题选择D项正确。

9.单选题

Manyartistsbelievethatsuccessfulimitation,farfrombeingsymptomaticofalackof（

）,isthefirststepinlearningtobecreative.

问题1选项

A.elegance

B.resolution

C.sympathy

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项elegance“典雅；高雅”；B选项resolution“分辨率；解决；决心”；C选项sympathy“同情；赞同”；D选项originality“创意；独创性；原始”。句意：许多艺术家认为，成功的模仿远不是缺乏······的表现，而是学会创造的第一步。句中出现的“模仿”、“学会创造”表明，此处应表示“模仿成功不是缺乏创造力的表现”。D选项正确。

10.翻译题

这部长达103分钟的纪录片《穹顶之下》于2月28日登上中国各大视频网站，它是由前央视记者柴静自费拍摄制作。影片一经发布就迅速引起公众对于空气污染的关注，也鼓励了人们要有所行动。新任环保部长陈吉宁表示，他已经联系了柴静并表达了感谢。在3月1日的新闻发布会上，他表示，保护环境从来不是环保部门的“个人行为”，欢迎人人贡献出自己的一份力。与此同时，一些专家也提醒观众，在被视频感动的同时，也要注意到片子也有其不足之处。

【答案】UndertheDome,a103-minutedocumentaryself-fundedbyformernewsanchorChaiJing,wasreleasedonvideo-sharingwebsitesinChinaonFeb28.Ithasrapidlypushedthepublicawarenessaboutairpollutionandencouragedpeopletojoinineffortstomakeadifference.ChenJining,newlyappointedministerofenvironmentalprotection,saidhehadcontactedChaitoexpresshisappreciation.“Protectingtheenvironmentisnevera‘personalaffair’ofenvironmentalauthorities.Wewelcomeeverybody’scontribution,”ChentoldthepressonMarch1st.Meanwhile,expertsremindmovedviewersofthefilm’slimitations.

11.翻译题

美国人崇尚公平，即平等待人，不偏不倚。他们相信机会均等，法律面前人人平等，也就是说，不管社会地位和经济状况如何，人人都能得到公正。然而，尽管多数美国人声称，他们信奉宽大为怀以及民主的理想，妇女和少数民族的维权行动仍然面临巨大的障碍，虽然在过去的五十年里取得了一些进步。

【答案】答：

TheAmericansadmirefair,thatis,equalityandimpartiality.Theybelievedinequalopportunityandequalitybeforethelaw.Thatmeans,regardlessofsocialstatusoreconomicconditions,everyoneshallbefairlytreated.YetdespitetheidealsofleniencyanddemocracythatmostAmericansprofesstoembrace,thewomenandminoritiesstillfacehugeobstaclesintheiractivitiesforprotectingtheirrights.Butsomeprogresshasbeenmadeinthepast50years.

12.单选题

Peopleunderstresshaveperformed（

）featsofstrengthlikeliftinganautomobileoffanaccidentvictim.

问题1选项

A.specific

B.extraordinary

C.abrupt

D.abnormal

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。extraordinary“不平常的；非凡的”;specific“特有的，特种的”；abrupt“突然的，意外的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的”。句意：人们在有压力的情况下表现出非凡的力量，比如把一辆汽车从交通事故的受害者身上搬开。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

）?

问题1选项

A.didn'tit

B.doesn'tthere

C.usedn'tit?

D.didn'tthere

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在这个停车场附近曾经有一个加油站，不是吗?

语法题。考查反义疑问。thereusedtobe句式的反义錠问句一般为“didn’tthere或usedn’tthere”。

14.单选题

Catherine

won'tmindifyou（）her

workload—sheneedstheextramoney.

问题1选项

A.amountto

B.addto

C.putup

D.goon

【答案】B

【解析】amountto指等于,意味着；addto指增大；putup指呈现；goon指继续。句意：Catherine不会介意你加大她的工作量,她急需用钱。选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Usingmanysymbolsmakes______toputalargeamountofinformationonasinglemap.

问题1选项

A.possible

B.itispossible

C.itpossible

D.thatpossible

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：使用多种多样的符号可以在一张地图里放进大量的信息。根据固定搭配makesth.+adj.(forsb.)todosth.“做某事（对某人来说）是怎么样的”，结合选项可知这里it是形式宾语，所以C选项itpossible符合题意。因此C选项正确。

16.翻译题

人类建立秩序是出于必须和渴望战胜环境的挑战，这样一种有秩序的状态就称作“国家”，而“法律”就是维持国家存在的规则，时间伴随着这些由法律和秩序建立起来的安宁和平静，在时间的流逝中，经过了数世纪的进化，人类终于进入了探索他自己所在的星系的时刻，只有人类在所有的生物中的进化能被视为进步。当社会发生变革时，每个人在其所生活的大群体中的价值和权力都会增加，个人价值在人类群体从部落渐渐变成文明社会时并未减少，它反而成了统治所有人的法令的指导。

【答案】Orderwascausedbytheneedanddesiretosurvivethechallengeoftheenvironment.Thisorderlyconditioncalledthe"state",andtherolesthatmaintainedit,file"law".Withtimethepartnertothistranquility,manmarchedacrossthecenturiesofhisevolutiontothebrinkofexploringtheboundariesofhisowngalaxy.Ofalllivingorganisms,onlymanhasthecapacitytointerprethisownevolutionasprogress.Associallifechanged,theworthandrightsofeachmemberinthelargergroup,ofwhichhewasapart,increased.Asthegroupsgrewfromclanstocivilizations,thevalueoftheindividualdidnotdiminish,butbecameinsteadaguidetotherulesthatgovernallmen.

17.单选题

Butlikemany,TurnerisgrowingalittletiredasFlorida'sbusyhurricaneseasoncontinuesto_______nervesandextendhardships.

问题1选项

A.sprain

B.fray

C.distort

D.scuffle

【答案】B

【解析】sprain扭伤；fray（使关系、神经等）紧张；distort扭曲，曲解；scuffle混战。句意：和许多人一样，特纳也越来越累了，因为佛罗里达多飓风的季节不断地使人们神经紧张，造成更多的苦难。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

Sonyissaid________toApplerightnowaboutsupplyingmultiple-sensorcamerasfornewiPhones.

问题1选项

A.havetalked

B.havingbeentalking

C.totalk

D.tobetalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说索尼正在和苹果公司商谈向新的苹果设备提供复式传感器相机。besaid的固定搭配是后面接不定式，所以排除A，B选项；从关键词rightnow可知谈话正在进行，或者即将发生，所以需要用不定式的进行式，所以答案选D。

19.翻译题

Afurthercomplication(并发症)isthetendencyofthepilot’sbloodtoleavehisheadbecauseofinertia(惯性),leavinghimimpairedvisionandperhapsunconscious.

【答案】

更严重的并发症可能是飞行员由于惯性而头部缺血，这使他视力受损，甚至失去知觉。

20.单选题

Koizumi'sannualvisitstothenotoriousshrinehavesparkeda_______ofcondemnationandprotestsfromChinaandtheROKbecausetheshrinehonours14Class-Awarcriminals.

问题1选项

A.splash

B.flurry

C.particle

D.stain

【答案】B

【解析】splash污点;flurry骚动,慌张,aflurryof—阵……；particle颗粒;stain污点,瑕疵。句意：小泉每年都要参拜臭名昭著的神社，引发了中韩人民的谴责和抗议，因为神社供奉着14名甲级战犯。选项B符合句意。

21.单选题

Theword“foolish”istoomildtodescribeyourbehavior,Iwouldprefertheword“（

）".

问题1选项

A.ideological

B.idyllic

C.idiotic

D.idiomatic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ideological“思想的；意识形态的”；idyllic“安恬的；田园诗般的”；idiotic“白痴的；愚蠢的”；idiomatic“惯用的；符合语言习惯的”。句意：“愚蠢”这个词用来描述你的行为太温和了，我更喜欢用“白痴的”这个单词。选项C符合题意。

22.单选题

Thereisnodoubt______thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.

问题1选项

A.why

B.that

C.whether

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位语从句。doubt后面的that为同位语从句的引导词，修饰doubt。doubt引导的主从复合句中，用否定式时后面的引导词只能是that。相反如果doubt引导肯定意义的主从复合句中，引导词要用whether。句意：毫无疑问，公司对销售项目的决定是正确的。

23.单选题

Actorsonstagebringcharacterstofulllife,whowould______havelaininert/powerlessontheprintedpage.

问题1选项

A.thereof

B.nevertheless

C.furthermore

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。A项thereof“它的，由此，在其中”，B项nevertheless“然而，不过，虽然如此”，C项furthermore“此外，而且”，D项otherwise“否则，另外，在其他方面”。由bringcharacterstofulllife“把角色赋予生命”和havelaininert/powerlessontheprintedpage“静静地呆在书面上”可知，前后意义相对，故otherwise符合语境。句意：舞台上的演员使人物栩栩如生，否则这些人物就会毫无生气地躺在纸上。因此，该题选择D项正确。

24.单选题

How

difficultitis（）themodern

worldwithoutoil.

问题1选项

A.Imagining

B.imagined

C.toimagine

D.haveimagined

【答案】C

【解析】句意：很难想象现代世界没了石油会怎么样。it做形式主语,不定式内容为实际主语。

25.单选题

Eatingmorenutritiousfoodthanisneededdoesn'tmakeitfunctionbetter（）overfillingthetankmakesacarmovefaster.

问题1选项

A.notmorethan

B.lessthan

C.nomorethan

D.anymorethan

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。notmorethan不超过，至多，不比…更…；nomorethan只是，仅仅，同样不；lessthan比…少；anymorethan至多，仅仅。句意：吃过多超出身体需要的营养品并不会使身体更好，就如同给油箱加过多的油来使其快速前进一样。C项符合题意。

26.单选题

______,manyoperationsonceperformedbyhandhavecometobeperformedbymachine.

问题1选项

A.Newtechnologyisintroducedfor

B.Introducingnewtechnologyand

C.Withtheintroductionofnewtechnology

D.Theintroductionofnewtechnology

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子结构。后半句句子结构完整，所以前半句应该是做修饰的成分或者并列句。A选项做句子for后面缺少成分；B项and应该连接两个完整的句子，但是前面句子成分不全；C项with的复合结构，做伴随状语，符合题意；D项逗号前后构不成逻辑关系。句意：随着新技术的引进，许多曾经由手工完成的操作现在都由机器来完成。故正确答案为C。

27.单选题

Heisverykindandhasputhiscarentirelyatour______fortheholiday.

问题1选项

A.usage

B.disposal

C.pleasure

D.position

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项usage“使用，利用，利用率”；B选项atone’sdisposal“由某人支配，由某人做主”；C选项atone’spleasure“随心所欲”；D选项position“位置，地方”。句意：他非常热心，在假期把他的汽车______。根据语境，这里指的是把车借给我们用，B选项atone’sdisposal“由某人支配”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

28.单选题

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

问题1选项

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娱乐”；symposium“讨论会；座谈会”；penalty“惩罚，处罚”。句意：在过去的十五年来，跑步已经成为了一种流行的消遣方式，不同年龄段共三千万人的参与。选项B符合题意。

29.问答题

Theseyoungadultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylargefamiliesthatwent

A

formorethantwodecadesandcausedamajorbuttemporaryreversaloflong-termdemographic

B

patterns.Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahigherrateandata

C

youngeragethantheirEuropeancounterparts.

D

【答案】试题答案：A;wenton

【解析】考查固定搭配。goon意为“持续”，此处为过去式。

30.单选题

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill（

）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。conform意为“遵守，遵从，服从”；confirm意为“确认，批准”；confine意为“限制”；confront意为“面对”。

句意：在任何一个文化环境中的绝大多数人都会遵守那种文化的既定标准。

31.单选题

MyprofessorbrotherandIhaveanargumentaboutheadandheart,aboutwhetherheovervaluesIQwhileIleanmoretowardEQ.Wetypicallyhavethisdebateaboutpeople—canyoubefriendswithareallysmartjerk（怪物）?—butthere'scorollary（推论）toanimalsaswell.I’dloveitifourdogcouldfetchthemorningpaperandthenreadittomeovercoffee,butIactuallycaremuchmoreaboutherloyalandinnocentheart.There’salreadyenoughthinkinggoingoninourhouse,andweprobablyspendtoomuchtimeinourheads.Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.

Ididnotgrowupwithdogs,whichmeantthatmyolderdaughter'srespectfulbutunyieldingdeterminationtogetonerequiredsomeadjustmentonmypart.Ioftenfeltshewastrainingme:fromagesof6to9,shegentlyschooledmeinvariousbreedsandtheirpersonalities,whisperedtothedogsweencounteredsotheywouldcharmandpersuademe,demonstratedbyherself-disciplinethatshewasreadyfortheresponsibility.AndthuscameourdogTwist,whomIsometimesmistakeforathirddaughter.

AtfirstIthoughtthechallengewouldbetotrainhertosit,toheel,towalkcalmlybesideusandnotgowildlychasingtheneighbourhoodrabbits.ButIsoondiscoveredhowmuchmorewehadtolearnfromherthanshefromus.

Ifitistrue,forexample,thatthesecrettoachild’ssuccessislessraregeniusthanrawpersistence,Twist'sabilitytostayontaskisamodelforusall,especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然摇动）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside.Sheneversucceeds,andshenevergivesup.Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls.

Thenthereisherunfailingpatience,whichbreaksdownonlywhenshesensesthatdinnertimewas15minutesagoandwehavesomehowfailedtonotice.Eventhensheismoreeagerthanindignant（愤愤不平）,andherrefusaltowhineshowsarestraintofwhichI'mnotalwayscapablewhenhungry.

ButthelessonIvaluemostistheoneinforgiveness,andTwistfirstofferedthiswhenshewasstillveryyoung.Whenshewasabout7monthsold,wetookhertothevet（兽医）tobesprayed（切除卵巢）.Weturnedherovertoastranger,whoproceededtoperformaprocedurethatwasprobablynotpleasant,Butwhenthevetreturnedhertous,limpandtender,therewasnorecrimination（反责）,noHowcouldyoudothattome?Itwasasthoughshereallyknewthatwecouldnotintentionallycauseherpain,andwhileshedidnotunderstand,sheforgaveandcurledupwithherheadonmydaughter'slap.

Isupposewecouldhaveconcludedthatshewasjustblindlyloyalanddocile（温顺的）.Buteventuallyweknewbetter.Sheisentirelycapableofdisobedience,asshehasprovedmanytimes.Shewillignoreuswhentherearemoreinterestingthingstolookat,rebukeuswhenwearecareless,barkintothetwilightwhenshehasurgentmessagestosend.Butherpatiencewithourfailingsandfickleness（浮躁）andherwillingnesstogiveusasecondchanceareadailylessoningratitude.

Myfriendswhogrewupwithdogstellmehowwhentheywereteenagersandtrustednooneintheworld,theycouldtelltheirdogalltheirsecrets.Itwastheonefriendwhowouldnotgossiporbetray,couldprovideinthemiddleofthenightthesoft,unbegrudging（不勉强的）comfortandpeacethatadolescenceconspirestodisrupt.Anagethatisallaboutgrowthandriskneedssomeanchorsandweights,amodelofsteadfastnesswhenallelseisinflux（处于不断变化中）.SometimesIthinkTwist'sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash,onethathangsquietlyattheirsideastheytrotalongbutoccasionallyyanks（猛拉）thembacktosafetyandsolidground.

We'veweighedsomanydecisionssocarefullyinraisingourdaughters—whatschooltosendthemtoandwhatchurchtoattend,whentogivethemcellphonesandwithwhatprecautions.Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingareTwist’scharacteristicsEXCEPT

（

）.

3.Accordingtothecontext,themeaningoftheword“square”isclosetto（

）.

4.That“Twist’sdevotionkeepsmygirlsonabenevolentleash”meansthat（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressinthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.apersoncaneitherhaveahighIQoralowEQ

B.herprofessorbrothercarestoomuchaboutIQ

C.weneedexamplesofhowtofollowone'sheart

D.sheprefersdogsthatarecleverandloyal

问题2选项

A.resignation

B.patience

C.forgiveness

D.tenacity

问题3选项

A.fast

B.straight

C.blindly

D.stubbornly

问题4选项

A.Twistiscapableoflookingafterthegirls

B.Twistandthegirlshavebecomefriends

C.Twistknowshowtofollowthegirls

D.Twist'sloyaltyhelpsthegirlsgrowup

问题5选项

A.Difficultiesinraisingherchildren.

B.Worriesaboutwhattobuyforkids.

C.GratitudetoTwistforherrole.

D.Concernsaboutschoolingandreligion.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的Whereweneedsomerolemodelingisininstinct,andthat'swhereadogisarovingrevelation.（我们需要一些角色楷模是本能的，而在这一点上，狗就是一个很好的体现）可知C选项“我们需要如何遵循自己内心的例子”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由第二段中的AndthuscameourdogTwist可知Twist是一只狗，第四至第六段的每段句首分别提到了狗的rawpersistence（坚持，锲而不舍）、unfailingpatience（坚韧不拔的耐心）和forgiveness（宽恕）特征，故排除B（耐心）、C（宽恕）、D（坚韧）选项，因此A选项“顺从”符合题意。

3.词义题。根据题干关键词square定位到文章第四段中的Thisincludeswhensherunssquareintowalls，由前面的especiallyifthetaskistryingtocapturethesunbeamthatflicks（忽然摇动）aroundthelivingroomasthewindblowsthroughthebranchesoutside（特别是如果任务是捕捉阳光，当风吹过外面的树枝时，阳光在起居室周围忽然摇动）可推测此“狗是直接朝墙上的阳光跑去”较符合语境，square作副词时，表示“正对着地，径直地”，因此选B。

4.判断推理题。文章倒数第二段中介绍了狗伴随着朋友的青春期成长，认为狗最忠诚的伙伴，由此联想到狗Twist对女儿们的忠诚，伴随着她们长大，因此D选项“Twist的忠诚有助于女孩们成长”符合题意。

5.推理判断题。由Butwhenitcomestowhatreallyshapestheircharacterandbindsourfamily,Ineverwouldhavethoughtwewouldowesomuchtoitssmallestmember.（但说到真正塑造她们的性格和使家庭融洽时，我从来没想到我们会欠这位最小的家庭成员这么多）可知作者已将Twist当作家庭中的一员，感激她所做的贡献，因此C选项“感谢Twist扮演的角色”符合题意。

32.翻译题

Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents:inhighschool,manyofthebeststudentsdecidethattheywanttobeteachers,buttheirrelativesandfriendssoonconvincethemtochangetheirminds.（1）AccordingtoseveralrecentreportsontheshortcomingsofAmericanpublicschooling,teaching'slackofappealforthebrightestcollegestudentsisoneoftheteachingprofession'smostworrisomeproblems.

Manyarticlesonteaching,currentlypopularinnewspapers,magazines,andprofessionaleducationjournals,concentrateonthenegativeaspectsofteaching;theexpression"teacherburnout"iscommonlyascribedtothousandsofthoughtfulanddedicatedteacherswhoareleavingtheprofession.（2）Teacherburnoutiscausedbysuchproblemsasviolenceintheclassroom，vandalism（肆意破坏行为）inadequatesalaries，involuntarytransfers,interferingparents,oversizedclasses,andexcessivepaperwork.Eventhebestteacherscannotsolveachild'sproblems,butmanyofthembelievethepublicexpectsthemto,andtheygiveupteachingindespair.

（3）Despitethemorelimitedfinancialprospects,thedeteriorationoftheAmericanpublic'sattitudetowardteachers,andtheproblemscausedbydisruptivestudents，manyofthebeststudentsconcludethattheywanttopursuecareersintheclassroomafterall.Theyusuallydiscoverthattheywantpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'sworkmorethantheywantmaterialrewards.Eacheventuallychosetobecomeateacher.However,agrowingbodyofevidenceshowsthatsuchstudentsareexceptions,ratherthantherule,inAmerica'smorethan1,200teacher-trainingprograms.Manyteacher-trainingschoolsarebeginningtolookatwaystorecruitthekindofpeoplewhowouldbeinclinedtowardthepositiveaspectsofteaching.Theteachingprofessionhastobecomemoreattractivetogoodstudents.

（4）Prospectiveteacherswillseeincreasedemphasisbynationalteacherorganizations，statecertificationagencies，andlocaldistrictsonimprovingthestatusoftheprofession,aswellasonimprovingteachersalaries.Continuedeffortstoeliminatejobsteachersdothatarenotteacher's—suchaspolicingtherestrooms,hallways,andcafeterias—areimportantforupgradingtheprofession.

Whileteachingisnotawisecareerchoiceforall,teachingisanobleandrewardingprofessionforthosewhoindeedseekpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'swork.（4）Thoughthefirstyearofteachingisfrequentlythemostfrustratingyearinateacher'slife,theexperienceofsolvingproblemsthatdealwithinstruction,students,parents,administrators,andfellowteachersisofimmeasurablevalueforfuturesuccess.

PuttheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】1.根据最近几份关于美国公立学校教育缺点的报告，对最聪明的大学生来说，教学缺乏吸引力是教师行业最令人担忧的问题之一。

2.教师的职业倦怠是由以下问题引起的:教室里的暴力行为、故意破坏、工资不高、非自愿的调动、家长的干预、班级规模过大