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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林建筑大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Astablesocietyisadelicatebalanceofforces,a()ofequilibriuminwhichthevariableshavebeenbroughtintotemporarybalance.Toalteronefactoristosetinmotionaseriesofchangesandreadjustmentsthatdependuponalterationsallalongtheline.

问题1选项

A.saturation

B.continuum

C.continuation

D.meltingpoint

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。A选项saturation“饱和”;B选项continuum“连续体”;C选项continuation“继续”;D选项meltingpoint“熔点”。根据题干内容,acontinuumof连续的,为固定搭配,因此B选项正确。句意:社会稳定源于各种力量的微妙平衡。在这种……的平衡中,可变因素已经得到了暂时的平衡。改变一个因素便会发生一系列改变和调整。因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

RockstarEricClaptonbecame()toheroininthelate60sandhadtogoaspecialclinicfortreatment.

问题1选项

A.indulged

B.addicted

C.hooked

D.dependent

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词搭配辨析。A选项indulged“沉溺”,常见搭配beindulgedin“沉溺于……”;B选项addicted“上瘾”,常见搭配beaddictedto“对……上瘾”;C选项hooked“钩住;抓住”,常见搭配behookedon“被迷住”;D选项dependent“依赖的”,常见搭配dependenton“依靠”。句意:摇滚明星埃里克•克拉普顿六十多岁时对海洛因上瘾,必须去特殊诊所接受治疗。根据关键词heroin“海洛因”是毒品,一旦沾上就容易上瘾。因此B选项符合题意。

3.单选题

Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit()beforetheWestwassettled.

问题1选项

A.could

B.was

C.would

D.did

【答案】D

【解析】考查助动词替代。题干中的as作为连词,引导方式状语从句,意为“像……一样”。根据平行结构原则,从句中应填入实义动词had,但主句中已有了一个have,为了避免重复,可用助动词did代替had,例如:StudyasLenindid(did用来代替studied).像列宁那样学习。因此D选项正确。

4.单选题

Thedirectionswereso()thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。ingenious有独创性的,机灵的;ambitious野心勃勃的,有雄心的;notorious声名狼藉的,臭名昭著的;ambiguous模糊不清的,模棱两可的。能修饰directions的只有D项“模糊不清的”,故D项正确。句意:该指示如此模糊不清以致于不可能完成这项任务。

5.单选题

Heneverdoesanydisinterestedaction;he'salwaysonthe()

.

问题1选项

A.make

B.move

C.rise

D.go

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。onthemake“急于求成,唯利是图”;onthemove“四处奔波”;ontherise“在增加”;onthego“忙个不停”。句意:他从来不会做任何无利可图的事情,他一直都是唯利是图。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

WhileIcouldnot()thewordsoutsidethethickglasswindows,theirmiddlefingersspokeloudly.

问题1选项

A.wearout

B.setout

C.makeout

D.findout

【答案】C

【解析】考查语义关系。A选项wearout“耗尽、疲乏”;B选项setout“动身、出发”;C选项makeout“理解、辨认”;D选项findout“查明、找出”,句意为:厚厚的玻璃窗外的话我听不清,但他们的中指竖了起来。因此选项C符合题意。

7.翻译题

Despitethechokingsmog,Beijingisstillthenumberonechoiceforgraduatejobseekersbasedonits“softenvironment”,accordingtoareportpublishedlastTuesday.TheChinesecapitalisthepreferredchoiceforfindingworkowingtoitssocialenvironment,economicdevelopment,infrastructure,consumptionhabitsandinternationalizedatmosphere.Althoughmetropolisesarestilltopchoicesforgraduatestoworkin,thepastthreeyearshaveseenmoreuniversityandcollegegraduatesworkinprefecture-levelcities,orevensmallercities.

【答案】据上周二发布的一份报告显示,尽管烟雾弥漫,但基于“软环境”,北京仍然是毕业生求职者的首选。由于中国的社会环境、经济发展、基础设施、消费习惯和国际化的氛围,中国首都是求职的首选。尽管大城市仍然是毕业生就业的首选,但在过去的三年里,越来越多的大学毕业生到地级市,甚至更小的城市工作。

8.单选题

Thethreeclimberscanemployaguideto()themontheirwayupthemountain.

问题1选项

A.guide

B.conduct

C.lead

D.direct

【答案】C

【解析】句意:那三个登山者可以在爬山的路上雇一个向导带领他们上山。

考查动词辨析。guide带领,陪同……到目的地;conduct引导,组织安排;lead带路,引领;direct把……对准,指路。因此C符合句意。

9.翻译题

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10%)

爱灯不仅是为了驱除黑暗,不只是由于光的照明作用,还在于观看灯下的缤纷人生。

七十年代初,我流放的小山村尚未建立发电站,入夜只能生活在黑暗里。荒山寒夜,为节省灯油的山民们很早入眠,唯独我们这一户外来的人家还亮着小油灯。

山居生活寂寞单调,冬夜僵冷的黑暗也更是难堪。从小镇买来带有玻璃罩的油灯光芒是微弱的。为了获得更多的光亮,我试用废弃的瓶瓶罐罐制作了许多形态不一的小油灯。

每盏小油灯都绽开一朵火花,奉献小小的光亮。微弱的光也能划破黑暗,对沉沉的黑夜是一种无言的反抗。即使熄灭了,它也燃烧过。何况还能再一次点燃,继续以它怯弱而又勇敢的火光向黑夜挑战。我满心喜悦地观赏着我自己手下诞生的一点光明。在长夜漫漫的动乱岁月里,它燃起了我精神上的火焰。

【答案】【参考译文】

Lifeinthemountainvillagewasboringandalwaysmadeonefeellonely,andthecoldwinternightwasevenharder.Theglass-tubeoillampboughtinthetowngaveoutonlyveryfeeblelight.Inordertogetmorelight,Itriedandmademanylittleoillampsofvariousshapeswithallkindsofusedbottlesandpots.

Everylittleoillampgaveoutalittlefire,givingoutalittlelight.Thefeeblelightcouldaswellshinethroughthedarkness,asilentprotestagainstthedarknight.Eventhoughtheywouldfinallyburnout,theyatleasthadlitandcouldbelitagainanddefythedarknightwiththeirfeeblebutbravefirelight.Iwasfilledwithhappinesswatchingthetinylightofmyowncreation.Itwastheselightsthatlitupthefireofmyspiritduringthoselonganddarkdaysofpoliticalturmoil.

10.单选题

Singapore-basedcompanyPolychemyisusing3Dprinterstomakepersonalizedjewelry—thinknameplatenecklaces()inadozenlanguages,orsportsteamlogopendants.

问题1选项

A.precious

B.preferred

C.available

D.customizable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项precious表示“宝贵的,珍贵的”,B选项preferred表示“优先的,首选的”,C选项available表示“可获得的,有空的,可利用的”,D选项customizable表示“可定制的”。由后文关键信息“inadozenlanguages”可知,这些铭牌是可以用十几种语言表述出来的,因此,制作多种语言的铭牌是可实现的,能做到的。故本题正确答案为C选项。

11.单选题

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

andwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture______.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.

问题1选项

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

问题2选项

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

问题3选项

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transfonnedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

问题4选项

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

问题5选项

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.(男人在外面工作,挣的钱养家,而女人做饭,照顾家里和孩子。这些角色对大多数人来说是固定不变的,妇女没有机会交换她们的角色)可知过去男女的分工明确,角色相对固定,因此选D。

2.主旨大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了反主流文化对男女分工角色的影响,再根据第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.(但是到了本世纪中叶,男性和女性的角色越来越不固定)可知C选项最符合题意。

A选项“在20世纪50年代,经济和社会的成功是典型的美国人的目标”;B选项“但是在20世纪60年代,一支新的力量被称为反文化。参与这场运动的人并不重视美国中产阶级的目标;C选项“反主流文化为男性和女性提供了新的角色选择”;D选项“一些年轻男性拒绝应征当兵参加越南战争”。

3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety(但它的影响却蔓延到美国社会的许多方面)可推测反主流文化改变了美国的一些价值观,因此选B。

4.推理判断题。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.(由于对育儿更感兴趣,男人们开始和妻子分担抚养孩子的任务。事实上,一些年轻男女搬进了公共住宅或农场,在那儿双方共同承担经济和抚养孩子的责任)可推测C选项“大多数男人都很乐意和妻子分担一些家务”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了过去社会男女分工明确,角色固定;第二三段讲述了反主流文化以及它的影响;第四段讲述了女权运动给美国社会和经济带来的变化;最后一段简单概括男女地位的变化与转变中的困难。因此B选项“美国生活的新影响”符合题意。

12.单选题

Theideasexpressedinthearthistorian’sbookaremore(

)thanonewouldexpectonthebasisofherrather(

)treatmentofhersubjectintheopeningpages.

问题1选项

A.riguing

B.accessible...recondite

C.hidebound...reactionary

D.insightful...innovative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。compelling“引人注目的,不可抗拒的”;intriguing“有趣的,迷人的”;accessible“易接近的,可进入的,可理解的”;recondite“深奥的,隐藏的”;hidebound“死板的,保守的,顽固的”;reactionary“保守的,反动的”;insightful“有深刻见解的,富有洞察力的”;innovative“革新的,创新的”。句意:跟她在开篇对主题的深奥表述,对于读者而言,这个艺术史学家书中的观点要容易理解很多。选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincethedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute(贫民).OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause(

).

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment

).

5.Whydoestheauthorsay“OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire”(Lines11-13,Para.3)(

).

问题1选项

A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.

B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

C.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.

D.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.

问题2选项

A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.

B.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.

C.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

D.People’sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.

问题3选项

A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducation

B.anewleisureclasshasdeveloped

C.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepression

D.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem

问题4选项

A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducation

B.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupport

C.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducation

D.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment

问题5选项

A.OnlybyappropriatinganadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.

B.CitizensatallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.

C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.

D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是法定就业年龄的提高以及就业难度大等问题导致更多的人转而接受教育。但是由于经济大萧条的原因,公共机构以及社区无法为教育提供资金。作者认为只有依靠联邦救济才能解决问题。选项A“如何说服当地社区提供更多的资金”显然不符合原文;选项C“如何完善公共教育体系”不正确,本文主要涉及的是资金问题而不是教育体系的问题;选项D“如何解决日益严重的失业问题”不是本文的重点,本文的重点是解决教育资金短缺的问题,所以选项D不正确,选项B“如何解决公共教育经费短缺的问题”正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句“Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.”学校面临的主要困难是学生人数的大量增加。这是由于进入工业的法定年龄提高了,即使到了法定年龄也不可能找到工作。选项C符合原文。

第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“publicagenciesforadulteducation”定位到第二段的内容“Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.”当一切结束时,他们(成人教育公共机构)的境况也不会好多少。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。由此可知,他们的主要问题在于税收,而涉及税收的只有选项D。

第4题:判断推理题。根据最后一段中的“TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”解决失业问题的办法是联邦救济。公共教育问题的答案可能必须也是一样的,而且确实如此。由此可推断,联邦政府应该为公共教育筹集联邦资金。选项A正确。

第5题:判断推理题。这句话的意思是“只有一个决心毁灭下一代的民族才会拒绝接受公共教育可能需要的联邦资金”,也就是说只有拨出足够的联邦资金来扶持教育,我们的下一代才能有光明的前途。选项A正确;选项B中的“Citizensatallpartsofthecountry”表述错误,这个观点只是作者提出的,原文也没有提及全体公民都同意这一观点;选项C“为了下一代的利益,全国人民应该为教育做出贡献”不符合原文,作者的观点是联邦资金扶持教育而不是全国人民作出贡献;选项D“受过教育的人决心用联邦基金的一部分来帮助穷人”在文中没有信息涉及,所以不正确。

14.单选题

MyfriendPaulwasbadlytakeninwhenhepaid$1000forthatsecond-handcar,itwasnotworth()

问题1选项

A.thatallmuch

B.allthatmuch

C.thatmuchall

D.muchallthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查修饰语。thatmuch通常用于口语中,用all修饰,进一步加强语气。所以本题选B。

15.单选题

Takingalow-doseaspirineverydaywillreduceyourchancesofdyingfromcancer,scientistssaytoday,confirmingtheover-the-counterpillsasthemostextraordinarydrugyetdiscovered.

Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.ThestudypublictodayintheLancetmedicaljournalrevealsthatitalsohasapowerfulpreventiveactionagainstarangeofcancersandpossiblymoreofthemthanthereiscurrentlyenoughevidencetoprove.

Whilethedoctorswhocarriedoutthestudysayitisnotforthemtomakerecommendations,theleadauthor,46-year-oldProfPeterRothwellfromOxfordUniversity,sayshehasbeentakingaspirinforthelasttwoyears.Thebeneficialdoseis75mg-aquarterofastandardtablet,whichis300mg.Somepharmaciesselllow-dosetablets,butatahigherprice.

Rothwellandhiscolleagueshavealreadyshownthatdailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.Forthestudypublishedtoday,theyexaminedallthedatatheycouldfindfromwell-conductedtrialsthathadassessedtheuseofaspirinagainstacontroldrugandhadrecordeddeathsfromcancer.

Ineighttrialsinvolvingmorethan25,000patients,theyfoundtherewere21%fewerdeathsafterfiveyearsamongthosewhotookadailyaspirintablet,comparedwiththosewhodidnot.Theeffectwasmostnoticeableingastrointestinalcancers,wheredeathsdroppedby54%.

Patientsinaspirintrials20yearsagowerestill20%lesslikelytodieofasolidtumorand35%lesslikelytodieofgastrointestinalcancer.

Theyfoundthattheeffectsoftheaspirinseemedtokickinforpancreatic,brain,esophagealandlungcancer(generallynotthesorttriggeredbysmoking)afterpatientshadbeentakingitforfiveyearsormore.Forstomachandcolorectalcancer,theeffectswereseenafter10yearsandforprostatecancerafter15years.After20years,theriskofdeathfromprostatecancerwasreducedby10%,forlungcancerby30%,forcolorectalcancerby40%andforesophagealcancerby60%.

Thescientistsbelievebenefitsmaybeevengreaterthantheycouldestablish.

Theimpactonpancreas,stomachandbraincancerswasdifficulttoquantifyexactlybecauseofsmallernumbersofdeaths,theysay.Therecouldbeaneffectinbreastandovariancancers,butthereisnotenoughtrialdatatoproveit.

Thoseinthetrialstookaspirinforonlyfourtoeightyears.Rothwellbelievesthatifpeopletookaspirinfor20-30years,fromtheageofaround45or50,theymightsubstantiallyreducetheriskofcancer,whichsteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.

Rothwellandcolleaguesbelievetheirfindingsshouldtipthebalanceofrisk/benefitinfavourofdailyaspirindosing.Whilemillionsofpeoplestartedtakingthetabletsafterevidencethatitcuttheirchancesofheartattacksandstroke,therehasbeensomethingofamedicalback-pedaling,becauseaspirincancausestomachbleeding.

1.Over-the-counterpillsrefertodrugsthatcanbeobtained().

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Theeffectofadailyaspirintabletwasmostnoticeablein().

4.Howmanyyearsdidthosepatientstakeaspirinsintheeighttrials?

5.Forcolorectalcancer,theeffectsoftheaspirinwereseenafter()years.

问题1选项

A.withinthetouchofthecustomersontheshelf

B.withoutaprescriptionfromthedoctor

C.bywayofnotpayingtoomuchmoney

D.underthecoverageofmedicalinsurance

问题2选项

A.Dailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.

B.Aspirinhasaneffectinbreastandovariancancers.

C.Theriskofcancersteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.

D.Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.

问题3选项

A.gastrointestinalcancers

B.esophagealcancers

C.lungcancers

D.pancreaticcancers

问题4选项

A.fourtoeightyears

B.threetosevenyears

C.sixtoeightyears

D.fivetoeightyears

问题5选项

A.15

B.5

C.10

D.20

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。文中提到的over-the-counter(OTC)即我们常说的非处方药,是指为方便公众用药,在保证用药安全的前提下,经国家卫生行政部门规定或审定后,不需要医师或其他医疗专业人员开写处方即可购买的药品,一般公众凭自我判断,按照药品标签及使用说明就可自行使用。A选项“在货架上的顾客接触范围内”说法太宽泛;B选项“不需要医生的处方”说法正确;C选项“不用付太多钱”说法错误;D选项“在医疗保险范围内”说法错误,因此B选项正确。

2.细节事实。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“dailyaspirincutsdeathratesfromcolorectalcancerbymorethanathird.(每天服用阿司匹林可以将结直肠癌的死亡率降低三分之一以上)”;第九段“Therecouldbeaneffectinbreastandovariancancers,butthereisnotenoughtrialdatatoproveit.(这可能对乳腺癌和卵巢癌有影响,但没有足够的试验数据来证明这一点。)”;第十段“Rothwellbelievesthatifpeopletookaspirinfor20-30years,fromtheageofaround45or50,theymightsubstantiallyreducetheriskofcancer,whichsteadilyincreasesaspeopleage.(罗思韦尔认为,如果人们从45岁或50岁左右开始服用阿司匹林20-30年,他们可能会大幅降低患癌症的风险,而癌症风险会随着人们年龄的增长而稳步增加。)”以及第二段“Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.(每天服用阿司匹林已经被证明可以降低心脏病和中风的风险。)”。由此可知A选项“每天服用阿司匹林可以将结直肠癌的死亡率降低三分之一以上。”;C选项“随着人们年龄的增长,患癌症的风险稳步增加。”以及D选项“每天服用阿司匹林已经被证明可以降低心脏病和中风的风险。”说法都正确,只有B选项“阿司匹林对乳腺癌和卵巢癌有疗效。”说法错误,因此该题B选项正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第五段“Theeffectwasmostnoticeableingastrointestinalcancers,wheredeathsdroppedby54%.(这种效果在胃肠道癌症中最为明显,死亡率下降了54%。)”。由此可知A选项“胃肠道癌症”正确;B选项“食管癌”;C选项“肺癌”;D选项“胰腺癌”均不符合题意,因此A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Theyfoundthattheeffectsoftheaspirin...afterpatientshadbeentakingitforfiveyearsormore.(他们发现,在患者服用阿司匹林5年或更长时间后,阿司匹林的效果似乎对……更有效)”,由此可知年限的最低值需大于或等于5年的基础之上,A选项“4到8年”;B选项“3到7年”;C选项“6到8年”都不符合该基础,D选项“5到8年”更准确,因此D选项正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Forstomachandcolorectalcancer,theeffectswereseenafter10yearsandforprostatecancerafter15years.(对于胃癌和结肠直肠癌,效果是在10年后看到的,而对于前列腺癌则是在15年后看到的。)”,由此可知C选项正确。

16.单选题

Hetriedtocopewiththeever-increasingburdenofhiswork,butfinallyhe()andhadtotakeacompleterest.

问题1选项

A.brokeaway

B.brokeoff

C.brokeup

D.brokedown

【答案】D

【解析】动词词组辨析。breakaway“脱离,放弃,逃跑”;breakoff“突然停止;暂停”;breakup“打碎;结束”;breakdown“发生故障;毁掉”。句意:他试图处理日益增加的工作负担,但最后他,不得不彻底休息。根据“takeacompleterest”可推测,填空处应该指他的身体垮掉了,只有选项D有此含义,所以正确。

17.单选题

Windandwatercause()inrocksandsoil.

问题1选项

A.conversion

B.erosion

C.depression

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项conversion“转变”;B选项erosion“腐蚀”;C选项depression“沮丧;洼地;不景气;忧愁;低气压区”;D选项diversion“令人分心的事物;改道”。句意:风和水让岩石和土壤……。风和水对岩石和土壤有侵蚀作用。因此B选项符合题意。

18.单选题

Thejournalistgotthe(

)newsthatthefamousactresswouldchangeherhusbandfortheseventhtime.

问题1选项

A.sentimental

B.sensational

C.sensible

D.sensitive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sentimental意为“伤感的,多情的,多愁善感的”;sensational意为“轰动的,引起哗然的”;sensible意为“明智的,理智的,合理的”;sensitive意为“敏感的,易受伤害的”。

句意:这位记者得到了一个轰动的消息,那就是这位著名女演员将第七次更换丈夫。

19.单选题

SecretaryOfStateKerrysaidthatit’simportantforpeopleintheworldnotto(

)allegedterroristsbuttounderscoretheimportanceoftheruleoflaw.

问题1选项

A.sympathizewith

B.getalongwith

C.referto

D.respondto

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A选项sympathizewith表示“同情,与……产生共鸣”;B选项getalongwith表示“与……和睦相处,取得进展”;C选项referto表示“参考,涉及,指的是”;D选项respondto表示“响应”。由句意可知,国务卿克里表示,对世界人民来讲,重要的不是同情所谓的恐怖分子,而是要强调法治的重要性。因此,A选项的词义更符合句意,故本题正确答案为A选项。

20.单选题

Aftertheheavyrain,abuilderwascalledtorepairtheroof,whichwas().

问题1选项

A.leaking

B.trickling

C.dripping

D.floating

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项leak“漏,(液体)渗入,(气体)逸出”;B选项trickle“(液体)成小股流动,滴”;C选项drip“滴下,滴落”;D选项float“漂浮;飘动”。句意:大雨过后,建筑工人被叫去修理漏水的屋顶。由选项意思和句意可知,A选项符合句意。

21.单选题

Hardlyanything____morethanhappinessofseeingsomeoneusinghisdevicefortreatment.

问题1选项

A.pleasehim

B.doespleasehim

C.doeshimplease

D.pleaseshim

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pleasehim使他开心B.doespleasehim确实使他开心

C.doeshimplease确实是他开心D.pleaseshim使他开心

【答案】D

【考查点】主谓一致

【解题思路】该句的主语为anything“任何事情”,是一个不定代词,不定代词做主语时,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。选项中的please为本句的谓语,其第三人称单数形式为pleases,him为本句的宾语。因此,D选项pleaseshim“使他开心”满足语法要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项pleasehim,没有使用第三人称单数;

B选项doespleasehim,虽然hardly放在句首时一般需要部分倒装,但是,本句没有在主语anything的前面挖空,does的位置不对。另外,hardly放在句首也可以不使用部分倒装,只是这样就不表示强调了;

C选项doeshimplease,与B选项相同,does的位置不对,另外,him是宾语,应在please的后面。

【句意】没有什么比看到有人用他的设备治疗更让他高兴的了。

22.单选题

Topicsofconversationshouldbe()totheexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.

问题1选项

A.rigid

B.rigorous

C.relevant

D.remarkable

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。rigid严格的,死板的;rigorous严格的,严酷的;relevant相关的,常与介词to搭配,意为与……相关;remarkable卓越的,非凡的。只有relevant能与句中的to搭配。句意:对话的主题应该与学生的经历和兴趣相关。选项C符合句意。

23.单选题

Ifnothingisdonetoprotecttheenvironment,millionsofspeciesthatarealivetodaywillhavebecome().

问题1选项

A.deteriorated

B.degenerated

C.suppressed

D.extinct

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项deteriorated“恶化的”;B选项degenerated“退化的”;C选项suppressed“被抑制的”;D选项extinct“灭绝的”。句意:如果不采取措施保护环境,今天存活的数百万物种将会灭绝。选项D符合句意。

24.单选题

()wingsforthecommonmanhadtoawaitthedawnofthespaceagetogobacktothesimplicityoftheirbeginnings.

问题1选项

A.Consequently

B.Regularly

C.Ironically

D.Comprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。consequently"因此,从而";regularly"定期地,有规律地";ironically"讽刺地";comprehensively"包括地,全面地"。句意:(),普通人的翅膀必须等到太空时代的黎明才能回到最初的简单。选项C具有讽刺意味的是,符合句意。

25.翻译题

人性的完整在于承认自己的缺陷,勇敢地摒弃不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾。人性的完整还在于意识到自己能够使悲剧性的人生继续存在下去,能够在失去亲人后依然表现出完整的个人风范。

当我们承认瑕疵是构成人性的一部分,同时又能继续在生活中不懈地奋斗,并大大赞美这样的人生价值时,我们就会获得其他人仅能期盼的完整人生。我相信这就是上帝对我们的要求:不求“完美”,也不求“永不犯错误”,而是求得人性的“完整”。

【答案】【参考译文】Thereisawholenesstohumannaturethatconsistsinadmittingourlimitations,inbeingbraveenoughtoletgoofunrealisticdreamsandnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereisawholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedyandsurvive,canlosesomeoneandbestilllikeacompleteperson.

Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedawholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.That,Ibelieve,iswhatgodasksofus—not“beperfect”,not“donotevenmakeamistake”,but“bewhole”.

26.单选题

Theco-operativespiritthatispresentinsuchpack-huntersaswolvesislargelyabsentfromtheworldoftheprimate.Competitivenessanddominanceistheorderofthisday.

Competitioninthesocialhierarchyis,ofcourse,presentinbothgroups,butitislesstemperedbyco-operativeactioninthecaseofmonkeysandapes.Complicated,coordinatedmaneuversarealsounnecessary:sequencesoffeedingactiondonotneedtobestrungtogetherinsuchacomplexway.Theprimatecanlivemuchmorefromminutetominute,fromhandtomouth.

Becausetheprimate'sfoodsupplyisallarounditforthetaking,thereislittleneedtocovergreatdistances.Groupsofwildgorillas,thelargestofthelivingprimates,havebeencarefullystudiedandtheirmovementstraced,sothatwenowknowthattheytravelonaverageaboutathirdofamileaday.Sometimestheymoveonlyafewhundredfeet.Carnivores,bycontrast,mustfrequentlytravelmanymilesonasinglehunting

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