考研考博-英语-厦门安防科技职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门安防科技职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Eachmorningthepriestspentanhourinquietcontemplation.

问题1选项

A.intuition

B.reflection

C.meditation

D.perception

【答案】C

【解析】句意：牧师每天早晨花一个小时静静地沉思。contemplation意为“沉思”。intuition直觉；reflection映像，反射；meditation冥想，沉思，静坐；perception洞察力，看法。选项C与之意思相近。

2.单选题

Ifpromptmeasuresaretaken,wearesurethatilliteracyinthisregioncanbe（）innotime.

问题1选项

A.eliminated

B.abandoned

C.diminished

D.withdrawn

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果迅速采取措施，我们相信该地区的文盲现象将很快消除。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。eliminate消除;排除;abandon放弃;遗弃；diminish减少;缩小；withdraw撤退;收回。空格处的逻辑主语是illiteracy(文盲现象)，因此A正确。

3.单选题

Thenovelcontainssomemarvelouslyrevealing（）ofrurallifeinthe19thcentury.

问题1选项

A.glances

B.glimpses

C.glares

D.gleams

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。glance扫视，强调动作的快速性；glimpse一瞥，粗略地一看，强调快速但不完整的“一瞥”；glare怒视，强调目不转睛地“注视”；gleam闪光，瞬息的一现，还可指情感流露。根据句意可知，选项B更符合语境。

4.单选题

Notallpersonsarrestedand（）withacrimeareguilty,andthemainfunctionofcriminalcourtsistodeterminewhoisguiltyunderthelaw.

问题1选项

A.sentenced

B.accused

C.persecuted

D.charged

【答案】D

【解析】sentenced判决，审判；accused指控，控告；persecuted迫害；charged指控，控告。句意：并非所有被逮捕和被指控犯罪的人都是有罪的，刑事法院的主要职能是根据法律确定谁是有罪的。accused和charged都有指控的意思，但是accused不能与介词with搭配，而应与of搭配，所以选项D正确。

5.单选题

Thepreciousmanuscriptswerehopelessly（）bylongexposureinthecold,dampcellar.

问题1选项

A.damaged

B.destroyed

C.harmed

D.mined

【答案】B

【解析】damage主要指对价值和功能的破坏,多用于无生命的东西,一般还可修复；destroy指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用,一般不能或很难修复；harm主要用于有生命的东西,偶尔也用于无生命的事物,常指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等；mine指开采,不符合句意。通过“hopelessly”可知毁坏程度大,无法修复,所以选项B更恰当。

6.单选题

Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeforwhichtheeyesstop—thedurationofthefixation—variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovarieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.

Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhichtrainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.

1.ThetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsEXCEPT________.

2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading________.

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently”inParagraph2?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis________.

问题1选项

A.thelengthofagroupofwords

B.lightingandtiredness

C.one’sfamiliaritywiththetext

D.one’spurposeinreading

问题2选项

A.demandsadeeply-participatingmind

B.demandsmoremindthaneyes

C.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixation

D.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequickly

问题3选项

A.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveanefficientreading.

B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveone’sabilitytoseewords.

C.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.

D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandtocomprehendwords.

问题4选项

A.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.

B.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.

C.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.

D.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.

问题5选项

A.pessimistic

B.optimistic

C.critical

D.neutral

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】语义推测题。根据第一段最后两句Italsovarieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.（每个人的阅读目的和对文本的熟悉程度也不同。此外，它还会受到光照和疲劳等因素的影响。），可知识别广度受阅读目的、对文本的熟悉程度、光照和疲劳的影响，B选项“光照和疲劳”、C选项“对课文的熟悉程度”和D选项“阅读的目的”符合文章内容，A选项“一组单词的长度”不符合文章内容。因此A选项正确。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.（阅读需要理解单词之间的关系。），可知作者认为记单词需要头脑去理解，A选项“需要大脑的深度参与”正确。根据第二段第一句Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.（不幸的是，在过去，许多阅读提高课程过于关注我们的眼睛如何在印刷的页面上移动。），可知作者不赞同纯视觉训练的方法，C选项“要求读者在每一个固定位置都要接收更多的单词”和D选项“要求读者提高看单词的速度”错误。B选项“需要的更多是头脑而不是眼睛”：作者没有提到更多需要头脑还是眼睛参与。因此A选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段五、六句thereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.（读者在每次连续固定的时候会看到更多的单词。所有这些练习都很巧妙，但提高一个人看单词的能力是一回事，提高他有效阅读的能力是另一回事。），可知这个方法可以提高看单词的能力，但是不能提高有效阅读的能力，A选项“文中提到的阅读练习不能帮助提高阅读效率”正确，D选项“文中提到的阅读练习不能帮助提高看单词和理解单词的能力”错误。B选项“文中提到的阅读练习对提高看清单词的能力起到了很大的作用”：原文没有说这个练习在多大程度上提高了看清单词的能力，这里更多是在强调这个练习方法的不足之处。C选项“当进行有效阅读时，不需要有看单词的能力”：文中没有提到。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhichtrainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.（许多专家现在开始质疑视力训练的有效性，特别是因为任何训练阅读孤立的单词和短语的方法似乎不太可能帮助阅读连续的文本。），可知D选项“许多专家开始质疑眼部训练的效率”符合文章内容；这种纯视觉的训练方法对阅读连续的文本不太有帮助，A选项“强调纯视觉方面是有误导性的”符合文章内容，B选项“眼睛训练将帮助读者阅读连续的文本”不符合文章内容。C选项“视觉广度是我们每次看到的一个词或一组词”：根据第一段第四、五句Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.（每次他们注视时，我们都会看到一组单词。这被称为识别广度或视觉广度。），可知符合文章内容。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】观点态度题。作者在第一段提出我们是如何阅读的和什么因素会影响阅读，第二段提出纯视觉的训练如何进行以及效果，最后转而提出这个训练不能提高阅读能力，并且许多专家开始质疑这个训练的有效性，所以C选项“批判的”正确。A选项“悲观的”，B选项“乐观的”和D选项“中立的”不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

7.单选题

Thousandsof（

）atthestadiumcametotheirfeettopaytributetoanoutstandingperformance.

问题1选项

A.audience

B.participants

C.spectators

D.observers

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。audience听众；participant参与者；spectator观众，看客；observer观察者。句意：体育场内成千上万的观众起立，向这场出色的表演致敬。此句语境为去体育场观看表演，所以主体为观众。答案C

8.单选题

Themostdangerousenemyisonewhosmilesatyoubut（）hatredintheheart.

问题1选项

A.cherishes

B.flourishes

C.nourishes

D.furnishes

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项cherishes“珍爱；怀有……感情”；B选项flourishes“繁荣；夸耀”；C选项nourishes“滋润；抚养”；D选项furnishes“提供；供应”。hatred“憎恨；敌意”，句意：最危险的敌人，就是对着你微笑，心里却……仇恨。最危险的敌人，是对你笑脸相迎却怀恨在心的人。故选A。

9.单选题

Theseareasrelyonagriculturealmost（）,havingfewmineralresourcesandaminimumofindustrialdevelopment.

问题1选项

A.incredibly

B.exclusively

C.extraordinarily

D.respectively

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。incredibly“难以置信地”；exclusively“唯一地”;extraordinarily“极其”；respectively“分别地”。根据后面havingfewmineralresourcesandaminimumofindustrialdevelopment“几乎没有矿藏，工业发展也少”可知当地只依靠农业，因此选项B符合题意。

10.单选题

OfallfiguresfromAmerica'spast,AbrahamLincolnisdearesttotheheartsoftheAmericanpeople.Infact,theadmirationtheyhaveforhimbordersonworship.WritersnotethattheLincolnMemorialinWashington,DCisnotunlikethetemplesthatancientGreeksbuiltinhonoroftheirgoods,andthatannualceremoniesofcelebratingLincoln'sbirthdayinschoolsandpublicplaceshavesometimeshadcharacteristicsofreligiousservices.CertainlyLincolnisAmerica'sidealofagreatleader.HehadmanyofthequalityofleadershipthatAmericansadmire.

Firstofall,Lincoln'scareerfitspopularAmericanbeliefthateverychildcandreamofbecomingpresident.Americansadmiretheperson——theonewho,withneithermoneynorfamilyinfluence,fightshisorherwaytothetop.Lincolnwasbomofpoorparents.Hismotherdiedwhenhewasyoung.Hehadlittleopportunityforschooling.Hisearlystudywasdonealoneatnightbythelightofafireplace.Hedidhardmanuallaborthroughtheday——splittingrailsforfences,takingcareoflivestock,workingonriverboat——orinstore.Butashegrewolderhestudiedlawinhissparetimeandbecamealawyer.Hewasagoodspeakerandstudentofpoliticalphilosophy.HisabilityfinallymadeanameforhimandeventuallyhebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates.

LincolnisalsoadmiredbecauseofhisleadershipduringthedifficultperiodoftheCivilWar.Hedaredtodowhathethoughtwasrightatatimewhenhisbeliefswereunpopularwithmanypeople.He,inasense,representsthespiritofunionamongthestates.BeforetheCivilwar,theeconomyoftheSouthdependedonanagriculturalsystemwhichmadeuseofslavelabor.Whenreformersinthenorthernstates,putpressureonCongressnottopermittosecedeorwithdraw,fromtheUnitedStates,theyarguedthatthequestionofslaverywasamatterfortheindividualstatestodecideratherthanthefederalgovernment,andtheydidnotwanttoacceptitsdecision.Thenationalgovernmentsaidthatnostatehadtherighttosecede,andtheCivilWarwastheresult.Ifthesouthhadwonthewar,whatistheUnitesStatesmightwellhavebeendividedintoseveralcountries.Lincolnworkedhardtopreservetheunion,andthenorthernstateswerevictorious.

Furthermore,Lincolnhadmanypersonalqualitiesthatmadehimdeartotheheartsofhiscountryman.Hehadinfinitepatienceandtoleranceforthosewhodisagreedwithhim.Aspresident,heappointedmentohighgovernmentpositionswhomheconsideredmostcapable,eventhoughsomeofthemopenlyscornedhim.Hewasgeneroustohisopponents.Therearemanystoriesabouthisthoughtfultreatmentofsouthernleaders.Whenthewarwasover,heshowedtheSouthnohatred.SincegenerositytowardadefeatedopponentisadmiredbyAmericans,Lincolnfittedthenationalideaofwhatisright.

ShortlyaftertheCivilWarended,Lincoln,wasshotwhileattendingaplayinWashingtonTheater.Hediedwithinafewhours.Theuncontrolledemotionalreactionofthenationtohisdeathwasalmostunbelievableanddemonstratedthedeepesteeminwhichhewasheld.Newspaperswereedgedwithblack;religiousleadersgavepraiseofLincolninsteadoftheirpreparedsermons.HisfuneralprocessioninWashingtonwasmileslong.Lincoln'sbodywastakenbytrainbacktohisformerhomeinSpringfield,Illinois,butinallthemajorcitiesthroughwhichthetrainpassed,thecoffinwasparadedthroughstreetslinedwithsorrowfulthousands.Inthesmalltownsthroughwhichthetrainpassedbellsranginhonorofthedeadpresident.Citizenslittorchesalongtherailroadtracktoshowtheirlastrespects.

ThecircumstancesofhisdeathsetLincolnapartfromotherAmericanleaders.HadLincolnlived,itmightwellbethathispostwarpolicieswouldhavebroughtcriticismsuponhimthatwouldhavetarnishedhispopularity.Instead,anassassin'sbulleterasedinthemindsofAmericansanyfaultshehadandemphasizedhisvirtues.

1.WhataretheaspectsthatmadeLincolnidealofagreatleader?

2.Lincoln'sbeliefsusedtobe（）.

3.Fromthelastparagraphitcouldbeinferredthat（）.

4.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat（）.

5.Lincolncamefromacitynamed（）.

6.Howmanypersonalqualitiesarementionedinparagraph4?

7.Theword“assassin”means（）.

问题1选项

A.Lincoln'scareerandfamily

B.Lincolnwasself-madeperson

C.Lincoln'sleadershipduringthedifficultperiodoftheCivilWar

D.Hiscareer,leadership,generosityandrighttimeofdeath

问题2选项

A.unpopularwithmanypeopleduringtheperiodoftheCivilWar

B.aself-madeperson

C.worshipped

D.popularwiththeAmericanpeople

问题3选项

A.Americanpeoplelikethosewhoaregeneroustotheiropponents

B.Apresidentmustbelikeapresident

C.Lincoln'sdeathwasatarighttimetohim

D.LincolnisstillpopularwiththeAmericanpeople

问题4选项

A.apersonwhofightshisorherwaytothetopwillbepresident

B.Americansbelievethateveryonecanbepresidentifhehasability

C.aself-madepersonwillsucceed

D.it'sapieceofcaketobepresidentoftheUnitedStates

问题5选项

A.Washington

B.Springfield

C.Illinois

D.notmentioned

问题6选项

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

问题7选项

A.helper

B.assistant

C.soldier

D.killer

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:D

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知,本文从多个方面讲述了林肯受人们爱戴的原因,选项D最能全面概括,其他选项都只是一个方面。

2.根据第三段的第二句“Hedaredtodowhathethoughtwasrightatatimewhenhisbeliefswereunpopularwithmanypeople.”可知,林肯的信仰过去在内战期间并不受大多数人的欢迎,选项A符合原文。

3.根据最后一段可知,如果林肯还活着,很可能他的战后政策会给他带来批评,损害他的声望。相反,暗杀者的子弹抹去了美国人心中他的所有缺点,并强调了他的美德。由此可知,客观上来说,林肯的死亡是在一个恰当的时机,选项C正确。

4.根据第二段的第二句“Americansadmiretheperson——theonewho,withneithermoneynorfamilyinfluence,fightshisorherwaytothetop.”美国人欣赏那些,既没有金钱也没有家庭影响,却能通过奋斗达到顶峰的人。也就是说,美国人相信只要有能力,每个人都能成为总统。选项B正确。

5.根据第五段倒数第二句“Lincoln'sbodywastakenbytrainbacktohisformerhomeinSpringfield,Illinois,...”林肯的遗体被火车运回了他在伊利诺斯州斯普林菲尔德的老家。由此可知,林肯来自于Springfield这个城市,Illinois是州,所以选项B正确。

6.根据第四段“Hehadinfinitepatienceandtoleranceforthosewhodisagreedwithhim.”“Hewasgeneroustohisopponents.”可知,本段提到了林肯的3个个人品质,选项A正确。

7.根据原文可知,这里指林肯遭到暗杀,所以选项D正确。

11.单选题

Thenewly-builtapartmentiswell______.

问题1选项

A.ventilated

B.meditated

C.irritated

D.evaluated

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项ventilate“使通风，给……装通风设备”，B项meditate“考虑，计划，企图”，C项irritate“刺激，使兴奋，激怒”，D项evaluate“评价，估价”。由主语newly-builtapartment（新建的公寓）可知，空格处填入“通风”符合语境。句意：这座新建的公寓通风良好。因此，该题选择A项。

12.单选题

Thechildrencheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（

）slowlyintothesky.

问题1选项

A.heaving

B.raising

C.ascending

D.floating

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。heave意为“举起”；raise意为“提升，提高”；ascend意为“上升，升高”；float意为“浮动，漂流”。此处为动词的现在分词作宾补。

句意：当看到几百个彩色气球慢慢地升向天空时，孩子们欢呼起来。

13.单选题

Fatherdoesnotlike（

）meat.

问题1选项

A.lean

B.slim

C.skinny

D.slender

【答案】A

【解析】根据句意：父亲不喜欢瘦肉。只有选项A能与meat搭配，其他选项只能修饰人。

14.单选题

TheCardinalandDanieldeBosolaenterfromtheright.Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.Hehasthetall,spareform—theelongatedhandsandfeatures—oftheformer;thetrimpointedbeard,theimperialrepose,thecommandingauthorityofthelatter.ButtheElGrecofeaturesarenotreallythoseofasceticismorinnermysticspirituality.Theyaretheindextoacold,refinedbutruthlesscrueltyinahighlycivilizedcontrolledform.Neitheristheimperialreposeanaloofmoodofprouddetachment.Itisarefinedexpressionofasatanicprideofplaceandtalent.Toadegree,theCardinal’scoldnessisartificiallycultivated.HehasdefinedhimselfagainsthisyoungerbrothertheDukeandistheoppositetotheoverwroughtemotionalityofthelatter.ButtheCardinal’saloofmoodisnotoneofblanddetachment.Itisthedeliberatedetachmentofamethodicalmanwhocollectshisthoughtsandemotionsintothemostcompactandformidableshape―thatwhenhestrikes,hemaystrikewiththemoreefficientanddevastatingforce.Hiseasymovementsarethoseoftheslowlycirclingeaglejustbeforetheswiftdescentwiththeexposedtalons.Aboveallelse,heisamanwhoneverforamomentdoubtshisdestinedauthorityasagovernor.HederisivelyandsharplyrebukeshisbrothertheDukeaseasilyandreadilyashismistressJulia.IfhehasbetrayedBosola,heuseshisbrotherasthetooltorecoverhis“familiar.”Hiscourtdressisalongbrilliantscarletcardinal’sgownwithwhitecuffsandawhitecollarturnedbackoverthered,bothcollarandcuffsbeingelaboratelyscallopedandembroidered.Hewearsasmallcape,reachingonlytotheelbows.Hiscassockisbuttonedtotheground,givingaheightenedeffecttohisalreadytallpresence.Richelieuwouldhaveadoredhisneatlytrimmedbeard.Arichlyjeweledandornamentedcrossliesonhisbreast,suspendedfromhisneckbyagoldchain.BosolaistheRenaissance“familiar”dressedconventionallyinsomberblackwithawhitecollar.Hewearsachainabouthisneck,asuspendedornament,andasword.Althougha“bravo,”hemustnotbethoughtofasaleatherjacketed,heavy-bootedtough,squatandswarthy.Stilllessisheasneering,leering,melodramaticvillainoftheVictoriangaslighttradition.Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman;introvertedandintrospective,yetruthlessinaction;moodyandreluctant,yetviolent.Heisamanofscholarlytasteandsubtleintellectualdiscriminationdoingtheworkofahiredruffian.Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.LikeDukeFerdinand,heisinwardlytormented,butnotbyundilutedpassion.Hisdominantemotionisanintellectualizedone:thatofdisgustataworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly,butinwhichhemustplayapartandthatalowly,despicableone.HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.

1.TheactorportrayingBosolamustdepictthecharacter（

）.

2.Thewriterofthispassageassumesthatthereaderis

（

）.

3.ThereferencetoBrowninginthelastsentenceisintendedtocompare

（

）.

4.InhisdescriptionofBosola,theauthorofthispassagemakesextensiveuseofthedeviceof（

）.

问题1选项

A.asahighlycivilizedindividual

B.asasneeringvillain

C.asacomplicatedyetrestrainedindividual

D.withsubtletyandintensity

问题2选项

A.familiarwithRenaissancepoetry

B.disgustedwithaworldfilledwithknaveryandfolly

C.familiarwiththepaintingsofElGreco

D.familiarwiththewritingsofVanDykeandElGreco

问题3选项

A.BosolawithDukeFerdinand

B.BosolawithaBrowningcharacter

C.DukeFerdinandwithBosola

D.BosolawithBrowning

问题4选项

A.metaphor

B.onomatopoeia

C.exaggeration

D.paradox

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文中“Ingeneraleffect,hisimpersonatormustachievesupplenessandsubtletyofnature,ahighlycomplex,compressed,yetwellrestrainedintensityoftemperament.总的来说，他的模仿者必须达到自然的柔美和微妙，一种高度复杂、紧凑而又克制得很好的气质。”可知与C项相符。

2.判断推理题。由文中“Inappearance,theCardinalissomethingbetweenanElGrecocardinalandaVanDykenoblelord.在外观上，红衣主教之间是埃尔•格列柯红衣主教和范戴克高贵的主。”可知作者认为读者熟悉EIGreco和VanDyke的画像。故C项正确。

3.判断推理题。由“HeisthekindofraritythatBrowninglovedtodepictinhisRenaissancemonologues.他是那种布朗宁喜欢在他的文艺复兴独白中描述的罕见人物”。可知该句中Bosola和Browning笔下所描写的人物进行对比。故B项正确，

4.判断推理题。Metaphor暗喻；onomatopoeia拟声；exaggeration夸张；paradox悖论。

由文中“Likehisblack-and-whiteclothes,heisacolorfulcontradiction,ascholar-assassin,ahumanist-hangman...就像他的黑白衣服一样，Bosola是一种有趣的自相矛盾，他是学者的杀手、人文主义者的刽子手······”可知A项正确。

15.单选题

Standinginlinehasneverbeenapopularactivity,buttodayitseemsthatAmericansarelikelytobemoreimpatientaboutwaitinginlinethantheyhavebeenin20years.AccordingtoarecentLouisHarrissurvey,Americans’leisuretimehasshrunkby37percentinthelasttwodecades.Withleisuretimemorevaluable,theopportunitycostofwaitinginlinesismuchhigher.

Businessesrecognizethatpeoplechoosetheirproductsonthebasisofthefullopportunitycost,notjustthepriceofthegoodsorservice.Bykeepingcustomerswaitingbusinessesmaybelosingcustomers.Theyarefindingthatpeoplewillchooseoneestablishmentoveranotherbecauseshorterlines.Asaresult,businessesarefocusingontheirmarketingeffortsonwhatmarketerscalltimeutility-providingproductsandservicesinwaysthatdonotconsumevaluabletimeorprovidingvaluestooffsetthetimelosses.Whenthemultiple-linesapproachisusedinbanksandstores,peoplegetfrustratedbecausetheyoftenfindthemselvesintheslowestline.Singlelinesdonotmoveanyquicker,buttheyreducethevarianceofthewaitandthusreducefrustrations.Customerscanlineupbehindthetellerorclerkortheirchoice;orinonelinethatallowsthefirstpersoninlinetogotothenextavailableserver-calledasingle-serverline.Asaresult,mosttypesofbusinessesinwhichseveralservicepeoplehandlecustomershaveswitchedtothesingle-serverline.

Firmshavetriedseveralotherapproachestodealingwithlines.ChemicalBankbeganaprogramwhereanycustomerwhohadtowaitinatellerlineformorethansevenminuteswasgiven$5.HospitalemergencyroomsinLosGatos,California,nowoffera“NoWaiting”guarantee:Ifyouwaitlongerthanfiveminutesforemergency-roomcare,thebillingdepartmentknocks25percentoffyourbill.TheManhattanSavingsBankoffersliveentertainmentduringnoontimebankinghours.Somehotelsandofficebuildingshavemirrorsontheirelevatordoorsinanattempttodistractpeoplewhilewaiting.

Sometimesjusttellingpeoplehowlongtheyhavetowaitcheersthemup.Disneylandhashadtolearntocomfortthoseinline,sinceapopularattractionlikeStarTourscanattractasmanyas1,800peopleinaline.Likemanyamusementparks,Disneylandprovidedentertainmentforthosestandinginline,butitalsogivespeopleupdates,intheformofsigns,noting“fromthispoint,onthewaitis30minutes'Distractionssuchasthesecanhelppeopleforgethowtheycouldbespendingtheirtimeiftheyweren’twaitinginline.

1.Whichisthebesttitleforthisessay?

2.Whatisthemainideaoftheentireessay?

3.Peopleprefersingle-serverlinesbecause（）.

4.Wecaninferfromtheessaythat（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisFalse?

问题1选项

A.PreciousLeisureTime.

B.Single-serverLine.

C.NoWaitingGuarantee.

D.TheOpportunityCostofWaiting.

问题2选项

A.Peoplearemoreimpatientthantheyusedtobebecausetheyhavelessleisuretime.

B.Businessestrytoattractcustomersbydecreasingwaitingtime.

C.Timecanbeconsideredpartoftheopportunitycostofaproductorservice.

D.Banks,storesandotherbusinesseshaveintroducedsingle-serverlinesandentertainmentforcustomerswaitinginline.

问题3选项

A.theymovequicker

B.theyoffermoredistractions

C.theyreducefrustrations

D.theyaddvariances

问题4选项

A.peoplejudgeaproductonitsfullopportunitycostincludingtime

B.marketersdonotfindeffectiveapproachestodealingwithtime

C.mostpeoplearepatientwhentheylineforanamusementprogram

D.mostpeopledonotcarefortheentertainmentprogramofferedbythebusinesseswhentheyarewaitinginlonglines

问题5选项

A.Americans’leisuretimehasshrunken37percentinthelasttwodecades.

B.AtChemicalBankcustomerswhohadtowaitmorethansevenminutesweregiven$5.

C.Somehospitalemergencyroomsoffera“NoWaiting”guarantee.

D.Disneylandhadtocheerupthepeoplewaitinginlonglinesforsomepopularattractions,butnottothecustomers'satisfaction.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:文章第一段提到美国人的休闲时间越来越宝贵，排队等候所费的成本越来越高。在接下来的段落里，作者着重说明商家是如何采取措施来解决排队费时间的问题，向消费者提供费时少的产品和服务。因此可以推断出全文是在讲排队等候的机会成本，所以选项D符合题意。

第2题:根据第1题可知，选项C“时间被认为是产品或者服务的机会成本的一部分”符合题意。

第3题:文章第二段提到人们不喜欢多行的队伍，这样会让他们沮丧，而singlelinesdonotmoveanyquicker,buttheyreducethevarianceofthewaitandthusreducefrustrations，单行队伍能够减少人们的沮丧。选项C符合题意。

第4题:文章第二段第一句话提到商家意识到人们在机会成本的基础上选择商品不仅仅是因为产品的服务或者质量（Businessesrecognizethatpeoplechoosetheirproductsonthebasisofthefullopportunitycost,notjustthepriceofthegoodsorservice）。之后举了商家向人们提供不费时间的产品和服务的例子，由此可知，人们在选择商品时，时间成本也是其中需要考虑的因素之一。选项A符合题意。

第5题:文章第一段第二句话accordingtoarecentLouisHarrissurvey,Americans’leisuretimehasshrunkby37percentinthelasttwodecades，排除选项A；文章第三段第二句话chemicalBankbeganaprogramwhereanycustomerwhohadtowaitinatellerlineformorethansevenminuteswasgiven$5，排除选项B；第三段第三句话hospitalemergencyroomsinLosGatos,California,nowoffera“NoWaiting”guarantee:Ifyouwaitlongerthanfiveminutesforemergency-roomcare,thebillingdepartmentknocks25percentoffyourbill，排除选项C。所以选项D符合题意。

16.单选题

Leonardojustdiscoveredthathispassporthad（

）threemonthsago.

问题1选项

A.constrained

B.abolished

C.amended

D.expired

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。constrain意为“强迫”；abolish意为“废除，废止”；amend意为“改良，修改”；expire意为“(因到期而)失效，到期”。

句意：Leonardo刚刚发现他的护照已经过期三个月了。

17.单选题

Atpresentratesofdemand,theworldhasenoughoilinknownandeconomicallyviablereservestolastformorethan40years,enoughgasformorethan60yearsandenoughcoalformorethan230years.Naturally,demandwillincrease;butsowillreservesascompaniesexploremorewidelyandcostsfall.Since1970viablereservesofoilhavealmostdoubledwhilethoseofgashaveleaptthree-fold.Onedistantdayadifficultsituationwillcome,butasitapproaches,fossil-fuelpriceswillrise,makingalternativeformsofenergy,perhapsincludingnuclearpower,competitive.Thatisnoreasontospendonnuclearrightnow.

Alloilshockisamoreworryingprospectdespitetoday’slowoilpriceandOPEC’spresentinabilitytobudgeitupwards.However,evenifanoilshockisarealdanger,buildingnuclearreactorsisnotagoodwaytoavertit.Ahigheroilpricewouldhavearelativelysmalleffectonthesupplyofelectricity-theonlysortofenergythatnuclearpowercannowprovide.Justoveratenthoftheworld’selectricityisgeneratedfromoil,andtheproportionhassteadilyfallensince1970.Transport,bycontrast,reliesalmostentirelyuponoil,alreadyswallowinghalftheworld’soilsupplyandlikelytotakeanevenlargerchunkinthefuture.Ifthesupplyofoilwerecutofftomorrow,billionsofpeoplewouldfindthemselvesimmobile.Relativelyfewwouldbewithoutelectricity.

Thecongestionandpollutionareseriousproblems,andtheycouldtry