考研考博-英语-厦门大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-厦门大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecountry.

问题1选项

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。inundation“洪水”；A选项muchinconvenience“很多不便”；B选项seriousconcern“高度关注”；C选项overflowofwater“水的泛滥”；D选项humanmisery“人类的苦难”。句意：暴雨在整个国家造成洪水和很多损毁。由题干中的“Heavyrains暴雨”可推知inundation在这里有“洪水”的意思，因此C选项正确。

2.单选题

Thefootballclubwill

newmembersthefirstweeknextmonth.

问题1选项

A.subscribe

B.absorb

C.register

D.recruit

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。Subscribe“签署”；absorb“吸收；吸引”；register“登记”；recruit“征募”。句意：下个月第一周这个足球俱乐部会招募新成员。选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Whereassuddengreatdisastersareinstantaneous,others,suchasdroughts,are（

）.

问题1选项

A.cumulative

B.formidable

C.eternal

D.prospective

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cumulative累积的，渐增的；formidable可怕的，强大的；eternal永恒的，不朽的；prospective预期的，未来的。句意：尽管突发的大灾难是瞬间的，然而其他灾难，比如干旱却是___。由whereas表示对比关系可知此空应选与“instantaneous即刻的，即时的”意思相反的词，故A项“累积的”符合题意，答案A

4.单选题

Cultural______indicatesthathumanbeingshandtheirlanguagesdownfromonegenerationtoanother.

问题1选项

A.translation

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transaction

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项translation“翻译”；B选项transition“转变，变迁”；C选项transmission“传播，传递”；D选项transaction“交易，业务”。根据handtheirlanguagesdownfromonegenerationtoanother可知C选项符合语义。句意：文化传播意味着人类将他们的语言代代相传。

5.单选题

Itisnotcompatiblewiththeequalitarianidealthatthereshouldbesharpdifferencesinthescaleofmonetaryrewardforservicesperformed.InNewZealand,careoftheunderdoghaslongsincebeenamoreimportantconsiderationthanisthecaseinmanyothercountries.Successivegovernmentsmayclaimwithsomejusticetohaveabolishedpoverty,butthishasnotbeendonewithouttheretakingplaceanarrowingofmarginsbetweentherewardsforskilledandunskilledlabor,withitsconsequentdenialofincentivetoacquireskill,tostriveforself-improvement.Thecountry’scitizenshavecometoregardsocialsecurityastheirinalienableright,butbytakingtooreadilyforgrantedtheState’sobligationtowardsthemselvestheyareapttolosesightoftheconversepropositionthattheythemselveshaveobligationstotheState.

Thereluctancetorewardskilledlaboratratescalculatedtoprovideanincentiveforacquiringskillhasitscounterpartinthereluctancetoremuneratethenations’bestscholarsandscientistsonascalesufficienttokeepafairproportionofthemathome.

Thefactisoftendeploredthatsomanyyoungmenofthehighestabilityprefertotakeupacareeroverseas,butitisdoubtfulwhetherhighersalarieswouldstemtheirexodusinmorethanaminordegree.Underanycircumstances,regardlessofmonetaryreward,theintellectualelitewouldbetemptedtogoabroadinsearchofawiderfieldofendeavorthancanbefoundinsosmallacountryasNewZealand.

Inasocietywheregreatwealthisregardedasantisocial,itisnaturalthatostentationshouldbelookedataskance.Marksofdistinctionareliabletobehandicap.Forinstance,thepoliticianwhoacceptsatitledoesnotusuallyimprovehischancesofgainingorretainingofficebydoingso.RichardSeddon,itwillberemembered,consistentlyanddoubtlesswisely,refusedtoacceptaknighthood.Wealthcarrieswithitaminimumofprestige;itisapositivedisadvantagetotheaspiranttoapoliticalcareer.StronglymarkedindividualityoreccentricityareseldominevidenceamongNewZealanders,andevenwheretheydoexist,thequalitiesaretoleratedratherthanappreciated.Theruleofconformityprevails,andiftheAmericanwriter,SydneyGreenbie,istobebelieved,ithasalreadyproducedaconsiderablemeasureofstandardizationamongtheinhabitantsoftheDominion.“Infaceandfeature,inmindandtaste,”writesGreenbie,“themodernNewZealandersaresomuchalikethatitishardtorememberthenamesofpersonsyoumeetcasuallyforlackofdistinguishingcharacteristicstowhichtheeyecancling.”

Underconditionssuchasthosedescribedabove,itisnotsurprisingthatnoprivilegedclassshouldhavecomeintoexistencethroughlongpossessionoflandedestateorotherpermanentsourceofincome.Nevertheless,theclaimthatNewZealandershavedevelopedaclasslesssocietycanscarcelybesubstantiated.Snobbery,whendiscouragedinonequarter,.ispronetoappearinsomenewformelsewhere.RecentinvestigationsbyA.A.CongaltonandR.J.Havighurstshowthatthereisafairlywelldefinedanduniversalappreciationofthegraduatedsocialstatusattachingtovarioussocialoccupations.Resultsofasurveyinwhichacrosssectionofthepublicwasaskedtoansweraseriesofappositequestionsshowed,forexample,thatdoctors,lawyers,andbigbusinessmenweregradedaboveheadsofGovernmentDepartments,clergymen,anduniversityprofessors;thatofficeworkersratedhigherthanshopassistants,minersthanwharflaborers,andsoon.Incidentally,theinvestigationalsobroughttolightthefactthatanyattempttoinquireintotheexistenceofsocialdistinctionswithinthecommunityinvariablyrousedresentment.

Aprivilegedclassbeingalsoaleisuredclass,itsrejectionisinkeepingwithadeep-seatedbeliefthatworkhasavirtueinitsownright,withoutregardtoitsusefulness.Inpioneerdays,whenhandswerefewandsubsistencehardtowin,itwasindeedacrimetoremainidle,andthehabitofseeingidlenessasavicehasendured.Atthebeginningofthegreatslump,whenForbesthePrimeMinister,shockedatwhatthehadseenofthe“dole”duringavisittoEngland,declaredthatsolongasheretainedofficetherewouldbenopaymentwithoutwork,hiswordsappealedtoamoralpreceptdeeplyinculcatednotonlyinthemindsofreactionariesbutofmanyradicalsaswell.

1.OneresultofNewZealand’sefforttoabolishpovertyis______.

2.Somehighabilitypeoplepreferacareeroverseasbecauseof______.

3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheNewZealandsociety?

4.NewZealandisnotaclasslesssocietyinthat______.

5.Ifpeoplebelievethatworkhasavirtueinitsownright,theywilldoallthefollowingEXCEPT______.

问题1选项

A.sharpdifferencesbetweentherichandthepoor

B.theegalitarianidealbecomesincompatible

C.careoftheunderdogbecomesmoreimportant

D.skilllearningandself-improvementarenotdesired

问题2选项

A.fiercecompetitionathome

B.highersocialstatusoverseas

C.moreopportunitiesabroad

D.monetaryrewardathome

问题3选项

A.Ostentation

B.Eccentricity

C.Individuality

D.Conformity

问题4选项

A.snobberyisdiscouragedeverywhereinNewZealand

B.peoplewithmorewealthseemtoenjoyahighsocialstatus

C.thedifferencebetweentherichandthepoorisgreat

D.NewZealandersdon’thaveapermanentsourceofincome

问题5选项

A.seeidlenessasavice

B.trytheirbestnottobeidle

C.notacceptaprivilegedclass

D.inquireintosocialdistinctions

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段第三句Successivegovernmentsmayclaimwithsomejusticetohaveabolishedpoverty,butthishasnotbeendonewithouttheretakingplaceanarrowingofmarginsbetweentherewardsforskilledandunskilledlabor,withitsconsequentdenialofincentivetoacquireskill,tostriveforself-improvement（历届政府可能会不无道理地宣称已经消除了贫困，但这一切都发生在对熟练工人和非熟练工人的报酬差距缩小的情况下，这就剥夺了人们获得技能、追求自我提高的动力）。D选项“技能学习和自我提高都不受欢迎”，文章第一段提到，消除贫困的结果就是剥夺了人们获得技能，追求自我提高的动力，D选项正确。A选项“贫富之间的巨大差异”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“照顾弱者变得更加重要”，文章所说，照顾弱者早已成为比其他许多国家更重要的考虑因素，而不是消除贫困所带来的结果，可排除。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第三段第一句Thefactisoftendeploredthatsomanyyoungmenofthehighestabilityprefertotakeupacareeroverseas,butitisdoubtfulwhetherhighersalarieswouldstemtheirexodusinmorethanaminordegree（事实往往令人遗憾的是，如此多的最有能力的年轻人宁愿在海外工作，但更高的薪水是否能阻止他们离开，而不仅仅是一个次要学位，这是值得怀疑的）。C选项“更多的机会在国外”，从文章来看，文章提到无论金钱的高低，知识精英们都会被诱惑到国外去寻找比新西兰这样一个小国更广阔的领域，也就可以推测，海外有更多的机会，C选项的内容符合文章所说。A选项“国内竞争激烈”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“海外较高的社会地位”，文章没有提到此内容，B选项可排除。D选项“国内的金钱回报”，文章所说，无论经济回报的高低，知识精英们都会被诱惑到国外去，D选项可排除。因此C选项正确。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段倒数第三句Theruleofconformityprevails,andiftheAmericanwriter,SydneyGreenbie,istobebelieved,ithasalreadyproducedaconsiderablemeasureofstandardizationamongtheinhabitantsoftheDominion.（顺从的原则占上风，如果美国作家西德尼•格林比的话可信的话，它已经在自治领居民中产生了相当程度的标准化）。D选项“遵守；符合”，从文章来看，新西兰社会中顺从原则会占上风，可推测，遵守最能描述新西兰社会，D选项正确。A选项“卖弄；虚饰”，文章没有提到这一点，A选项可排除。B选项“古怪；怪癖”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除B选项。C选项“个性；个人”，文章所说强烈的个性或怪癖在新西兰人身上很少有明显的表现，即使有，这些品质也得到容忍而不是赞赏，可排除C选项。因此D选项正确。

4.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段倒数第二句Resultsofasurveyinwhichacrosssectionofthepublicwasaskedtoansweraseriesofappositequestionsshowed,forexample,thatdoctors,lawyers,andbigbusinessmenweregradedaboveheadsofGovernmentDepartments,clergymen,anduniversityprofessors;thatofficeworkersratedhigherthanshopassistants,minersthanwharflaborers,andsoon.（医生、律师、大商人等级高于政府部门负责人、神职人员、大学教授”等一系列相关问题的调查结果显示，“医生、律师、大商人等级高于政府部门负责人、神职人员、大学教授等级”；办公室工作人员比店员得分高，矿工比码头工人得分高，等等）。也就可以推测，新西兰社会是存在着阶级关系，并且造成阶级关系明显的就是贫富差距。C选项“富人和穷人之间的差别很大”，符合文章内容，贫富差距造成的阶级关系，C选项正确。A选项“在新西兰，势利是不受欢迎的”，文章所说，势力如果被禁止，那么它就会在别的地方新出现，可排除A选项。B选项“富有的人似乎享有较高的社会地位”，文章没有提到富人会享受更高的社会地位，B选项可排除。D选项“新西兰人没有固定的收入来源”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此C选项正确。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段。D选项“探究社会差异”，文章没有提到这个内容，人们不会去探究社会的差异，D选项正确。A选项“把懒惰看成一种恶习”，可以定位到文章第六段第二句Itwasindeedacrimetoremainidle,andthehabitofseeingidlenessasavicehasendured.（整天无所事事确实是一种罪过，把无所事事视为恶习的习惯一直存在着），也就是把懒惰看成一种恶习，A选项正确。B选项“尽量不闲着”，文章第六段第一句workhasavirtueinitsownright,withoutregardtoitsusefulness.（工作本身有一种优点，不管它有没有用处），当人们把工作视为一种美德的时候，那么可推测，人们会自愿出去工作，B选项可排除。C选项“不接受特权阶级”，文章第六段第一句Aprivilegedclassbeingalsoaleisuredclass,itsrejectionisinkeepingwithadeep-seatedbelief.（特权阶级也是一个悠闲的阶级，对它的排斥与一种根深蒂固的信念是一致的），可推测如果人们去工作，便不会接受特权，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

6.单选题

（

）thatmanyanimalsseemtobehighlysensitivetovarioussignalsassociatedwithearthquakes,thebasicquestionremainsofhowthisbehaviorcanbeputtouseinearthquakeprediction.

问题1选项

A.Considering

B.Provided

C.Granted

D.Assuming

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析题。A选项的consideringthat“鉴于……，就……而论，考虑到”;B选项的providedthat“如果，条件是，倘若”；C选项的grantedthat“即使，假定”;D选项的assumingthat“假定”。根据句意‘即使许多动物似乎对于地震有关的各种信号具有高度的敏感性，根本问题仍然是如何能将此习性在预报地震中加以运用’确定C选项正确。

7.单选题

Hesaiditwasimportanttoputinthehours,butitwasnotjustthehoursthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.affected

B.counted

C.focused

D.faltered

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。affect“影响，感染，感动”；count“计算，认为，起作用，值得考虑”；focus“使集中，使聚焦”；falter“支吾地说，畏缩，蹒跚”。根据句意‘他说，投入时间是重要的，但是（

）不只是时间。’确定B选项count“起作用”正确。

8.单选题

Itistimethatsomeonemadehim（

）oftheeffectsofhisactions.

问题1选项

A.unconscious

B.aware

C.assured

D.thoughtful

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。unconscious“无意识的；失去知觉的”；aware“意识到的;知道的”；assured“确定的；自信的”；thoughtful“体贴的”。句意：应该有人使他意识到他的行为的影响了。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Thiscountry'sdevelopmentofsciencewasgreatlyunderminedforlargenumbersofscientific（）wereejectedfromtheirmotherlandsincethedictatorcameintopower.

问题1选项

A.galaxy

B.elite

C.personnel

D.swarm

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:galaxy“银河”；B:elite“精英”；C:personnel“全体人员”；D:swarm“一大群”。句意：这个国家的科学发展受到严重破坏，因为自从独裁者掌握政权，大量的科学精英就离开了故乡。由句意可知B为正确答案。

10.单选题

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks______.

问题1选项

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项legal“法律的；合法的”；B选项regulations“规则，法规”；C选项limitation“起限制作用的规则（limitationsonimports进口限制）”；D选项agreement“协定，协议”。句意：艾伦是一个优秀的足球运动员，从不违反______。根据语境，这里指的是艾伦从不违反足球比赛的规则，B选项regulations“规则”符合题意。C选项limitation强调的是限制，不符合语境。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

ItwaswithgreatdelightthatIreadinyourFebruary（）thelettertotheeditorwrittenbyProf.Johnson.

问题1选项

A.issue

B.printing

C.magazine

D.copy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:issue“（报刊或杂志）期刊”；B:printing“印刷;印刷术”；C:magazine“杂志”；D:copy“一份；复制品”。句意：非常高兴拜读了贵刊二月的一期中所登载有关约翰逊教授致编辑的信。结合此处语义，A为正确答案。

12.单选题

Understandingtheflexibilityofaprospectivepartner'snegotiateddealstermsprovidescriticalinsightintothenegotiationprocess（）whatyoucanexpecttoachieveduringthenegotiationofterms.

问题1选项

A.intermsof

B.incaseof

C.infavorof

D.inviewof

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。intermsof依据，在…方面；incaseof以免；infavorof有利于，支持；inviewof鉴于，考虑到。句意：从谈判的过程中，你期待能实现的事情的方面，了解潜在合作伙伴的谈判条件的灵活性为谈判过程提供了重要的视角。空格后的内容是谈判的一方面，故A项正确。

13.单选题

Eventhoughtheinvestigationhasbeengoingonfortwomonths,thepolicehave（）nofurtherdetailsabouttheaccident.

问题1选项

A.comprised

B.formulated

C.released

D.incorporated

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。comprised包含，由...组成；formulated构想出，规划；released发布，发行；incorporated包含，把...合并。根据句意可知警方是没有“发布”消息。故选C。

14.单选题

Readthefollowingtwolettersofajournal’seditorialhouse.

LetterOneTo:Dr.ABBrown,

Editor,Journalof...

Re:ManuscriptNumber…

Title...

Authors…

DearDr.Brown,

Thepaperdescribes…Thisisatopicwhichwouldbenefitfromadditionalworksuchasthatdescribedinthemanuscript.However,amajorconcernwiththepaperistheinterpretationandreferencingoftheliteratureintheIntroductionandDiscussion.RelatedtothisisalackofintegrationwithpreviousworktoexplainaspectsoftheMethods.Thepaperneedsre-interpretationafterathoroughinvestigationoftheliterature.Irecommendthatthepaperinitscurrentformberejectedbutbelievethatitmaybesuitableforyourjournalaftermajorrevision.

Introduction

TheIntroductionhasincorrectlycited[Brownetal.(1981.)]whoactuallyshowedthat…

Methods

FactorsrelevanttothechoiceofMethodsare:1)howoldweretheculturesthatwereused?2)Doestheageoftheculturematerialaffecttheresults?

Results

ThemainclaimbytheauthorsthattheirResultsshowedthat…isnotcorrect.Theirstatementthattheresultsshow...needscorrection.

Discussion

RelevantreferencesseemtohavebeenoverlookedinboththeIntroductionandDiscussionsections,including…

Otherqueriesandsuggestionsarepenciledonthemanuscript.

Yourssincerely,CDSmith

LetterTwoFrom:Dr.ABBrown,

Editor,Journalof...

DearDr.Zhu,

Ienclosethereferees’reportsonyourpaperentitled...Therefereesagreethatthepapercontainsmuchgoodmaterial.However,theyhaverecommendedthatitneedsconsiderablerevisionbeforeitcanbepublished.Inparticular,Idrawtoyourattentionthefollowingcommentsbythereferees.

Referee1:

TheMethodssectiondoesnotgivesufficientinformation,particularlyaboutthesamplingmethodsused.

TheresultsinTables1and2arecloselyrelatedandcanbecombinedintoasingletable.

Theconclusionthatthereisastrongpositivecorrelationbetweenthenumberoforganismsandsoilsalinityneedsastrongerstatisticalbasis.

TheresultsinFigure3areverypreliminary—thisreallyrequiresanothersurvey.Ifthisisnotpossible,theFigureshouldbedeleted.

Referee2:

ThereareinadequaciesintheMethodssection,asindicatedonthetypescript

TheDiscussionisnotwellfocusedanddoesnotincludesomeimportantrelevantpublications,e.g.Jonesetal.(2000).‘...’intheJournalof...

Theconclusionisinterestingbutcanbegreatlystrengthened.Inparticular,thefindingsaredifferentfromthoseofWalteretal.(1997)intheJournalof…,astudydoneintheUSA.TheworkinyourpaperisinfactthefirststudyofitskindoutsideEuropeandNorthAmericaandthisshouldbehighlighted.

Thereareothercommentsintheenclosedreports,andsomecorrectionshavebeenmadetotheEnglishonthetypescripts.Ifyoucanrevisethepaperalongthelinessuggestedandresubmitby...thenIwillconsideritsacceptabilityforpublicationintheJournalwithoutfurtherreferencetoreferees.

However,additionalrefereeingmaybenecessary.

Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yourssincerely,ABBrown36.ByintegratingLetterTwo,wecanfigureoutthatthewriterofLetterOneis______.

37.AccordingtoLetterOne,willthesubmittedpaperbeaccepted?

38.TworefereesbothagreethattheMethodsSectionofthepaperis______.

39.DifferentfromReferee1,Referee2alsoaddressedsomepointstobehighlightedintheConclusionSectionlike______.

40.Afterfinishinguptherequiredrevisions,thesubmittedpaperwill______.

问题1选项

A.Referee1

B.Referee2

C.Editor

D.Unclear

问题2选项

A.No.

B.Yes,withsomeminorrevision.

C.Yes,butinneedofconsiderablerevision.

D.No,suggestingtheauthortosubmittoanotherjournal.

问题3选项

A.problematicwithinadequateinformation

B.well-written

C.overlydelicate

D.notwellfocused

问题4选项

A.“Inneedofstatisticalanalysestosupportthestrongpositivecorrelation”

B.“Elaboratinguponthispart”

C.“Beingmorefocused”

D.“Stressingitspioneeringinnon-Westerncountries”

问题5选项

A.undergoanotherroundofpeerreviewing

B.bedirectlyaccepted

C.stillpossiblyreceiveadditionalrefereeing

D.notmentionedintheletter

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】36.【选项释义】

36.ByintegratingLetterTwo,wecanfigureoutthatthewriterofLetterOneis______.36.结合第二封信，我们可以得出第一封信的作者是______。

A.Referee1A.审稿人1

B.Referee2B.审稿人2

C.EditorC.编辑

D.UnclearD.不清楚

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一封信中的discussion部分提到的“在引言和讨论部分，相关的参考文献似乎都被忽略了”，以及第二封信对referee2的描述“讨论的重点不明确，也没有包括一些重要的相关出版物（relevantpublications）”，我们可以推测出第一封信的作者是referee2，因此该题选择B项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

37.【选项释义】

37.AccordingtoLetterOne,willthesubmittedpaperbeaccepted?37.根据第一封信，提交的论文会被接受吗？

A.No.A.不会。

B.Yes,withsomeminorrevision.B.是的，稍微修改了一下。

C.Yes,butinneedofconsiderablerevision.C.是的，但需要大量修改。

D.No,suggestingtheauthortosubmittoanotherjournal.D.不会，建议作者向其他杂志投稿。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】LetterOne中第一段最后一句提到“以目前的形式，我建议拒绝这篇论文（rejected），但相信经过大量修改后，它可能适合您的期刊”，可知，提交的论文会被拒绝，而且需要大量修改。因此，该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、C选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

D选项中“建议作者向其他杂志投稿”没提到，属于无中生有。

38.【选项释义】

38.TworefereesbothagreethattheMethodsSectionofthepaperis______.38.两位审稿人都同意论文的方法部分是______。

A.problematicwithinadequateinformationA.信息不足的问题

B.well-writtenB.写的很好

C.overlydelicateC.过于精细

D.notwellfocusedD.不是很关注

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据LetterTwo中两位referee对方法部分的描述，referee1认为“方法部分没有提供足够的信息（TheMethodssectiondoesnotgivesufficientinformation）”，referee2认为“方法部分有不足之处（ThereareinadequaciesintheMethodssection）”；综合理解可知，两位审稿人都认为论文方法部分信息不足，A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

C、D选项没有提及，属于无中生有。

39.【选项释义】

39.DifferentfromReferee1,Referee2alsoaddressedsomepointstobehighlightedintheConclusionSectionlike______.39.与审稿人1不同的是，审稿人2也在结论部分强调了一些要点，如______。

A.“Inneedofstatisticalanalysestosupportthestrongpositivecorrelation”A.“需要统计分析来支持强烈的正相关”

B.“Elaboratinguponthispart”B.“阐述此部分”

C.“Beingmorefocused”C.“更关注”

D.“Stressingitspioneeringinnon-Westerncountries”D.“强调其在非西方国家的开拓性”

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】定位LetterTwo中对referee2的描述，根据最后一句“你论文中的工作实际上是第一个在欧洲和北美以外（outsideEuropeandNorthAmerica）的同类研究，这一点应该得到强调（shouldbehighlighted）”，可知，审稿人2认为应该强调论文中的研究实际上是除欧洲和北美之外的关于这方面的第一个研究，D项与原文表达相同。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合原文，属于曲解原文。

40.【选项释义】

40.Afterfinishinguptherequiredrevisions,thesubmittedpaperwill______.40.完成要求的修改后，提交的论文将______。

A.undergoanotherroundofpeerreviewingA.接受另一轮同行评审

B.bedirectlyacceptedB.直接接受

C.stillpossiblyreceiveadditionalrefereeingC.还可能受到额外的审稿

D.notmentionedintheletterD.信中没有提到

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据LetterTwo最后一句“但是，可能需要额外的审稿（additionalrefereeingmaybenecessary）”，可知，按照要求修改论文后可能还有其他的审稿程序，C项与原文表达相同。因此，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项中的“同行评审”没有提到，属于无中生有；

B选项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；

D选项也属于反向干扰，文中提到了这一点。

15.单选题

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincethedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute（贫民）.OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment

（

）.

5.Whydoestheauthorsay“OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire”(Lines11-13,Para.3)（

）.

问题1选项

A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.

B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

C.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.

D.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.

问题2选项

A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.

B.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.

C.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

D.People’sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.

问题3选项

A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducation

B.anewleisureclasshasdeveloped

C.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepression

D.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem

问题4选项

A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducation

B.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupport

C.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducation

D.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment

问题5选项

A.OnlybyappropriatinganadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.

B.CitizensatallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.

C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.

D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是法定就业年龄的提高以及就业难度大等问题导致更多的人转而接受教育。但是由于经济大萧条的原因，公共机构以及社区无法为教育提供资金。作者认为只有依靠联邦救济才能解决问题。选项A“如何说服当地社区提供更多的资金”显然不符合原文；选项C“如何完善公共教育体系”不正确，本文主要涉及的是资金问题而不是教育体系的问题；选项D“如何解决日益严重的失业问题”不是本文的重点，本文的重点是解决教育资金短缺的问题，所以选项D不正确，选项B“如何解决公共教育经费短缺的问题”正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句“Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.”学校面临的主要困难是学生人数的大量增加。这是由于进入工业的法定年龄提高了，即使到了法定年龄也不可能找到工作。选项C符合原文。

第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“publicagenciesforadulteducation”定位到第二段的内容“Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.”当一切结束时，他们（成人教育公共机构）的境况也不会好多少。他们的支持必须来自纳税人。由此可知，他们的主要问题在于税收，而涉及税收的只有选项D。

第4题:判断推理题。根据最后一段中的“TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”解决失业问题的办法是联邦救济。公共教育问题的答案可能必须也是一样的，而且确实如此。由此可推断，联邦政府应该为公共教育筹集联邦资金。选项A正确。

第5题:判断推理题。这句话的意思是“只有一个决心毁灭下一代的民族才会拒绝接受公共教育可能需要的联邦资金”，也就是说只有拨出足够的联邦资金来扶持教育，我们的下一代才能有光明的前途。选项A正确；选项B中的“Citizensatallpartsofthecountry”表述错误，这个观点只是作者提出的，原文也没有提及全体公民都同意这一观点；选项C“为了下一代的利益，全国人民应该为教育做出贡献”不符合原文，作者的观点是联邦资金扶持教育而不是全国人民作出贡献；选项D“受过教育的人决心用联邦基金的一部分来帮助穷人”在文中没有信息涉及，所以不正确。

16.翻译题

II.(本题3段，每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.The