2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第一套)

2018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版)第页目录TOC\o"1-1"\h\u4702018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版) 17379答案 152018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版)PartIWriting(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanashorteasyontheimportanceofspeakingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions1to2arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.1.A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsowner'sdaughter.B)ANewHampshireman'sjokewithfriendsonhiswife.C)Afather'smessageforhisdaughter.D)Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.2.A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.B)Shewantedtohonorherfather'spromise.C)Shehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.D)Shewasexcitedtoseeherfather'shandwriting.Questions3to4arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard。3.A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.B)SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.C)Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.D)Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebeefarms.4.A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.B)Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.C)Itlostahugestockofbees.D)Itlost2.5milliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewreportyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.B)Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.C)Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.D)Itmadeaseriesofsharpturnsinthesky.6.A)Engineeringproblems. C)Inadequatefunding.B)Theairpollutionitproduced. D)Theoppositionfromthemilitary.7.A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.B)Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.C)Itisasafermeansoftransportation.D)Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.B)Itsoundsquitealarming.C)Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.D)Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.9.A)Themandoesn'tunderstandSpanish.B)Thewomandoesn'treallylikedancing.C)Theydon'twantsomethingtoonoisy.D)Theycan'tmakeittothetheatreintime.10.A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.B)Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudience’sattention.C)Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.D)Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.11.A)Watchacomedy. C)Booktheticketsonline.B)Goandseethedance. D)Seeafilmwiththeman.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Mostofherschoolmatesareyoungerthansheis.B)Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.C)Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.D)Sheworriesshewon'tfitinasatransferstudent.13.A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.B)Pickupsomemeaningfulhobbies.C)Participateinafter-schoolactivities.D)Lookintowhattheschooloffers.14.A)Giveherhelpwheneversheneedsit.B)Acceptherasatransferstudent.C)Findheraccommodationoncampus.D)Introducehertoherroommates.15.A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lee's.B)ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.C)ShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.D)Shehasjusttransferredtothecollege.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpacts,onhealth.B)Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.C)Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.D)Todeterminewhatfeelingsmicehave.17.A)Whentheyarehungry. C)Whentheysmellfood.B)Whentheyarethirsty. D)Whentheywantcompany.18.A)Theysearchforfoodingroups.B)Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.C)Theyprefertobewithothermice.D)Theyenjoythecompanyofotheranimals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.B)Itsconstructioncostmorethan$40billion.C)Itisefficientlyusedfortransport.D)Itisoneofthebestintheworld.20.A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.B)Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.C)Toenablepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.D)Tospeedupthetransportationofgoods.21.A)Inthe1970s. C)Inthe1950s.B)Inthe1960s. D)Inthe1940s.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Chattingwhiledriving.B)Messagingwhiledriving.C)Drivingunderage.D)Speedingonhighways.23.A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.B)Agadgettochargethephoneinacar.C)Adevicetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.D)Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.24.A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.B)Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.C)Theyarealertedwithalightandasound.D)Theygetawarningontheirsmartphone.25.A)Installingacamera. C)Checkingtheiremails.B)Usingaconnectedapp. D)Keepingadailyrecord.PartⅢ ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AnofficetoweronMillerStreetinManchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthetowerwasfirst(26)_______in1962，itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas(27)_______.Duringthisrenovationthebuilding'sowners,CIS，(28)_______thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2004，thecompletedCIStowerbecameEurope'slargest(29)_______ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge(30)_______hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendonebefore,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe“10bestgreenenergyprojects”.Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetallestbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas(31)_______overtakenbytheMillbankTower.Greenbuildingslikethisaren't(32)_______cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy(33)_______throughfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget(34)_______，theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels，collectingenergymuchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasn'taraceof(35)_______，butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimensionH)discovered I)eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)scaleO)undertakenSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.AsTouristsCrowdOutLocals,VeniceFaces“Endangered”List[A]Onarecentfallmorning,alargecrowdblockedthestepsatoneofVenice'smaintouristsites,theRialtoBridge.TheRialtoBridgeisoneofthefourbridgesspanningtheGrandCanal.Itistheoldestbridgeacrossthecanal,andwasthedividinglinebetweenthedistrictsofSanMarcoandSanPolo.Butonthisday,therewasatwist：itwasfilledwithVenetians,nottourists.[B]“Peoplearecheeringandholdingtheircartsintheair,saysGiovanniGiorgio,whohelpedorganizethemarchwithagrass-rootsorganizationcalledGenerazione90.Thecartshereferstoaresmallshoppingcarts—thesymbolofatrueVenetian.“Itstartedasajoke,”hesayswithalaugh.“Theideawastoputbladesonthewheels!Youknow?LikeBenHur.Preciselylikethat,youjustgoaroundandrunpeopledown.''[C]Veniceisoneofthehottesttouristdestinationsintheworld.Butthat'saproblem.Upto90,000touristscrowditsstreetsandcanalseveryday—faroutnumberingthe55,000permanentresidents.Thetouristincreaseisonekeyreasonthecity'spopulationisdownfrom175,000inthe1950s.TheoutnumberedVenetianshavebeensteadilyfleeing.Andthosewhostickaroundaretiredoflivinginaplacewheretheycan'tevengettothemarketwithoutswimmingthroughaseaofpicture-snappingtourists.Imagine,navigatingthrough50,000peoplewhileonthewaytoschoolortowork.[D]LauraChigi,agrandmotheratthemarch,saysthelocalandnationalgovernmentshavefailedtodoanythingaboutthecrowdsfordecades,becausethey'reonlyinterestedintourism—theprimaryindustryinVenice,worthmorethan$3billionin2015.“Veniceisacashcow,”shesays,“andeveryonewantsapiece.''[E]JustbeyondSt.Mark’sSquare,acruiseshippasses,oneofhundredseveryyearthatappearovertheirmedieval(中世纪的）surroundings.Theirmassivewakecreatswavesatthebottomofthesea,weakeningthefoundationsofthecenturies-oldbuildingsthemselves.“EverytimeIseeacruiseship,Ifeelsad,”Chigisays.“Youseethemuditdrags；thedestructionitleavesinitswake?Thathurtstheancientwoodenpolesholdingupthecityunderwater.Onedaywe'11seeVenicebreakdown.n[F]Foratime,UNESCO,theculturalwingoftheUnitedNations,seemedtoagree.Twoyearsago,itputItalyonnotice,sayingthegovernmentwasnotprotectingVenice.UNESCOconsiderstheentirecityaWorldHeritageSite,agreathonorthatmeansVenice,attheculturallevel,belongstoallo£theworld'speople.In2014,UNESCOgaveItalytwoyearstomanageVenice,sflourishingtourismorthecitywouldbeplacedonanotherlist—WorldHeritageInDanger,joiningsuchsitesasAleppoandPalmyra,destroyedbythewarinSyria.[G]Venice'sdeadlinepassedwithbarelyamurmur(嘟口农)thissummer,justasUNESCOwasmeetinginIstanbul.Onlyonerepresentative,JadTabetfromLebanon,triedtoraisetheissue.“Forseveralyears,thesituationofheritageinVenicehasbeenworsening,andithasnowreachedadramaticsituation,”TabettoldUNESCO.“Wehavetoactquickly,thereisnotamomenttowaste.''[H]ButUNESCOdidn'tevenholdavote.“It'sbeenpostponeduntil2017，''saysAnnaSomers,thefounderandCEOofTheArtNewspaperandtheformerheadofVeniceinPeril,agroupdevotedtorestoringVenetianart.ShesaysthemainreasontheU.N.culturalorganizationdidn'tvotetodeclareVeniceaWorldHeritageSiteInDangerisbecauseUNESCOhasbecome“intenselypoliticized.Therewouldhavebeensomeback-roomnegotiations.[I]ItalyboastsmoreUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesthananyothercountryintheworld,grantingitconsiderablepowerandinfluencewithintheorganization.TheformerheadoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageCentre,whichoverseesheritagesites,isFrancescoBandarin,aVenetianwhonowservesasUNESCO'sassistantdirector-generalforculture.[J]Earlierthisyear,ItalysignedanaccordwithUNESCOtoestablishataskforceofpoliceartdetectivesandarchaeologists(考古学家）toprotectculturalheritagefromnaturaldisastersandterrorgroups,suchasISIS.TheaccordunderlinedItaly'sglobalreputationasagoodstewardofartandculture.[K]ButaddingVenicetotheUNESCOendangeredlist—whichisdominatedbysitesindevelopingandconflict-riddencountries—wouldbeaninternationalembarrassment,andcouldevenhurtItaly'sprofitabletourismindustry.TheItalianCultureMinistrysaysitisunawareofanygovernmenteffortstopressureUNESCO.Asfortheorganizationitself,itdeclinedarequestforaninterview.[L]Thecity'scurrentmayor,LuigiBrugnaro,hasridiculedUNESCOandtoldittominditsownbusiness,whilecontinuingtosupportthecruiseshipindustry,whichemploys5,000Veniceresidents.[M]AsforVenetians,they'rebeyondfrustratedandhopingforasolutionsoon.“It'sanightmareforme.Somesituationsarereallydifficultwithtouristsaround，”saysGiorgioashenavigatesaroundaswellingcrowdattheRialtoBridge.“Therearejustsomanyofthem.Theyneverknowwheretheyaregoing,anddonotwalkinanorderlymanner.Navigatingthestreetscanbeexhausting.”[N]Thenithitshim:Thiscrowdisn'tmadeupoftourists.They'reVenetians.Giorgiosayshe’sneverexperiencedtheRialtoBridgethiswayinallhis22years.“Foronce,wearetheoneswhoareblockingthetraffic，”hesaysdelightedly.“Itfeelsunreal.Itfeelslikewe'resomeformofendangeredspecies.It'sjustnice.Thefeelingisjustpure.nBut,heworries,iftourismisn'tmanagedandhisfellowlocalscontinuetomovetothemainland,hisgenerationmightbethelastwhocancallthemselvesnativeVenetians.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.ThepassingcruiseshipswillunderminethefoundationsoftheancientbuildingsinVenice.37.TheItaliangovernmenthasjustreachedanagreementwithUNESCOtotakemeasurestoprotectitsculturalheritage.38.TheheritagesituationinVenicehasbeendeterioratinginthepastfewyears.39.ThedecreaseinthenumberofpermanentresidentsinVeniceismainlyduetotheincreaseoftourists.40.Iftourismgetsoutofcontrol,nativeVenetiansmaydesertthecityaltogetheroneday.41.UNESCOurgedtheItaliangovernmenttoundertakeitsresponsibilitytoprotectVenice.42.TheparticipantsintheVenetianmarchusedshoppingcartstoshowtheywere100%localresidents.43.IgnoringUNESCO'swarning,themayorofVenicemaintainshissupportofthecity'stourismindustry.44.OnewomansaysthatfordecadestheItaliangovernmentandlocalauthoritieshaveonlyfocusedontherevenuesfromtourism.45.UNESCOhasnotyetdecidedtoputVeniceonthelistofWorldHeritageSitesInDanger.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Weknowtheriskofdementia(痴呆症)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn'tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50，it'squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomen'sHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavoritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon'trememberevenseeingit,that'sfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that's“aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved”.Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrowaveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou'vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn'tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpressure,ordepression,aswellasmedications(药物)likeantidepressants.Youdon'thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain'scognitive(认知的）reserve,Daffnersays.“Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,”hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn'tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslips?A)Notallofthemaresymptomsofdementia.B)Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.C)Notallofthemarerelatedtoone'sage.D)Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.47.Whathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassage?A)Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.B)Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.C)Communicationwithinourbrainweakens.D)Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.48.Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriously?A)Totallyforgettinghowtodoone'sdailyroutines.B)Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone'slifeexperiences.C)Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.D)Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone'sfriends.49.Whatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowup?A)Checkthebrain'scognitivereserve.B)Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.C)Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.D)Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.50.WhatisDr.Daffner'sadviceforcombatingmemoryloss?A)Havingregularphysicalandmentalcheckups.B)Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone'sbrain.C)Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.D)Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(档案馆）bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.“Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing，”saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives.“Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern(实习生），fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,”andtheinternputtheletterback.“Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.”Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian'sproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition，inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrainedmuseumstaffforsolong.“Itwasl