高考英语复习非谓语动词课件

Non-finiteVerbsNon-finiteVerbstheInfinitives(不定式)theGerunds(动名词)theParticiples(分词)TheInfinitivestheInfinitives1.动词不定式的功能2.不带to的动词不定式3.动词不定式的时态和语态4.疑问代词/副词+不定式结构动词不定式的功能1.动词不定式的功能1)作主语2)作表语3)作宾语

4)作宾语补足语5)作定语6)作状语predicativesubjectobjectobjectcomplementattributiveadverbial动词不定式作主语不定式做主语的时候,常常用it代替它作形式主语,不定式放在谓语之后。

e.g.Itwouldbewrongforhertomarryformoney.

动词不定式作表语1)betodo

a.表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事

e.g.Sheistostarttheperformancenextmonth.

b.表示可能性,必要、责任、义务、禁止等。

e.g.Nobodyistoknowthedecisionmadeinthemeetingtoday.

betodovs.begoingto?动词不定式作表语betodo:

表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事

e.g.Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)begoingto:

表示主观的打算或计划

e.g.I

amgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.

明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排)动词不定式作表语2)用于被动语态tobedone,相当于can(could),should,oughtto,must具有情态意义。

e.g.Thiskindofskirtisnowheretobefoundthisyear.=Thiskindofskirtcannotbefoundthisyear.动词不定式作宾语1)P53.1)v.+todo2)feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider,regard等动词后

v.

+it+adj./n./prep.phrase+todosth.

e.g.Ibelieveitbesttoleavethewholemattertohisdiscretion.

3)about/but/except/save/than+todo

e.g.Theywereabouttoleavewhenthephonerang.(beaboutto表示即将发生的动作,在时间上指最近的将来。)动词不定式作宾语3)about/but/except/insteadof/save/than+todo

e.g.Ihavenochoicebuttogiveup.

我别无选择,只能放弃。

Hewantednothingbuttostaythere.他只想待在那儿，别的什么都不想。Note:如果句中的except或but之前有实义动词do或help的限定形式或非限定形式，其宾语为不带to的不定式

e.g.Theoldman’ssondidnothingbutplaygames.动词不定式作宾语补足语v.+sb.+todosth.(动词详见P6)

e.g.Youcancounton

himtohelp.你可以指望他帮忙。Note:

hope,suggest,demand后只接从句,不接sb.todo形式。

e.g.Isuggesthimnottovisitthemuseumduringtheweekend.Isuggestthathe(should)notvisitthemuseumduringtheweekend.×√动词不定式作定语1)不定式动词为不及物动词,其后须有相应介词e.g.Shehasachildtotakecareof.2)不定式修饰therebe结构的主语。P63)有时表示同位关系。P64)修饰作主语的名词,表示动作即将发生。P65)thefirst/thesecond/thelast/thebest/theonlyone+todo

e.g.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.动词不定式作状语WhichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsdoesNOTexpressRESULT?

A.Heracedthroughthelivingroom,onlytofindthefrontdoorclosed.B.Shewouldn’tbeso

careless

asto

forgetherluggage.C.Hehesitatedsoastochoosetherightword.D.Hisindifferenceissuchastomakeonedespair.动词不定式作状语1)表目的,inorderto,soasto(只用于句中或句尾)Note:

soastovs.so...astovs.suchastosoasto=inordertoe.g.WegotupearlythismorningsoasnottomissthefirsttraintoLondon.=WegotupearlythismorninginordernottomissthefirsttraintoLondon.表目的动词不定式作状语so+

adj./adv.

+asto=suchastoe.g.Hespokesoeloquentlyastomovealloftheaudiencetotears.=Hespokesuchastomovealloftheaudiencetotears.如此......以至于......表结果TheGerundstheGerunds1.动名词的功能2.动名词的时态和语态3.动名词的复合结构4.动名词和不定式做宾语的区别动名词的功能1.动名词的功能1)作主语2)作表语3)作动词宾语

4)作介词宾语5)作定语动名词作主语1)Itis+adj./n.+doingsth.

(adj./n.详见P15)

e.g.Itisnouse

cryingoverspiltmilk.2)Thereisnodoingsth.=Itisimpossibletodo.

e.g.Thereisnotrustingsuchaman.Note:todovs.doingTofinishtheprojectinonemonthisimpossible.Beingpoorisnodisgrace.todo:主语表示的是某个具体情况时doing:多表示抽象的,

普遍的概念P16动名词2.作表语P16

e.g.Heraimiseverybodyfindingtherightpartner.3.做动词宾语

1)

v.+doingsth.P16

e.g.Thesenatordeniedevermakingsuchastatement.

2)allow/advise/permit/recommend+doing

allow/advise/permit/recommend+sb.todo动名词作介词宾语4.作介词宾语

1)prep.+doingsth.

e.g.Hissistertooktoknitting

inhersparetime.

2)fortheretobe

e.g.Fortheretobe

somanypeopleatthesquarewasunusual.

oftherebeinge.g.What’sthechanceoftherebeingageneralelectionthisyear?5.作定语P17

e.g.Whodoyouthinkwillwinthesinging

competition?like,esp.afterknowingsth.foronlyashorttime动名词的时态和语态1.动名词的时态P171)一般时

doing2)完成时havingdone2.动名词的被动语态P17

e.g.Iheardofhishavingbeenchosen

tobethenewdirectorofthecompany.Note:need/want(需要)/deserve/repay/require/beworth+doingsth.主动表被动

e.g.Thisroomwantscleaningup.动名词的复合结构3.动名词的复合结构

句子不能体现动名词动作的执行者，需加逻辑主语：n./pron.的所有格或通格(即主格和宾格)+doing.注：

当逻辑主语是单个有生命的单词，用所有格

e.g.Mary’srefusingtocomeisoutofourexpectation.

Hissonwinningthefirstprize