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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古机电职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill(

)totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

问题1选项

A.confine

B.conform

C.confront

D.confirm

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confine“限制;禁闭”;conform“符合;遵守;适应环境(后面一般跟介词to)”;confront“面对;遭遇;比较(为及物动词)”;confirm“确认;证实;批准(及物动词)。句意:特定文化下的绝大部分人会遵守那种文化已建立的标准。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Onlyaselectednumberoflandladiesintheneighborhoodhavebeenallowedbytheuniversitytotakein(

).

问题1选项

A.lodgers

B.residents

C.settlers

D.inhabitants

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。lodger房客;residents居民;settler移民;inhabitant居民。句意:附近只有少数被挑选的女房东被该大学允许租房给学生。A项符合句意,答案A。

3.单选题

Traditionally,pollination(授粉)bywindhasbeenviewedasareproductiveprocessmarkedbyrandomeventsinwhichthevagariesofthewindarecompensatedforbythegenerationofvastquantitiesofpollen,sothattheultimateproductionofnewseedsisassuredattheexpenseofproducingmuchmorepollenthanisactuallyused.Becausethepotentialhazardspollengrainsaresubjecttoastheyaretransportedoverlongdistancesareenormous,wind-pollinatedplantshave,intheviewabove,compensatedfortheensuinglossofpollenthroughhappenstancebyvirtueofproducinganamountofpollenthatisonetothreeordersofmagnitudegreaterthantheamountproducedbyspeciespollinatedbyinsects.

However,anumberoffeaturesthatarecharacteristicofwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste.Forexample,manywind-pollinatedspeciesfailtoreleasepollenwhenwindspeedsareloworwhenhumidconditionsprevail.Recentstudiessuggestanotherwayinwhichspeciescompensatefortheinefficiencyofwindpollination.Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.Thespeedanddirectionoftheairflowdisturbancescancombinewiththephysicalpropertiesofaspecies’pollentoproduceaspecies-specificpatternofpollencollisiononthesurfacesoffemalereproductiveorgans.Providedthatthesesurfacesarestrategicallylocated,theconsequencesofthiscombinationcansignificantlyincreasethepollen-captureefficiencyofafemalereproductiveorgan.

Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.Acompleteresolutionofthequestionisasyetimpossiblesinceadaptationmustbeevaluatedforeachspecieswithinitsownuniquefunctionalcontext.However,itmustbesaidthat,whileevidenceofsuchevolutionaryadaptationsdoesexistinsomespecies,onemustbecarefulaboutattributingmorphologytoadaptation.Forexample,thespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonovule-bearingpinecones,wherethefemalereproductiveorgansofconifersarelocated,isimportanttotheproductionofairflowpatternsthatspiraloverthecone'ssurfaces,therebypassingairbornepollenfromonescaletothenext.However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.Therefore,thespiralarrangementisnotlikelytobetheresultofadirectadaptationtowindpollination.

62.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing______.

63.Accordingtothepassage,the“aerodynamicenvironments”mentionedinparagraph2,whentheyareproduced,areprimarilydeterminedbythe______.

64.Thepassagesuggeststhattherecentstudiescitedinparagraph2havenotdonewhichofthefollowing?

65.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheclaimthatthespiralarrangementofscale-bractcomplexesonanovule-bearingpineconeisanadaptationtowindpollinationwouldbemoreconvincingifwhichofthefollowingweretrue?

问题1选项

A.thecurrentdebateonwhetherthemorphologicalattributesofwind-pollinatedplantsareevolutionaryadaptations

B.thekindsofairflowpatternsthatpermitwind-pollinatedplantstocapturepollenmostefficiently

C.thewaysinwhichthereproductiveprocessesofwind-pollinatedplantsarecontrolledbyrandomevents

D.arecentlyproposedexplanationofawayinwhichwind-pollinatedplantsreducepollenwaste

问题2选项

A.presenceofinsectsneartheplant

B.physicalpropertiesoftheplant’spollen

C.shapeoftheplant’sfemalereproductiveorgans

D.amountofpollengeneratedbytheplant

问题3选项

A.Madeanydistinctionsbetweendifferentspeciesofwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Demonstratedthatthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplantsareusuallyevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollination.

C.Indicatedthegeneralrangewithinwhichplant-generatedairflowdisturbancesareapttooccur.

D.Includedinvestigationsofthephysicsofpollenmotionanditsrelationshiptotheefficientcaptureofpollenbythefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedplants.

问题4选项

A.Suchanarrangementoccurredonlyinwind-pollinatedplants.

B.Suchanarrangementoccurredinvascularplantsasawhole.

C.Suchanarrangementcouldbeshowntobebeneficialtopollenrelease.

D.Thenumberofbractscouldbeshowntohaveincreasedovertime.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】62.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】中心主旨题。题干意思是“这篇文章的作者主要是讨论……”。文章首先提出风媒传粉这一个繁殖过程,随后提出风媒传粉植物的一些特征减少了花粉的浪费并对其特征做出了论述,第三段则举例证明风媒传粉物种的雌性生殖器官的形态属性是对风媒传粉的进化适应这个问题还没有解决。通读全文可知,作者在文章中主要讨论的还是最近提出的关于风媒传粉能够减少花粉浪费这一解释,所以D项“一种最近提出的关于风媒传粉植物减少花粉浪费的解释”正确。A项“目前关于风媒传粉植物的形态属性是否是进化适应的争论”、B项“气流模式的种类允许风媒植物捕获花粉最有效”和C项“风媒传粉植物的繁殖过程受随机事件控制的方式”都只是文中提及的一部分。因此,该题选择D项正确。

63.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据文章,当第2段提到的‘空气动力环境’被生产时,它们主要是由______决定的”。根据题干关键词可以定位到第二段第三句Thesestudiessuggestthatspeciesfrequentlytakeadvantageofthephysicsofpollenmotionbygeneratingspecificaerodynamicenvironmentswithintheimmediatevicinityoftheirfemalereproductiveorgans.(这些研究表明,物种经常利用花粉运动的物理特性,在其雌性生殖器官附近产生特定的空气动力环境),结合第四句Itisthemorphologyoftheseorgansthatdictatesthepatternofairflowdisturbancesthroughwhichpollenmusttravel.(正是这些器官的形态决定了花粉必须通过的气流扰动的模式)可知,当空气动力环境产生时,雌性生殖器官的形态决定了这些气流的模式,所以C项“植物雌性生殖器官的形状”正确。A项“植物附近有昆虫”和D项“植物产生的花粉量”没提到,B项“植物花粉的物理特性”是空气动力环境的产生因素而并不是决定因素。因此,该题选择C项正确。

64.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“这篇文章暗示了第二段中引用的最近的研究没有完成以下哪一项?”。文章第二段描述了最近的研究得到的结果,而第三段对这个研究提出了问题,第一句指出Acriticalquestionthatremainstobeanswerediswhetherthemorphologicalattributesofthefemalereproductiveorgansofwind-pollinatedspeciesareevolutionaryadaptationstowindpollinationoraremerelyfortuitous.(一个有待回答的关键问题是,风媒传粉物种的雌性生殖器官的形态属性是对风媒传粉的进化适应还是仅仅是偶然的。),由此可以推断,第二段中引用的最近的研究并没有对风媒传粉植物雌性生殖器官的形态属性是对风媒传粉的进化适应提供有力的证明,所以B项“证明风媒传粉植物雌性生殖器官的形态属性通常是对风媒传粉的进化适应”符合题意。A项“对不同种类的风媒传粉植物进行了区分”、C项“表示植物产生的气流扰动易于发生的一般范围”和D项“包括对花粉运动的物理性质及其与风媒传粉植物雌性生殖器官有效捕捉花粉的关系的调查”都不是这个研究存在的问题。因此,该题选择B项正确。

65.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中可以推断出,如果下列哪一个是正确的,那么关于含有胚珠的松球的鳞苞综合体的螺旋状排列是对风授粉的适应的这种主张将更有说服力?”。根据文章倒数第二句However,thesepatternscannotbeviewedasanadaptationtowindpollinationbecausethespiralarrangementoccursinanumberofnon-wind-pollinatedplantlineagesandisregardedasacharacteristicofvascularplants,ofwhichconifersareonlyonekind,asawhole.(然而,这些模式不能被看作是对风媒传粉的适应,因为螺旋排列发生在许多非风媒传粉的植物谱系中,并被认为是维管植物的特征,而针叶树只是维管植物的一种。)可知,含有胚珠的松球的鳞苞综合体的螺旋状排列不能被看作是对风媒传粉的适应是因为螺旋排列发生在许多非风媒传粉的植物谱系中,那么可以反推,如果螺旋排列只发生在风媒传粉的植物中,这些模式就能被看作是对风媒传粉的适应,故A项“这种排列只发生在风媒传粉的植物中”正确。B项“这种排列在维管植物中作为一个整体出现”错误,维管植物是非风媒传粉的植物。C项“这样的排列可以被证明是有利于花粉释放”和D项“苞片的数量会随着时间的推移而增加”不符合题干,且在文中不能推断出来。因此,该题选择A项正确。

4.翻译题

Scientistsaresearchingforwaystodestroynuclearweaponsinspace-tomakenuclearweaponspowerlessandnolongeruseful.Thishasbecomeknownas"StarWars".(1).SupportersoftheStarWardefensesystemhopethatthiswouldnotonlyprotectanationagainstanactualnuclearattack,butwouldbeenoughofathreattokeepanuclearwarfromeverhappening.

(2).OpponentsofStarWarsareworriedthatsuchasystemmightintroducenuclearweaponsintoouterspaceandmightnotcompletelyprotectthenationagainstattack.Somemissilesmight"leakthrough"theStarWarsdefenses.Orthecomputersthatrunthesystemmightnotworkproperly.Suchadefensesystem,theysay,mightalsobeusedtoattackothers.Anditmightnotstopthebuildupofground-basednuclearweapons.

Hopefully,anuclearwarwillneverbegin.But,insuchanevent,couldpeoplereallyprotectthemselves?SupportersofStarWarsbelievethatlaserweaponsarethekeytodefense.(3).Butcanlaserbeamsbedevelopedinsuchawaytodestroyattackingmissilesinspace?Lasersarenotnew.Theyhavebeenaroundforover25years.Theyinvolvethefollowingprocess:(4).Atomsofcertainsubstancesarestimulated,orexcited,byaburstofenergyfromoutside.Theexcitedatomsthenproducewavesoflight.Theselightwavestravelupanddownalaserrodandexcite,orstimulate,otheratoms.Whenaparticularenergylevelisreached,thelaserrodproducesastrong,narrowbeamofradiation.Mostlasersgiveoffvisiblelight,buttheycanbebuilttoproduceheatradiationorevenX-rayradiation.

Becauseoftheintensityandnarrownessoftheirbeams,laserscanbeputtothousandsofuses.Laserbeamshavebeenbouncedoffthemoon.Theycancutthroughdiamondorsteel.Theyareusedbydoctorsfordelicatesurgery-suchasrepairingdamagedeyes.Andlasersarealsousedasweapons.(5).Theycangiveartilleryanaccuracyassharpasthepointofapin.Theycanalso"blind"electronicsystemsinplanes,tanksandships.Thismeansthatthoseelectronicsystemscannolongereffectivelyfindanddestroytheirtargets.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】1.星球大战防御系统的支持者希望这不仅能使一个国家免受真正的核攻击,而且还足以形成一种威慑,使得核战争永远不会发生。

2.星球大战计划的反对者则担心此系统可能会将核武器引进外太空,而且可能也不能完全保护该国家免受核武器的攻击。

3.但是,能以这种方式把激光束发展到可以摧毁太空中的攻击导弹吗?

4.特定物质的原子受到外界爆发的能量的刺激或激发。然后,这些被激发的原子就产生光波。

5.它们可以使大炮的误差精确到大头针针尖的大小。它们也可以使飞机、坦克和军舰上的电子系统处于"失明"状态。

5.单选题

Correctideasarenot()inthemind,butcomefromsocialpractice.

问题1选项

A.learned

B.friendly

C.imparted

D.innate

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项learned“博学的,有学问的”;B选项friendly“友好的,亲切的”;C选项imparted“给予的,授予的”;D选项innate“先天的,固有的”,句意:正确的思想不是头脑中固有的,而是来源于社会实践。由选项意思和句意可知,D选项符合句意。

6.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandtranslateitintoChinese.

1.Uponlearningofthisculturalpreference,Hallmarkreactedquickly.EventhoughChineseandJapanesedescendantsofRomeoandJulietarenowabletobuygreetingcardsintheirnativelanguage,HallmarkhasmadesurethesupplyofgreetingcardsinEnglishisplentiful.Thus,theircustomerscanachievebothadisplayoftheirhipcosmopolitanflair,whilealsosendingtheirsweetiethatall-importantmessageofloveatthesametime.

2.Englishasalinguafrancaisnothingmorethanausefultool:itisa“languageforcommunication”,amediumthatisgivensubstancewiththedifferentnational,regional,localandindividualculturalidentitiesitsspeakersbringtoit.Englishitselfdoesnotcarrysuchidentities,anditisnota“languageforidentification”.AndbecauseofthevarietyoffunctionalusesofglobalEnglish,Englishhasalsoagreatpotentialforpromotinginternationalunderstanding.Itsdifferentspeakersmustalwaysworkoutacommonbehaviouralandinterculturalbasis.

【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后,霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡,但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样,他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光,同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。

2.作为一种通用语,英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”,是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特色的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份,它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且,由于全球英语功能用法的多样性,英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。

7.单选题

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence()abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

问题1选项

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。soared“飘升”;mutated“变化;突变”;plummeted“骤降”;fluctuated“波动”,根据lowestlevel“最低水平”可知此处应该填plummeted。句意:根据最近的报告,消费者信任度上个月惊人的……15个点,达到九年中最低值。故正确答案为选项C。

8.单选题

Theconceptofthepatient[A]asfirstandforemostanindividualwillbereplacedbyageneric“patient”[B]whoevenmoregeneric“qualityoflife”isdeterminednotbyindividualqualitiesandrelationships[C]butbyaflowchart.Insteadofdying[D]surroundedbyfriendsandfamily,wewillbesurroundedbypaper—andlawyers.

问题1选项

A.asfirstandforemost

B.who

C.butby

D.surrounded

【答案】B

【解析】考查关系词用法。B选项处who引导定语从句修饰先行词patient,但关系词后又有名词“qualityoflife”,因此关系词应该在从句中充当定语的成分,应把who改为whose。

9.单选题

Ifeelthathissubjectgainsalotfromtheattractive(

)ofthematter.

问题1选项

A.presentation

B.preparation

C.preference

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。presentation“展示,陈述”;preparation“预备,准备”;preference“偏爱,倾向,优先权”;potential“潜能,可能性”。

句意:我觉得他的话题从他对问题吸引人的陈述方式中获益很多。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

问题1选项

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“contribution”,意为“贡献,捐款”;B选项“occupation”,意为“占有权,职业”;C选项“expostulation”意为“劝导,忠告”;D选项“amendment”,意为“改善,修正建议”。句意:她建议讨论的修正案是基于最新的医学研究。因此,D选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Singaporehasonly226squaremilesofkind,butitstandsforemostamongthenationsofSouthEastAsiainhaving().

问题1选项

A.anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%

B.maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%

C.maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate

D.6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子结构辨析。A选项anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%“经济年均增长保持在6%以上”;B选项maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%“保持年均经济增长6倍以上”;C选项maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate“经济增速保持在6%以上”;D选项6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained“经济保持年均6%的增长速度”。句意:新加坡只有226平方英里的土地,但它在东南亚国家中拥有重要的地位……,结合句意,可知选项C正确。

12.单选题

12.

问题1选项

A.Heishavingagoodtime.

B.Heisverymuchlikehisoldbicycle.

C.Hewillbuyanewbicyclerightaway.

D.Hewouldratherbuyanewbicyclelater.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Carl,yourbicycleistooold,it’snotsafetoride.

M:Yeah!IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butallingoodtime.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【解析】男士说:IthinkIneedtobuyanewone,butitwillgowithtime(我考虑买新车,但这需要时间)。

13.单选题

Theboyseemedmore()totheirpovertyafterseeinghowhisgrandparentslived.

问题1选项

A.reconciled

B.consolidated

C.deteriorated

D.attributed

【答案】A

【解析】Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE

固定搭配。reconcileto甘心,接受;attributedto归因于。consolidate和deteriorated为及物动词。句意:在看到祖父母的生活后,这个男孩似乎更能接受他们的贫穷了。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

AttemptstousesophisticatedIT-basedsystemstohelptosolvetheproblemoftenseemmerelyto________it.

问题1选项

A.aggravate

B.deviate

C.emphasize

D.simplify

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.aggravate加重,使恶化B.deviate偏离,违背

C.emphasize强调,着重D.simplify简化,使简易

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】本句主语为“试图(Attempts)使用基于信息技术的复杂系统”,使用这种系统的目的为“来帮助解决问题(solvetheproblem)”。空格处与下文的it构成动宾逻辑,it指代的是“problem(问题)”,表示这种尝试会对问题的解决造成什么结果。“merely(只是,只不过)”说明使用复杂系统并不能帮助解决问题,可进一步推断出反而会导致问题加重。aggravate指使糟糕或不愉快的情况恶化,因此A选项aggravate“加重,使恶化”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项deviate“偏离,违背”指以不同于通常或预期的方式做某事,题干说的是“使问题恶化”,而不是“偏离原来的做法”;

C选项emphasize“强调,着重”指表示某事特别重要或特别引人注目,不能和“解决问题(solvetheproblem)”相对应;

D选项simplify“简化,使简易”指使某事更容易做或简单易懂,与题干语义相矛盾,应该是“更严重”而不是“更简单”。

【句意】使用基于信息技术的复杂系统来帮助解决问题的尝试,往往似乎只会使问题恶化。

15.单选题

Outof(

)revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

问题1选项

A.sheer

B.total

C.integral

D.perfect

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。sheer意为“完全的,纯粹的,十足的”;total意为“总计的”;integral意为“完整的”;perfect意为“完美的”。

句意:纯粹是为了报复,他竭力抹黑她的人格,诋毁她的名誉。

16.单选题

Tomcomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages(

)fromthedictionary.

问题1选项

A.losing

B.lost

C.missing

D.missed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:汤姆向书商抱怨这本字典缺了几页。

语法题。考查后置定语。分析题干跟选项可知空格处为动词的现在分词形式作后置定语修饰severalpages,表示“丢失了的”。四个选项中,losing失败的,使受损失的;lost失去的,丧失的,迷路的。这两项一般不放在被修饰词后作定语。Missing丢失的,下落不明的。Missed感到思念的。因此C符合句意。

17.单选题

Censorship,awordthatseemstobe()quitecontroversyovercertainpeople,maynotbesuchabadidea.

问题1选项

A.arguing

B.attacking

C.causing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。根据句意可知这里指引发争议,选项C符合句意。

18.单选题

Hejoinedacomputerdatingscheme()butsofarithasn’tasuitablepatter.

问题1选项

A.comeby

B.comeacross

C.comeupwith

D.comeroundto

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查了词组的辨析。comeby“经过”;comeacross“偶遇;偶然发现”;comeupwith“想出”;comeroundto“改变主意”,此处只有使用词组comeacross表示“偶然”才符合句子的语义逻辑,故正确答案为选项B。句意为:他偶然加入了一个计算机日程计划,但是到目前为止它还没有一个合适的模式。

19.单选题

MoreattentionwaspaidtothequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.Itwouldbenecessarytoproducequalitygoodsfortheinternationalmarkettocompletewiththoseproducedinothercountries.TheFrencheconomyneededalargershareoftheinternationalmarkettobalanceitsimportandexporttrade.

Frenchindustrialandagriculturalproductionwasstillinadequatetomeettheimmediateneedsofthepeople,letalonelong-rangeddevelopments.Essentialimportshadstretchedthenationalcredittothebreakingpoint.Rentsweretightlycontrolled,buttheextremeinflationaffectedgeneralpopulationmostseverelythoughthecostoffood.Foodcoststookasmuchas80percentofworkersincome.Wages,itistrue,hadrisenandtherewasfull-timeandovertimeemployment.Takentogether,thesefactorsenabledtheworkingclasstoexistbutallowedthemnosenseofsecurity.Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.

Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthismigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.Qualifiedworkersproducedinforeigncountries.AlsothequantityofqualitygoodsproducedinFrancewouldnotbeabletoincreaseaspartofitsqualifiedlaborforcemovedtoothercountries.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchworkerswere().

2.ReneCotyandCharlesDeschanelwerebothinterestedin().

3.TheFrenchgovernmentwasreluctanttolettheworkersleavethecountrybecause().

4.RentsinFrance().

5.Accordingtothepassage,theFrenchgovernment().

问题1选项

A.betterpaidthantheworkersinanyotherEuropeancountries.

B.abletosavemoremoneywiththeincreaseintheirwages.

C.anxioustoworkabroad.

D.oftenunabletofindworkinFrance.

问题2选项

A.betterqualityinproduction

B.increasingquantityinproduction

C.havingthegovernmentraisetariffsonforeignimports

D.eliminatingunionsinFrance

问题3选项

A.itwouldenlargetheworkingforce

B.itwouldhindertheimprovementofqualityinindustrialproduction

C.itwouldhindertheincreaseinquantityofexports

D.itwoulddamagetheimports

问题4选项

A.wereextremelyhigh

B.wereextremelycontrolled

C.tookasmuchas80percentoftheworkers’income

D.haddoubledintwoyears

问题5选项

A.prohibitedFrenchtoworkabroad

B.reducedtaxestofightinflation

C.paidfamilyallowancesandbenefits

D.prohibitedtheFrenchworkerstojoinlaborunions

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章的第二段:Inthisprecariousanddiscouragingsituation,workmenwerewillingtoworkoverseasforhigherwages.可知:在这种不稳定和令人沮丧的情况下,法国工人想出国工作以获得高薪。因此,C项anxioustoworkabroad“渴望出国工作”正确。

2.细节事实题。由文章第一段MoreattentionwaspaidtomequalityofproductioninFranceatthetimeofReneCoty.CharlesDeschanelwasthenthefinancialminister.Hestressedthatworkmanshipandqualityweremoreimportantthanquantityforindustrialproduction.可知:ReneCoty在位期间,法国很关注产品质量,而时任财政部长的CharlesDeschanel更是坚持产品的质量比数量更为重要。因此,A项正确。

3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段Thelackofqualifiedworkersmighthindertheimprovementinthequalityofindustrialproductsproduced.可知:如果工人们去国外打工,可能会影响本国产品质量的提升。所以,政府不希望工人们离开法国去国外工作。因此,B项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中部Rentsweretightlycontrolled可知:租金被严格地控制着。因此,B项正确。

5.推理判断题。由文章第三段Thegovernmentwasreluctanttoletworkersleavethecountry.Itwasfearedthisimmigrationofworkerswoulddepletethelaborforce.可知:政府担心移民会削弱本国劳动力,所以不愿意让工人离开法国,出国工作。因此,正确答案为A选项。

20.单选题

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast£80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover£116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe£11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthemoneywillgototheTreasury.TheNationalConsumerCouncilgavewarningthattheadmissionswoulddentconsumerconfidenceinleadinghighstreetnamesandthatpeoplewouldbecomeskepticaloftheirclaims.FarmersforAction,thegroupoffarmersthathasledprotestsoverlowmilkpricessince2000,isseekinglegaladviceonwhetheritcannowbringaclaimforcompensation.

TheOFTinvestigationiscontinuing,however,inrelationtoTesco,MorrisonandthedairygroupLactalisMcLelland,andanylegalactionisexpectedtobedelayeduntilthatiscompleted.

Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions.LucyNeville-Rolfe,itsexecutivedirector,said:“Aswehavealwayssaid,weactedindependentlyandwedidnotcolludewithanyone.Ourpositionisdifferentfromourcompetitorsandwearedefendingourowncasevigorously.Ourphilosophyistogiveagooddealtocustomers.”

MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthatthecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation,

Sainsbury’sadmittedyesterdaythatithadagreedtopay£26millioninfines,butdeniedthatithadsoughttoprofiteer.JustinKing,thechiefexecutive,saidhewasdisappointedthatthecompanyhadbeenpenalizedforactionsmeanttohelpfarmersbutrecognizedthebenefitofaspeedysettlement.Asdadeclinedtosayhowmuchitwouldpayinfinesandalsosaidthatitsintentionhadbeentohelpfarmersunderseverefinancialpressure.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wemayinferthat______.

2.Whoismostprobablytheinitiatorofthepricingformula?

3.Theword“defiant”inPara.5mostprobablymeans______.

4.WemayinferfromMorrison’sstatementthat______.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetoTescocanbesaidtobe______.

问题1选项

A.Tescoisthemostresoluteamongalltheretailerstodefenditsreputation

B.itisalreadyprovedthatTescohascolludedwithAsda,Wiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompanyinfixingthedairyprice

C.Tescoistryingitsbesttoproveitsinnocenceofthescandal

D.Tescoisofferedaleniencydealof£80millionbecauseofitsquickresponsetotheanti-competitivebehaviors

问题2选项

A.Retailchains

B.Farmers

C.Dairycompanies

D.Politicians

问题3选项

A.confident

B.angry

C.deficient

D.challenging

问题4选项

A.MorrisonturnouttobethemostdefensivewhendealingwithOFT

B.MorrisonisreluctanttosupporttheinquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusiness

C.industryinsiderssuggestthatMorrisonwastryingtodelaytheOFTinvestigationwithnon-cooperation

D.Morrisonindeedrefusestoadmititsinvolvementinthescandal

问题5选项

A.objective

B.biased

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段。A选项“特易购是所有零售商中最坚决捍卫自己声誉的。”推测其他的零售商勾结,并没有体现出捍卫自身的声誉,可排除。B选项“事实已经证明,特易购与阿斯达、怀斯曼、乳品佳洁士和奶酪公司串通操纵乳品价格。”理解错误,特易购要证明自己并没有与其他零售商勾结。C选项“特易购正尽力证明自己在丑闻中的清白。”由题干定位到第一句“Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million”中文翻译:特易购正准备打一场法律战,以澄清自己卷入这起导致消费者损失2.7亿英镑的奶制品价格操纵丑闻的名声。符合题意,因此C选项正确。D选项“由于特易购对反竞争行为的快速反应,特易购获得了8000万英镑的宽大处理。”理解错误,如果Tesco不能证明自己的清白,将面临8000万英镑的罚款。D选项可排除。综上所述,C选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干,A选项“Retailchains”(零售连锁店),文中所说的零售商只是将奶制品的价格提供给公司,不符合题意,可排除。B选项“Famers”(农民),文中所说的不确定农民是否得到了钱。C选项“Dairycompanies”(乳制品公司),文中所说乳制品公司操纵了的价格,符合题意,C选项正确。D选项“Politicians”(政治家),文中所说,财政部获得了补偿,因此,也可排除。综上所述,C选项正确。

3.词义辨析题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一句“Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions”,中文翻译为:特易购对此不以为然,并表示正准备为自己的行为进行强有力的辩护。A选项“自信的”,特易购正准备为自己的行为进行辩护,可推测他对行为很自信。A选项最符合词义。B选项“生气的”,文中没有体现特易购生气,可排除。C选项“不足的,有缺陷的”,不符合题意,可排除。D选项“挑战性的”,不符合题意,可排除。综上所述,A选项正确。

4.细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第六段MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthat

thecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation.中文翻译为:莫里森支持OFT对其接管的前Safeway业务的调查,但在一份声明中表示,莫里森仍在为OFT进行“强有力的辩护”。LactalisMcLelland的发言人表示,该公司正在与OFT“合作”。业内人士暗示,这三家公司是在故意拖延OFT的调查。判断出C选项“业内人士暗示,莫里森是在试图以不合作的方式拖延OFT的调查”正确。A选项“在处理OFT时,莫里森是最具防御性的”,这里并没有体现莫里森具有防御性,可排除。B选项“莫里森不愿支持对前西夫韦公司的调查”,文中所说,莫里森支持对前Safeway公司的调查,因此,B选项错误。D选项“莫里森公司确实拒绝承认与丑闻有关”,文中并没有提及,可

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