考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇_第1页
考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇_第2页
考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇_第3页
考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇_第4页
考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩496页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南大学滇池学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thetiesthatbindustogetherincommonactivityareso()thattheycandisappearatanymoment.

问题1选项

A.trivial

B.fatal

C.tentative

D.feeble

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项trivial“不重要的,琐碎的”,B项fatal“致命的,量大的”,C项tentative“试验性的,暂定的”,D项feeble“微弱的,无力的”。根据句子意思“把我们联系在一起从事共同活动的纽带是如此的()以至于它们随时都可能消失”,把四个选项分别代入,只有feeble最符合句子意思。句意:把我们联系在一起从事共同活动的纽带是如此微弱,它们随时可能消失。因此,该题选择D项正确。

2.单选题

Theboyhaslearnedfromfairystoriesthatwhatatfirstseemsa(),threateningfigurecanmagicallychangeintoamosthelpfulfriend.

问题1选项

A.benevolent

B.repulsive

C.compulsive

D.imperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。benevolent“仁慈的,慈善的”;repulsive“令人厌恶的,冷淡的”;compulsive“强制的,强迫的”;imperative“必要的,紧要的”。句意:男孩从童话故事里知道那些第一眼看起来令人厌恶的并且危险的人物会魔法般地变成一个最有用的朋友。选项B符合题意。

3.单选题

Thetwopaintingsbythegreatartistembodythe(

)styleofthetimesandtheimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.

问题1选项

A.iconoclastic

B.heterodoxy

C.recluse

D.phantasmal

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。iconoclastic打破旧习的;偶像破坏的;heterodoxy异端,异端邪说;recluse隐居的;phantasmal幻影的;幽灵的;空想的。句意:这位伟大的艺术家所作的这两幅画体现了这个时代(

)风格和将彻底改变中国当代艺术的冲动。由theimpulsesthatwouldtransformChinesecontemporaryart.这句中的transformChinesecontemporaryart“彻底改变中国当代艺术”可知空格处所填单词应具有打破旧习的意思,故答案为A。

4.单选题

Frequentculturalexchangewillcertainlyhelp()friendlyrelationsbetweenourtwouniversities.

问题1选项

A.foster

B.harness

C.install

D.exhibit

【答案】A

【解析】句意:频繁的文化交流必将有助于促进我们两所大学之间的友好关系。

考查动词辨析。foster培养,促进;harness驾驭,利用;install安装,安顿:exhibit展览,显示,提出。由题干关键词“friendlyrelations(友好关系)”可知A符合句意。

5.单选题

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz(千兆赫),forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means(

).

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat(

).

问题1选项

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

问题2选项

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

问题3选项

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

问题4选项

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

问题5选项

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的电脑有多快?当人们问这个问题时,他们通常指的是计算机内部一个微小时钟的频率,它是一个晶体振荡器,设定了整个机器使用的基本节奏。”由此可知,选项B符合原文。

2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“在计算机的微处理器芯片中,一个时钟分配系统将晶体振荡器发出的定时信号传送到各个电路中,就像鼓声通过空气传播给士兵,以此来确定他们行进的步伐一样。”由此可推断,这里提到鼓声在空气中传播是为了说明定时信号的传递和声音在空气中传播的方式是类似的,所以选项A正确。

3.判断推理题。根据第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.随着速度的提高,定时信号的分配变得越来越困难。”选项A符合原文;根据第三段倒数第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一个大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的节奏,需要精心的设计和大量的电力。”选项C和D符合原文。选项B是由于速度过快导致的结果而不是缺点,所以不正确,本题选B。

4.词义题。结合原文内容可知,“alternative”意为“替代品”,选项B与之意思相近。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我们在太阳微系统实验室的研究组正在寻找这样的替代品。和世界上其他几个组织一起...”由此可推断,寻找更好的同步系统替代品是一个国际性问题,选项D正确。选项A,B,C均是事实,不是推导出来的,所以不符合题意。

6.单选题

Identitytheftcanrangeforthesimpletheftofacreditcard,oritcangointomorecomplexschemeswherethethievescan_______hundredsofpeopleatatime.

问题1选项

A.embody

B.impersonate

C.personify

D.assume

【答案】B

【解析】embody使具体化;impersonate模仿,扮演;personify赋予...以人性,使人格化;assume假定,设想。句意:身份盗窃可以简単地归类于信用卡盗窃,也可以是更复杂的方案,比如窃贼可以一次冒充数百人。选项B符合句意。

7.单选题

TheBostonMarathonisanannualmarathonsportingeventhostedbythecityofBoston,Massachusetts,onPatriots’Day,thethirdMondayofApril.Begunin1897andinspiredbythesuccessofthefirstmodern-daymarathoncompetitioninthe1896SummerOlympics,theBostonMarathonistheworld’soldestannualmarathonandranksasoneoftheworld’smostwell-knownroadracingevents.ThemarathonisoneoffivemembersoftheWorldMarathonMajors.

Theeventattractsanaverageofabout20,000registeredparticipantseachyear.Inthe100thrunningoftheBostonMarathonin1996,thenumberofparticipantsreached38,000.Whiletherearecashprizesawardedtothewinnersofthemarathon,mostoftherunnersparticipatefortheaccomplishmentofhavingruntheraceatall.

TheBostonMarathonwasoriginallyalocalevent,butitsfameandstatushaveattractedrunnersfromallovertheworld.Formostofitshistory,theBostonMarathonwasafreeevent,andtheonlyprizeawardedforwinningtheracewasawreathwovenfromolivebranches.However,corporate-sponsoredcashprizesbegantobeawardedinthe1980s,whenprofessionalathletesbegantorefusetoruntheracewithoutcashawards.Thefirstcashprizeforwinningthemarathonwasawardedin1986.

WomenwerenotallowedtoentertheBostonMarathonofficiallyuntil1972.Roberta(Bobbi)GibbisrecognizedasthefirstwomantoruntheentireBostonMarathon(in1966).In1967,KathrineSwitzer,whohadregisteredas“K.V.Switzer”,wasthefirstwomantorunwitharacenumber.Shefinished,despiteacelebratedincidentinwhichraceofficialJockSempletriedtoripoffhernumbersandejectherfromtherace.In1996theB.A.Aretroactivelyrecognizedaschampionstheunofficialwomen’sleadersof1966through1971.

Inrecentyears,criticshavepointedtothedominanceofforeign-bornathletesintheevent(especiallyrunnersfromKenya)tobacktheirargumentsthatAmericanprofessionalrunningislaggingbehindtherestoftheworldintermsofproducingqualityathletes.However,foreigndominanceoftheraceisnothingnew.Between1946and1967onlyoneAmerican(JohnJ.Kelleyin1957)wonthemarathoninanerawhenFinlandandJapanwerethedistancepowerhouses.

TheBostonMarathonisopentoallrunners,maleandfemale,fromanynation,buttheymustmeetcertainqualifyingstandards.Toqualify,arunnermustfirstcompleteastandardmarathoncoursecertifiedbyanationalgoverningbodyaffiliatedwiththeInternationalAssociationofAthleticsFederationswithinacertainperiodoftimebeforethedateofthedesiredBostonMarathon(usuallywithinapproximately18monthsprior).Prospectiverunnersintheagerangeof18-34mustrunatimeofnomorethan3:10:59(3hoursand10minutes)ifmale,or3:40:59(3hoursand40minutes)iffemale;thequalifyingtimeisadjustedupwardasageincreases.Forexample,a40-44yearoldmalecanstillqualifywithatimeof3:20:59.Anexceptiontothequalificationrequirementisawardedto1,250runnerswhoraiseapre-determinedlevelofsponsorshipforofficiallydesignatedlocalcharities.

BesidestheOlympictrialsandtheOlympicmarathons,BostonistheonlymajorAmericanmarathonthatrequiresaqualifyingtime.ThusformanymarathonerstoqualifyforBoston(to“BQ”)isagoalandachievementinitself,makingita“people’sOlympicevent”.

1.Thefirstmarathoncompetitionbegan().

2.Mostofmarathonerstakepartintheraceto().

3.Theoriginalprizeawardedforwinningthemarathonin1800swas().

4.WhydopeoplecriticizethatAmericacan’ttrainbetterprofessionalrunnersthansomeothercountries?

5.WhocanparticipateintheBostonMarathonwithoutaqualifyingtime?

问题1选项

A.inBoston,Massachusetts

B.onPatriots’Day,1897

C.in1896SummerOlympics

D.ahundredyearsago

问题2选项

A.achievesuccess

B.wincashprizes

C.attractaudience

D.winanolive-branch-wovenwreath

问题3选项

A.moneysponsoredbycompanies

B.aprofessionalstatus

C.afloralcirclemadefromolivetrees

D.bravefame

问题4选项

A.Becausemostwinnersoftheracecomefromforeigncountries.

B.BecauseFinlandandJapanwerethestrongteamswithqualityathletes.

C.BecauseAmericanprofessionalrunningisfarbehind.

D.BecauseonlyoneAmericanwontheracebetween1946and1967.

问题5选项

A.Malerunners.

B.Femalerunners.

C.Charityraisers.

D.Amateurrunners.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干关键词“firstmarathoncompetition”可以定位到第一段第二句inspiredbythesuccessofthefirstmodern-daymarathoncompetitioninthe1896SummerOlympics(受到1896年夏季奥运会第一个现代马拉松比赛成功的启发),说明第一次马拉松比赛在1896年的夏季奥运会上。因此C选项“在1896年夏季奥运会上”正确。A选项“在马萨诸塞州的波士顿”,B选项“1897年爱国者日”,D选项“一百年前”说的是波士顿马拉松比赛的情况,所以A,B,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干关键词“Mostofmarathoners”可以定位到文章第二段最后一句mostoftherunnersparticipatefortheaccomplishmentofhavingruntheraceatall(大多数选手都是为了参加比赛的成就感而参加的),说明大多数选手参赛的理由是为了获得成就感。因此A选项“获得成功”正确。B选项“赢得现金奖励”,C选项“吸引观众”,D选项“赢得一个橄榄枝编织的花环”均不符合题意,所以B,C,D错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干关键词“originalprize”可以定位到文章第三段第二句Formostofitshistory,theBostonMarathonwasafreeevent,andtheonlyprizeawardedforwinningtheracewasawreathwovenfromolivebranches.(在历史上的大部分时间里,波士顿马拉松都是免费的活动,而赢得比赛的唯一奖品是一个用橄榄枝编织的花环。),说明最初比赛的奖品是橄榄枝花环。因此C选项“用橄榄枝编织的花环”正确。A选项“公司赞助的钱”,B选项“职业地位”,D选项“勇敢的名声”均不符合题意,所以A,B,D错误。

4.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第五段第一句Inrecentyears,criticshavepointedtothedominanceofforeign-bornathletesintheevent(especiallyrunnersfromKenya)tobacktheirargumentsthatAmericanprofessionalrunningislaggingbehindtherestoftheworldintermsofproducingqualityathletes.(近年来,批评人士指出在这项赛事中外国出生的运动员,尤其是来自肯尼亚的运动员占主导地位,以支持他们的观点,即美国职业长跑在培养高质量运动员方面落后于世界其他地区。),说明批评美国没有好的职业长跑运动员的原因是外国的运动员经常在这项比赛上获胜。因此A选项“因为这项比赛的大多数冠军都来自外国”正确。B选项“因为芬兰和日本是拥有优质运动员的强队”,D选项“因为在1946年至1967年期间,只有一个美国人赢得了比赛”都是美国长跑运动员落后于其他地区的表现之一,不能完整概括批评美国的原因,所以B,D错误。C选项“因为美国的职业长跑远远落后于其他国家”,原文说的是在培养高质量运动员方面落后于其他国家,而不是整体远远落后于其他国家,所以C错误。

5.客观细节题。由题干关键词“qualifyingtime”可以定位到第六段,第六段最后一句说到Anexceptiontothequalificationrequirementisawardedto1,250runnerswhoraiseapre-determinedlevelofsponsorshipforofficiallydesignatedlocalcharities.(1,250名为官方指定的本地慈善机构筹得预先设定赞助金额的运动员可免除资格要求。),说明为慈善机构筹款的运动员可以免除参赛资格要求。因此C选项“慈善募捐者”正确。A选项“男运动员”,B选项“女运动员”,D选项“业余运动员”均不符合题意,所以A,B,D错误。

8.单选题

Factsthatmayseemlittleconsequenceatthetimemaylaterassume()significanceatthetimewhenETSstaffmembersdecidewhetherturneractionisjustified.

问题1选项

A.considerable

B.valuable

C.important

D.extensive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A:considerable“相当大的”;B:valuable“有价值的”;C:important“重要的”;D:extensive“广阔的;广大的”。句意:当ETS的工作人员决定特纳的行动是否合理的时候,当时似乎没有什么后果的事实可能之后会产生很大的意义。本处表示“xxx的意义”,修饰名词significance意义。因此A符合题意。

9.单选题

Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportant()ofAmericanlife.

问题1选项

A.facets

B.formats

C.formulas

D.fashions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项facets“方面”;B选项formats“构成”;C选项formulas“方案”;D选项fashions“风尚”。句意:这本书是关于这些基本信念和价值观如何影响美国生活的重要方面。本句表示美国生活的重要方面。因此A选项正确。

10.翻译题

70年代以来,美国华人社会发生了重大的变化。最显著的是许多来自大陆的中国人不断涌入美国,使美国华人的人数猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

11.单选题

Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcentury______theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical.

问题1选项

A.diffuses

B.undermines

C.supports

D.underscores

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项diffuse“扩散,传播”,B项undermine“逐渐削弱(信心、权威等),渐渐破坏”,C项support“支持,帮助,支撑”,D项underscore“强调,划线于……下”。根据句子可知,句子缺少一个谓语动词,由Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovement(积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作)和theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical(这两个运动是敌对的断言)可判断,这两者的关系是“削弱”,B项符合。句意:19世纪晚期,积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作削弱了这两个运动是敌对的论断。因此,该题选择B项。

12.单选题

Thissortofrudebehaviorinpublichardly()apersoninyourposition.

问题1选项

A.becomes

B.fits

C.supports

D.improves

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项become有“与……相称,适合(某人)”的含义,例句:Thisdressdoesn’tbecomethecolorofyourskin.(这件裙子不衬你的肤色);B选项fit虽然也有这个意思,但它主要是指尺寸、式样以及数量是否适合,例句:Ican’tfindclothestofitme.(我找不到合身的衣服。);C选项support“支持,维护”;D选项improve意为“提高,改善”。句意:在公共场合,这种粗鲁的行为与你的地位是不相符的。由选项意思和句意可知,A选项符合句意。

13.单选题

Acentrallycontrolledmilitaryforcewastheguaranteeoftheircontinuationinpower,butthearmywasapartoftheadministrativeorganization,andittoowas()corruption.

问题1选项

A.morelikely

B.proneto

C.lesslikely

D.tending

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项morelikely“更可能的”;B选项proneto“有……倾向的”;C选项lesslikely“最不可能的是”;D选项tending“照顾”。根据题意,只有“proneto易于,倾向于”符合。A中“morelikely”需要接to,构成“morelikelytodosth.”才正确。句意:虽然中央集权的武装力量是他们连续执政的保障,但是军队只是管理机构的一部分,并且它……腐败堕落。本句表达“也容易发生腐败”。因此C选项正确。

14.单选题

NolongeraretheseconsideredarcanequestionsthatdrawscrutinyonlyfromthefewWashingtonianswhoreadthe“noticesofproposedrule-making”intheFederalReserve.

问题1选项

A.feasible

B.challenging

C.little-known

D.hidden

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项feasible“可行的;可能的;可实行的”;B选项challenging“挑战的;引起挑战性兴趣的”;C选项little-known“鲜为人知的;很少人知的”;D选项hidden“隐藏的”。句意:这些被认为是晦涩难懂的问题,不再只会引起少数读过美联储的“拟议规则制定通知”华盛顿人的关注。arcane“神秘的;晦涩难解的;秘传的”,C选项与该词意思最相近,因此C选项正确。

15.翻译题

Ithinkthat,fromabiologicalstandpoint,humanlifealmostreadslikeapoem.Ithasitsownrhythmandbeat,itsinternalcyclesofgrowthanddecay.Itbeginswithinnocentchildhood,followedbyawkwardadolescencetryingawkwardlytoadaptitselftomaturesociety,withitsyoungpassionsandfollies,itsidealsandambitions;thenitreachesamanhoodofintenseactivities,profitingfromexperienceandlearningmoreaboutsocietyandhumannature;atmiddleage,thereisaslighteasingoftension,amellowingofcharacterliketheripeningoffruitorthemellowingofgoodwine,andthegradualacquiringofamoretolerant,morecynicalandatthesametimeakindlierviewoflife;theninthesunsetofourlife,theendocrineglandsdecreasetheiractivity,andifwehaveatruephilosophyofoldageandhaveorderedourlifepatternaccordingtoit,itisforustheageofpeaceandsecurityandleisureandcontentment;finally,lifeflickersoutandonegoesintoeternalsleepnevertowakeupagain.Oneshouldbeabletosetthebeautyofthisrhythmoflife,toappreciate,aswedoingrandsymphonies,itsmaintheme,itsstrainsofconflictandthefinalresolution.Themovementsofthesecyclesareverymuchthesameinanormallife,buttherelicmustbeprovidedbytheindividualhimself.

【答案】我认为,从生物学的角度来看,人生就像一首诗。它有自己的韵律和节奏,自有内在的生长与衰亡周期。它开始于天真的童年,紧随其后的是稚拙的青春期,带着年轻的激情和愚笨,笨拙而努力地走向成熟;后来人到壮年,经历渐广,阅人渐多,涉世渐深;乃至中年,节奏渐缓,个性沉淀如熟果,如美酒,更具容忍之心,愈发愤世嫉俗,却待人生愈发温和;再后来到暮年时,内分泌系统活动减少,如果我们已经悟得老年真谛,且据此安顿残年,则生活将平和、宁静、安详且美满;最后生命之光摇曳而逝,人开始永恒的长眠,不再醒来。人应能感受这种生命韵律之美,就如欣赏交响乐一样,欣赏其主旋律、激昂的高潮和舒缓的尾声。生命的乐章大同小异,但每个人应谱写出自己独有的乐曲。

16.单选题

I’msureheisuptothejob(

)hewouldgivehismindtoit.

问题1选项

A.ifonly

B.until

C.incase

D.unless

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。A选项ifonly“如果”;B选项until“直到……才”;C选项incase“万一”;D选项unless“除非”。根据从句意思“只要他用心,他是能胜任这份工作的”,可知空格部分表示意思是“假如,如果”,句意为:我相信只要他用心,他是能胜任这份工作的。故正确答案选A。

17.单选题

5.

问题1选项

A.Herdaughterlikesballgames.

B.Herdaughterisanexcellentgirl.

C.Sheandherdaughteraregoodfriends.

D.Sheandherdaughterwon’tunderstandeachother.

【答案】D

【解析】W:I’vebeensoworriedaboutmydaughter.She’ssodifferentintemperamentfromme.Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling.

M:That’squitecommonwithmothersanddaughters.

W:Sheisafurtherpersonalityandverymuchontheball,butsheisanexcitablechild.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】常用习语。女士说:Wearenotalwaysonthesamewheeling,意思是他们经常无法达成一致。

18.单选题

Fearshowedintheeyesoftheyoungman,whiletheoldmanlookedtiredand().

问题1选项

A.watery

B.wandering

C.weary

D.wearing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似词词义辨析。watery“水的,湿的”;wandering“徘徊的,流浪的”;weary“疲倦的,疲劳的”;wearing“磨损的,令人厌倦的”。句意:当那位老人看起来非常疲惫时,这位年轻人眼中露出恐惧。选项C符合题意。

19.单选题

Weallknowthatthenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7to8hours’sleepalternationwithsome16to17hour’swakefulnessandthat,broadlyspeaking,thesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.Ourpresentconcerniswithhoweasilyandtowhatextentthiscyclecanbemodified.

Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Thecase,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clockworkingofmachines.Itnormally,takesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingatnight.Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12midnightto8a.m.oneweek,8a.m.to4p.m.thenext,and4p.m.to12midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosoonerhashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,sothatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.

Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers.Aninterestingstudyofthedomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrownin1957.Shefoundahighincidenceofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoseonalternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesephenomenaamongthoseonpermanentnightwork.

Thislattersystemthenappearstobethebestlong-termpolicy,butmeanwhilesomethingmaybedonetorelievethestrainsofalternatedayandnightworkbyselectingthosepeoplewhocanadaptmostquicklytothechangesofroutine.Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbodytemperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;whentheychangetonightworkthepatternwillonlygraduallygobacktomatchthenewroutineandthespeedwithwhichitdoessoparallels,broadlyspeaking,theadaptationofthebodyasawhole,particularlyintermsofperformance.Therefore,bytakingbodytemperatureatintervalsoftwohoursthroughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareversedroutine,andthiscouldbeusedasabasisforselection.Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnotseemtohavebeenappliedinpractice.

1.Whyisthequestionof“howeasilypeoplecangetusedtoworkingatnight”notamereacademicquestion?

2.Themainproblemoftheround-the-clockworkingsystemliesin(

).

3.Thebestsolutionforimplementingthe24-liourworkingsystemseemstobe

).

4.Itispossibletofindoutifapersonhasadaptedtothechangesofroutinebymeasuringhisbodytemperaturebecause

).

5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

问题1选项

A.Becausefewpeopleliketoreversethecycleofsleepandwakefulness.

B.Becausesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.

C.Becausepeoplearerequiredtoworkatnightinsomefieldsofindustry.

D.Becauseshiftworkinindustryrequirespeopletochangetheirsleeping.

问题2选项

A.theinconveniencesbroughtabouttotheworkersbytheintroductionofautomation

B.thedisturbanceofthedailylifecycleofworkerswhohavetochangeshiftstoofrequent

C.thefactthatpeopleworkingatnightareoftenlesseffective

D.thefactthatitisdifficulttofindanumberofgoodnightworkers

问题3选项

A.tochangeshiftsatlongerintervals

B.tohavelongershift

C.toarrangeforsomepeopletoworkonnightshiftsonly

D.tocreatebetterlivingconditionsfornightworkers

问题4选项

A.bodytemperaturechangeswhenthecycleofsleepandwakefulnessalternates

B.bodytemperaturechangeswhenhechangestonightshiftorback

C.thetemperaturereverseswhentheroutineischanged

D.peoplehavehighertemperatureswhentheyareworkingefficiently

问题5选项

A.Bodytemperaturemayserveasanindicationofaworker'sperformance.

B.Theselectionofanumberofpermanentnightshiftworkersprovedtobethebestsolutiontoproblemsoftheround-the-clockworkingsystem.

C.Takingbodytemperatureatregularintervalscanshowhowapersonadaptstothechangesofroutine.

D.Disturbedsleepoccurslessfrequentlyamongthoseonpermanentnightordayshifts.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出:Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Thecase,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clockworkingofmachines(这已经不是一个学术的问题。例如,在需要机器24小时连续工作的自动化操作的工业生产中,需要人们从白天工作变为晚上工作的问题变得越来越重要了)。故选C“因为一些工业领域要求上夜班”。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Itnormally,takesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingatnight(通常一个人需要五天至一周的时间来适应与常规生活颠倒的睡眠吋间和猜醒时间,即白天睡觉,晚上工作)以及Unfortunately,itisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek(不幸的是,在工业生产中,工作班次每星期都变换的事经常发生)。故选B“频繁更换工作吋间的工人的日常生活周期被打乱”。

3.细节事实题。第三段第一句指出:Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberofpermanentnightworkers(看来,唯一真正可以解决问题的方法就是将晚班交给一些长期上夜班的工人)。故选C“安排一些人只上夜班”。

4.细节事实题。第四段指出:Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight(白天正常工作的人,在其清醒的时间内,体温通常都比较高,但是在夜晚则比较低)。因此选D“人在工作效率高吋,休温都比较高”。

5.判断推理题。根据第四段...itcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareversedroutine,andthiscouldbeusedasabasisforselection(可以了解到个人是如何快速适应正常时间的颠倒,同时也可成为筛选的基础)以及Sofar,however,suchaformofselectiondoesnotseemtohavebeenappliedinpractice(然而,到目前为止,这种形式的筛选似乎并没有在实践中得到应用)可知选择永久的夜间值班者仅仅是一种基础的方法,但不是最佳的方法,故选项B错误。根据最后一段Onewayofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbodytemperature.Peopleengagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperatureduringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight(了解一个人何时适应的一种方法是测量他的体温。白天正常工作的人在清醒的时候会有高温,晚上会有低温)可知选项A“体温可以作为衡量工人工作的一个指标”正确。根据最后一段Therefore,bytakingbodytemperatureatintervalsoftwohoursthroughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcanbeseenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareversedroutine(因此,在清醒期间每隔两小时测量一次体温,可以看出一个人能多快地适应一个颠倒的习惯)可知选项C“每隔一段吋间测量体温,可以显示个人是如何适应常规变化”正确。根据第三段Shefoundahighincidenceofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoseonalternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesephenomenaamongthoseonpermanentnightwork(她发现在日班和夜班交替的人中,睡眠障碍和其他障碍的发生率很高,但在长期夜班的人中,这些现象没有异常发生)可知选项D“长期上夜班的或上长白班的人很少出现睡眠被打乱的现象”正确。

20.填空题

Wefeelthattherearemanydisadvantagesinstreamingpupils.Itdoesnottakeintoaccountthefact

thatchildrendevelopatdifferentrates.Itcanhaveabadeffectonboththebrightandthenot-so-brightchild.Afterall,itcanbequite

A

B

C

discouragedtobeatthebottomofthetopGrade!

D

【答案】Ddiscouraged改为discouraging

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】discouraged的意思为“沮丧的,气馁的”,指的是人自己的感受,discouraging的意思为“使人沮丧的,令人气馁的”,指的是某个事物令人沮丧,这里指的是倒数第一这件事令人沮丧,因此D部分应为“discouraging”。

【句意】我们认为把学生按成绩分班有很多弊端。这没有考虑到儿童发展的速度不同这一事实。这对聪明的孩子和不那么聪明的孩子都有消极的影响。毕竟,在高手如云的班级中倒数第一这件事,相当令人沮丧!

21.单选题

Mybrother’splansare______;hewantstomasterEnglish,FrenchandSpanishbeforeheissixteen.

问题1选项

A.arbitrary

B.ambitious

C.aggressive

D.abundant

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.arbitrary任意的;武断的B.ambitious有野心的;有雄心的

C.aggressive好斗的;挑衅的D.abundant大量的;丰盛的

【答案】B

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后半句的句意“他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语”可得知,他的计划是雄心勃勃的,故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】我哥哥的计划雄心勃勃;他想在16岁之前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。

22.单选题

Thewomenmeettwiceamonthto()theirideastogetherandsetbusinessgoalsforeachother.

问题1

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论