考研考博-英语-中国人民警察大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中国人民警察大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Ifacompanyisalreadyeffectively（

）itscompetitorsbecauseitprovidesservicethatavoidsadamagingreputationandkeepscustomers（

）leavingatanunacceptablerate,theninvestmentinhigherservicelevelsmaybewasted,sinceserviceisadecidingfactorforcustomersonlyinextremesituation.

问题1选项

A.inparwith...from

B.inaparwith...in

C.onparwith...outof

D.onaparwith...from

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。第一空的固定搭配是onaparwith“与……同等；和……一样”；第二个空格处的搭配是“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”。因此D选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbe______fromit.

问题1选项

A.derived

B.extracted

C.abstracted

D.adapted

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项derive“源自，获得”，B项extract“提取，抽取”，C项abstract“摘要，抽象化”，D项adapt“适应”。根据关键词conclusion“结论”可知，空格部分对应“获得”更符合语境。句意：我似乎得出了一个相当悲观的结论，但我认为仍可能从中得到一些令人高兴的东西。因此，该题选择A项正确。

3.单选题

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

问题1选项

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.turndown减小；关小；调低B.turnup出现；发生；开大

C.turnout最后是；结果是D.turnin上交；归还

【答案】D

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意：在现行制度下，国有企业必须将所有利润……政府。国营企业上缴利润收入指国营企业以利润等形式上缴给国家的预算收入。因此根据句意，国有企业所获得的利润要交给政府。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合句意。

【句意】在现行制度下，国有企业必须将所有利润上缴政府。

4.单选题

Progressiveandreactionarypopulistmovementsarenotnecessarily_______:eachmay,andusuallydoes,possessfeaturesoftheother.

问题1选项

A.subversive

B.efficacious

C.untenable

D.dichotomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项subversive“破坏性的”；B选项efficacious“有效的”；C选项untenable“（理论等）站不住脚的；不能维持的”；D选项dichotomous“二元对立的”。句意：进步和反动的民粹主义运动不一定_______：相互可能，而且是通常具有对方的特征。根据语境，这里指的是进步和反动的民粹主义有相同的特性，不是完全对立，所以dichotomous“二元对立的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

5.单选题

WhenPH.D.candidates（）theirimpendingprofessorships,theyconsiderhousingbenefitsofferedbytheprospectiveuniversity.

问题1选项

A.anticipate

B.assume

C.apply

D.demand

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项anticipate“预期，预计（并做准备）”；B选项assume“设想，假定”；C选项apply“申请，应用”；D选项demand“强烈要求”。句意：当博士申请者在为即将到来的教授职位做准备时，他们会考虑未来大学提供的住房福利。选项A符合语境。

6.单选题

Poetryisanaturalor（

）overflowofpowerfulfeelings.

问题1选项

A.spontaneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.homogeneous

【答案】A

【解析】句意:诗是自然而然，自发溢出的强烈的情感。

形容词辨析。Spontaneous自发的，自然的;simultaneous同吋的，同时发生的;instantaneous瞬间的，即时的;Homogeneous同种的，同质的。因此A符合句意。

7.单选题

Herexcellentperformance______theaudience’swarmacclamations.

问题1选项

A.resultedfrom

B.burstinto

C.evoked

D.prosecuted

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项resultfrom“由……造成，起因于”，B项burstinto“突然闯进来”，C项evoke“引起，唤起，博得”，D项prosecute“检举，贯彻”。根据句子意思“她的精彩表演……观众的热烈喝彩”可推断，空格处应该表示“赢得，博得”，所以只有C项符合。句意：她出色的表演引起了观众的热烈喝彩。因此，该题选择C项正确。

8.翻译题

二十多年前科学家就己经知道癌症是一种基因病变。细胞核(nucleus)内的DNA被某种物质打乱，细胞突然不再有规则地分裂，而开始大量复制自身。不同于普通细胞的是，这种复制活动永无休止。

癌症细胞和正常细胞差异极大，要理清造成这种差异的事件的先后顺序几乎是不可能的，所以很多年来研究人员一直在攻关这一难题，通过研究健康细胞，他们试图确定是什么变化使得这些健康细胞变成了癌细胞，但却总是以失败告终。

现在情况出现了转机。根据最近的一期《自然》杂志刊载的报道，麻省理工学院的生物医学研究所的一个科研小组终于成功地将人类细胞转变为恶性(malignant)细胞。他们采用了两种不同的细胞类型，通过把三种经过改变的基因嵌入这些细胞的DNA中，从而取得这一成就。虽然这些操作都只是在实验室的器皿里完成的，不会立刻带来任何治疗方法，但显然它们是理解这种疾病的关键一步。

【答案】Scientistshaveknownformorethantwodecadesthatcancerisadiseaseofthegenes.SomethingscramblestheDNAinsideanucleus,andsuddenly,insteadofdividinginameasuredfashion,acellbeginstocopyitselffuriously.Unlikeanordinarycell,itneverstops.

Cancercellsaresoradicallydifferentfromnormalonesthatit'salmostimpossibletountanglethesequenceofeventsthatmadethemthatway.Soforyearsresearchershavebeenattackingtheproblembytakingnormalcellsandtryingtodeterminewhatchangeswillturnthemcancerous—alwayswithoutsuccess.

Untilnow,accordingtoareportinthecurrentissueofNature,ateamofscientistsbasedatM.I.T.'sWhiteheadInstituteforBio-medicalResearchhasfinallymanagedtomakehumancellsmalignantafeattheyaccomplishedwithtwodifferentcelltypesbyinsertingjustthreealteredgenesintotheirDNA.Whilethesemanipulationsweredoneonlyinlabdishesandwon'tleadtoanyimmediatetreatment,theyappeartobeacrucialstepinunderstandingthedisease.

9.单选题

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtothe

Muses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle’sLyceumhadamouseion,amusesshrineAlthoughtheCreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples-notablythatofHeraatOlympiabeforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllithadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywellknownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings"(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses-shrine”.

Theinspirational-collectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries-whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrsprinces,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems-oftenantiqueengravedones-aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,but’’site-specific”，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothoffabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingwerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporarysothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toimitation,andsocouldbe]consideredMuses-shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,TheBelvedereandtheCapitalinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,and,gradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancoiswasthemostfamousThen,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMmseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving”collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword”inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

3.Modemmuseumscameintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

4.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

问题2选项

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.boughtbychurches

C.donatedbypeople

D.madepartofthebuildings

问题3选项

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improvecollations

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

问题4选项

A.CollectionandCollectors

B.ModemMuseumsandTheirFunctions

C.TheEvolutionofMuseums

D.TheBirthofMuseums

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.句义推测题。根据文章大意可知文章主旨在于介绍museum一词随着时代的发展在词义方面的演变，所以题干中的“Museumisaslipperyword”意指museum一词的意思随着岁月的变迁发生了改变，B选项正确。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第四段的第二句‘"theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsand...”“他们不是从其他地方收集起来的而是地方性的并且和建筑物是一体的……”可以排除A选项“从其他地方收集的”并且确定D选项“作为建筑物的一部分”正确。B选项和C选项没有在文章中提到。

3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的第二句“Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.”“工业革命时代社会仇视皇室和教堂的纪念物，这促使古文物收藏家们将它们放到了可以起保护作用的收藏馆，其中最有名的收藏馆就是MuseedesMonumentsFrancais”确定A选项‘保护王室和教会的财富’正确。

4.标题归纳题。全文介绍了museum一词意义的变化过程，以及museum一词现代意义的由来。所以C选项正确。其它三项都只是介绍museum一词的意义变化时提到的例子，不能作为全文标题。

10.单选题

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

问题1选项

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打扰；checkout检查；takedown拿下,记下；pulldown推翻,摧毁。句意:我们最好把整个地方都检查一下,以防被安了窃听器。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

Byadvocatingmoderatechange,theythinkthattheycankeepconsumercostslow.

问题1选项

A.reasonable

B.radical

C.immediate

D.minimum

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过提倡……改变，他们认为可以保持消费者的低成本状态。reasonable“合理的，明智的”；radical“根本的，彻底的”；immediate“立即的”；minimum“最低的”。根据后面的“消费者的低成本状态”可知前面的改变是“适度的”，即划线单词的意思是“适度的；合理的”。因此选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun.

Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyBC.

WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandauthority.IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices.

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellapracticallydisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlateroninEngland.

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors.

1.Thefirstuseofumbrellawasas（）.

2.（）werethepeoplewhofirstusedumbrellas.

3.Theumbrellawasusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassages?

问题1选项

A.protectionagainstrain

B.ashadeagainstthesun

C.asymbolofpower

D.asymbolofhonor

问题2选项

A.Chinese

B.Romans

C.Greeks

D.Egyptians

问题3选项

A.inEuropeinthe18thcentury

B.inancientEgyptandBabylon

C.intheFarEastinancienttimes

D.duringtheMiddleAges

问题4选项

A.Womenenjoyusingumbrellaswithvariedkindsofcolorsnowadays.

B.Theinventoroftheumbrellaisunknown.

C.Onceordinarypeoplehadnorighttouseumbrellas.

D.Umbrellaswerepopularandcheapinancienttimes.

问题5选项

A.WhenWastheUmbrellaInvented?

B.TheHistoryofUmbrella

C.Umbrella-ASymbolofHonor

D.WhoUsedUmbrellaFirst?

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出:Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun(实际上，伞的发明不是为了躲雨。它的第一个用途是为了遮蔽太阳)。因此选B项“遮蔽太阳”。

2.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第二段:ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyB.C(可能，第一个使用伞的人是中国人，可以追溯到公元前11世纪)，因此选A项。

3.细节事实题。第三段指出:IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices(在古代远东地区，只允许皇室的人或者身居高位的人使用伞)，因此选C项“在古代远东地区”。

4.判断推理题。A:如今，女性享用各色的伞。最后一句指出:Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors(直到二十世纪，妇女雨伞才开始有各种各样的颜色)，因此A项正确。B:伞的发明者不知道是谁，第二段第一句指出:Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit...(不知道最初谁发明了伞)，因此B项正确。C:曾经，普通人没有权利使用伞，第三段倒数第二句指出:Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority(雨伞再次被认为是权力和权威的象征)。因此C项正确。D:雨伞在古代很流行也很便宜。此项在文中并未有所体现。因此选D。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要谈及伞的历史发展，和伞在古代的使用人群等，以及伞的使用现状。因此B项“伞的历史”比较适合做文章标题。

13.单选题

OnMay3,1989,committalproceedingsbeganinrespectofsixofficerswhowerechargedwithconspiracyto（）thecourseofjustice.

问题1选项

A.pervert

B.perturb

C.prevent

D.profane

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。pervert“使堕落，滥用”；perturb“扰乱，使不安”；prevent“预防，阻止”；profane“亵渎，玷污”。句意：1989年5月3日，拘押进程开始于六名官员，他们被控告共谋扰乱司法公正。选项B符合题意。

14.单选题

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

问题1选项

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

问题2选项

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

问题3选项

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

问题4选项

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

问题5选项

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些医生和政客认为钠的摄入量和身体健康有直接关系，并会引发多种疾病，甚至早逝。说明他们认为食盐的摄入量与某些疾病的发生息息相关，因此，C项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，当摄取极低的少盐饮食或者恢复食用食盐时，血压正常的人不会有什么改变。然而，在高血压人群中，少盐饮食中一半的人确实出现血压下降，而再次恢复食盐的摄入时，血压会返回到之前的水平。因此，A项“低盐饮食可能适合某些人”表述正确。B项和D项错误。文章并没有谈及“减少食盐摄入量可能治愈高血压”，故C项错误。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense•”可知：医生不应该建议人们不吃盐，因此，B选项符合题意，为正确答案。

4.词汇题。根据原文倒数第二段buteventheveryvocal“lowsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就连“低盐论”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承认盐的摄入量是否与髙血压有关。所以最恰当的理解应该是强烈支持者。因此，D项为正确答案。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了食盐摄入量与人体健康的关系。通过人们对于盐的恐慌引出相关话题，最后表明“除非医生告知你有与摄取盐分相关的健康问题，否则，没有理由不摄取食盐”。由此可知，食盐恐慌是不合理的，A项为正确答案。

15.单选题

Thegroupoftechniciansareengagedinastudywhich（

）allaspectsofurbanplanning.

问题1选项

A.inserts

B.grips

C.performs

D.embraces

【答案】D

【解析】句意:这组技术人员正忙于一项涉及到城市规划所有方面的研究。

动词辨析。Insert插入，嵌入;grip抓住，紧握;perform执行,完成;embrace拥抱,包含。故D符合句意。

16.翻译题

研究人员称，远程办公等弹性工作模式有益于身体健康。研究人员发现，如果人们有条件在家工作，压缩工作周的时间，那他们就可以选择更为健康的生活方式，锻炼身体的机会增多，睡眠也会更好。

可能弹性工作模式让人们能有更充裕的时间来实现健康的生活方式，或者是它让人们能更好的安排自己的时间。弹性工作制最初是为了帮助人们（尤其是女性）同时兼顾工作和家庭，但有关证据表明这显然不仅仅是女性的问题。

研究人员对一家大型医药公司职员的“健康风险评估”进行了分析，职员涉及仓储，生产和管理等多个不同的岗位。

一名研究人员说：“这不仅仅针对管理层，而是涉及到公司各个岗位的员工。”他说，该研究能让卫生部门和相关机构认识到，给员工更多的自由其实能带来很多益处。但他也说，要评估弹性工作制的长期益处还需要开展进一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

17.单选题

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

问题2选项

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

问题3选项

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

问题4选项

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

问题5选项

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.这位47岁的美甲师也没有像她想的那样修剪、填充或抛光那么多的指甲。她的大多数客户每周花费12至50美元，但上个月，两位老客户突然不再光顾。因此，斯珀罗开始缩减开支，在迪拉德位于克利夫兰郊区的家附近的中档百货商店购物，而不是去内曼•马库斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段内容可知虽然Ellen的生意没以前好了，但Ellen的生活状况并没有陷入绝望的境地。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是现在还没有发出警报。消费者似乎只是担心，并没有惊慌失措，许多人说，他们对经济的长期前景仍持乐观态度，尽管他们采取了一些适度的紧缩措施。可知消费者对经济形势保持乐观态度，故A项正确。

3.判断推理题。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多数地区，房价保持稳定。在曼哈顿，“新的淘金热在400万到1000万美元之间发生，主要是由华尔街的奖金推动的。”经纪人芭芭拉•科克伦说。在旧金山，房价仍在上涨，尽管疯狂的高出价已经平息。现在，你可能只会收到两三个offer，而不是20到30个。可知400万到1000万美元是指房价，整段都是围绕房价问题展开的，故B项正确。

4.判断推理题。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潜在的购房者会为更低的利率而欢呼。雇主们不会介意就业市场少一点泡沫。许多消费者似乎受到了股市波动的影响，投资者现在认为股市波动是持续繁荣的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好处。要在曼哈顿炙手可热的新阿兰杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐厅订到位子是不可能的，现在不是这样了。可知经济衰退也能带来一些好处。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。本文开篇用事例引出经济滑坡的话题，随后表明人们对经济下滑仍然保持乐观态度，最后指出，人们可从中可以得到不少好处。C项的“适度谨慎是必要的，无需惊慌”与本文相符，故C项正确。

18.单选题

Pallphonedthatbecauseofanemergencyhehadto____ourappointment.

问题1选项

A.callforth

B.calldown

C.callfor

D.calloff

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.callforth引起（某物）行动或存在B.calldown招致

C.callfor要求；需要D.calloff取消

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】前文内容为“因为紧急情况”，空格处所在部分内容为“他不得不____我们的约会”，根据句意可得，因为紧急情况的出现，他和我们的约会不得不取消比较符合逻辑。因此，D选项calloff“取消”符合原句语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】Pall打电话说，因为有紧急情况他不得不取消我们的约会。

19.单选题

Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactsare（

）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

问题1选项

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。referred提到，关系到；perceived感觉，认为；recommended推荐，劝告；presumed以为，假定。句意：一项研究发现，眼神接触多的求职者会被视为更有警觉、独立、自信和有责任心。B项符合句意，答案B

20.单选题

Manyareuninhabitable,byvirtueoftheirsmallsizeandparticularcharacteristics,buteventhemostfavoredareveryisolatedfragmentsofland,strictlycircumscribedbytheocean,strictlylimitedintermsofthenumbersofpeopletheycansupport.

问题1选项

A.located

B.flooded

C.restric