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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海视觉艺术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

问题1选项

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

问题2选项

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

问题3选项

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

问题4选项

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项不是文章提到的关于年轻人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年轻人受了良好的教育。他们花钱享受自由。他们很快成长并且不依赖父母。”(Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents),由此可以得知只有选项D“努力工作”没有提及到,符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“年轻人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他们怀疑上一代人的设想,并且打破了他们的满足状态”(Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency),第二段后面的那几个问句都体现出了年轻一代不再固守成规,不愿意像上一代人一样,选项C“一致性”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么年轻人强调现在”。文章最后一段提到“对现在的重视是意料之中的,因为年轻人是在炸弹的阴影下长大,且经受着被彻底毁灭的威胁”(Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation),选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“老一辈能从年轻一辈那里学到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一辈愿意学习年轻一辈的话,最重要的一课便是享受并不是罪过(Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”),选项A符合题意。

2.单选题

GiladShalit,anIsraelisoldierheldformorethanfiveyearsbyHamas,theIslamistPalestiniangroupthatrunsGaza,wasfreedinexchange()1,027Palestinianprisoners.Thefirstbatchof477ofthemwasreleasedthisweek;theremainderareexpectedtobelet()nextmonth.

问题1选项

A.for,out

B.for,off

C.of,out

D.of,off

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。inexchangefor“用……交换(物品间交换)”;inexchangeof“换取”;let(sb)off“宽恕,使爆炸/爆发”;let(sb)out“释放/放出,泄露,出租”。句意:吉拉德•沙利特,一名被管理加沙的巴勒斯坦伊斯兰组织哈马斯关押了5年多的以色列士兵,以交换1027名巴勒斯坦囚犯为条件后获释。其中的477人已于本周获释,其余的人预计将于下月获释。由题意可知第一空应该填inexchangeof,第二空应填letout,因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Probablythehardestpartofsettinggoalsisthefirststepofactuallydecidingtotakeaction!Thefirstbarrierfacingmostpeopleistheincorrectassumptionthatgoalsareonlyforbusinesspeople.Therealityiseveryonesetsgoalsmentallythroughouttheday.Therearealwaysoccasionswheresomethinghastobedoneataparticulartimeorinaparticularplace.Simpleexamplescouldbegettingupatacertaintimeinordertobeatwork,ortomeetwithafriendforaleisureactivity.

Thebeautyofhavinggoalsistheuniquenessofeachonetothegoalsetter.Whetheritispersonal,financial,businessorspiritual,theyareallspecifictothatpersonandtheircircumstances.

Themostimportantpartinitiallyistowritethemdown.Havinggoalswrittendowngivesyouincrediblepowerwhilehelpingyoutofocusonthisarea.

Aimforsomethingthatwillstretchyouwhileremainingachievable.Ifyouachieveyourgoaltooeasily,itisnothighenoughtomakeanysignificantchangeinyourlifeandneedstobeadjusted.Ontheotherhand,ifyouconsistentlymissthegoals,re-evaluate,andconsidersettingthemalittlelowerasyouwillonlygetdiscouragedandprobablygiveup.Theaimistokeepgrowing,andmovingintoamoresatisfactorypositionforyourparticularcircumstance.

Asyouobtainthelevelsthatyouhavesetforyourself,alwaysincludeasmallrewardateachpoint.Thismightonlybeasmallthingintheearlydayslikeamealoutoraweekendvacation.

Rememberthatthesechangeswillnothappenovernightandtherewillbeaperiodoftimewhennothingseemstobehappening.Thisiswhythegoalsneedtobedetailedandasspecificaspossiblewithaconsequenceandabenefit.

Allowsometimeonadailybasistoeducateyourselfonhowtomakethenecessaryadjustmentsinyourlife.ThiscouldincludelisteningtoaCD,orreadingabookonmotivation,etc.

Asimplemethodtostartwithcouldbeonegoalinthemainareasoflifetobeachievedinonemonth,sixmonths,twelvemonthsorfiveyears.Breakthatdownfurtherintoadaily,weeklyandmonthlysystem.Stayfocusedanddisciplinedtoachieveallthatyoudesire.

41.ThesimpleexamplesinParagraph1conveythemessagethat______.

42.Thecharmofhavinggoalsisthateachgoalis______.

43.Agoodgoalisonethat______.

44.Goalshavetobedetailedsothatpeople______.

45.Foragoaltobeachieved,onehasto______.

问题1选项

A.goalsaresetmostlyforimportantthings

B.mostpeopleknowwhenitistimetosetgoals

C.itisnecessarytosetgoalsoccasionally

D.peoplesetgoalstogetthingsdoneallthetime

问题2选项

A.important

B.motivated

C.special

D.spiritual

问题3选项

A.keepsgrowingallthetime

B.ishighenoughyetattainable

C.movesoneintoasatisfactoryposition

D.isevaluatedfromtimetotime

问题4选项

A.willeventuallyreachthelevelssetforthemselves

B.canknowtheirachievementsateachstage

C.maygetsmallrewardssuchasamealout

D.canadjustthemonvariousoccasions

问题5选项

A.concentrateonituntilisattained

B.adaptoneselftonewchanges

C.divertfromroutinesometimes

D.believeinwhatheisdoing

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】41.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“第一段的简单例子传达了一个什么信息”。第一段第三句提到Therealityiseveryonesetsgoalsmentallythroughouttheday.Therearealwaysoccasionswheresomethinghastobedoneataparticulartimeorinaparticularplace.(事实上,每个人每天都在心里设定目标。总有一些场合需要在特定的时间或地点做一些事情),由此可知,第一段讲述简单的例子是为了向读者传达人们设定目标来完成事情,故D项“人们总是设定目标来完成事情”符合题意。A项“设定目标主要是为了重要的事情”,文中只提到了某些事情,并没有强调重要的事情,这是偷换概念;B项“大多数人都知道什么时候该设定目标”,第一段第二句提到Thefirstbarrierfacingmostpeopleistheincorrectassumptionthatgoalsareonlyforbusinesspeople.(大多数人面临的第一个障碍是错误的假设,认为目标只适用于商务人士),由此可知,大多数人不知道目标适用于每一个人,因此该项错误;C项“偶尔设定目标是必要的”没有提到。故该题选D正确。

42.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干的意思是“拥有目标的魅力在于每个目标都是……”。文章第二段提到Thebeautyofhavinggoalsistheuniquenessofeachonetothegoalsetter.(设定目标的美妙之处在于每个目标对设定者来说都是独一无二的),由uniqueness可知,设立目标的奇妙之处在于它的独特性,独一无二的同义词是special,故C项“特别的”符合题意。A项“重要的”和B项“有动机的”文中都没有提到;D项“精神的,高尚的”是指目标的类型,故该题选C正确。

43.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节推断题。题干的意思是“好的目标是……”。第四段第一句话提到Aimforsomethingthatwillstretchyouwhileremainingachievable.(把目标定在那些既能拓展你的能力又能保持可实现的事情上),由此可知一个好的目标是超出自身的水平但是仍然可以实现,故B项“足够高但是可以达到”更符合题意;A项“一直保持发展”和C项“使一个人达到一个满意的位置”,在第四段最后一句提到Theaimistokeepgrowing,andmovingintoamoresatisfactorypositionforyourparticularcircumstance(我们的目标是不断发展,并针对您的特殊情况找到一个更令人满意的职位)这是设定目标的内容/目的,因此这两项不符合题意;D项“不时的评估”,根据句子Ontheotherhand,ifyouconsistentlymissthegoals,re-evaluate,andconsidersettingthemalittlelowerasyouwillonlygetdiscouragedandprobablygiveup.(另一方面,如果你总是错过目标,重新评估,考虑把目标定得低一点,那么你只会感到沮丧,很可能会放弃),由此可知不时评估目标不是真正的好目标;故该题选B正确。

44.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干的意思是“目标必须详细以便于人们……”。根据文章的倒数第三段Rememberthatthesechangeswillnothappenovernightandtherewillbeaperiodoftimewhennothingseemstobehappening.Thisiswhythegoalsneedtobedetailedandasspecificaspossiblewithaconsequenceandabenefit.(记住,这些变化不会在一夜之间发生,会有一段时间似乎什么都没有发生。这就是为什么目标要尽可能的详细和具体,并且要考虑到结果和好处。)可知,因为目标不会一下子实现,甚至可能一段时间都会感觉什么都没发生,所以目标要尽可能地详细以便于人们能够知道他们到达哪一步,因此B项“可以知道他们在每个阶段的成就”符合题意;A项“最终会达到为自己设定的水平”没有提到;C项“可能会得到一些小奖励,比如出去吃饭”,文章第五段提到Asyouobtainthelevelsthatyouhavesetforyourself,alwaysincludeasmallrewardateachpoint.(当你获得自己设定的关卡时,在每一个点上都包含一个小奖励),由此可知小奖励是达到设定的目标后所获得的,而不是目标要详细的原因;D项“可以在不同场合调整”,根据倒数第二段Allowsometimeonadailybasistoeducateyourselfonhowtomakethenecessaryadjustmentsinyourlife.(每天给自己一些时间来学习如何在你的生活中做出必要的调整)可知,是在生活中做出调整,而不是任何场合。故该题选B正确。

45.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干的意思是“为了实现一个目标,你必须……”。文章最后一句提到Stayfocusedanddisciplinedtoachieveallthatyoudesire(保持专注和自律,去实现你想要的一切),由此可知,为了实现目标必须要保持自律和专注,故A项“对目标专注直到达到它”符合题意;B项“使自己适应新的变化”,C项“有时偏离常规”和D项“相信正在干的事情”没有提到;因此该题选A正确。

4.单选题

Ifaspeciesofparasiteistosurvive,thehostorganismsmustlivelongenoughfortheparasitetoreproduce;ifthehostspeciesbecomes______,sodoitsparasites.

问题1选项

A.succumbed

B.extinct

C.infertile

D.widespread

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项succumbed为succumb的过去分词,表示“屈服”,B项extinct“灭绝的,绝种的”,C项infertile“不肥沃的,不毛的”,D项widespread“普遍的,广泛的”。由hostorganisms(宿主)可知,hostspecies指的一种寄生虫寄生的生物,而前面是说“如果一种寄生虫要存活,宿主必须活得足够长,以便寄生虫繁殖”,那么后面讲的是另外一种情况,所以只有B项符合。句意:如果一种寄生虫要存活下来,宿主有机体必须活得足够长,以便寄生虫繁殖;如果宿主物种灭绝,它的寄生虫也会灭绝。因此,该题选择B项。

5.单选题

Thenewscommentatorsaysthattheargumentthespeakerhaspresenteddoesnot()water.

问题1选项

A.have

B.contain

C.include

D.hold

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。holdwater意为“站得住脚,合情合理,说得通”。这里指演讲者提出的论点说不通。选项D正确。

6.单选题

Thecarinfront____suddenlyatthetrafficlight.

问题1选项

A.pulledin

B.pulledinto

C.pulledup

D.pulledthrough

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.pulledin停下B.pulledinto驶入……后停下,如进站、进车库等

C.pulledup慢慢停下D.pulledthrough渡过难关

【答案】A

【考查点】词组辨析

【解题思路】空格处所填的内容,受副词suddenly“突然地”修饰,并且主语为“前面的车”,后文为“在红绿灯处”,参考选项推断原句表达的句意为“前面的车在红绿灯那突然停下”。因此,A选项“停下”符合原句句意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项pulledinto侧重于指驶入某处后停下,如进站、进车库等,与“在红绿灯处”矛盾;

C选项pulledup侧重于指慢慢停下,与suddenly“突然地”矛盾;

D选项pulledthrough“渡过难关”,不符合原句句意。

【句意】前面的车在红绿灯那突然停下。

7.单选题

Whenthehostessreceivedmycomplimentonhernewcar,sherespondedwithgreatpleasureabouthowthecarisa()buy.

问题1选项

A.modest

B.choice

C.superior

D.eloquent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A:modest“谦虚的”;B:choice“精选的”;C:superior“优秀的,出众的”;D:eloquent“意味深长的”。句意:当女主人听到我对她新车的赞美,她高兴地对我讲起来这辆车是如何精心挑选的。结合此处句意,故B为正确答案。

8.单选题

Assoonasshecoulddosowithoutanappearanceofbeingrude,shepretendedto()rose,andlefthimtherealone.

问题1选项

A.faint

B.urge

C.yawn

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。faint“昏倒,变得昏迷”;urge“催促,推进”;yawn“打哈欠”;sink“下沉”。句意:只要她可以这么做而又不显得无礼时,她假装打了个哈欠,然后起身,留下他独自呆在那里。只有C项符合句意。

9.单选题

IwilltellTomheisanadoptedchild,butIwilldoitinduecourse.

问题1选项

A.atpropertime

B.ofcourse

C.inmyownway

D.soonerorlater

【答案】A

【解析】考查词义辨析。induecourse表示“在适当的时候,及时”;A项atpropertime“在适当的时候”,B项ofcourse“当然”,C项inmyownway“以我自己的方式”,D项soonerorlater“迟早,早晚”。句意:我会告诉汤姆他是收养的孩子,但我会在适当的时候告诉他。根据句意可知,该题选择A项正确。

10.单选题

TheFrencheducationsystemisverydifferentfromtheEnglishoneinitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.TheFrenchchildtoo,therawmaterialofthiseducationisunliketheEnglishchildanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywellaccountfordifferencesintheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeingintellectuallymoreprecociousthantheproductofthechillierEnglishclimate.Thisisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinanursery.Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthantheFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisionbetweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.TheartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandissomuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren'sfavoritebooksaretranslationsfromtheEnglish.

Frenchparentsontheotherhand,dotheirbesttodevelopthechild'sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittlepatiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookuponchildhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthattheyneedtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayingsandofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.ReasonablenessislookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

1.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat().

2.ThepassagesuggeststhattheFrenchchild().

3.Theword"prelude"inthephrase"…,butnecessarypreludetoadultlife"(inthe2ndsentenceofParagraph3)probablymeans().

4.IncomparisonwithFrenchchildren,Englishchildren().

5.Frenchmothers().

问题1选项

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

问题2选项

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

问题3选项

A.introductorystage

B.consequentevent

C.inevitableresult

D.acceptablereason

问题4选项

A.arelessintelligent

B.canstandchillierclimate

C.receivemorecarefromtheirparents

D.haveshorterchildhood

问题5选项

A.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirchildren

B.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirchildren'slives

C.theirchildren'sunexpectedlycleverremarks

D.lackpatienceineverything

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节推断题。根据第一段的内容可知,英国和法国在教育体系方面有着很大的差别。同时,作为教育的"原材料",两个国家的孩子们也存在着区别。教育所采取的方法不同是因为原材料不同,即因人而异。由此可推断,教育上的差异,不仅是教育方法不同,"原材料"也存在差异。所以选项B正确。

2.细节推断题。根据二三的的内容可知,法国的父母总是以成年人的思维对待和要求孩子,所以选项C符合原文。

3.introductorystage引入时期;consequentevent随之而来的事情;inevitableresult必然结果;acceptablereason可接受的原因。根据上下文的内容,儿童时期是成人生活的前奏,选项A符合原文。

4.细节推断题。根据原文第二段的第三句"Englishparentsreadilyadapttheirconversationtothechild'spointofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildishpreoccupation."英国父母很容易根据孩子的观点调整他们的谈话,并且使自己能够对孩子们的游戏和关注的一些幼稚的东西感兴趣。说明英国的孩子比法国孩子受到父母更多的关爱,选项C正确。

5.细节推断题。根据题干关键词Frenchmothers定位到最后一段的倒数第二句"ItisnotwithoutsignificancethattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild'sheartbyaskinghimtobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise."法国母亲不是通过要求孩子做个好人来打动孩子的心,而是通过要求他做个聪明的人来打动他的理智,这并非没有意义。选项A符合原文。

11.单选题

Sheis()tothecostuntiltragedyaltersherlifeandthelivesofthosearoundher.

问题1选项

A.ignorant

B.oblivious

C.unaware

D.unmindful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项ignorant“无知的,愚昧的”;B选项oblivious“健忘的,不注意的”;C选项unaware“未察觉的”;D选项unmindful“漫不经心的”。句意:直到悲剧改变了她和周围人的生活,她才意识到代价的存在。能和介词to搭配的只有B选项,beobliviousto是固定搭配,意为“不在意的;不以为意的”,所以选项B正确。

12.不定项选择题

Untilthetwentiethcentury(1900s),themajorityoftheblackpopulationlivedinthesouthernpartoftheUnitesStates.Thentherewasapopulation_1_tothelargecitiesintheNorth.Prejudice_2_blacksisoften_3_withtheSouth.Slaverywasmorecommonthereanddiscriminationwasusuallymoreblatant(easiertosee):Waterfountains,restrooms,andrestaurantswereoftendesignated“whiteonly”.

IntheNorth,discriminationwasusuallylessobvious,butcertainlyit_4_poorblackneighborhoods,ghettos,inmostlargecities.Thishappenedbecauseofdiscriminationinhousingandthemovementofwhitecity_5_tothesuburbs,oftencalled“whiteflight”.

Inthe1950sand1960s,blacksfoughttogain_6_treatment,andtheynowhavelegalprotection_7_housing,education,andemployment.Becausetheirneighborhoodsaresegregated,manyblacksfeelthateducationalopportunitiesarenot_8_fortheirchildren.Busingchildrenfromoneneighborhoodtoanotherisone_9_toinequalityineducation._10_,allparentswantthebestpossibleeducationfortheirchildren.

问题1选项

A.surge

B.movement

C.change

D.shift

问题2选项

A.toward

B.at

C.against

D.on

问题3选项

A.contributed

B.associated

C.related

D.referred

问题4选项

A.did

B.created

C.resulted

D.led

问题5选项

A.persons

B.citizens

C.residents

D.visitors

问题6选项

A.fair

B.good

C.excellent

D.best

问题7选项

A.with

B.in

C.on

D.at

问题8选项

A.adequate

B.much

C.rich

D.abundant

问题9选项

A.response

B.solution

C.field

D.correspondence

问题10选项

A.Therefore

B.Naturally

C.Consequently

D.Fortunately

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:B

第10题:B

【解析】第1题:考查动词辨析。A选项surge“汹涌:用力向某一特定方向快速移动”;B选项movement“运动,活动”;C选项change“改变”;D选项shift“移动:把某物从一个位置或地方移到另一个位置或地方”。句意:然后人口()到北方的大城市。前文里面提到黑人主要生活在美国南部,后面说“奴隶制在那里更为普遍,歧视通常更为明显(更容易看到)”再结合第二段开头“在北方,歧视通常不那么明显……”,所以可以判断出应该是南方的黑人转移到了北方,这里不强调是否用特定的方式快速移动,所以A选项错误;且空格后有to,一般shift和to搭配。D选项正确。

第2题:考查固定搭配。句意:关于黑人的偏见总是()南方。这里的名词Prejudice一般和介词against搭配,所以答案选C。

第3题:考查固定搭配。句意:关于黑人的偏见总是()南方。空格后面有介词with;选项中能和with搭配的只有B选项,所以答案选B。

第4题:考查上下文语义。A选项did“确实”;B选项created“创造”;C选项resulted“导致”;D选项led“领导”。句意:因为确实,它()不富裕的黑人邻居以及贫民窟。这里根据上下文意思,北方的歧视虽然不那么明显但是还是存在,所以造成了有贫民窟现象。所以答案选B。Do是助动词不能单独做谓语,所以不选;C选项是不及物动词后面得接介词再接宾语,所以不选;lead单独使用的时候“领导,引领”的意思,leadto才是导致的意思,所以D选项不能选。

第5题:考查名词辨析。A选项persons“人”;B选项citizens“市民,公民”;C选项residents“居民”;D选项visitors“游客”。句意:这是因为住房方面的歧视,以及城市白人()迁往郊区,这通常被称为“白人外逃”。这里根据上下文词义填“居民”最为合适,所以答案选C,因为空格前面有city修饰,如果再填citizens会造成语义重复,所以B选项不选。

第6题:考查上下文语义。A选项fair“公平的”;B选项good“好的”;C选项excellent“卓越的,杰出的”;D选项best“最好的”。句意:黑人为得到()对待而战。根据下文中的inequalityineducation可知这里黑人追求的是各个方面的平等。

第7题:考查介词意思。句意:现在他们在住房、教育、工作方面有了法律保证。这里根据句意,这里填的词义应该是“在……方面”,所以答案选B。

第8题:考查形容词辨析。A选项adequate“足够的”;B选项much“大量的”;C选项rich“富有的,肥沃的”;D选项abundant“丰富的”。句意:很多黑人都觉得他们孩子的教育机会不()。根据上文所描述的,黑人为自己的权利而战,已经取得成效了,但是在教育方面他们觉得他们孩子接受教育的机会不够,所以答案选A;这里所选的词汇要用来修饰opportunity,而C、D选项一般用来形容资源丰富;B选项一般用作副词,也一般不用作表语,所以不能选。

第9题:考查上下文文意。A选项response“反应,回答”;B选项solution“解决方案”;C选项field“领域,场地”;D选项correspondence“通信,一致,相当”。句意:用校车把孩子们从一个社区送到另一个社区是对教育不平等的一种()。承接上文,黑人因为自己的社区之间隔离起来了觉得自己孩子的教育机会不够,所以用巴士将社区之间连接起来就是解决教育资源不平等的方法了,所以答案选B。其他选项代入句中不符合句意。

第10题:考查副词词义。A选项Therefore“因此”;B选项Naturally“自然而然的”;C选项Consequently“因此,所以”;D选项Fortunately“幸运的”。句意:(),所有的父母都想让他们的孩子接受最好的教育。上句内容是解决教育不平等的方案,这句内容是父母希望孩子接受最好的教育,两句之间不存在因果关系,排除A、C选项;根据句意,排除D选项,所以答案选B。

13.单选题

Thatisindeedaharshstandard,andnottheoneIwanttogovernmylifeorthoseofotherpeople.

问题1选项

A.benefit

B.affect

C.damage

D.direct

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。govern在句中是“管理,统治”,A选项benefit“有利于”;B选项affect“影响”;C选项damage“毁灭,损害”;D选项direct“指导,管理”。句意:那的确是一个严厉的标准,而不是我想要的可以用来指导我的生活或其他的人的生活的标准。根据句意D项正确。

14.单选题

TheUnitedStatesandRussiahavereachedanagreementthatcallsforSyria’s()ofchemicalweaponstoberemovedordestroyedbythemiddleof2014,SecretaryofStateJohnKerrysaidonSaturday.

问题1选项

A.artillery

B.armor

C.arsenal

D.army

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。artillery“炮,炮兵部队”;armor“装甲,盔甲”;arsenal“兵工厂,军械库”;army“军队”。句意:美俄两国已经达成协议,要求叙利亚化学武器的军械库于2014年年中移除或者销毁。选项C符合题意。

15.单选题

Whenevertwoormoreunusualtraitsorsituationsarefoundinthesameplace,itistemptingtolookformorethanacoincidentalrelationshipbetweenthem.ThehighHimalayasandtheTibetanplateaucertainlyhaveextraordinaryphysicalcharacteristicsandthecultureswhicharefoundtherearealsounusual,thoughnotunique.HoweverthereisnointentionofadoptingMontesquieuviewofclimateandsoilasculturaldeterminants.Theecologyofaregionmerelyposessomeoftheproblemsfacedbytheinhabitantsoftheregion,andwhiletheproblemsfacingacultureareimportanttoitsdevelopment,theydonotdetermineit.

TheappearanceoftheHimalayasduringthelateTertiaryPeriodandtheaccompanyingfurtherraisingofthepreviouslyestablishedrageshadamarkedeffectontheclimateoftheregion.Primarily,ofcourse,itblockedtheIndianmonsoonfromreachingCentralAsiaatall.Secondarily,airandmoisturefromotherdirectionswerealsoreduced.

PriortotheraisingoftheHimalayas,thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.WiththecomingoftheHimalayasandtherelativelysuddendryingoutoftheregion,therewasaseverethinningoutoftheanimalandplantpopulation.TheensuingincompletePleistoceneglaciationshadafurtherthinningeffect,butsignificantlydidnotwipeoutlifeinthearea.Thusaftertheendoftheglaciationstherewereonlyafewvarietiesoflifeextantfromtheoriginalcontinentalspecies.IsolatedbytheKunlunrangefromtheTarimbasinandTurfandepression,specieswhichhadalreadyadaptedtothedrysteppeclimate,andwouldotherwisehavebeenexpectedtoflourishinTibetan,theremainingnativefaunaandfloramultiplied.ArmanddescribestheTibetanfaunaasnothavinggreatvariety,butbeing"striking*'intheabundanceoftheparticularspeciesthatarepresent.Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacingtheunavailablevegetables.

Thedifficultiesoflivinginanenvironmentatoncedryandcold,andpopulatedwithspeciesmoreusuallyfoundinmorehospitableclimates,aregreat.Thesedifficultiesmaywellhaveinfluencedtheunusualpolyandrous(一妻多夫制)societiestypicaloftheregion.Lattimoreseesthemaintenanceofmultiple-husbandhouseholdsasbeingpreservedfromearlierformsbytheharshconditionsoftheTibetanuplands,whichpermittednoexperimentationand"froze"thecultureswhichcamethere.Kawakita,ontheotherhand,seesthepolyandryasawayofeasilypermittingthebesthouseholdertobecometheheadhusbandregardlessofage.HisdetailedstudiesoftheBhoteavillageofTsumjedoseemtosupportthisideaofpolyandryasamethodoftalentmobilityisasituationwhereeventhebesttalentisbarelyenoughforsurvival.

Insum,thoughargumentscanbemadethatapre-existingpolyandroussystemwasstrengthenedandpreserved(insofarasithasbeen)bytherigorsoftheland,itwouldcertainlybeanoverstatementtolaycausativefactorsofanystrongernaturetotheecologicalinfluencesinthiscase.

1.Whatarethe“unusualtraitsorsituations”referredtointhefirstsentence?

2.Thepurposeofthepassageisto(

).

3.Theauthor’sknowledgeofTibetisprobably

).

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwouldprobablybethemostagreeabletoMontesquieu?

5.ThespeciesoffaunaandfloraremaininginTibetafterthePleistoceneglaciationscanproperlybecalledcontinentalbecausethey(

).

问题1选项

A.Patternsofanimalandplantgrowth.

B.FoodandfoodpreparationpatternsoftheuplandTibetans.

C.SocialandfamilialorganizationoftypicalTibetansociety.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.analyzethepossiblecausallinksbetweenTibetanecologyandsociety

B.describethesocialorganizationoftypicalTibetanvillages

C.describeTibetanfaunaandflora

D.analyzethemysteriesofthesuddenappearanceoftheHimalayas

问题3选项

A.basedonfirsthandexperience

B.theresultoflifelongstudies

C.derivedfrombooksonly

D.limitedtogeologicalhistory

问题4选项

A.Allregionshavedifferentsoilsandthus,differentcultures.

B.someregionswithsimilarclimateswillhavesimilarcultures.

C.Culturesinthesamearea,sharingsoilandclimate,willbeessentiallyidentical.

D.Theplantsofacountry,bybeingthefoodofitspeople,causethepeopletohavesimilarviewstooneanother.

问题5选项

A.areoriginallyfoundincontinentalclimates

B.aretheonlylifeformsinTibet,whichisasbigasacontinent

C.havebeenfoundinotherpartsoftheAsiancontinent

D.arefoundinlandmassthatusedtobeaseparatecontinent

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目提问‘第一句中提到的“不寻常的特征或情况”是什么?’根据第三段第一句“..thelandnowformingtheTibetanuplandshadadry,continentalclimatewithvegetationandanimallifesimilartothatofmuchoftherestoftheregiononthesameparallel,butsomewhatdifferentthanthatoftheareasfarthernorth,whichwerealreadydrier.青藏高原地带是干燥的大陆性气候,动物和植被与同纬度的相似,但是与更北的地区有些不同,那里更干燥。”可以推知A项动植物生长模式‘’符合其特征。根据第三段倒数第二句“Theplantlifeissimilarlylimitedinvariety,withsomeobserversfindingnomorethanseventyvarietiesofplantsineventherelativelyfertileEasternTibetanvalleys,withfewerthantenfoodcrops.Tibetan"tea"isamajorstaple,perhapsreplacing

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