考研考博-英语-东华理工大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东华理工大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Iam（）toMr.MorrisonbecauseofthekindnessandconcernthatheshowedmewhenIfirstgothere.

问题1选项

A.gratified

B.indebted

C.due

D.desirous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。gratified“称心的，宽慰的”；indebted“感激的，受惠的”；due“到期的，应付的”；desirous“渴望的，想要的”。句意：因为当我第一次到这儿时莫里森先生的友善和关心，我对此是感激的。选项B符合题意。

2.翻译题

70年代以来，美国华人社会发生了重大的变化。最显著的是许多来自大陆的中国人不断涌入美国，使美国华人的人数猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

3.单选题

Whilethedoctoranalyzedthepatient’scondition,hisfamilywaitedoutsideinconsiderable（

）.

问题1选项

A.tension

B.anticipation

C.eagerness

D.anxiety

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。tension意为“拉紧，（精神、局势等）紧张。”；anticipation意为“期待，希望”；eagerness意为“渴望，热心，热切”；anxiety意为“焦虑，挂虑，忧虑”。

句意：医生分析病人的病情时，他的家人在外面相当焦急地等待着。

4.单选题

AtdawnonSeptember5th,1972,abandof“BlackSeptember”ArabguerrillasbrokeintotheIsraelibuildingintheOlympicvillagenearMunichwhere10,000athleteswerestaying.Over250plainclothespolicehadbeenbroughtintothevillage,followingatip-offtroubleahead,butnoneofthemsawtheArabsscalethefence.TheyburstintotheIsraelibuildingwithsubmachinegunsblazingat5:10am.SomeIsraeliathletesescapedthroughthewindowsandsidedoors.Nineweretakenhostage.Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany.WithinhourstheOlympicvillagewassurroundedby13,000police.TheOlympicGamesweresuspended.Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry.TheyweretakenbyhelicoptertotheFurstenfieldmilitaryairport25milesfromMunich.JustbeforemidnighttheguerrillasandtheirhostagesbegantowalkacrossthetarmactoawaitingBoeing727aircraft.SuddenlyalltheairportlightswereturnedoutandGermanpolicesharpshootersopenedfire.Therescueattemptfailedtragically.Inthegunbattleallninehostages,werekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods.Onthe8th，IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre.

1.ThemostpossiblereasonforIsraeliathletesbeingattackedandkidnappedisthat（

）.

2.Whenthetroubletookplace,theOlympicGames（

）.

3.Theterroristsweretoldthattheywouldbeprobablysentbyairto

（

）.

4.HowmanyArabswerethereasterrorists?

5.WhatdoyouthinkPalestineandIsraelwouldactnext?

问题1选项

A.theyhadaconflictwiththeArabguerrillas

B.theArabguerrillaswantedtosavethePalestiniansheldinIsraelijails.

C.theGermanGovernmenthatedIsrael

D.theArabguerrillashopedtogetalargesumofmoney

问题2选项

A.werecompleted

B.weregoingon

C.weretobefinished

D.weretotakeplace

问题3选项

A.Italy

B.India

C.Syria

D.Nigeria

问题4选项

A.Seven

B.Eight

C.Nine

D.Itwasn’tmentioned

问题5选项

A.Theywouldbeginanotherconflict.

B.Theywouldbegintonegotiate

C.Theywouldtrytoimproveeachother’srelation

D.TheywouldturntoUN.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章指出：Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany（这些游击队员要求释放被关押在以色列监狱的200名巴勒斯坦人并安全地离开德国），因此B项“这些阿拉伯游击队员想解救被关押在以色列监狱的巴勒斯坦人”正确。

2.细节事实题。由文中“TheOlympicGamesweresuspended（奥运会被暂停）”可知当时奥运会正在进行。故选B。

3.判断推理题。文章指出：Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry（经过一些协商，恐怖分子们被告知他们和其人质将被用飞机送到一个阿拉伯国家），四个选项中，只有C项“叙利亚”属于阿拉伯国家。

4.细节事实题。文中指出：Inthegunbattleallninehostageswerekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods(枪战中9名人质全被打死，4名阿拉伯恐怖分子和一名警察也被杀。三名阿拉伯恐怖分子被捕，其中一名阿拉伯恐怖分子逃入附近的树林）。因此枪战中一共8个阿拉伯恐怖分子。

5.细节事实题。文章指出：Onthe8th,IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre（8号，以色列的飞机轰炸了10个游击队基地来报复慕尼黑的屠杀）。因此推测A项“他们将开始另外一场冲突”正确。

5.翻译题

Whatisthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressure?Takeyourpick,asthebestexercisetocontrolhighbloodpressureseemstobevirtuallyanyexercise,likewalkingorcyclingorlightweighttraining,especiallyifyourworkoutsarespreadthroughouttheday.

“Evenstandingmightwork,”saysGlennGaesser,thedirectoroftheHealthyLifestylesResearchCenteratArizonaStateUniversityandanexpertonexerciseandhypertension.Exerciselowersbloodpressureinlargepartbyalteringbloodvesselstiffnesssobloodflowsmorefreely.Thiseffectoccursduringandimmediatelyafteraworkout,sotheblood-pressurebenefitsfromexercisearemostpronouncedrightafter,youworkout.Asaresult,thebestwaytofighthypertensionmaybetodivvyupyourworkoutintobite-sizepieces.

Ina2012studybyDr.Gaesser,three10-minutewalksspreadthroughoutthedaywerebetteratpreventingsubsequentspikesinbloodpressure—whichcanindicateworseningbloodpressurecontrol—thanone30-minutewalk.Andifevena10-minutewalksoundsdaunting,trystandingmoreoften.InanotherstudyledbyDr.GaesserandpublishedinAugust,overweightvolunteerswithbloodpressureproblemswereaskedtositcontinuouslyduringaneight-hourworkdaywhiletheirbloodpressurewasmonitored.Thereadingswere,asexpected,unhealthy.

Butwhen,duringanotherworkday,thosevolunteersstoodupeveryhourforatleast10minutes,theirbloodpressurereadingsimprovedsubstantially.Thereadingswereevenbetterwhen,onadditionalworkdays,thevolunteersstrolledatapokey1-mile-per-hourpaceattreadmilldesksforatleast10minuteseveryhourorpedaledunder-deskexercisebikesforthesamenumberofminuteseveryhour.

“Exerciseintensitydoesnotappeartoplayanysignificantrole”inhelpingpeoplecontrolbloodpressure,Dr.Gaessersays.Movementiswhatmatters.Sogoforastrollafewtimesduringthedayorsimplystandupmoreoftentodevelophealthierbloodpressure.

【答案】【参考译文】

控制血压的最佳锻炼方式是什么？任何锻炼都好，几乎所有运动对控制血压都非常有效，比如步行、骑车或是轻的负重练习，全天式的锻炼会让减压效果更好。

亚利桑那州立大学健康生活方式研究中心的主任格林•盖瑟尔是位锻炼与高血压方面的专家，他认为“哪怕站着也会有帮助。”锻炼降低血压的原因，主要是因为运动可以改善血管硬度使得血流更加通畅。这样的效果在锻炼中和锻炼后都会马上显现，因而在刚刚运动完其降压效果尤其明显。结论就是最好的对抗高血压的方式，是类似少食多餐那样进行少量多次的运动。

在盖瑟尔2012年发表的一篇报告中，他建议将一天运动量均分为3个时长为10分钟的步行，这样比一次步行30分钟相比可以更好预防血压出现峰值，血压峰值出现往往意味着控压恶化。甚至说如果10分钟步行听着都有些吓人的话，那就多站站。盖瑟尔博士主导过另一项研究并将成果于8月出版，研究要求一些超重并有高血压问题的志愿者在8小时的工作日里一直坐在座位上，同时监测其血压，结果发现血压读数如预料的一样非常不健康。

但在另一个工作日，当要求这些志愿者每小时至少站立10分钟后，他们的血压读数显著改善。接着在另外一个工作日，这些志愿者需要每小时用带跑步机的书桌慢速走10分钟（配速为每小时1英里/1.6公里），或者用桌下型蹬车器每小时练习10分钟，锻炼后的血压读数改善得更为显著。

盖瑟尔博士称就辅助人们控制血压方面来说，“锻炼强度起不到什么作用。”运动起来才是关键。所以每天多走几步或多站几次来打造健康血压吧。

6.单选题

Thegreatuseofschooleducationisnotsomuchtoteachyouthings（

）toteachyoutheartoflearning.

问题1选项

A.than

B.ratherthan

C.nor

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定用法。Notsomuch…as表示“不是······而是······”。句意：学校教育的重大作用不是教给你什么而是教给你学习的方法。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Wehaveplannedanexcitingpublicity_______withouradvertisers.

问题1选项

A.struggle

B.conflict

C.battle

D.campaign

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项struggle“奋斗；抗争”；B选项conflict“冲突；争执”；C选项battle“战役；较量”；D选项campaign“战役；（有计划的）活动”。句意：我们和我们的广告商计划了一个令人兴奋的宣传_______。根据语境，这里是指广告宣传活动，所以campaign“（有计划的）活动”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Toabsorbayoungerworkforce,manycompaniesofferedretirementplansasincentivesforolderworkerstoretireandmakewayfortheyoungeroneswhoearnedlowersalaries.

问题1选项

A.rewards

B.opportunities

C.motives

D.stimuli

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。incentive“激励；奖励；诱因”；A选项reward“奖励；奖赏”；B选项opportunity（其复数形式为opportunities）“时机，机会”；C选项motive“动机，目的”；D选项stimuli（其为stimulus的复数形式）“激励；刺激；促进因素”。句意：为了吸收更年轻的劳动力，许多公司推出了退休计划，以激励年龄较大的员工退休，为工资较低的年轻员工让路。根据句中“retirementplans退休计划”可知incentive在这里的意思应为“激励”，因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.

Asaresult,manypeopleavoidtheveryattemptsthataresourceoftruehappiness.Theyfearthepaininevitablybroughtbysuchthingsasmarriage,raisingchildren,professionalachievement,religiouscommitment,orself-improvement.

Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventure,andexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.

Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight’ssleeporthree-dayvacation.Idon’tknowwhyanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfantodescriberaisingchildren.Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.

Understandingandacceptingthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisonemostliberatingrealization.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.

1.Tounderstandwhattruehappinessisonemust（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,abachelorresistsmarriagechieflybecause（

）.

3.Raisingchildren,intheauthor’sopinion,is（

）.

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthatenvysometimesstemsfrom（

）.

5.Whatisthemainpointtheauthorisgoingtotellus?

问题1选项

A.putupwithpainunderallcircumstances

B.beabletodistinguishhappinessfromfun

C.makeeveryefforttoliberateoneselffrompain

D.haveasmuchfunaspossibleduringone’slifetime

问题2选项

A.hefindsmorefunindatingthaninmarriage

B.heisreluctanttotakeonfamilyresponsibilities

C.hebelievesthatlifewillbemorecheerfulifheremainssingle

D.hefearsitwillputanendtoallhisfunadventureandexcitement

问题3选项

A.amoralduty

B.athanklessjob

C.arewardingtask

D.asourceofsuffering

问题4选项

A.hatred

B.ignorance

C.prejudice

D.misunderstanding

问题5选项

A.Happinessoftengoeshandinhandwithpain

B.Onemustknowhowtoattainhappiness.

C.Itisimportanttomakecommitments

D.Itispainthatleadstohappiness.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第一段：Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.如果娱乐和快乐等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸。...theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.但事实上，恰恰相反;导致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。确定B选项’娱乐与幸福区分开来‘正确。A选项’忍受各种环境下的痛苦‘、C选项’尽一切努力让自己从痛苦中解脱出来‘、D选项’—生当中，尽可能的娱乐‘与原文不符，排除。

2.根据文章第三段：Ifheishonesthewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisinfactquitepainful.如果他是诚实的他会告诉你他害怕做出承诺，承诺是非常痛苦的。确定B选项‘他不愿意承担家庭责任‘正确。A选项’他发现约会比婚姻有更多的乐趣‘、C选项’他相信，如果他继续单身，他的生活会更加快乐‘、D选项’他害怕结束生活中的快乐、冒险和刺激‘与原文不符，排除。

3.根据文章第四段：Butcoupleswhodecidenottohavechildrenneverknowthejoysofwatchingachildgrowuporofplayingwithagrandchild.但是，决定不生孩子的夫妻永远体会不到看着一个孩子长大和含饴弄孙所带来的快乐。确定C选项‘是一项有回报的使命‘正确。A选项‘一种道德义务’、B选项‘一项吃力不讨好的工作’、D选项‘是痛苦的来源’与原文矛盾。

4.根据文章最后一句：Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthosewhoarealreadyhavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.它把我们从嫉妒中解放出来：我们现在知道那些总是有那么多乐趣的人也许根本就不幸福。确定D选项‘误解’正确。A选项‘憎恨’、B选项‘无知，愚昧’、C选项‘偏见’不符合原文，排除。

5.根据文章第一段：Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness.我们坚信充满乐趣，没有痛苦的生活就等于幸福，实际上减少了他们获得真正幸福的机会。Iffunandpleasureareequaltohappiness,thenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue;moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.如果娱乐和快乐等同于幸福，那么痛苦就等于不幸福。但事实上，但事实上，恰恰相反;导致幸福的事情往往包含一些痛苦。整个文章就是围绕这一主题展开论述的，所以A选项‘幸福经常与痛苦紧密相连’正确。B选项‘人必须知道怎样获得幸福’、C选项‘做出承诺很重要’原文没有提到。D选项‘是痛苦引起了幸福‘与原文矛盾，排除。

10.单选题

TheartsandCraftmovementintheUnitedStatesareresponsiblefor（）changeinattitudestowardthedecorativearts,thenconsideredtheminororhouseholdarts.

问题1选项

A.smashing

B.sleeping

C.sweeping

D.switching

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。smashing“极好的，猛烈的”；sleeping“睡着的”；sweeping“影响广泛的，规模大的”；switching“开关，动词的-ing形式”。句意：美国的艺术和工艺运动使人们对装饰艺术的态度发生了翻天覆地的变化，它考虑到低层次的艺术或家庭艺术。选项C符合题意。

11.单选题

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhytheyarealwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround."It'siniquitous,"theysay,"thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays.."

Thepooroldconsumer!He'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashing-machine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,ere,fromanadvertisement

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements,wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybye-lawwhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofthenewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerfulwilyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialsradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice.

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatchmatchanddispatch"columns;butbyFarthemostfascinatingsectionis!hepersonalor"agony"columns.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Advertisersshouldstopadvertisingandreducepriceofgoodsbecause（）.

2.Thepurposeofadvertisingisto（）.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（）.

5.Regardingadvertisements,wecanconcludethatthetoneoftheauthorofthispassageseemstobe（）.

6.Theword"they"inline3ofparagraph3,refersto（）.

7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorseemstosuggestthat（）.

问题1选项

A.criticsresentthem

B.theyhavesomuchtothrowaround

C.theconsumerpaysforallthecosts

D.advertiserscomeinforcriticisms

问题2选项

A.informthatconsumergoodsarecheap

B.inform

C.provideagreatdealofknowledge

D.bothsellgoodsandinform

问题3选项

A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

B.Everythinghastwosides.

C.Wastenot,wantnot.

D.it'snousecryingeverspiltmilk.

问题4选项

A.AdvertisersPerformaUsefulServicetotheCommunity

B.EntirelyUnproductiveIndustry

C.ThinkBig

D.GoodQualityProductsDon'tNeedtoBeAdvertised

问题5选项

A.critical

B.positive

C.negative

D.neutral

问题6选项

A.lotsofpeople

B.thesedays

C.advertisements

D.“they”inthefirstsentence

问题7选项

A.advertisementsareeverywhere

B.advertisementsarealotoffun

C.advertisementsareunnecessarilycostly

D.advertisementsmakeproductscheaper

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:C

第7题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句“Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays..”可知,选项C符合原文。

2.根据第二段的四五句“Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.”可知,广告除了推销产品,还有提供信息的功能,所以选项D正确。

3.选项A“上帝帮助自助之人”；选项B“每一样事物都有两个方面”；选项C“不浪费,不匮乏”；选项D“覆水难收”。根据第四段的第一句“Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.”前两段作者描述了广告对消费者的负面影响,最后两段又讲述了广告的积极影响,所以选项B最为恰当。

4.作者在文章前两段讲述了广告对消费者的负面影响,但又提到广告可以提供信息等其他积极作用。这是先抑后扬的写作手法,目的是为了突出后面的积极作用,所以选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段末句“It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!”可以看出,作者的态度是积极的,选项B正确。

6.根据原文,“they”很有趣,接下来列举了一下例子,由此可推测,这里的“they”指的是广告,选项C正确。

7.根据最后一段最后两句,报纸上没有任何其他文章能提供如此有趣的阅读,或提供对人性如此深刻的洞察。这是最好的广告!由此可知,作者主要强调的是广告的有趣性,所以选项B正确。

12.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.

1.Whatremainspertinentisthereport'svisionoftheroleofgovernmentinresearch,includinghisassertionthatthefederalgovernmenthadboththeauthorityandtheobligationtosupportbasicresearch.

2.Thecriticismandbudgetcutsdirectedatuniversitieshavecreateduneaseandacorrespondingsearchforsolutions.

3.Wewouldn'thavenetworkscapableofhandlingmassiveamountsofdataifphysicistsandastronomershadn'tcontinuouslyforgedtoolstolookmoredeeplyintotheuniverse.

4.Ratherthanevaluatingprogramsintermsofhowhappytheymakepeople,howsatisfiedthosepeoplebecome,programsmustbeevaluatedintermsofthequalityofthediscontenttheyengender.

5.Whenamaniswrong,heiswrong,andthereisnoneedforonetobeimpressedandoverawedbyagreatnameorbythenumberofbooksthathehasreadandwehaven’t.

【答案】1.该报告对政府在研究中所扮演的角色的看法仍然中肯，他认为联邦政府有权利，也有义务支持基础研究。

2.针对大学的批评以及削减其财政预算，既造成了不安定因素，又激发了解决相应问题的探索精神。

3.如果物理学家和天文学家不曾连续发明工具，以便更深入地探讨宇宙的话，我们就不会有能够处理大量信息的网络系统。

4.对于各项计划的评估，不要看其令人们高兴的程度，让人们满意的程度，而要看其引起的不满情绪属于什么性质。

5.当一个人犯错误时，他就是错了，不必因震于他的大名，或震于他的高深学问，而对他有所畏惧。

13.单选题

AsfarasIknow,theclerkhas______$1,000tothecollectionforthementalinstitution.

问题1选项

A.enlisted

B.embezzled

C.dissipated

D.subscribed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项enlist“支持，从军，应募”，B项embezzle“盗用，挪用，贪污”，C项dissipate“浪费，使……消散”，D项subscribe“订阅，捐款，认购”。根据关键词$1,000可知collection表示“募捐”，所以用subscribe符合语境。句意：据我所知，那位职员已为那家精神病院捐款一千元。因此，该题选择D项正确。

14.单选题

Astheoldmanlaydyinghekept（）

theexperiencesofhisboyhoodinAfrica.

问题1选项

A.complainingof

B.enteringinto

C.ramblingabout

D.turningup

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析题。complainof

抱怨；enterinto

进入；rambleabout

漫步于，闲逛；turnup出现、发生。句意：老人在称留之际，思绪一直漫游在他美好童年时代的非洲生活经历当中。选项C符合句意。

15.单选题

Herjewellery______underthespotlight.

问题1选项

A.glanced

B.flattered

C.burned

D.glittered

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项glance“瞥闪，瞥见，扫视”，B项flatter“奉承，谄媚”，C项burn“燃烧，烧毁，灼伤”，D项glitter“闪光，闪烁”。根据句子关键词jewellery“珠宝”可知，D项最符合语境。句意：她的首饰在聚光灯下闪闪发光。因此，该题选择D项正确。

16.单选题

Itisourfirm（）thatastepforwardhasbeentakenandwillbringthecountrybacktoeconomicprosperity.

问题1选项

A.conviction

B.empowerment

C.imperative

D.proposition

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。conviction确信，证明；empowerment许可，授权；imperative命令，需要，势在必行；proposition提议，命题。句意：我们坚信，已经向前迈出了一步，并将使国家恢复经济繁荣。选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

问题1选项

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.approached临近（过去式或过去分词）B.distant远的

C.neighbor邻居n.D.adjacent相邻的

【答案】D

【考查点】语义衔接与近义词辨析

【解题思路】原句语义为“____公寓里没有人被他们的争吵声吵醒。”按照语义和选项推测，争吵声吵醒的应该是临近公寓的人，该处所填词应该是一个形容词，修饰公寓。D选项adjacent“相邻的”符合要求。

【干扰项排除】

A选项approached“临近（过去式或过去分词）”，动词，不做定语修饰“公寓”；

B选项distant“远的”，不符合语义衔接；

C选项neighbor“邻居”，名词，不能直接修饰公寓。

【句意】他们的吵闹声没有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

18.单选题

HetoldArablawmakerswhotookpartintheprotestthat“thedaywillcomewhenwewillbanishyoufromthenationalhome”.

问题1选项

A.conquer

B.transfer

C.depart

D.exile

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.conquer占领，攻克B.transfer转职，转学，改变（环境）

C.depart离开，离去D.exile流放，放逐

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】banish的意思为“放逐，流放，把（某人）驱逐出境”，这里指把参加抗议活动的阿拉伯议员驱逐出境，exile与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。

【句意】他告诉参加抗议活动的阿拉伯议员：“我们把你们赶出国家的那一天终将到来。”

19.单选题

Whenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned——andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow.“Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,”saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.

Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsateightpercentinterestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.

Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.

Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.

Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaroundfivepercentayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85percentofthetotalamount.

Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwouldhavehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.

1.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension,（）

2.Ifoneleavesearlybeforehisplan'snormalretirementage,（）

3.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto（）

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepension

B.hehasnorighttoaskforthepension

C.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65

D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension

问题2选项

A.he'lltake90percentofthetotalamountofhispension

B.he'llhavehalfofhispensionpayments

C.he'llhavehispensionpaymentreducedby5%ayear

D.he'llhaveonly85percentofhisfullpension

问题3选项

A.earnlessinterest.

B.bebetteroffthanwithatraditionalpension.

C.startinvestmentimmediately.

D.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits.

问题4选项

A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed.

B.TheRetirementDilemma.

C.LeaveEarly,LoseBig.

D.TakethePensionwithYou.

问题5选项

A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth27/30ths.

B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.

C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlastbenefits.

D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:根据第一段，当一个人带着传统的养老金离开工作岗位时，他会有一定金额的养老金。选项D正确。

第2题:根据第五段的第二句，相反，你可以根据雇主的决定得到5%左右的精算减值。选项C正确。

第3题:根据最后一段，当你提前退休并制定固定缴款计划时，问题是你开始把钱花在可以赚取利息的投资上，如果你在55岁退休，开始使用传统的养老金，到65岁时，你将只有你一直工作到65岁时的一半。选项A正确。

第4题:根据最后三段的内容可知，主要是讲提前退休将会损失更多，所以选项C正确。

第5题:根据第二段“theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.”所以选项B错误。

20.单选题

（

）boththelargestandnorthernmoststateintheUnitedStates,Alaskahasthe

smallestpopulation.

问题1选项

A.Despitebeing

B.Despiteitis

C.Despitethat

D.Inspitebeing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:虽然阿拉斯加州是美国最大且位置最靠北的州，但是人口却是最少的。

语法题。考查现在分词引导状语从句。分析题干跟选项可知,空格处表示让步“尽管”,句子后半句为主句,所以前半句为be动词的现在分词形式引导的让步状语从句。故选A。

21.单选题

Withapopulationof320,000-justonetenththatoftheBeijingdistrictwhereitkeepsitsembassytoChina-IcelandhasrecentlybecomeanobjectofinordinateinteresttoChinesepolicymakers.Thetwonationssignedafree-tradeagreementonApril15th,China'sfirstwithanyEuropeannation.ButwiththeinherentlytinypotentialofIceland’smarket,andthelackofanyroundaboutlow-tariffaccesstootherEuropeanmarketsthroughthisdeal,tradealonecannotaccountforChina'sinfatuationwithIceland.

ThemorelikelyattractionforChinaisaccesstoimprovingshippingroutesthroughtheArcticasthatregionwarmsduetoclimatecharge.Lastmonth,oneofChina'stopexpertsonpolarpolicypredictedthat,by2020,asmuchas15%ofhiscountry’stradewouldmovethroughtheArctic'sNorthernSeaRoute.Evenifthatestimateisexaggerated,thereisnoreasontodoubtthatcontinuedshrinkingofArcticicecoverwillenhancethearea’simportance.

LikeSouthKoreaandJapan,ChinahopesnextmonthtobeapprovedforpermanentobserverstatusontheArcticCouncil,aneight-memberintergovernmentalbodythatseekstoco-ordinatepolicyforthearea.Butodd-lookingeffortbyaChinesedevelopertobuildan"eco-golfcourse"andluxuryresortona300squarekmtractinI