高考写作-p高考英语写作

高

考

英

语

写

作如何拿高分？看标准高考英语作文评分标准1．按5个档次给分。2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3．词数少于要求，从总分中减去2分。4．评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写词汇用法均可接受。6．如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。分数档文章内容语法词汇词汇和语法错误连贯整体效果第五档21—25分覆盖所有要点。较多有些许错误，但为尽力使用复杂结构或较高词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力有效使用衔接手段，全文结构紧凑。完全达到

预期的写作目的第四档16-20分虽漏掉1

、2

个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。能满足任

务要求。基本准确，些许错误主要因尝试较复杂结构或词汇所致。应用了简单的连接成分，是的全文结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档11—15分虽漏掉一些内容但覆盖所有主要内容。能基本满

足任务要求。有些错误，但不影响理解应用了简单的连接成分，使得全文内容连贯。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档6~10分漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容有一些无关内容语法结构

单调，所用词汇有限。有错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。信息未能清楚的传达给读者。第一档1~5分明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关的内容，可能未理解试题要求语法结构

单调，所用词汇有限。较多错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。缺乏语句间的链接成分，内容不连贯。信息未能传达给读者。0分未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。更重要的是？高考阅卷特点：阅卷时间短；阅卷的速度快；阅卷老师的心理状态：给分中庸高考卷其余部分是标准化计分；平均分：峰值：约15分17~19分最吃亏学生群：中等左右学生表达是提高平均分最大的潜力股字体为王原则第三档

13分7第五档

25分手写印刷体第五档(21--25)：*完全完成了试题规定的任务。-覆盖所有内容要点。-应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。-语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。-有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。*完全达到了预期的写作目的。标准内容:覆盖全部要点语言:多词汇，多句型连贯:有句子内连接成份分数档文章内容语法词汇词汇和语法错误连贯整体效果第五档21—25分覆盖所有要点。较多有些许错误，但为尽力使用复杂结构或较高词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力有效使用衔接手段，全文结构紧凑。完全达到

预期的写作目的第四档16-20分虽漏掉1

、2

个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。能满足任

务要求。基本准确，些许错误主要因尝试较复杂结构或词汇所致。应用了简单的连接成分，是的全文结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档11—15分虽漏掉一些内容但覆盖所有主要内容。能基本满

足任务要求。有些错误，但不影响理解应用了简单的连接成分，使得全文内容连贯。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档6~10分漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容有一些无关内容语法结构

单调，所用词汇有限。有错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。信息未能清楚的传达给读者。第一档1~5分明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关的内容，可能未理解试题要求语法结构

单调，所用词汇有限。较多错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。缺乏语句间的链接成分，内容不连贯。信息未能传达给读者。0分未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。写作评分首末句原则关注，阅卷老师，所看的地方。每段首句，每段末句。高考16年来英语表达题年

代

形

式

内

容介绍自己，申请工作描述一件交通违章事件某中学参观农场用两幅不同的画介绍学校变化以组织者

通知音乐周活动根据表格写简历看图写话看图写话看图写信通知看图写话根据表格写回信一起交通事故有关减负前后的变化公园是否收门票19961997199819992000春2000夏20012002

根据表格给报社写信2003

看图写回信介绍为其所租的房子高考17年来英语 表达题年

代

形

式

内

容2004

给 朋友写信 告知举办才艺大赛2005 根据网上的一则旅游 ，写电子邮件询问旅游事宜2006 根据两幅图的描绘，给英国朋友写信，介绍你校

馆2007 给外籍教师写信寻求笔友，内容是描述理想中的笔友2008

给 哥动物园 写信，询问大熊猫

和她母亲白云的情况2009

回 朋友的 ，介绍改建后前门大街的情况2010 给某大学外籍教师写信，聘请她做英语 比赛的评委2011 （要点提纲）

书信：本人间接

求助解决学习 、预约。16年高考

表达题四大特征以记叙文、应用文为主，形式为写信看图7次，表格3次，写信12

次以第1人称为主，每篇10句左右以国内生活、主要以学校生活为背景体现交际性图画式漫画式提纲式语言篇文章写不出来怎么办？基础语言关找—先写出来造句子：▪▪主谓宾主系表主谓宾主系表动词宾语系动词0121+adjAdj.简单句died.

I

killed

himmake

me

unhappy.

I

gave

him

臭豆腐is

handsome.

简单句系动词替换原则主谓宾主系表主系表系动词is实意动词killb敢e想动，词持么续？系动词有哪些？系动词状态be持续变化结果感官像e,

grow,

get,

turn,

fall,

gocontinue,

remain,

stay,结果prove

turn

out感官feel,smell,look,sound,taste像 seem,

appear29.Thewater

cool

when

I

joinedinto

the

pool

for

morning

exercise.2006全国卷一A.

was

felt B.

is

felt C.felt D.

feels

（1）

Herforehead

hot.

I’mafraid

she

is

ill.B.

felt.feelsA.

is

feelingC.

isfe

（2）

The

new

school

has

beencompleted.It

very

beautiful.A.

is

lookedC.

has

lookedB.

lookedD.

looks（3）

Thedish

nice,

but

the

milk

sour.B.

is

smelt,D.

smells,

smells

A.

is

smelt,

is

smeltsmellsC.

smells,

is

smelt（4）

Thestoryofhislife

interesting.A.

is

soundedC.

has

soundedB.

is

soundingD.

sounds简单句一定简单么？the

failure

of

the

aspirations

of

the

1960shas

led,

in

the

decade

since

then,

toperhaps

the

most

self-centered

Dream

inAmerican

Society.基本句型拓展原则基本句型拓展原则一级补充：

方式、原因、目的二级补充：

地点、时间人：

条件，感情方式

---

by

ng1.relaxI

will

relax

myself.方式→I

will

relax

myself

by

swimming.地点→I

will

relax

myself

by

swimming

in

abeautiful

lakenear

my

grandparents’house.时间→I

will

relax

myself

by

swimming

in

abeautiful

lake

near

my

grandparents’housewhen

the

weather

is

fine.2011浙江宁波作为学生，对学校、老师提出建议范文（节选）：I

hope

our

school

will

open

the

librarymore

often.I

think

our

school

can

organize

moreafter-class

activities.I

suggest

our

school

should

organizefewer

exams

as

well.高分作文：范文原句+目的/原因I

hope

our

school

will

open

the

library

moreoften

to

make

us

gain

more

knowledge

onthe

Internet.I

think

our

school

can

organize

more

after-classactivities

because

students

need

to

bephysically

and

mentally

healthy.I

suggest

our

school

should

organize

fewerexams

as

well

in

order

to

make

us

lessstressed

and

enjoy

life

better.Since

we

cannot

experience

everything

all

by

ourselves,

we

alsoacquire

knowledge

byreading

books,

magazines

and

newspapers.Being

of

the

same

age,

children

find

it

easier

to

communicate

with

theirgeneration

than

with

their

parents.

As

a

result,

they

learn

more

fromtheir

peers

than

from

their

parents.In

fact,

it

is

difficult

to

determine

the

impact

of

humans

on

theenvironment

as

we

only

have

been

ing

weather

changes

forthe

last

hundred

years.Sometimes

new

information

contradicts

our

old

ideas.

This

happens

topeople

of

all

ages

because

learning

is

a

lifelongprocess.The

IT

industry

is

highly

competitive；

thus,

even

the

slightestadvantage

gives

a

company

a

substantial

edge

over

its

rivals.Habitual

exercise

reduces

stress,

prevents

weight

gain

and

improvesacademic

performance

；

therefore,

exercise

should

be

made

a

part

ofany

school's

curriculum.In

the

conventional

classroom,

most

lessons

are

aimed

at

themiddle

level

of

ability.

Thus,some

students

are dragged

along

much

faster

than

is

good

for

them.句式：The

reason

for/why...is

that...(……的原因是……)部分大学为什么

下降：部分大学办学质量差、学生上学学费高、毕业生就业难等。The

reason

why

some

colleges

have

eless

attractive

thise

tehdautcational

qualityof

some

colleges

is

poor,

the

tuition

fee

ishigh

and

it’s

hard

for

college

graduates

toget

jobs.或Due

to the

poor

educational

quality

ofsome

colleges,

high

tuition

fees

and

difficultemployment

for

college

graduates,

somecolleges

have e

less

attractive.目的句型用谓语表达：aim/intend

to

dosth(目的是,旨在)用状语表达：so

asto/in

order

to/in

an

effort

to

do...(为了做某事)with

the

purpose

of ng

sth(带着……的目的,为了)in

hopes/the

hopeof(怀着……的希望)with

dreams

ofwith

the

goal

ofng(带着……的梦想)ng

sth(目的是)3.

用不定式作表语表达：The

purpose

of ng

sth

is

to

do...(做某事的目的是)Our

goal

is

to

do...(

的目标/的是)The

aim

is

to

do...(目的是)4.

用从句表达：so

that...(以便)in

order

that...(为了)in

the

hopethat...(怀着……的希望)[典型例题]信息点：目标：所有室内公共场所无烟实施时间：

起(2010

)信息表达：This

decision,

which

aims

tomake

allindoor

public

places

smoke-free,

will

come

intoeffect

from

the day

of

2011.或This

decision,aiming

to

make

all

indoor

publicplaces

smoke-free,will

becarriedout

from

January

1,

2011.[课堂练习]1.翻译：为实现目标要采取的措施：努力学习考上理想的大学。(2010

)trymy

best

to

pass

the

collegeentrance

examination

and

enteragood

university.In

order

to

reach

th,e

goal

I

must2.翻译：这课的目的是为了体验中山大学的生活,我充分感觉到做大学生的美妙。The

aim

of

theclass

was

to

experience

lifeat

Zhongshan

University.

I

fully

feltthe

sweetness

of

being

a

collegestudent.3.

信息点：“无车日”(Car-freeDay)是一项节能环保的活动活动时间：每年9月22日参与者：

108个城市活动目的：提高人们节约能源与保护环境的意识信息表达：energy-saving

and

environmentalprotectionToraise

public

awareness

of

,

Car-free

Day

is

launched

in

108cities

in

China

on

September

22

everyyear.常用引导词:when特殊引导词:thesecond▪▪▪the

minute,the

moment,the

dayThe

children

ran

away

from

the

orchard(果园)————they

saw

the

guard.the

moment,

the

minute,

the

second,the

instant时间短语Five

hours

before

the

meeting.双重地点常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,

anywhere,everywhere双重介宾短语使用。

you

go,

you

should

work

hard.条件Be

sure

to

write

down

what

you

hearduring

the

lecture,

otherwise

you'll

forgetthe

details.He's e

to

come

along,

providedthat

he

behaves

himself.写单句出现的问题1.任何一个简单句中只有一个动词。2.

任何一个简单句都要有主语谓语。3.

如果要表示多个动词，非谓语动词b.从句4.任何一个可数名词前要么冠词要么复数。作文句子很像怎么办英汉区别汉语表达特点：曲折，委婉英文表达特点：明确，直接。I

love

you围巾重心前移法则英语主干，状语，定语在后。状语：时间，地点定语：(1.

介词短语作定语）(2.

动词不定式作定语）(3.

分词作定语)(4.

定语从句作定语）注意汉英差异：状语e.g.她一周有三个下午在一家百货公司做兼职。She

does

a

part

time

jobin

a

department

storethree

afternoons

a

week.主谓不缺法则汉语，主语谓语可有可无，英语主谓不能缺少。唐

诗作者嫁得瞿塘贾，朝朝误期。早知潮有信，嫁与弄潮儿。译文Since

I

married

the

merchant

ofQutang,He

has

failed

each

day

to

keep

hisword…Had

I

know

how

regular

the

tide

is,I

might

have

chosen

a

river

boy.(Translated

by

Bynner)静夜思床前明月光疑是地上霜举头望明月低头思故乡Before

my

bed

apool

of

light---Can

itbe

hoarfrost

on

theground?Looking

up,

Ifind

themoonbright;Bowing,

in

homesickness

I

‘mdrowned.At

noon

they

hoe

upweeds;Theirsweat drips

on

the

soil.Who

knows

the

rice

thatneedsIsthe

fruit

of

hard

toil!作文框架怎么写？写作像

怎么办2007年

卷表达（满分25分）假定你是 ，希望通过外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友。请写一封，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：1.2.3.；；（旅游、运动、宠物等）。注意：1．词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头语已为你写好。DearPeter,I

am

writing

to

ask

whether

you

are

able

to

do

me

a

favor.Bestregards,Li

Hua100悯农锄禾日当午,汗滴禾下土。谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。120表示主张，观点的文字提纯出一个

句①归纳要点②提炼概括性的话句原则句句1┌─第一段─┤开头第二段─├─支持1---细节├─支持2---细节├─支持3—细节总结└─扩展句句9第一段，点名第二段，分点说明第三段，总结引申Dear

Peter,I’m

writing

to

ask

whether

youare

able

to

do

me

a

favor.I

want

to

have

a

pen

friend,

hopefully

a

girl

in

herearlytwenties,

and

with

interests

similar

to

mine.In

my

mind,

she

issomeone

who

is

interested

intraveling,swimming,

and

playing

table

tennis.

Besides,

it

would

bebetter

for

her

tohave

apet

dog

as

I

have

kept

one

at

homeforsome

time.

With

such

a

pen

friend,I

think

I

can

share

withher

our

traveling

experiences,

taking

care

of

pets,

or

whateverwe

have

in

common.AndI

believe

I

will

improve

my

English

by ng

so

and

learn

more

about

her

country.I

look

forward

to

hearing

from

you

soon.Bestregards,Li

Huaevision

presents

a

vivid

world

in

front

of

us.(1)(

句)Through

TV,wecan

learn

what

is

happening

half

way

across

the

world.(2)(扩展句)evision

also

plays

an

important

educationalrole

in

our

daily

life.

(3)(句)For

one

thing,the

TV

university

provides

an

opportunity

for

many

youngmen

who

can

not

go

to

formal

universities.(4)(扩展句)For

another,childrencan

broaden

their

scope

of

knowledge

by

watching

such

popular

programsas"The

Animal

World",and"The

Mickey

Mouse

and

Duck

Donald".(5)(扩展句)Besides,women

can

learn

about

the

latest

fashion

of

dresses

and

thebest

recipe

for

making

fruit

cakes.(6)(扩展句)Furthermore,we

learn

manyworld

advanced

technologies

from

TV

programs

such

as

computer

andmunication.(7)(扩展句)And

also

we

can

learn

singing,dancing

andng

physical

exercises

in

some

special

TV

training

courses.ing

more(8)(扩展句)In

short,the

effect

of

TV's

educational

role

isand

moreobvious.(9)(扩展句)Having

viewed

these

several

aspects,

and

with

many

more

TV

programbeing

produced,I

believe

that

our

life

will e

even

more

significant.(10)(总结句)拓展句子如何连接？一二三原则1）2）3）the,

second,

third,

lastly,

secondly,

thirdly,

finally,

the

second,

the

third,

the

last4）in

the place,

in

the

second

place,in

the

third

place,

lastlyInitially/to

begin

with,

then,

furthermore,finallyto

start

with,

next,

in

addition,

finally

and

foremost,

besides,

last

but

notleastmost

important

of

all,

moreover,

finallyon

the

one

hand,on

the

other

hand（适用于两点的情况）for

one

thing,

for

another

thing（适用于两点的情况）连接词副词替换原则连接副词的用法：高

常考连接副词，实际上是

对句子逻辑关系的。Though

做副词，句末，表转折。Therefore“因此”表结果Meanwhile

，表前后分句同时发生Moreover，“另外”承接表递进？？However：“然而”表让步转折。Besides“另外”还有，表递进。Instead，“相反“前后分句相反。。注意，时间关系与因果关系的区别，汉语常把时间关系和因果关系的关系The es

of

skilled

workers

went

up。

,unskilled

workers

saw

theirearnings

fall.(2009.浙江)A

Moreover

B

Therefore

C

meanwhile Dotherwise前半句：技术工人的收入增加了，

后半句：非技术工人的收入下降了。Meanwhile,与此同时，符合题意94Not

only….but

also▪记倒装。96公式：简单句+并列连词+简单句People e

nearer

by

using

theInternet,

meanwhile,

they

alsoe

far

away

from

theirfriends.基础写作7原则定语从句什么时候用？怎么用？The

girl

is

Mary.

We

saw

heryesterday.The

girl

that

/who

we

saw

yesterday

isMary将第二个公因式，改成who或which，将第二个句子放在第一个公因式之后1.

She

is

the

new

student.

I

want

to

introduce

her

to

you.She

is

the

new

student

whom

I

want

to

introduce

to

you

.2.Please

pass

me

thebook.It

is

lying

on

the

table.Please

pass

me

the

book

which

is

lying

on

the

tabl3.The

professor

is

Dr.

Williams.His

daughter

teaches

you

English.The

professor

whose

daughter

teaches

you

English

is

Dr.

Williams4.

He

studies

hard

at

school

when

he

was

young.It leads

to

his

successin

hislater

life.Hestudies

hardat

school

when

he

was

young,which

leads

to

his

success

in

his

later

life

.改写句子“I

see

manyrunning

creatures.

They are

made

of

metaland

glass.

Theirfeet are

round.

They

have

four

eyes.Two

of

the

four

eyes

are

red.

Inside

I

see

soft

shapes.They

can

move.”I

see

many

runningcreatures

which

/

that

aremade

ofmetalandglass.

Their

feet

are

roundandthey

have

four

eyes,

two

of

whichare

red.Inside

I

see

soft

shapesthat

can

move.改写句子I

see

many

running

creatures.

Theyare

made

ofmetal

and

glass.

Their

feet

are

round.

Theyhavefour

eyes.

Two

of

the

four

eyes

are

red.

Inside

Isee

soft

shapes.

They

can

move.I

see

many

running

creatures

which/thatare

madeof

metal

and

glass.

Their

feet

are

roundand

they

havefour

eyes,

Two

of

which

are

red.Inside

I

see

softshapes

that

can

move.Our

class

is

a

big

family;

it

consists

of

12

girlsand

50

boys.

Most

of

them

are

mainly

fromtheCountryside.

Zhang

Qiang

is

a

kind-heartedboy.

He

is

always

ready

to

help

others.

He

is

sucha

good

boythatwe

all

like

him.Our

class

is

a

big

family

which

consists

of

12girlsand

50

boys,

most

of

whom

are

mainly

fromthecountryside.

ZhangQiang

is

a

kind-heartedboy,

who

is

always

ready

to

help

others.

He

isa

good

boy

whom

we

all

like.句子扩展Contribute

A

to

BMr.

Qian

contributed

a

lot

to

our

country.Mr.

Qian

contributed

a

lot

to

our

country

inbuilding

the

missiles.Mr.

Qian,

who

studied

in

the

US

and

returnedto

his

motherland

during

the

hardest

years,contributed

a

lot

to

our

country

in

building

themissiles.句子扩展Mr.

Qian

contributed

a

lot

to

our

country

inbuilding

the

missiles.Mr.

Qian

studied

in

the

usMr.

Qian

returned

to

his

mother

landduring

the

hardest

yearts.Mr.

Qian,

who

studied

in

the

US

and

returnedto

his

motherland

during

the

hardest

years,contributed

a

lot

to

our

country

in

building

themissiles.practice当句子中出现三个公因式，将2，3公因式变成who，将2，3两句话用and连接放在第一个公因式后practiceThe

girl

issinging

asong.China

is

abig

country.With

a

large

population,

China,

which

has

a

longhistory,

is

a

big

country

that

sits

on

the

south-eastof

Asia.The

girl,

Catherine,

a

successful

business

woman,who

graduated

from

Cambridge

University

eightyears

ago,

learning

Chinese

and

Spanish

in

HarvardUniversity

at

present,

is

singing

a

fine-soundingsongwhich

was

written

for

her

25-year-old

birthdayby

her

handsome

and

gentle

boyfriend.了很大的Those

who高的效率.e

the

Internet

hold

that

itbrings

us

great

convenience

and

efficiency.Those

who

~~~（...的人...）须考虑的另一个因素是,电视在我们的日常生活中起到了教育的作用.Anotherfactor

we

must

consider

is

that

evplays

an

educational

role

in

our

daily

life.n.+

attributive

clause

+is

that/vt.那些拥护互联网的人认为,它给

带来Translation不努力学习的学生是不会通过考试的.她上周买的房子非常好看.这就是他

工作的地方.已经取得了很大的进步,这使老师非常高兴.众所周知,他是一个好学生的首都,它是一座美丽的城市.的原名(real

name)是

,在他的一生中他写了很多的小说和散文(prose).,他在学校已经学习了3年,,而且中文也讲得8.Jack来自他不仅经常帮助很不错.Students

who

don’t

study

hard

will

notpassthe

exam.

The

house,

which

she

bought

last

week,

isvery

nice.This

is

the

place

where

his

father

works.akes

You

havemade

great

progress,

whiyour

teacher

very

happy.As

is

knownto

all,

he

is

a

good

student.

Beijing,

which

is

the

capital

city

of

China,

is

abeautiful

city.

Luxun,

whose

real

name

is

ZhouShuren,wrote

many

novels

and

proses

in

his

wholelife.8.

Jack

is

a

student

of

our

school,

whocomes

from

Canada.

He

has

studied

inour

school

for

three

years.

He

oftenhelps

us

learn

English,

and

he

speaksChinese

very

well.Jacks

comes

from

Canada.

He

is

astudent

from

our

school

where

he

hasstudied

for

3

years.

Not

only

does

heoften

help

us

learn

English

but

also

hespeaks

Chinese

fluently

as

well.定语从句的

原则？That

在定语从句作宾语省略，这是在生活中出现的同时又给

提示：当句子出现两个名词，第二是定语从句定语从句As，which

代指一句话意味意味着什么？1.评论前一句话，用which2.表时间先后，before

which3.表原因，

due to

which4.

表条件We

study

hard

to

realize

our

dream,……

◆高级定语从句：若定语从句中的动词带有介词，只需将介词移至先行词后。

We

came

to

a

place

to

which

they

hadnever

paid

a

visit

before.状语从句1.时间状语从句常用引导词:when特殊引导词:thesecond▪▪▪the

minute,the

moment,the

dayThe

children

ran

away

from

the

orchard(果园)————they

saw

the

guard.the

moment,

the

minute,

the

second,the

instant2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,

anywhere,everywhere双重介宾短语使用。

you

go,

you

should

work

hard.条件4.目的状语从句常用引导词：so

that,

in

order

thatin

case特殊引导词：on

purpose

thatTheteacherraisedhisvoice

the

studentsin

the

back

could

hear

more

clearly.5．结果状语从句常用引导词：so…that,

such…that,Hegotup

early

that

he

caught

the

bus.It’s

a

good

chance

that

we

must

not

miss

it.1.

so 2.

such6．条件状语从句常用引导词：if,unless特殊引导词：oncondition

that（在…情况下）as

long

a

s▪Youwillcertainlysucceed

you

keep

on

trying.8．比较状语从句常用引导词：than特殊引导词：A

is

to

B

what

/as

X

is

to

Y;as….asFood

is

to

men

what

oil

is

to

machine.9.方式状语从句常用引导词：as,as

if(好像，似乎)She

behaved

as

if

she

were

the

boss.That’s

why->

soSo

no

medicine

is

found

for

it.That’s

why

no

medicine

is

found

for

it.

Cultural

integration

is

extremelysignificant,

SO

IT should

be

encouraged.Cultural

integration

is

extremelysignificant,

and

that’s

why

should

beencouraged.非谓语动词非谓语动词分句主语和主句主语一致，主句不变从句去掉分句主语，连词和时态主动ing，

ed，目的to

do时间The

children

ran

away

from

the

orchard(果园)when

they

saw

the

guard.Seeing

the

guard,the

children

ran

away

fromthe

orchard(果园).原因Because

he

is

no

more

than

12

yearsold,his

height

of

1.80

m

is

quite

remarkable.Being

no

more

than

12

years

old,

hisheight

of

1.80

m

is

quite

remarkable.条件状语

You

will

certainly

succeed

if

you

keep

ontrying.kee on

trying,

you

will

certainly

succeed.伴随状语He

comes

back

from

the

USA

and

hebrings

his

wife

and

son.He

comes

back

from

the

USA,

bringinghis

wife

and

son.1.

When

they

heard

the

news

,

theyimmedia y

set

off

for

Shanghai.Hearing

the

news,

theyimmedia

yset

off

for

Shanghai.改写句子：,

he,

he2.

After

he

finished

hiswatched

TV

for

a

while.Having

finished

his

watched

TV

for

a

while.3.

When

the

library

is

completed,itwill

be

open

to

the

public

pleted,

the

library

will

be

opento

thepublic

nextyear.4.

Although

I

admit

what

she

hassaid,

Istill

think

that

she

hasn’ttried

her

best

.尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。Admitting

what

she

has

said,

I

stillthink

that

she

hasn’t

tried

her

best.5.If

you

work

hard,

you’llsucceed.Working

hard,

you’ll

succeed.6.

She

stoodby

the

window

andwatched

thesunsets.She

stood

by

thewindowwatching

thesunsets.7.

Our

English

teacher

speakslouderin

order

that

he

canmake

himselfheard.Our

English

teacher

speaks

louderto

make

himself

heard.8.

She

walked

out

of

the

classroom

andmany

students

followed

her.She

walked

out

of

the

classroom，followed

by

many

students.She

walked

out

of

the classroom

andshe

is

followed

by

many

students.句子结构：非谓语（时间/原因/条件等状语），S+V+其它.S+V+其它，非谓语（结果/伴随等状语）第一届世博会在伦敦举办，有158年的光辉历史2010年 世博会将历时184天，将吸引国内外200多个国家。世博会的主旨：关注对新的生活观念的探索。4.：Better

City,Better

Life,参与国将展示他们在城市文明方面的成就。5.

世博会被誉为经济和文化的 盛会，对主办国有着深远的影响。第一届世博会在伦敦举办，有158年的光辉历史。The

WorldExpowas held

inLondon,

and

it

has

a

proudhistory

of158

years.The

World

Expo

was heldinLondon,

having

aproud

history

of158

years.2010年

世博会将历时184天，将吸引国内外200多个国家。World

Expo

2010

Shanghai

will

beheld

for184

days,

and

will

attractmore

than

200

countries

from

homeand

abroad.World

Expo

2010

Shanghai

will

beheld

for

184

days,attracting

morethan

200

countries

from

home

andabroad.One

day,

I

broke

my

mother’s

favoritevase,ran

away

and

hid

in

her

house

for

fearof

the

punishment,

but

when

she

found

out

what

happened,

she

didn’t

help

me

to

cover

the

secret.

She

persuaded

me

to

behonest

and l

my

mom

the

truth

instead.

Atlast,

my

mom

forgave

me

due

to

myhonesty.Finding

out

what

happened,shedidn’t

help

me

tocover

the

secret.如果主语不一致怎么办保留主语其他照旧现在分词独立主格When

he

broke

windows,

he

waspunished

by

mother.Breaking

windows,

he

was

punished

bymother.Although

his

brother

broke

windows,

he

waspunished

by

motherHis

brother

Breaking

windows,

he

waspunished

by

mother.冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。Winter

coming,

weather

gets

colder

andcolder.雨已经停了，他出去散步。The

rain

having

stopped,

he

went

out

for

awalk.定语从句变非谓语动词The

girl

who

wrote

good

compositionsis

spoken

highly

of.The

girl

writing

good

compositions

isspoken

highly

of.过去分词短语做定语The

book

sells

well.

The

girl

wrote

it.The

book

which

is

written

by

the

girlsells

well.The

book

written

by

the

girl

sells

well.使用不定式疑问词＋不定式结构疑问词who,

what,

which,

when,

where,whether,how加to

do

在句中作主语、宾语、表语。When

to

leave

for

London

has

not

beendecided

yet.（不定式在句子中做主语）②Mr.

Smith

didn't

know

whether

to

leave

orstay

there.

（不定式在句子中做宾语）③I

asked

Professor

Xu

how

to

learn

Englishwell.（不定式在句子中做间接宾语）④The

question

was

where

to

get

themedicine

needed.（不定式在句子中表语）With

结构原则With表拥有：I

want

to

have

a

pen

friend,hopefully

agirl

in

her

early

twenties,

and

withinterests

similar

to

mine.（2007

卷1）With+独立主格意思相同将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with复合结构。▪

With

the

sun

lighting

brightly

and

thebirds

singing

clearly,

I

went

to

school

inhigh

spiritsHe

always

likes

to

sleep

with

thewindows

open.5.哥哥骑车带着我My

brother

was

riding a

bike

andI

sat

at

the

back

of

itMy

brother

was

riding

with

me

sittingon

the

seat

b