单元知识点(必修二)

一单元知识点整理3)句型结构Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问 =Wehavenodoubtthat...Thereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrain.…thattheboxeswerethenputonatrain....doubt的同位语从句，说明doubt的具体内容Thereisnodoubtthatwecanfinishourtaskaheadoftime.毫无疑问他会来帮助你的。Thereisnodoubtthathewillcometohelpyou.XThereisnodoubtabout/ofsth.毫无靡问 =Wehavenodoubtabout/ofsth.Thereisnodoubtabout/ofhishonesty.doubt也可作及物动词，“怀疑，不信”)doubtsth.Idoubtthetruthofit.我怀疑它的真实性。(2)在肯定句中常接whether/if从句，在否定句和疑问句中常接that从句Idoubtwhetherwecangetthefirstplaceinthecompetition.Idon'tdoubtthathewilltellusthetruth.Doyoudoubtthatshewillsucceed?你怀疑她会成功吗？It'sawonder(that)…难得•,,；It's)No/Little/hardlywonderthat...难怪，并不奇怪二单元知识点整理相关语法：当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。Weplantedthetree.当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。Thetreewasplantedbyus.被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。Footballisplayedallovertheworld.二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。Mybikewasstolen.三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”“大家说”等时。Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知 Itiswellknownthat…据推测说 Itissupposedthat…四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul.某些句子习惯上用被动语态。HewasborninOctober,1989TheFuturePassiveVoice一般将来时的被动语态构成形式：助动词will/shall+be+及物动词的过去分词.描述事物将受到某种影响或某种处理。.描述人物将被动地接受某种行为或某种处理。注：否定结构为：will+not+be+过去分词Mypictureswon'tbedevelopeduntilnextweek.这条裙子太漂亮了！会有很多女孩喜欢的！例：Whatabeautifulskirt!Itwillbelovedbymanygirls.他一到达这个城市就会被认出我们不会受到邀请。Wewillnotbeinvited.三单元知识点整理重重占句型.l)so…that引导结果状语从句，其结构是：so+adj./adv.+that-clauseso+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词+that・clauseso+many/few+可数名词复数+that.clauseso+much/ 不可数名词+that-clause(2)such-that也可引导结果状语从句，其结构是：such-+a(n)+adj.+单数可数名词+that・clausesuch+(adj.)+不可数名词+that・clausesuch+(adj.)+可数互词复数+that・claus四单元知识点整理语法：1.现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。2.现在进行时的被动语态的构成：be+being+过去分词。(1)“bebeingdone”中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。(2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是把bedoing变为bebeingdone。【特别提示】.注意不可遗漏beingo现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作，强调主语是动作的承受者，其构成为“am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词”。如果我们把being漏掉，就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。如：Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt..注意不可忽视“现阶段”。现在进行时的被动语态也可表示目前这一阶段正在进行的一个被动的动作。如:Manyinterestingexperimentsarebeingcarriedoutthesedays..注意现在进行时的被动语态有时也可以表示将来。现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动的动作（此种用法仅限于少数及物动词）。如：Apartyisbeingheldtonight..注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词。一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在”等的动词，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。如：XiaoWang,comehere.Youarewantedonthephone..注意“be+under/in等介词+名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。如：Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeeting.五单元知识点整理精讲一介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词的选取三原则.根据介词与先行词的搭配习惯确定介词。先行词不同，与之习惯搭配的介词也不同。同时也要注意句意。(l)Doyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwemetforthefirsttime?(2)Doyoustillrememberthedaysduringwhichweworkedtogether?.介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。Whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。Hehadabadcold,becauseofwhichhedidn*tattendthemeeting.Thespeedatwhichthecarrunsdependsontheroadcondition.【知识点1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom,构成介词+which(指物)；介词+whom(指人)两种结构。［例］Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.【例】Theserviceaboutwhichthestudentscomplainalotshouldbeimproved.［例】HeisalibraryassistantfromwhomIborrowedsomebooks.【例】Itisafamousschoolfromwhichhegraduated3yearsago.【例】Thechairoiwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.【知识点2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。【例】Theman(who/that/whom)youtalktojustnowisafamousrunner.［例］Theservice(which/that)thestudentscomplainaboutalotshouldbeimproved.【知识点3】关系副词when,where,why可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。【例】ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.［例］Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?=Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?【知识点4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后,不提前：［区ij］Heisthestudent(who/whom/that)theteachersarelookingfor.［例］Thenumberofthechildren(who/whom/that)shetakescareofis3().【知识点5】注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。［1列］Theyfinallyclimbedupthemountain,ontopofwhichmanystrangebirdswereseen.【例J】Lookatthephoto.ThisisMr.Green,infrontofwhomsitthreestudents.【知识点6】不定代词+of+which/whom引导的定语从句可化为of+which/whom+不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some,any,none,both,all,many,afew,few,alittle,little,either,neither,one,等等。(例】Thereare40studentsinourclass,mostofwhom(=ofwhommost)likeEnglish.［例］ThesearebookswrittenbyMarkTwain,oneofwhich(=ofwhichone)wasreadtomebymyfather【知识点7】关系代词whote+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+which/whom或of+which/whom+the+名词结构;of表所属关系。［f列】Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsareallbroken.=1liveinaroomofwhichthewindowsareallbroken.=Iliveinaroomthewindowsofwhichareallbroken.【例】Thisismyteacherwhosehandwritingisexcellent.=Thisismyteacherthehandwritingofwhomisexcellent.=Thisismyteacherofwhomthehandwritingisexcellent.【知识点8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为:介词+which/whom+t。do结构。【例】IhaveasmallroominwhichIlivein.=1haveasmallroominwhichtolive.=1haveasmallroomtolivein.【知识点9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。【例】HeusedtoliveinLondon,fromwhe