商务英语阅读(第二版) 王关富 Unit4The Incredible Shrinking Europe 课后答案

Unit4TheIncredibleShrinkingEuropeExercises1.Answerstothequestionsonthetext:1)WhatwasthedreamthattheEurophileswerefamiliarwith?TheirdreamwastomakeE.U.anewlyemboldenedworldpowersteppinguptocalmtroublespots,usingaidandpersuasionwhereitcould,butpreparedtosendintroopswhenithadto.2)WhydoesthepassagesaythatEuropeisaremarkablygoodplacetolive?BecauseEuropeismorestable,safe,greenandculturallydiversethanmostpartsoftheworldandaqualitylifecanbeguaranteedinE.U.states.3)DoesthegoodlifeathomemakeEuropestrongabroad?Why?No,agoodlifeathomedoesn’tmeanastrongEuropeabroad.BecausetheE.U.mayhaveallthesoft-powercredentialsintheworld,butonthegrandstageithaslackedtheweightandinfluenceofothersonsomebigissues.4)WhatdoCriticsthinkoftheselectionofHermanVanRompuyandCatherineAshtonasEurope'sPresidentandForeignMinister?Theyconsidertheselectionassymbolicofalackofvisionanditmeansthegroupingwillhavetoreconcileitselftofiveyearsofunderperformance.5)WhatcanbelistedasE.U.’sachievementsintheyearsaround1980saccordingtothepassage?Byextendinganareaofpeaceandliberalgovernmenttotheeast,theE.U.hasdonemuchtocalmapartoftheworldthatnotlongagowasthecockpitformurderousrivalries.6)InwhatwaycanEuroperealizeitsowndreamsandthoseofothersaccordingtothepassage?Ithastoactasatruesingleblocandwinotherstoitsside.7)WhydoestheGermangovernmentfaceenormousdomesticchallengesinadmittingitsforcesinAfghanistanaretheretofight,nottobehumanitarianworkersinuniform?BecauseoneofmodernEurope'smostcherishedconvictionsisthattheforceofarmsrarelysettlespoliticaldisputesforlongandEuropeanpublicopinioninthe20thcenturyseemsunwillingtocommittothewarinAfghanistanforthelonghaul.8)WhatrolesdidGermanyplayinEuropeinthe20thcentury?Forthelasthalfofthe20thcentury,GermanywasattheheartoftheEuropeanexperiment.ButsincetheendoftheColdWar,ithassteppedbackfromtheE.U.andbegunstrengtheningtieswithRussia.9WhataretheadvantagesforE.U.tobechosenastheWhiteHouse’spartner?TheadvantagesarethatEuropeisrichanddemocratic,anditsvaluesareclosertothoseoftheU.S.thanthoseofanywhereelse.2.Fillineachblankofthefollowingsentenceswithoneofthephrasesinthelistgivenbelow.Makechangeswhennecessary.1)Chinawilladheretotheprincipleofdevelopinghightechnologyandrealizingindustrializationtostepupthecommercialization,industrializationandinternationalizationofscientificandtechnologicalachievements.2)Intherecentcrisisnobankscouldmanagetobailoutthecompaniesinfinancialpressure.3)IntermsoftheinformationfromtheUniverseheisapatheticandsometimesirritable,heislikeanostrichstickinghisheadinsand.4)ItwillbeuptotheboardtodecideiftheCEOshouldberemoved.5)Allourhopesrestuponthearrivaloftheshipment.6)Theplanhasalreadybeenworkedout,andcouldbeputintooperationatamoment'snotice.7)Thewholemachineryofcivilizationwillbreakdownifthisdoctrinewinsinthewar.8)Hisremarkshithomewhenhesaidthatwedidnotworkenough.9)SomeanalystssuspectedthatToyotahadpulledstringstostifleprobesintoitsautoqualityproblems.10)Mercyisreachingouttothosewhohavenothingtogivebacktoyou.3.MatchthetermsincolumnAwiththeexplanationsincolumnB:A____________________B_____________________________________1)freemarketA)Effectsonthebehaviorofindividualscausedbyobservationoftheactionsofothersandtheirconsequences.32)coalitiongovernmentB)Aneconomicturmoilwherecompaniesgobankrupt,peoplearelaidoff,andmarketsaresluggish.Thereisalotofpanicinbothbusinessanddailylives.93)demonstrationeffectsC)Amarketinwhichthereisnoeconomicinterventionbythestate,excepttoenforceprivatecontractsandtheownershipofproperty.14)healthinsuranceD)Aqualifiedretirementplansetupbyacorporation,laborunion,government,orotherorganizationforitsemployees.6E)Aformofcollectivismbymeansofwhichpeoplecollectivelypooltheirrisk,inthiscasetheriskofincurringmedicalexpenses.45)nationalinterestF)Theabilitytoobtainwhatonewantsthrougheconomicorculturalmeans.Itallowsnationstoexerttheirinfluencewithoutusingmilitarymeansorcoercion.86)pensionschemeG)Afightorcontentionforterritory,power,control,orresourcesbetweentowmorepartiesinaplaceorarea..77)turfwarH)Thingsofgreatimportancetoanation,includingitsgoals,visionsandambitionsinpolitical,economic,culturalfields,etc.andactions,circumstances,anddecisionstoachievethem.58)softpowerI)Acabinetofaparliamentarygovernmentinwhichseveralpartiescooperate.29)economiccrunch4.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.有什么能让欧洲振奋起来吗？当然：如果欧洲领导人能像20年前那样抓住时机，欧盟就将繁荣昌盛。欧洲人担心工作不保和储蓄减少，各国政府和公司无法轻易借款，银行倒闭，单一货币摇摇欲坠，此时，欧盟面临的不仅仅是经济危机，还有政治危机。到目前为止，欧洲各国面临的威胁有所不同。在过去的18个月里，它们常因金融市场表现低迷而饱受争议或遭到指责，大多在被否定与威吓中寻求庇护。尽管采取了新一轮的紧缩政策，并且向最脆弱的经济体启动了11小时庞大经济救援，欧洲在世界上的实力似乎已经削弱。不屑一顾地看着欧洲对金融危机束手无策已成为亚洲和美洲的时尚。人们说，欧洲时代已成历史。日渐衰老而又故步自封的欧洲人已无战胜逆境的决心。然而病态的欧洲对谁都没有益处。即使如此，目前欧盟仍是世界最大经济体。如果它的经济运行健康的话，那么最严重的全球经济危机也许早已结束。在政治上，人人都与关乎欧洲命运的宏伟理想息息相关，即敌对国家之间可以进行战略协作取得双赢而非发动战争。在社会上，所有的民主国家最终都必须应对欧洲的难题，即政府和社保体系不断膨胀，可能阻碍为其提供资金的经济增长。所以，不要耻笑欧洲的无能为力，全世界都应探询欧洲能否恢复活力，如果能，该怎样做。本报的回答不合时宜，但却积极乐观。欧洲的失败并非注定。如果欧盟领导人表现出一点点勇气，那么，此次危机就能转化为自20世纪80年代以来经济繁荣发展的最好机会。在那个时代，欧洲遭遇了因两次石油危机而引起的低增长和高失业。当时被称为“欧洲硬化症”，但在杰出而又脾气暴躁的法国政治家欧共体主席雅克德洛尔的领导下，欧洲于1992年建立了单一市场，并恢复了活力，获得了新生。这些改革为欧盟进入最具活力的时代打下了坚实的基础。现在的政客们从此应该能得到点启示。在过去的数十年中，欧洲享有特权的“圈内人”一直阻止欧洲的改革。但德洛尔先生克服重重困难，联手主张自由市场的自由派人士和欧洲一体化的倡导者，继续了这一改革进程。现在这一危机又为欧洲领袖们提供了继续改革联盟的机会，又重新聚焦到单一市场上。他们应该抓住这一机会。5.Fillineachofthefollowinggapswithoneofthesentencesgivenbelow:1)Notonlyistheregionlaggingintheglobalrebound,itisalsofacingdauntinglong-termchallenges.2)WhetherornotEuropecanresolvetheseproblemsmatterstoeveryone,whethertheyliveinEuropeornot.3)Neithergoalhasbeenachieved.4)AtstakeistheentireEuropeaneconomicsystemitself.5)Manyfinancialanalystsbelievetheeuromaycontinueitsdescent,perhapstoparitywiththedollar,whichwouldrepresentafurtherdepreciationofnearly20%.SupplementaryReadingEuropestrugglestocontaindebtturmoil1)Portugalgovernmenttookradicalausteritymeasuresinorder_______________.A.toseekhelpfromIMFB.tostrikeinvestorsC.tofendoffthespeculativetradesD.toimprovethegovernment’simage2)ThecountriesthatrefusedtotakefinancialaidfromE.U.are________________.A.SpainandIrelandB.PortugalandSpainC.PortugalandIrelandD.IrelandandGreece3)Thedebt-reducingpackageapprovedbythePortugueseParliamentinclude______.A.receivingmoreinternationalloansB.lowingbondyieldsC.layingoffworkersD.taxhikesandpayandwelfarecuts4)WhydidsomeE.U.membersforcePortugaltoconsiderabailout?_________.A.Becausetheywereafraidthattherecessionwouldthreatenthe16-nationeurocurrency.B.Becausetheywouldliketoseethecountrieswhichweremostinthespotlighttoacceptassistance.C.Becausetheywantedtoavoidasharperdeteriorationinbondmarkets.D.Becausetheywantedtobuytime.5)WhodeniedpressureonPortugaltotakefinancialaidaccordingtothepassage?________.A.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheGermangovernmentB.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandIMFC.theEuropeanCommission,IMFandtheGermangovernmentD.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheFrenchgovernment6)Howlongdoesportugalhavetotoshowmarketsitisabletobringitsspendingundercontrol?A.Oneyear.B.Sixmonths.C.Sixteenmonths.D.Itdoesn’tmention.7)TheAthensgovernment’stougherreformsfor2011resultedin__________.A.politicalturmoilB.highdebtandlowgrowthC.stocksslumpedacrosstheboardD.publicoutrageandaplannedgeneralstrike.8)Wh