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5（科技大学2014）SevenyearsagoBeijing’sernmentsetaofmakingthecity“livable”oneby2020,with“freshairandabeautifulenvironment”.Fewpraiseitsprogress.Complaintsaboundaboutitscongestion,pollution,desperateshortageofwaterandhugelyexpensivehousing.Eveninthestate-controlledmedia,suggestionsaresometimesmadethatitistimetobuildanewcapital.，7年前曾定下目标，要在2020年之前将建设成“空气清新、环境优美”的“宜居城市。至今这方面鲜有进展。相于拥挤的交通、严重的污染、极度的缺水和比天高的房价人们却是怨声载道现在即使是国家控制的也开始提出迁都的建，BeijinghasbeenChina’scapitalformostofthepast600years.SincetheCommunistvictoryin1949,theChinesehavebeentaughttoreverethecityasanembodimentofChina’spower,theparty’smightandtheircountry’sglorioushistory.Toproposeamovestrikesmanyasheretical.Inrecentyears,however,somehavebrokenranks.In2000evenChina’sthenPrimeMinister,ZhuRongji,joinedthesceptics.Thecapital,hedeclared,mighthavetomoveifmeasurestocurbitssandstormsfailed. 都这种提议简直就是异端。然而最近几年，终于有人发出了不同。2000年，中国当Sincethenofficialshaveclaimedsomesuccessinreducingthefrequencyoftheselung-cloggingcalamities.Butotherproblemshavegrown.Beijingersfedupwithtrafficgridlocksometimespronouncetheword“shoudu”,meaningcapital,inadifferenttonesothatitsoundslike“themostcongested”.Formuchoftheyearagreyblanketofpollutantsshroudsthecity.Therateofbirthdefectshasdoubledoverthepastdecade.Theenvironmentisthoughttobeacontributoryfactor.Severalscholarshavesuggested,innewspapersaswellasonline,thattheseandotherproblemswouldbestbesolvedbyrelocatingthecentralernment.，讽刺是堵塞最严重的城市。一年里多数时候，城都为一层灰蒙蒙的污染物所笼罩。过去十年里，的新生儿出生缺陷率增加了一倍。环境问题无疑是一个重要的影响因素。Beijing’sbureaucratsareunlikelytobepersuaded.Theirprivileges,commontoallthoseregisteredasBeijingcitizens(i.e.,notmigrantsfromotherprovinces),includereadieraccessthanmostotherChinesehavetosomeofthecountry’sbesteducationalandmedicalfacilities.Somelocalofficialsinplacesfavoredbyscholarsaspotentialcapitalsiteshavebeenproclaimingtheirmerits.ButgiventheallureofBeijing’samenities,itislittlewonderthatthecentralauthoritieskeepquiet.，尽管如此的们还是不太可能被说动。他们和所有拥有户口的居民（即非和医疗设施一些被学者们提名为候选新都地址的城市已经开始为自己做起了但，（航空航天大学Laughlinacknowledgesthat“alotofresponsiblepeople”areworriedaboutatmosphericconcentrationsofcarbondioxidefromburningfossilfuels.Thishas,hesays“thepotential”tomodifytheweatherbyraisingaveragetemperaturesseveraldegreescentigradeandthaternmentshavetaken“significant，althoughineffective”stepstoslowthewarming.“Qnthescalesoftimerelevanttoitself,theearthdoesn’tcareaboutanyoftheseernmentstheir任何或者它们的法律”Someday,allthefossilfuelsthatusedtobeinthegroundwillbeburned.Afterthat,inaboutamillennium,theearthwilldissolvemostoftheresultingcarbondioxideintotheoceans.Thedissolvingwillleavetheconcentrationintheatmosphereonlyslightlyhigherthantoday’s.Then“overtensofmillennia,orperhapshundreds”theearthwilltransfertheexcesscarbondioxideintoitsrocks,“eventuallyreturninglevelsintheseaandairtowhattheywerebeforehumansarrivedonthescene.”Thiswilltakeaneternityashumanreckon,butablinkingeologictime.平。再经过几万年，也许几十万年，地球将缓慢地把过量的转化为岩石“最终使海洋中和空气中的浓度恢复到人类出现之前的水平”从人类的视角来看，这个过（PeopleinChinagenerallyagreethatitisimportanttocelebratethecountry'srichhistory,butitsculturethinkthereistoomuchofthewrongkindofcelebratinggoingon.Twoagencies,theMinistryofCultureandtheStateAdministrationofCulturalHeritage,havebannedthepromotionof'negativehistoricalfiguresorliteraryworks'fortourismpurposes,theoreticallyendingalongstandingpracticebyChinesecitiesofplayinguptheirtiestoracyculturaliconslikethelustfulXimenQingthroughfestivals,themeparksandmerchandise.、在对历史文化进行不合理宣扬方面做得太过分了有朝一日的故里是否也会拿来炒作？中国文化部和国家已出于发展旅游业的目的文化现象历史人物和文艺形象，从理论上说，这将终止中国一些城期以来通过节庆公园和某些商品来宣扬自己与等低俗文化形象间联系的做法。、AfewluckydestinationsinChina,likeMao'shometownofShaoshaninHunanprovince,areblessedwiththenotorietyofastate-approvedcelebrity,allowingthemtorakeintourismdollars.ButformostChinesetowns,bringingintouristsishardwork,whichismadeeasieriftheycanstakeaclaimtosomeonefamous,whetherreal,mythicalorliterary.Disputescanflareupamongtowningtobetheoriginalhomesofthesamepopularcharacter.JustbeforetheMinistryofCultureannouncedthenewrules,LoufancountyinShanxideclareditselfhometownoftheMonkeyKing,challengingthesameclaimmadebyLianangCityiJiangsu,accordingtoarecentarticleonXinhua'sEnglish-languagewebsite.此可以幸运地借助名人吃上旅游饭。但大多数城镇来说，招徕游客却不是件易事，但爆发争执英文上最近刊登的一篇文章说就文化部宣布上述定之前，山西娄烦县刚刚宣布自己是美猴悟空的老家这对此前已宣称自己是故里的江苏CriticssaythatthiskindofculturalinfightingisembarrassingtoChina,especiallywhenattractingforeigndollarsisthemotive.'Itisbetterifthesecitiesmanageandprotecttheirownculturalheritageandintangibleculturalresources,ratherthancompetewitheachotherandhumiliatethemselves,'TongjiUniversityProfessorRuanYisanwasquotedbyXinhuaassaying.Inthepast,touriststuntsbyChinesetownshavebeenheavilyfrowneduponbythepublic.AsexthemeparkcalledLoveLandinsouthwesternChinawasdemolishedbeforeitevenopened,afterincitingwidespreadcondemnation.Earlierthisyear,publicoutcryforcedernmentofficialsinZhangjiajietobackawayfromplanstorenamealocalmountain'AvatarHallelujahMountain'afterthepopularHollywoodmovie.Thelatestcrackdown,however,goesfurtherthananyonenandpromisestolayoutstrictguidelinesforwhatisappropriateculturalcelebrationinthecomingweeks.。湖南张家界的放弃了将当地一座山峰改名为“达峰”的计划路。（大学2012）锦江在秦汉时代称为二江，包括（内江）和检江（外江。（brocadeTheJinjiangRiverwascalledtheChengduErjiang(tworivers)duringtheQinandHandynasties,includingtheinnerriverPijiangandouterriverJianjiang.SincetheHanDynastythetworivers eknownbyasharedpoeticname,Jinjiang,meaningBrocadeRiver.Accordingtohistoricalrecord,Sichuanweaversoftenwashedtheirbrocadeinthetworiversbecausethebrocadebecamemorelustrousandbrightafterbeingwashedwiththewater.ThisiswhythetworiversbecameknownastheBrocadeRiver.府，锦江使成为繁荣富庶的名都。都江堰与锦江都是城市文明的摇篮。ThisnamingisalsorelatedtoDujiangyan.IntheancientShutimes,theMinjiangRiverbecamemuddyandranofframpantly,turningtheareaintomarshesafteritenteredtheChengduPlain,makingfarmingontheplainimpossible.TheDujiangyanWaterProjectmadeuseofthetworiversaswaterdiversionchannelsforirrigation.Asaresult,themuddywatersbecameclearenoughforlocalweaverstowashtheirbrocade,whichcontributedtoitsnameofBrocadeRiver.BoththeDujiangyanandJinjiangwerecradlesoftheurbancivilizationofChengdu,sincetheformerconvertedthesubmergedChengduPlainintoanexpanseoffertilefarmlandfreefromfloodanddroughtandthelatterbroughtprosperityandaffluencetothecityofChengdu.。锦江赋予天青水绿的自然环境的天生丽质离不开锦江“水绿天青不起尘，风光和。ThebeautyofChengduattributestothewonderfulnaturalconditionsofJinjiang,whichcanbedescribedbyalinefromaChinesepoem“Thewaterandtheskyarebluewithoutaseedofdust,thesceneryandclimateareevenbetterthanShaanxi.”713世纪被修成了今天的大运河。大运河在元、明、清三代南北的大动脉，为南北经济和文化的交流做出了巨大的贡献。由于南北海运的发展和19世纪中期至浦口和在成立后，大运河又焕发了生机。除开山东地段只能部分通航之外，大运河很多其他800公里地段能全年通航。InthelateSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe5thcenturyB.C.,acwascutnearzhou,Jiangsu,toguidethewatersofthetzeRivertothenorth.ThiswaslengthenedduringtheSuiDynastyofthe7thcentury,andfinallyduringtheYuanDynastyof13thcentury,to whathasbeenknownastheGrandC.TheGrandCwasthemajortransportarterybetweennorthandsouthChinaduringtheYuan,MingandQingDynasties,contributinggreatlytotheeconomicandculturalexchangebetweennorthandsouth.OwingtothedevelopmentofthemaritimetransportbetweennorthandsouthandtheopeningoftheTianjin-PukouandBeijing-Hankourailwaysafterthemid-19thcentury,theroleoftheGrandCwasgreatlyreducedandmanysectionsofitfellintodisrepairorbecamechokedwithmud.TheGrandCgainedanewleaseonlifeafterthefoundingofthePeople’s.ExceptforthesectioninShwhichisonlypartlyserviceable,manyothersectionsarenavigableinsomeoftheseasonswhilethe800-kilometerstretchfromJiangsutoopentoyear-roundship.（师范大学。的大问题，每时每刻都会对资源环境产生直接影响，同时也会间接影响生产方式每个人都要从自己做起，从一点一滴做起。Weneedtourgerationalconsumptionhabitsinordertofostercivilizedlifestyles.Thoughconsumptionhabitsandlifestylesmayappeartobetrivial,theyareinfactsignificantsocialissues,notonlyhavingadirectimpactonresourcesandtheenvironmentatalltimes,butalsohavinganindirectbearingonmodesofproduction.Therefore,eachandeveryoneofusneedstomakeaneffortinthisregard,bearinginmindthateverylittlethingcounts.一是树立健康的消费理念。持续开展、环境脆弱的国情宣传和深度教纸、每一粒粮，在全社会形成节约光荣、浪费的新风尚，使节约资源和保护环境成为13亿的主流价值观……,weneedtoestablishsoundconsumerattitudes.Bycarryingoutpublicityandeducationalinitiatives,wemustensurethatChina’sresourceshortagesandfragileenvironmentsareknowntothepeople.Thiswillhelpustoraisepublicawarenesswithregardtoenvironmentalprotectionandecologicalissues.Withthatasabasis,wemusturgethepeopletosaveeverydropofwatereveryunitofelectricity,everypieceofpaperandeverygrainofrice.Byfosteringasocialatmosphereinwhichfrugalityisapplaudedandwastefulnessislookeddownupon,wewillstrivetomakeresourceconservationandenvironmentalprotectiona。mainstreamvaluefor1.3billionChinesepeople.三是创造整洁的生活环境。大力扶持绿色交通，行分类回收和循环利用，改造排污，提高废弃物集中处理能力，绿化、美运、集中处理”的处理方式，深入实施秸秆禁烧和综合利用，建设“居住集中化、环境生态化、服务功能化”的农村新社区。Thi