(新高考)高考英语三轮冲刺大题优练8 完形填空 夹叙夹议(解析版)

完形填空完形填空（夹叙夹议）大题优练8优选例题优选例题【例题】Itwasadarknight.Thick,dark,graycloudshadmadesurethattherewasnostarlightormoonlightto1measIwalkedoutonmyporch.Still,IkepttheporchlightoffbecauseIdidn’twanttobe2bybugsandmothsonthissticky3evening.Istoodthereforawhilelettingmyeyesadjusttothelackof4.Itwasthen,though,thatIsawthem.Firstoneblinkoflightatthefarendofthemeadowfollowedbyanotherandthenanother.I5.Irecognizedthematonceasmyfirefly(萤火虫)6,mylightningbugbuddieswhoalways7thistimeoftheyear.WhenIwaslittleIusedtositinthegrassandwatchthem8flyaroundblinkingonandoff.Inever9andputoneinajarassomekidsdidbecauseIneverwantedtohurtthesemessengersoflight.Theirtimeonthisearthwasso10asitwas.Itriedtoenjoythemeachnighttheywerehere.Italways11mewhentheydisappearedinthefallanditalwaysmademyheart12whentheyreappearedthenextsummer.Weareliketheminalotofways.Our13hereonearthisbrief.Oftenourlightandlovearemorelikeonandoffblinksratherthana14shine.Still,wedoourbesttoshareitandtake15inknowingthatotherswillbeshiningtheirlightlongafterwearegone.1．A．show B．greet C．please D．guide2．A．frightened B．accompanied C．shined D．troubled3．A．summer B．winter C．spring D．fall4．A．heat B．water C．light D．air5．A．frowned B．cried C．smiled D．sighed6．A．lovers B．friends C．partners D．mates7．A．wentout B．gaveout C．settleddown D．showedup8．A．fearfully B．cautiously C．nervously D．slowly9．A．saw B．hit C．caught D．got10．A．hard B．terrible C．useful D．brief11．A．depressed B．surprised C．confused D．excited12．A．beat B．sing C．move D．tremble13．A．hope B．memory C．mind D．life14．A．beautiful B．steady C．bright D．clear15．A．pride B．comfort C．action D．interest【答案】1-5BDACC6-10BDDCD11-15ABDBB【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。1．考查动词词义辨析。根据前面的“therewasnostarlightormoonlightto”和后面的measIwalkedoutonmyporch”可知，作者走出来的时候，因为漆黑一片，因此没有月光和星光来迎接他，此处为拟人用法。故选B。2．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“Ikepttheporchlightoff”和后面的“bugsandmoths”可知，作者不喜欢被虫子和飞蛾等袭扰，而把灯关掉。故选D。3．考查名词词义辨析。结合后面的“summerevening”和常识可知当时是夏季。故选A。4．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“therewasnostarlightormoonlight”和“Ikepttheporchlightoff”可知当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选C。5．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“Irecognizedthematonceasmyfirefly”可知，作者看到了自己的萤火虫朋友，应该是微笑了。故选C。6．考查名词词义辨析。根据后面的“mylightingbugbuddies”可知，作者把萤火虫看作是自己的朋友。故选B。7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一眼就认出他们是我的萤火虫朋友，我的闪电虫伙伴，他们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A.wentout熄灭；B.gaveout分发；C.settleddown定居；D.showedup露面。根据常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选D。8．考查副词词义辨析。根据常识和下文“putoneinajarassomekidsdid”可知，孩子们能逮住萤火虫说明它飞得慢。故选D。9．考查动词词义辨析。根据后面的“putoneinajarassomekidsdid”可知，只有逮住萤火虫才能放进罐子里。故选C。10．考查形容词词义辨析。与最后一段的“hereonearthisbrief”呼应，作者认为萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂，不想伤害这些光明的使者。故选D。11．考查动词词义辨析。作者把萤火虫当作朋友，所以当它们在秋天消失时，总是让作者感到沮丧。故选A。12．考查动词词义辨析。作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，结合后面的“whentheyreappearedthenextsummer”可知，当它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。这里用心在唱歌形容作者高兴的心情。故选B。13．考查名词词义辨析。根据前面的“Weareliketheminalotofways.”和后面的“hereonearthisbrief”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂。故选D。14．考查形容词词义辨析。与前面“onandoffblinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选B。15．考查名词词义辨析。此处指虽然人生短暂，但我们仍要尽力发光，就算我们离去，也会有别人闪耀着他们的光芒，我们也就能够释怀了。takecomfortin“感到宽慰”。故选B。模拟优练模拟优练（一）Contrarytopopularbelief,thesecrettoconfidentpublicspeakingisnotaboutgettingridofyournerves.Thekeyistoredefineyouranxietyas16.Afewyearsago,myteamandIledaleadershipcommunicationtrainingprogramforalargefinancialinstitution.Onebankingmanagerinparticularwasincredibly17aboutpublicspeaking.18thefactthatshehadawarmpersonalitywhichmight19speaking,theideaofspeakinginpublic20hertothepointofnearparalysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.Butratherthan21hernervousness,everytimeshehadtogetupand22toourgroup,shewouldexclaim,"That's23!"Andwe'dalllaughwithher24weknewitreallymeant—"I'mterrified!”Andinspiteofthenerves,herpresentationswerevery25.Thatphrasebecameaninsidereferencewithinoursmallgroup：Everytimesomeonewas26beforespeaking,they'dshout,“that'samazing!"whentheystoodupandwe'dall27.Anxietyandexcitementareactuallyvery,very28,butanxietyandcalmnessaretoofarapart.Whenwetellpeopletocalmdownbeforeabigpublicspeech,we'reactuallysuggestingsomethingthat'sincredibly29.Sofocusingonexcitementratherthantryingtocalmdownactuallycontributesto30.16．A．curiosity B．joy C．courage D．excitement17．A．depressed B．optimistic C．puzzled D．anxious18．A．Despite B．Above C．Against D．As19．A．enhance B．fade C．affect D．blow20．A．scared B．discouraged C．inspired D．exposed21．A．hide B．conquer C．reveal D．control22．A．turn B．present C．sign D．direct23．A．ridiculous B．incredible C．unbelievable D．amazing24．A．until B．if C．because D．unless25．A．engaging B．encouraging C．plain D．explicit26．A．excited B．nervous C．energetic D．annoyed27．A．compromise B．sympathize C．compensate D．condemn28．A．distant B．confusing C．different D．close29．A．unique B．regular C．difficult D．obscure30．A．evaluation B．expectation C．performance D．impression【答案】16-20DDAAA21-25CBDCA26-30BBDCC【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过具体事例说明在演讲时，消除紧张的关键是将自己的焦虑重新定义为兴奋。16．考查名词词义辨析。根据“Sofocusingonexcitementratherthantryingtocalmdownactuallycontributesto________.”可知，专注于兴奋将帮助消除紧张。故选D。17．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“theideaofspeakinginpublic________hertothepointofnearparalysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，该银行经理对公开演讲特别焦虑。故选D。18．考查介词词义辨析。根据“theideaofspeakinginpublic________hertothepointofnearparalysis（瘫痪，崩溃）.”可知，前后为转折关系，所以用介词despite。故选A。19．考查动词词义辨析。根据“thefactthatshehadawarmpersonality”可知，这种温和的性格有助于提升她的演讲。故选A。20．考查动词词义辨析。根据“thepointofnearparalysis.”可知，演讲者一想到要在公众场合讲话，吓得几乎瘫痪。故选A。21．考查动词词义辨析。根据转折词but和“everytimeshehadtogetupand________toourgroup,shewouldexclaim,“That's________!”可知，这位演讲者并没有表现出自己的紧张。故选C。22．考查动词词义辨析。根据“Afewyearsago,myteamandIledaleadershipcommunicationtrainingprogramforalargefinancialinstitution.”可知，这位银行经理向大家呈现报告。故选B。23．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Everytimesomeonewas____11____beforespeaking,they'dshout,“that'samazing!"whentheystoodupandwe'dall____12____.”提示可知，这位银行经理都会大声说“太棒了”为自己鼓气。故选D。24．考查连词词义辨析。根据“Andwe'dalllaughwithher”可知，这里为原因状语从句，解释一起笑的原因。故选C。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管紧张，她的演讲还是非常吸引人。A.engaging动人的；B.encouraging令人鼓舞的；C.plain清楚的；D.explicit明确的。根据“Andinspiteofthenerves,”可知，尽管这位银行经理紧张，但她的演讲非常吸引人。故选A。26．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“Contrarytopopularbelief,thesecrettoconfidentpublicspeakingisnotaboutgettingridofyournerves.”及全文可知，这里指演讲前的紧张。故选B。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这句话成为了我们小组的内部参考：每次有人在发言前感到紧张，他们站起来就会喊：“太棒了!”我们都会这样表示共勉。A.compromise妥协；B.sympathize同情；同感；C.compensate补偿；D.condemn谴责。根据“Everytimesomeonewas________beforespeaking,they'dshout,“that'samazing!"”可知，大家以此句共同勉励大家。故选B。28．考查形容词词义辨析。根据“butanxietyandcalmnessaretoofarapart.”可知，焦虑和兴奋非常相近。故选D。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们在大型公开演讲前告诉人们要冷静下来时，我们实际上是在建议一件极其困难的事情。A.unique独特的；B.regular有规律的；C.difficult困难的；D.obscure难解的。根据“Whenwetellpeopletocalmdownbeforeabigpublicspeech,”可知，让人在演讲前冷静是非常困难的。故选C。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，专注于兴奋而不是试图冷静下来实际上有助于表现。A.evaluation评估；B.expectation期盼；C.performance表现；D.impression印象。根据“Sofocusingonexcitementratherthantryingtocalmdown”可知，让焦虑变成兴奋有助于我们在公众演讲的表现。故选C。(二)Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere31andthehedges(树篱)desperatelyneededtobecutback.Itlookedvery32.Butwhentheneighborssawtheir33,theyjustlookedateachotherandlaughed.Itseemedtoohardto34allthegardensandnoonecouldbebotheredtomakethembetterbecauseeveryone'sgardenwas35terrible.Noonefeltitwasurgentto36anything.ThenagardenernamedBillmovedin.Billwasa37,hard-workingandpatientmanwhostartedworkinginthegardenassoonashe38inthestreet.Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutalloftheweeds.Finally,hetookuphisgardeningandstarted39hishedges,makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.Attractedbythe40,theneighborswalkedbyandadmiredthenewlymanicured(修整的)garden.Oversometime,somethinginterestinghappened.Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmore41intheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.Afterafewmonths,thestreetwas42fromadirty,unappealingcollectionofhousestoabeautifulavenuethatwouldn'tbeoutofplaceinastylishmagazine.Oneperson'sactionshowedeveryonewhatcouldbeachievedwithalittle43work.It'seasyforusto44theenvironmentaroundusbecausenooneelsecaresaboutit.Rememberwhatyoupositivelydonotonly45yourself,butalsoresultsinachangetothewholeworld.31．A．takingover B．dyingout C．giving D．fallingoff32．A．tidy B．delicate C．familiar D．awful33．A．gardens B．doors C．roofs D．farms34．A．purchase B．guard C．clear D．build35．A．scarcely B．invisibly C．slightly D．equally36．A．keep B．change C．reach D．defeat37．A．proud B．casual C．neat D．selfless38．A．settled B．stepped C．performed D．stood39．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．shaping40．A．officeclerk B．fashiondesigner C．landscapegardener D．streetcleaner41．A．furniture B．staff C．effort D．heat42．A．transformed B．moved C．enlarged D．passed43．A．mental B．hard C．corporate D．optional44．A．observe B．mind C．overlook D．pollute45．A．traps B．benefits C．defends D．admires【答案】31-35ADACD36-40BCADC41-45CABCB【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述一条街的邻居在比尔的影响下开始清理自己的花园，让周围环境更美的故事，告诉读者一个人的行为可以向人们展示只需要一点点努力就可以做出改变。31．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：草坪杂草丛生，杂草占据了花园，树篱迫切地需要修剪。A.takingover接管，接收；B.dyingout灭绝；C.giving给；D.fallingoff跌落，下降。根据上文的“Thelawnswereovergrown”可知，此处指杂草接管了花园，即“占据”。故选A。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它看起来非常糟糕。A.tidy整洁的；B.delicate精美的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.awful糟糕的。根据上文的“Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere__________andthehedges(树篱)desperatelyneededtobecutback.”可知，这里的花园杂草丛生，看起来非常糟糕。故选D。33．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”可知，此处是指花园。故选A。34．考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“tomakethembetter”可知，此处是指清理这些花园。故选C。35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：要把所有这些花园清理干净似乎不容易，大家都懒得去收拾，因为所有人的花园都一样糟糕。A.scarcely几乎不；B.invisibly看不见地；C.slightly稍微地；D.equally相同的。根据上文的“wherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不关心花园。故选D。36．考查动词词义辨析。结合上文提到大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理可知，没人想要做出改变。且下文的“butalsoresultsinachangetothewholeworld.”也是提示。故选B。37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A.proud骄傲的；B.casual随意的；C.neat整洁的；D.selfless无私的。根据下文的“Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutalloftheweeds.”可知，比尔开始清理花园，由此推知他是一个爱整洁的人。故选C。38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A.settled定居，安顿；B.stepped踏；C.performed表演；D.stood站。根据上文的“ThenagardenernamedBillmovedin.”可知，比尔搬到了这条街，即在这里安顿下来。故选A。39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他开始了园艺，开始给树篱造型，让它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球或者其他。A.planting种植；B.picking摘；C.watering浇水；D.shaping塑造，造型。根据下文的“makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.”可知，比尔在给树篱造型，让它们看起来更美。故选D。40．考查名词词组辨析。句意：被园林园丁吸引，邻居们专程过来欣赏刚刚休整好的花园。A.officeclerk办公室职员；B.fashiondesigner时尚设计师；C.landscapegardener园林园丁；D.streetcleaner街道清扫员。根据上文的“hetookuphisgardeningandstarted__________hishedges,makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.”可推知，比尔是一个园林园丁。故选C。41．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始把更多的精力投入到其中。故选C。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，这条街从一堆肮脏、毫无吸引力的房子变成了一条在时尚杂志上都不会显得格格不入的街道。A.transformed改变；B.moved搬动；C.enlarged扩大；D.passed经过。结合上文可知，现在这条街的人都格外关注自己的花园，由此推知这条街发生了变化，即被改变了。故选A。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个人的行为向所有人展示了只需要一点努力就可以取得成就。A.mental精神上的；B.hard努力的；C.corporate合作的；D.optional选择的。根据上文的“Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmore__________intheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.”可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，结果就会大不相同。故选B。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易忽略我们的周围的环境，因为没有其他人在乎它。A.observe观察；B.mind介意；C.overlook忽略；D.pollute污染。根据上文的“Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere__________andthehedges(树篱)desperatelyneededtobecutback.”和“Butwhentheneighborssawtheir__________,theyjustlookedateachotherandlaughed.”可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。故选C。45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住：你积极从事的事情不仅对你有益，还可以给整个世界带来变化。A.traps困住；B.benefits对……有益；C.defends保卫，守卫；D.admires钦佩，羡慕。结合上文故事可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居改变周围的环境。故选B。（四）Theotherday,mygrandfatherwasexplaininghisfavoriteexpression,“Nothingis46”Yesterday,asItriedtocompletemyday'swork,I47tonoticeabeeontheskylight(天窗).Theskylightwasparticularlyhighup,butIthought48thebeewouldtakeafewminutes.Anhourlater,thebee49remained.Allthathadchangedwasthatthelivingroomwas50andthatIwasdizzyfromlookingupintothe51Ididnotexpecttowasteanhouronit,butIunderstoodthatexpression.Weoftenimaginewhatcanworkinour52,butweseldomthinkofallthenegativethings.However,itisimportanttorememberyourdayoryearmightnotgo53,whichisnormal.Itisacceptabletofeel54--evenatataskyouthoughtsimple-becausethatispartof55.Ifyoucan56nothingwilleverbeeasy,thenlifemightseemslightlymore57.Inmiddleschool,IthoughthighschoolmightbeeasierbecauseIcouldchoosethe58Iwantedtotake.Inhighschool,IthoughtcollegemightbeeasierbecauseIcouldhaveaschedulesuitedformyself.59eachtime,Iwaswrong.Afteracceptingschoolwouldn'tbeeasy,I60myselfwithamorepositiveattitudeandimprovedresults.46．A．perfect B．common C．easy D．certain47．A．attempted B．pretended C．seemed D．happened48．A．watching B．removing C．feeding D．approaching49．A．ever B．even C．still D．always50．A．messy B．orderly C．empty D．dangerous51．A．skylight B．sunlight C．bee D．livingroom52．A．charge B．interest C．favor D．path53．A．asplanned B．asviewed C．asusual D．aswell54．A．silly B．strange C．challenged D．excited55．A．work B．management C．routine D．life56．A．agree B．accept C．state D．believe57．A．comfortable B．tough C．manageable D．available58．A．school B．books C．classes D．activities59．A．Still B．Instead C．So D．Yet60．A．taught B．found C．inspired D．helped【答案】46-50CDBCA51-55BCACD56-60BCCDB【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己的经历，分享了凡事不容易的生活哲理。46．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：前几天，我的祖父分享了他最喜欢的一句话：没有什么是容易的。A.perfect完美的；B.common普通的；C.easy容易的；D.certain确定的。根据下文“Ifyoucan________nothingwilleverbeeasy,”可知这句话表达的是“没有什么事情很容易就能做成”这一道理。故选C项。47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天，当我正努力完成一天的工作时，我碰巧注意到天窗上有一只蜜蜂。A.attempted试图；B.pretended假装；C.seemed似乎；D.happened碰巧。根据上文“Itriedtocompletemyday'swork”可知，作者正在工作，看见蜜蜂只是碰巧。happentodo表示“碰巧，恰巧”。故选D项。48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天窗特别高，但我认为把蜜蜂赶走只需要几分钟。A.watching观看；B.removing移除；C.feeding喂养；D.approaching接近。根据下文“Anhourlater,thebee_____remained”可知，作者是想把这只蜜蜂赶走。故选B项。49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，蜜蜂仍然停留在原地。A.ever曾经；B.even甚至；C.still仍然；D.always总是。根据上文“Ithought____thebeewouldtakeafewminutes”和空后“remained”可知，作者原以为用不了几分钟就能把蜜蜂赶走，结果一小时过去了，它“仍然”停留在那儿。故选C项。50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A.messy杂乱的；B.orderly有序的；C.empty空的；D.dangerous危险的。根据上文“Anhourlater,thebee______remained.”可知，作者花了一小时赶蜜蜂，结果蜜蜂没有被赶走，房间却被弄得很乱。故选A项。51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅变得乱糟糟的，由于一直抬头看阳光使得我头晕目眩。我没料到会在这上面浪费一个小时，但我理解了那句话。A.skylight天窗；B.sunlight阳光；C.bee蜜蜂；D.living