历次稿子及修改-vievie-oral一罪辩方

Mr.,yourexerllencies,mayitpleasetheMynameisFanyiwei,anditisagreathonortoappearbeforethiscourtasthecounselofdefence,inthenext20minutes,I'llstartwiththecharacterofthisarmed-.AndthenI'llmoveontothecharge.IfImay,yourExcellencies,IwillmoveontothechargethatGeneralReedisnotliableforwarcrimeofexcessiveincidentalloss,injuryordeath.Oursubmissioncanbedividedintotwoparts.,theperpetratordidnotcommitthewarcrimeofexcessiveincidentalloss,injuryordeath.Second,GeneralReedshouldnotbearindividualcriminalresponsibility.NowIwilladdressthepart.AccordingtotheEoC,thecrimerequiresfiveelements,ofwhich,element2and3arenotsatisfied.Astoelement2,incidentalloss,injuryordeathcausedbyAAF&NIAisnotexcessiveinrelationtotheconcreteanddirectoverallmilitaryadvantageanticipated.AccordingtotheICRCcommentary,militaryadvantagemustbeconcreteanddirect.Theexpression“concreteanddirectoverallmilitaryadvantage”referstoamilitaryadvantagethatisforeseeablebytheperpetratorattherelevanttime.AndseveralStatesexpressedthatmilitaryadvantageanticipatedfromtheattackshouldbeconsideredasawholeandnotfromisolatedorparticularpartsoftheattack.Collateraldamagemeanstheincidentaldeathtocivilianordamagetocivilianobjects.Tominimizetheexpectedcollateraldamagebeforeanattack,allfeasibleprecautionsmustbetaken.ThemilitaryadvantageinthiscaseistheproductionlineintheBASfactory,NeilBingandhissmallPABdetaent,alsothemilitaryslistedintheKiesh.BASfactoryhadstartedtoprepareforthesetupofproductionlinetoassembleexplosivedevicesforPAB.Basedonthisintendedfutureuse,it’samilitaryobjective.Themilitaryadvantagegainedbysingofthefactoryisforeseeable.ItcutdownfuturesupplyofexplosivedevicetoPAB,thusdegradeditswar-fightingcapability.Asaresult,itspedupthewholemilitaryoperationofthunderstorm.TheassassinationofBingbyairstrikesonhisapartmentcoulddisorientbotharmyanddestroyedtheirmorale,andthekillingofaPABdetaentcouldweakentheirfightingcapability,bothofwhichprovidedanoverallmilitaryadvantage.ThemilitaryadvantageintheattackofthewholecityisregainingcontrolofKiesh.Thesselectedwereallmilitaryobjectives.RecapturingKieshwastheutmostpriorityofthemilitaryoperation.Withthesupportoftheairstrikesandartillerysing,themainforceoftheAAFtookcontrolofthewesternpartofKiesh,destroyingthemaincontrol,communicationandlogisticalcentreforBethuisiansforces.Themilitaryadvantageisconcreteanddirect.Andprecautionshavebeentakeninthecase.ThesingtimeatBASfactorywasataround18:00whilethenormalworkinghourswere9:00-17:30.Normally,thereshallbehardlyanyworkersinthefactory.WhenattackingBing’sapartment,theperpetratoralreadychosedronesinsteadofartilleryasternativetoincreasetheaccuracyandreducethestrengthoftheattack.Thus,onlyBing’sapartmentwasdamagedwhileotherbuildingsinPeaceGardenwerewellPrecautionswerealsotakenwhenattackingKieshasawhole,whichincludedtheenforcementofcurfew,disperseofcivilians,theplanofevacuationtosecurelocations,andthesetupofin ligence,surveillanceandreconnaissancesystemcooperatedbyAAFandNIA.Comparatively,noevidencewhichindicatedthatincidentaldeathorinjurytociviliansordamagetocivilianobjectswereclearlyexcessive.Therefore,collateraldamagedidnotclearlyexceedmilitaryadvantageAstoelement3,theperpetratordidnotknowtheattackswouldbeclearlyexcessive.UnderArticle30oftheRomeStatute,"knowledge"meansawarenessthatacircumstanceexistsoraconsequencewilloccurintheordinarycourseofevents.Incurrentcase,noevidenceindicatesthatReedknewtheseattackswouldbeexcessive:ThesingtoBASfactorywasataround18:00whilethenormalworkinghourwere9:00-17:30.Intheordinarycourseofevent,thereshouldhavebeennoworkersinthefactory.Howeveronthatday,manyworkerswereworkin ertimeonthesetupofthenewproductionlinewhichAAFunitscouldnotknow.Sincetherewasnoindicationthattheovertimeworkloadwasafrequentoccurrence,it’simpossibleforAAFtoforeseethisirregularity.Moreover,theevidencegivenbyColonelBingthatallthelightsinthefactorywereonatthetimeoftheattackcouldnotbecorroboratedwithotherevidence.WhenattackingBing’sapartment,theperpetratorhadnoknowledgethatthedamagewouldbe“clearlyexcessive”,becausetheperpetratorhavealreadytakentheprecautionsmentionedabovebeforetheattack.Inaconclusion,theloss,injuryordeathcausedbytheattackswerenotIfImay,yourexcellencies,IwillturntothesecondpartthatGeneralReeddidnotbearIndividualResponsibilityunderArticle25(3)(a)oftheRomeStatute.Inordertodefine25(3)(a),TheadhoctribunalandIroposedobjectiveelementsandsubjectiveelements.Thesubjectiveelementsrequiredperpetratortoprocess“criminalintention”,and“intent”inArt.30inRomeStatuterefersto“Inrelationtoconduct,that meanstoengageintheconduct；Inrelationtoaconsequence, meanstocausethatconsequenceorisawarethatitwilloccurintheordinarycourseofInthiscase,GeneralReedfailstomeetthesubjectiveWithrespecttotheconduct,theconductsheengagedinwerenotaimedtocauseexcessivecollateraldamaged,buttodestructmilitaryobjectives.Withrespecttotheconsequence,Hedidnotmeantocauseexcessivecollateraldamage.AlltheinformationofartilleryattacksandairstrikeswereprovidedbyAsh,GeneralReedonlyapprovedthelistofandagreedwitht