写作主体段落的写作原则与技巧_第1页
写作主体段落的写作原则与技巧_第2页
写作主体段落的写作原则与技巧_第3页
写作主体段落的写作原则与技巧_第4页
写作主体段落的写作原则与技巧_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩18页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

23/23专四写作主体段落写作原则1.长短句原则

中国考生语法功底普遍专门好,因此,在写作文时,专门容易出现长句堆积的现象。然而,如此专门容易使得文章枯燥乏味,读起来费解。相反,写一个短小精辟的句子,却能够起到画龙点睛的作用。而且,假如我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也能够揭示主题:

Asacreature,Ieat;asaman,Iread.Althoughoneactionistomeettheprimaryneedofmybodyandtheotheristosatisfytheintellectualneedofmind,theyareinawayquitesimilar.

如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,更能够使文章文采飞扬。

在那个地点我们强烈建议考生:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释要紧意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采纳先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉。文章结尾一般用一长一短就能够了。

2.主题句原则

英文写作和中文写作的一个专门大的区不在于:中文写作喜爱水到渠成,只有在最后才透露观点,然而英文写作往往却开门见山,在文章的段首就讲明白整段的内容。因此在那个地点建一靠赊概念一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让阅卷人一目了然,文章结构更加清晰。

特不提示:隐藏主体句但是要冒险的。

Tobeginwith,youmustworkhardatyourlessonsandbefullypreparedbeforetheexam(主题句).Withoutsufficientpreparation,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectly.

3.一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…尽管罗嗦。然而怎么讲条理清晰。考官们看文章也必定要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清晰,条理自然。解决方法专门简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就能够了。

1)first,second,third,last(不推举,缘故:俗)

2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推举,缘故:俗)

3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast(不推举,缘故:俗)

4)inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,inthethirdplace,lastly(不推举,缘故:俗)

5)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally(强烈推举)

6)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally(强烈推举)

7)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast(强烈推举)

8)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally

9)ononehand,ontheotherhand(适用于两点的情况)

10)foronething,foranotherthing(适用于两点的情况)

4.短语优先原则

写作时,尤其是在考试时,假如使用短语,有两个好处:其一、短语会使文章增加亮点,假如老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必定会低看你一等。相反,假如发觉亮点-精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,如何办?用短语是一个方法。比如:

Icannotbearit.

能够用短语表达:Icannotputupwithit.

Iwantit.

能够用短语表达:Iamlookingforwardtoit.

如此字数明显增加,表达也更准确。

5.多实少虚原则

缘故专门简单,写文章依旧应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我那个地点所讲的虚词确实是指那些比较大的词。比如我们讲一个人专门好的时候,不应该直讲nice如此空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous,humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital之类的形容词。再比如:

走出房间,general的词是:walkoutoftheroom,然而小偷走出房间应该讲:slipoutoftheroom

小姐走出房间应该讲:sailoutoftheroom,小孩走出房间应该讲:danceoutoftheroom,老人走出房间应该讲:staggeroutoftheroom,因此多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩。

6.多变句式原则

(1)加法(串联)

都希望写下专门长的句子,像个老外似的,可确实是怕写错,如何办,最保险的写长句的方法确实是这些,能够在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如讲:

Ienjoymusicandheisfondofplayingguitar.

假如是二者并列的,我们能够用一个超级句式:

Notonlythefurcoatissoft,butitisalsowarm.

其它的短语能够用:besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover

(2)转折(拐弯抹角)

批判某人缺点的时候,我们总适应先拐弯抹角讲讲他的优点,然后转入正题,再讲缺点,这种方式还比较容易让人同意。因此呢,我们讲话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

Thecarwasquiteold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.thecoatwasthin,butitwaswarm.

更多的短语:despitethat,still,however,nevertheless,inspiteof,despite,notwithstanding

(3)因果(so,so,so)\

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,因此然后那个词就变得专门常见了。事实上那个词表示的是先后或因果关系。

Thesnowbegantofall,sowewenthome.

更多短语:then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,asaresult,forthisreason,sothat

(4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)

有些人脑袋大,躯体小,或者有些人脑袋小,躯体大,尽管我们不希望长成那个模样,可假如确实是如此了,也就必定会吸引不人的注意力。文章中假如出现如此的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。事实上确实是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。

举例:ThisiswhatIcando.

Whetherhecangowithusornotisnotsure.

同样主语、宾语、表语能够改成如下的复杂成分:

Whentogo,whyhegoesaway…

(5)附加(多此一举)

假如有了夫人,总会遇到如此的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句讲,我昨天见过他;或者讲,确实是某某某,假如把夫人的话插入到我们的话里面,那确实是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

Themanwhomyoumetyesterdayisafriendofmine.

Idon’tenjoythatbookyouarereading.

MrLiu,ouroralEnglishteacher,iseasy-going.

事实上专门简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不阻碍整个句子的构成;定语从句-借用之前的关键词同时用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,然而whomorthat关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

(6)排比(移山倒海句)

文学作品中最吸引人的地点莫过于此,假如非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个的对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个的词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有移山倒海之势。

Whetheryourtastesaremodernortraditional,sophisticatedorsimple,thereisplentyinLondonforyou.

Nowadays,energycanbeobtainedthroughvarioussourcessuchasoil,coal,naturalgas,solarheat,andthewindandoceantides.

Wehavegottostudyhard,toenlargeourscopeofknowledge,torealizeourpotentialsandtopayforourlife.(气概恢宏)

要想写出如此气概恢宏的句子非用排比不可。英语专四写作开头技巧1.开头技巧一:名人名言

开头引用名人不仅能够作为专门好的切入点展开话题,而且还能够显示考生深厚的英语功底。可能有的考生会不明白:“我没有记住名言,如何办?尤其是英语名言?”一般来讲,引用名人名言不一定要记住每个单词才行。假如考生能够记住大致的内容,也能够引用。引用名人名言的经典句型:

Aproverbsays,“youareonlyyoungonce.”(适用于已记住的名言)

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwecannotbeyoungforever.(适用于只记住大致意思的名言)

更多经典句型:Aseveryoneknows,noonecandenythat

2.开头技巧二:数字统计

要想使自己的论证更有讲服力,就应该用实际的数字来讲明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,但是在考试考生只需要记住一个大概得数据即可。因此不妨试用下面的句型:

Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about78.9%ofthecollegestudentswantedtofurthertheirstudyaftertheirgraduation.

更多句型:

Arecentstatisticsshowsthat

除以上两种专门用法以外,我们为考生整理了以下开头常用句型,供考生参考:

文章开头句型:

1.对立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,

适用于有争议性的主题.

例如

1)Whenaskedabout...,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat...ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.

2)Whenitcomesto,somepeoplebelievethatOthersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but(Itendtotheproffer/latter...)

3)Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthatTheyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether

2.现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.

1)Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof)...hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.

2)Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbroughttopublicattention)

3)Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.

3.观点法--开门见山,直截了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

1)Neverhistoryhasthechangeof..beenasevidentas...Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaof..beenmorevisible/popularthan...

2)Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...

3)Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognitionofthenecessitytoNowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof

4)Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat

4.引用法--先引出有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

1)"Knowledgeispower."suchistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.

"Educationisnotcompletewithgraduation."SuchistheopinionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopinion.

2)""Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordslikethose/this.Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis"".

5.比较法--通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.

1)Foryears,...hadbeenviewedas...Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing...,people.

2)Peopleusedtothinkthat...(Inthepast,)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.

6.故事法--先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题.

1)Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learntThephenomenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.

2)Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.

3)Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho...Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.

7.问题法--先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题.

Should/What?Optionsof...varygreatly,some...,others...Butinmyopinion,...英语专四写作如何样使句子多样化最好的方法是以简单句为基础,配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短,通常要加些附属成分,如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语,以及节缩成分。总之,作者可依照情况,使句子多样化,使文章灵活多姿。例如下列五个句子的差不多概念一样,但是句式不同,内容重点也有些差不:

(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)

(2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(现在分语短语+简单句)

(3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副词短语+并列分句(1)-(2))

(4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(简单句+形容语短语)

(5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(缘故副词从句+主句)

(6)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.

(7)Hefeltveryuneasy.

(a)Theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.

(b)Theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.

(c)Theyoungpilot'sfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.

(d)Extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.

(e)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.

(f)Itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.

(g)Beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.

(h)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.

(i)Theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.

(j)Whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.

(k)Astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.

(l)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.

在上述12个句子中,(a)-(g)是简单句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是复杂句。简单句除(b)和(g)之外,其他五样,用的人并不多。人们最喜爱采纳复杂句,尤其是(j)和(k)这两款;接着便是并列句(h)。假如大多数人的句子只限于(b),(g),(h),(j)和(k)这五种,而其他的则弃如敝屣,不是专门惋惜吗?

增强英语语句表现力的有效方法

一、幸免使用语意弱的“be”动词。

1、把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如:

Weak:Thetreesarebare.Thegrassisbrown.Thelandscapeseemsdrab.

Revision:Thebrowngrassandbaretreesformadrablandscape.(转换为前置定语)

Or:Thelandscape,bareandbrown,beggedforspringgreen.(转换为并列结构作后置定语)

2、将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如:

1)Weak:Theteammembersaregoodplayers.

Revision:Theteammembersplaywell.

2)Weak:Oneworker’splanistheeliminationoftardiness.

Revision:Oneworker’splaneliminatestardiness.

3、在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中,把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。例如:

1)Weak:Thereisnoopportunityforpromotion.

Revision:Noopportunityforpromotionexists.

2)Weak:Herearethebooksyouordered.

Revision:Thebooksyouorderedhavearrived.

二、多用语意具体的动词,保持句意简洁明了。

例如:

1、Poor:Mysupervisorwentpastmydesk.

Better:Mysupervisorsauntered(=walkedslowly)pastmydesk.

2、Poor:Sheisacarefulshopper.

Better:Shecomparespricesandquality.

三、尽量运用主动语态。

例如:

1、Weak:Theorganizationhasbeensupportedbycharity.

Better:Charityhassupportedtheorganization.

2、Weak:Thebiscuitswerestackedonaplate.

Better:Motherstackedthebiscuitsonaplate.

四、防止使用语意冗长累赘的词语。

例如:

1、Wordy:Mylittlesisterhasapreferenceforchocolatemilk.

Improved:Mylittlesisterpreferschocolatemilk.

2、Wordy:Weareinreceiptofyourletterandintendtofollowyourrecommendations.

Improved:Wehavereceivedyourletterandintendedtofollowyourrecommendation.

3、Redundant:Wehadaseriouscrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.

Improved:Wehadacrisisatschoolyesterdaywhenourchemistrylaboratorycaughtfire.

4、Redundant:MysisterandIboughtthesame,identicaldressindifferentstores.

Improved:MysisterandIboughtthesamedressindifferentstores.

五、杜绝滥用陈旧词语或难明白的专业术语。

例如:

1、Weak:Theywillnotagreetohisproposalsinanyshapeorform.

Improved:Theywillnotagreetoanyofhisproposals.

2、Weak:IneedherfinancialinputbeforeIcanguesstimateourexpendituresnextfall.

Improved:IneedherfinancialfiguresbeforeIcanestimateourexpendituresnextfall.英语专四临时抱佛脚的应用文常用句型一、邀请信

1、I’dlike...tocometodinner

特不希望...共进晚餐

2、requestthepleasureof

恭请...

3、Thefavorofareplyisrequested

敬赐复函

4、MayIhavethehonorofyourcompanyatdinner?

敬备菲酌,恭请光临

5、Thankyouforinvitingustodinner

感谢您邀请我们共进晚餐

6、Ihopeyou’renottoobusytocome.

我期望您会在百忙中光临

7、Thereceptionwillbeheldin...,on...

招待会定于...在...进行

8、Wesincerely/faithfullyhopeyoucanattend….

我们期待您的光临

9、Wearelookingforwardto...

我们期待着

10、Wehavedecidedtohaveapartyinhonoroftheoccasion

为此我们决定举办一次晚会

11、Pleaseconfirmyourparticipationatyourearliestconvenience

是否参加,请早日告之

二、感谢信

1、Thankyouverymuchfor

十分感谢...

2、Manythanksforyour...

特不感谢您...

3、Pleaseacceptmysincereappreciationfor...

请同意我对...真挚的感谢

4、Iamtrulygratefultoyoufor...

为了...,我真心感激您

5、Itwasgood(thoughtful)ofyou...

承蒙好意(关怀)...

6、Youweresokindtosend...

承蒙好意送来...

7、ThankyouagainforyourwonderfulhospitalityandIamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.

再次感谢您的盛情招待,并期待不久见到您

8、Ifindanordinary"thank-you"entirelyinadequatetotellyouhowmuch...

我觉得一般的感谢的字眼完全不足以表达我对您多么地...

9、Isincerelyappreciate...

我衷心地感谢...

10、Iwishtoexpressmyprofoundappreciationfor...

我对..深表谢意

11、Manythanksforyougenerouscooperation

感谢贵方的真诚合作

常用句子:

1.Ishallfeelobligedifyouwillfavormewithacallatyourearliestconvenience.如您方便,请早日来电,我将不胜感激。

2.Delighted!Willcallat2p.m.tomorrow.来条收悉,定于改日下午两点访问。

3.Encl.:DoctorsCertificateofAdvice.附;大夫证明Ishallbeveryhappytocallatyourhouseat6:30thisevening.Untilthen,...我定于今晚6:30去你家,望等候。Enclosure

4.Uponreceivingthisnote,pleasecometomyoffice.见条后,请立即来我办公室。

5.Mr.Listandsinurgentneedofyourservice.李先生急需你的关心。

6.Ihappentobeinurgentneedof200yuan.我因有急事,需要200元。

7.Yournotewithanadmissionticketenclosedismuchappreciated.留言和一张入场券均已收到,不胜感激。

8.I‘mverygratefultoyouforyourkindinvitation,andI’msuretocometoseeyourconcert.承蒙邀请观看你们的音乐会,我一定按时到场。

9.Pleaseacceptthislittlegiftasasmalltokenofmyesteemforyou.奉上这小小的礼物,以表达我对您的崇高敬意。Token=symbol

10.Itrustmyabsencewillnotcauseyouanyseriousinconvenience.望我的缺席可不能给你带来太大的不便。

11.Pleasefavormewithanearlyreply.敬请早复。

12.Hopingthatthematterwillbedealtwithassoonaspossible.希望能及早处理此事。

13.Pleasegiveanextensionofleaveforthreedays.请准予续假三天为盼。专四优秀范文:人生经历与成长“Experienceisthebestteacher,”peoplesay.Indeed,themostimportant,andsometimesthehardest,lessonswelearninlifecomefromourparticipationinsituations.Formypart,youcan'tlearneverythingfromabook.Andonlypracticemakesyouasuccessfulperson.

Tobeginwith,first-handexperienceisimportantforachild.Whenwewerechildren,welearnedthefundamentallessonsoflifesolelyfromexperience.Thatistosay,parentsteachusbyexperiencesuchashowtowalksteadily,howtocopewiththeadults,andsoonandsoforth.Secondly,first-handexperienceisalsoimportantforanadolescent.Atschool,wedonotlearneverythingfrombooks,inthatfewbookscanteachussuccessfullyhowtomeetnewpeopleandmakemorefriends.Finally,asweleaveadolescencebehindandenteradultlife,nobookcanteachushowtofallinloveandgetmarried.Butexperiencingourowntriumphsanddisastersisreallytheonlywaytolearnhowtoliveasuccessfullife.

Toconclude,knowledgegainedbothfromexperienceandfrombookshastheirrespectiverolestoplayinourlife.However,inmyview,Ithinktheformeroneismoreimportantthanthelatterone.Themostimportantlessonscan'tbetaught;theyhavetobeexperienced.专四优秀范文精选二:自信制造成功SELF-CONFIDENCE

Therearemanyfactorsthatcancontributetoaperson’ssuccessinlife.Whetherheisatschooloratwork,apersonismorelikelytosucceedifheishard-working,honest,intelligent,responsible,andsoon.Butofallthepossiblecharacteristicsthatcanaffectone’ssuccess,Ibelieveself-confidencetobethemostimportantforthefollowingreasons.

Thefirstreasonisthatwhenapersonhasself-confidencehebelievesinhimself.Hebelievesthathecanandwillsucceed,andthisgiveshimthecouragetotrynewthings.Inordertobesuccessfulwemustbewillingtotakesomerisks,sohavingself-confidenceisveryimportant.Anotherreasonisthataconfidentpersonrarelygivesup.Whenhefailshetriesagainandagainuntilhewins.Afinalreasonisthatconfidentpeoplearenotafraidtoshowofftheirachievements.Thisisnottosaythattheyshouldbrag,butthattheyshouldgracefullyandconfidentlyacceptthecomplimentsofothers.Whentheirachievementsarenoticedmorebyothersatschoolorwork,theyaremorelikelytosucceed.

Inshort,Ibelieveself-confidencetobethemostimportantfactorinsuccess.Itenablespeopletotakerisks,tryagainwhentheyfail,andenjoytheiraccomplishmentswhentheywin.

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论