大学英语大一期末考试试题及答案

2017案Dictation(15%)ClozeTest(15%)Passage1(5%)Even(1) harmlessfalsehoodscanhave(2) consequences.PhilosopherSisselaBok(3) usthattheycanputusona(4) slope.“Afterthefirstlie,otherscancomemore(5) ,”wroteinherbookLying:MoralChoiceinPublicandPrivateLife.“Psychologicalbarriers(6) down;theabilitytomakemore(7) cancoarsen;theliar’s(8) o hischancesof(9) caughtmay(10) .”Passage2(10%)Weallknowthatamagiciandoesnotreallydependon"magic"toperformhistricks,but(1) hisabilitytoactatgreatspeed.(2) ,thisdoesnotpreventusfromenjoyingwatchingamagician(3) rabbitsfromahat.(4) thegreatestmagicianofalltimewasHarryHoudiniwhodiedin1926.Houdinimasteredtheartof(5) .Hecouldfreehimselffromthetighttestknotsorthemostcomplicatedlocksinseconds.(6) noonereallyknowshowhedidthis,thereisnodoubt(7) hehadmadeaclosestudyofeverytypeoflockeverinvented.Helikedtocarryasmallsteelneedleliketoolstrappedtohislegandheusedthisin(8) ofakey.HoudinionceaskedtheChicagopolicetolockhiminprison.They(9) himinchainsandlockedhimup,buthefreedhimself(10) aninstant.Thepolice(11) himofhavingusedatoolandlockedhimupagain.Thistimehewore(12) clothesandtherewerechainsroundhisneck,waist,wrists,andlegs;butheagainescapedinafewminutes.Houdinihadprobablyhiddenhis"needle"inawaxlike(13) anddroppeditonthefloorinthepassage.(14) hewentpast,hesteppedonitsothatitstucktothebottomofhisfoot.Hismostfamousescape,however,was(15) astonishing.Hewasheavilychainedupandenclosedinanemptywoodenchest,thelidof(16) wasnaileddown.The(17) wasdroppedintotheseainNewYorkharbor.InoneminuteHoudinihadswumtothesurface.Whenthechestwas ,itwasopenedandthechainswerefoundinside.In1912,Houdiniintroducedperhapshismostfamous(19) theChineseWaterTortureCell,inwhichhewassuspendedupside-downinalockedglass-and-steelcabinetoverflowingwithwater.TheactrequiredthatHoudini(20) hisbreathformorethanthreeminutes.Houdiniperformedtheescapefortherestofhiscareer.A.toB.forC.onD.withA.GenerallyB.HoweverC.PossiblyD.Likewise3.A.toproduceB.whoproducesC.produceD.howtoproduceA.OutofthequestionB.ThoughC.ProbablyD.UndoubtedA.escapingB.lockingC.openingD.droppingA.SurprisinglyB.ObviouslyC.PerhapsD.AlthoughA.ifB.whetherC.astoD.thatA.placeB.steadC.substitutionD.caseA.involvedB.closedC.connectedD.boundA.atB.byC.inD.forA.ridB.chargedC.accusedD.deprivedA.noB.heavyC.littleD.thinA.candleB.mudC.somethingD.substanceA.AsB.UsuallyC.MaybeD.ThenA.overallB.allbutC.nolongerD.altogetherA.itB.whichC.thatD.himA.chestB.bodyC.lidD.chainA.broughtupB.sunkC.brokenapartD.snappedA.actingB.actionC.actD.actsA.wastoholdB.holdC.holdingD.heldIII.Paraphrase(10%)Whenotherswerecomplimentinghimonthenewinvention,thebossdecidedtotakehimdownapegbypointingoutthatthesuccesswastheresultofcollectiveeffort.ItdawnedonherthatSusanhadtoldthelietospareherfeelings.Itwillcertainlyputadamperonyourspringfestivalifyouflunkyourtestthistime.Theresearcherswentoutoftheirwaytofindinformationpertinenttothisnewenvironmentaltrend.5.IfinallybroughtithometomywifethatIhaveneverentertainedthenotionofspendingmyholidayinthepackedcasinosinMacau.SentenceRewriting(5%)Thoughitisanimperfectidea,itisthebestwehaveanditistheworkofthereason.(…as…)Hehasneverthoughtthathewouldbecometheleadingactorintheplay.(occur)Itwasratheramonologuethananargument.(somuch…as)InorderthatIcangettheammunitionIneedtomakeacomplaint,Ikeepaspecialfileforwarrantycardsandapplianceguarantees.(soasto)Youhavefinishedyourassignment.Youmayplaycomputergames.(Nowthat)Translation(20%)从某种意义上来说，产出应该和投入成正比。(inasense,proportional)高考象征着公平竞争，但它时常不能正确地反映一个学生的天赋和潜能。(embody,justice)有些年轻的白领过于注重时尚，不惜一切代价追随时代潮流。(fetish，gooutofone’sway)他极其渴望得到教授的认可，所以抓住每个机会请他看自己的论文。(cravepounceon)考试支配的生活。(inthenameof,sentencesb.to)Derivation(5%)1.1.Whether euthanasiashouldbemadelegalisstillacontroversy.(volunteer)Romancemoviesoftenhavedetaileddepictionsofemotional .(tangle)WhilethemajorityofpeopleinChinastillliveinruralar rapid ispredictedbymanyexperts.(urban)Hehasbeen fromwaistdownsincethecaraccidentlastyear.(paralysis)Therebellionwasfinallycrackeddownbytherulingpartywith .(brutal)Herelectrifyinggymnasticsperformancesliftedherfrom(obscure)toworldwiderenown.Hehad(acquaintance)himselfwithcustomsinAmericasincehehadbeenthereforacoupleoftimes.‘Sir,’hesaidwith(reverently),‘itisaworkofgenius.’9.Sheseemedtobealiving(embody)ofvitality.10.The‘all…not’structureisof(part)negation.Phrasal-verb(5%)UsuallyIamshyandfindinitiatingconversationsdifficult.Suddenlyalifetime’sshacklesofself -consciousnessfell andIwaschattingtopeopleaboutmychildhood.Desperatetimescall desperatemeasures.Thenurseswillhelpfullyattend thepatients’needs.4.Childrenhaveanuncannyknackforseeking rulesandregularitiesinacquiringlanguage.5.Thegustofwinddidnotdie thewholenight.6.Theteachertriedtoexplaintheproblem,buttheexplanationdidnotget totheclass.7.Ismellthefreshairandthegrassanditsetsme fortheday.Thelecturewassoboringthattheaudiencebegantodoze .Afterahardday’swork,hecando agoodhotmeal.10.Iamafraidyou’vebeentaken ;thispoundnoteisacounterfeit.MultipleChoice(15%)Youcanusemynotes, .suchastheyareB.suchastheywereC.suchasitisD.suchasitwasBecauseofthe ofitsideas,thebookwasinwidecirculationbothathomeandabroad.originalityB.subjectivityC.generalityD.ambiguityAmericahasnowadoptedmore European inspectionsystems,andtheincidenceoffoodpoisoningisfalling.discreteB.solemnC.rigorousD.autonomousMainstreampro-marketeconomistsallagreethatcompetitionisan spurtoefficiencyandinnovation.extravagantB.exquisiteC.intermittentD.indispensableHisvoicebeganto atthementionofhissufferingsintheolddays.collapseB.falterC.warpD.shiverTherewillbeariskofpublicprotestthatcould reforms.A.setasideB.setupC.setbackD.setin“You notsteal,”isoneoftheCommandmentsinBible.shouldB.wouldC.shall.D.willThenewresearchinstituteisestablishedtokeep withtherapiddevelopmentinouter-spaceexpeditionsinsuchcountriesasU.S.andRussia.A.moveB.stepC.speedD.paceLookatthefollowingwordsorphrases.DecidewhichofthefourdoesNOThaveasimilarmeaningtoOVERSHADOW.dwarfhaveanedgeon/overputsomebody/somethingintheshadeeclipseInthetextTakeOver,Bos’n,whatturnedJeffBarrettfromahalf-madanimaltorturedbythirstintoamanofresponsibility?A.Hispityforthebos’n.B.Hisd esireforpromotion.C.Thebos’n‘swordstohim:“takeover,Bos’n.”D.Asuddenenlightenment.Judge,accordingto“TheChaser”(TextI,Unit7),whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue.Theoldmanhasalargestockofpotionsinvarioustypes.Thelovepotionhasjustatemporaryeffect.Theyoungmanisinferventlovewithayoung,cheerfulgirl.Itisthelovepotionthattheoldmanintendstosellprimarily.InFun,OhBoy.Fun.YouCouldDiefromIt(TextI,Unit8),theprevailingtoneofthepassageis A.seriousB.objectiveC.mockingD.ironicWhatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofthetextOnBecomingaBetterStudent?Todescribethequalitiesofafinestudent.Tooffersomeadvice onhowtoimproveone’sperformanceTogivesomeexamplesofgoodstudentsToexplaintheimportanceofpossessingthesequalities.WhichofthefollowingstatementscanNOTbeinferredfromthetextTheRealTruthAboutLies?Womenare moresensitivetoothers’feelings,whilemenarelessconcernedaboutothers.Manypeoplewhoare“serialliars”donotsufferfromaguiltyconscience.Oneisfreetotellwhiteliessolongastheyarewell -intended.Theimpliedmeaningof MarkTwain’ssentenceinthelastparagraphisthatpeopleseldomtellthetruthwhentheyareindoubt.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthor’spurposeofwriting“OutofStep”.PointingoutthefactthatAmericanswalktoolittletoday.Introducinganalternativetocar-drivingasameansoftransportforanaverageAmerican.ComplainingaboutinconvenienttrafficconditionsforpedestriansinAmerica.TryingtoshowtheauthorandhiswifecannotkeepupwithwhathappensinAmerica.ReadingComprehension(10%)Passage1StaggeringtasksconfrontedthepeopleoftheUnitedStates,NorthandSouth,whentheCivilWarended.Aboutamillionandahalfsoldiersfrombothsideshadtobedemobilized,readjustedtocivilianlife,andreabsorbedbythedevastatedeconomy.Civilgovernmentalsohadtobeputbackonapeacetimebasisandinterferencefromthemilitaryhadtobestopped.ThedesperateplightoftheSouthhaseclipsedthefactthatreconstructionhadtobeundertakenalsointheNorth,thoughlessspectacularly.Industrieshadtoadjusttopeacetimeconditions,factorieshadtoberetooledforcivilianneeds.FinancialproblemsloomedlargeinboththeNorthandtheSouth.Thenationaldebthadshotupfromamodest$65millionin1861,theyeartheearstartedtonearly$3billionin1865,theyearthewarended.Thiswasacolossalsumforthosedaysbutonethataprudentgovernmentcouldpay.Atthesametime,wartaxeshadtobereducedtolessburdensomelevels.Physicaldevastationcausedbyinvadingarmies,chieflyintheSouthandborderstates,hadtoberepaired.Thisherculeantaskwasultimatelycompleted,butwithdiscouragingslowness.Otherimportantquestionsneededanswering.Whatwouldbethefutureofthefourmillionblackpeoplewhowerefreedfromslavery?OnwhatbasisweretheSouthernstatestobebroughtbackintotheUnion?WhatoftheSouthernleaders,allofwhomwereliabletochargesoftreason?Oneoftheseleaders,JeffersonDavis,PresidentoftheSouthernConfederacy,wasthesubjectofaninsultingpopularNorthernsong,"HangJeffDavisfromaSourAppleTree."Andevenchildrensangit.Daviswastemporarilychainedinhisprisoncellduringtheearlydaysofhistwo-yearimprisonment.ButheandtheotherSouthernleaderswerefinallyreleased,partlybecauseitwasunlikelythatajuryfromVirginia,aSouthernConfederatestate,wouldconvictthem.AlltheleaderswerefinallypardonedbyPresidentJohnsonin1868inanefforttohelpreconstructioneffortsproceedwithaslittlebitternessaspossible.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?WartimeexpendituresProblemsfacingtheUnitedStatesafterthewarMethodsofrepairingthedamagecausedbythewarTheresultsofgovernmenteffortstorevivetheeconomyTheword"Staggering"inline1isclosestinmeaningto .specializedconfusingvariousoverwhelmingAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthedamageintheSouthiscorrect?ItwasworsethanintheNorth.ThecostwaslessthanexpectedItwascenteredintheborderstates.Itwasremediedratherquickly.ThepassagereferstoallofthefollowingasnecessarystepsfollowingtheCivilWarEXCEPT .helpingsoldiersreadjustrestructuringindustryreturninggovernmenttonormalincreasingtaxesWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthephras e"…wasunlikelythatajuryfromVirginia,aSouthernConfederatestate,wouldconvictthem"(lastparagraph)?VirginiansfeltbetrayedbyJeffersonDavisApopularsonginsultedVirginiansVirginianswereloyaltotheirleadersAlloftheVirginiamilitaryleadershadbeenputinchains.Passage2AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica.Andoneofthemoreprominentofthemistheseniorcitizendiscount.Anyonewhohasreachedacertainage—insomecasesaslowas55 —isautomaticallyentitledtoadazzlingarrayofpricereductionsatnearlyeverylevelofcommerciallife.Eligibilityisdeterminednotbyone’sneedbutbythedateonone’sbirthcertificate.Practicallyunheardofagenerationago,thediscountshavebecomearoutinepartofmanybusinesses —ascommonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffeeonairliners.Peoplewithgrayhairoftenaregiventhediscountswithoutevenaskingforthem;yet ，millionsofAmericansaboveage60arehealthyandsolvent.Businessesthatwouldneverdareofferdiscountstocollegestudentsoranyoneunder30freelyofferthemtoolderAmericans.Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthewidespreadbeliefthat“elderly”and“needy”aresynonymous.Perhapsthatoncewastrue,buttodayelderlyAmericansasagrouphavealowerpovertyratethantherestofthepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,andmanyolderAmericansarepoor,butmostofthemaren’t.Itisimpossibletodeterminetheimpactofthediscountsonindividualcompanies.Formanyfirms,theyareastimulustorevenue.Butinothercasesthediscountsaregivenattheexpense,directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans.Moreover,theyareadirectirritantinwhatsomepoliticiansandscholarsseeasacomingconflictbetweenthegenerations.GenerationaltensionsarebeingfueledbycontinuingdebateoverSocialSecuritybenefits mostlyinvolvesatransferofresourcesfromtheyoungtotheold.Employmentisanothersorepoint.Buoyedbylawsandcourtdecisions,moreandmoreolderAmericansaredecliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob —therebylesseningemploymentandpromotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers.Farfromakindofcharitytheyoncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshavebecomeaformidableeconomicprivilegetoagroupwithmillionsofmemberswhodon’tneedthem.Itnolongermakessensetotreattheelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeservepriorityoverthoseofot hers.Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeoplecannottakecareofthemselvesandneedspecialtreatment;andtheythreatenthecreationofanewmyth,thattheelderlyareungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandotheragegroups.SeniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceoftheverythingolderAmericansarefightingagainst —discriminationbyage.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat .offeringseniorcitizensdiscountshasbecomeroutinecommercialpracticeseniorcitizendiscountshaveenabledmanyoldpeopletoliveadecentlifegivingseniorcitizensdiscountshasboostedthemarketfortheelderlyseniorcitizenshavetoshowtheirbirthcertificatestogetadiscountWhatassumptionliesbehindthepracticeofseniorcitizendiscounts?Businesses,havingmadealotofprofits,shoulddosomethingforsocietyinreturn.Oldpeopleareentitledtospecialtreatmentforthecontributiontheymadetosociety.Theelderly,beingfinanciallyunderprivileged,needhumanehelpfromsociety.SeniorcitizendiscountscanmakeupfortheinadequacyoftheSocialSecuritysystem.Accordingtosomepoliticiansandscholars,seniorcitizendiscountswill .makeoldpeopleevenmoredependentonsocietyintensifyconflictsbetweentheyoungandtheoldhaveadversefinancialimpactonbusinesscompaniesbringamarkedincreaseinthecompaniesrevenuesHowdoestheauthorviewtheSocialSecuritysystem?Itencourageselderlypeopletoretireintime.Itopensupbroadcareerprospectsforyoungpeople.ItbenefitstheoldattheexpenseoftheyoungItshouldbereinforcedbylawsandcourtdecisionsWhichof thefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’smainargument?Seniorcitizensshouldfighthardagainstagediscrimination.Theelderlyareselfishandtakingseniordiscountsforgranted.Priorityshouldbegiventotheeconomicneedsofseniorcitizens.SeniorcitizendiscountsmaywellbeatypeofagediscriminationEnglishIntensiveReadingSecond-yearExaminationAnswerKey(2010.1)Dictation(15%)Weareinthecomputeragetoday.Thecomputersareworkingallkindsofwondersnow.Theyareveryusefulinautomaticcontrolanddataprocessing.Atthesametime,computersarefindingtheirwayintothehome.Theyseemtobesocleverandcansolvesuchcomplicatedproblemsthatsomepeoplethinksoonerorlatertheywillreplaceus.ButIdonotthinkthatthereissuchapossibility.Myreasonisverysimple:computersaremachines,nothumans.Andourtasksarefartoovariousandcomplicatedforanyonesinglekindofmachinetoperform.Probablythegreatestdifferencebetweenmanandcomputeristhattheformercandothingsofhisownwhilethelattercandonothingwithoutbeingprogrammed.Inmyopinion,computerswillremainnothingbutanextensionofourhumanbrains,nomatterhowcleverandcomplicatedtheymaybecome.Cloze(15%)Passage1(5%)1.seemingly2.unforeseen3.warns4.slippery5.easily6.wear7.distinctions8.perception9.being10.warpPassage2(10%)1-5CBCCA6-10DDADC11-15CADAD16-20BAACBParaphrase(10%)Keys:1praisinghimfor;weakenhisprideandmakehimhaveaclear-mindedrecognitionofhisownability2Shesuddenlyrealized/Shebegantorealize;inordernottohurtherfeelings3make…lessenjoyable;fail4takeparticularcareortrouble;relevantto,5mademywiferealize;heldinmind/consideredSentenceRewriting(5%)Imperfectideaasitis,itisthebestwehaveanditistheworkofthereason.Ithasneveroccurredtohimthathewouldbecometheleadingactorintheplay.ItwasnotsomuchanargumentasamonologueIkeepaspecialfileforwarrantycardsandapplianceguaranteessoastogettheammunitionIneedtomakeacomplaint.Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourassignment,youmayplaycomputergames.Translation(20%)7.Inasense,theoutputshouldbeproportionaltotheinput.8.Collegeentranceexamembodiesfaircompetition,butitoftenfailstodojusticetoastudent’stalentandpotentials.3.Someyoungwhitecollarsmakeafetishoffashion, andgooftheirwaytokeepuptodate.4.Hecravedsomuchfortheprofessor’srecognitionthathepouncedoneveryopportunity4.Hecravedsomuchfortheprofessor’srecognitionthathepouncedoneveryopportunitytoshowhispapertotheprofessor.5.Inthenameoflove,manyparentsoftensentencetheirchildtoalifedominatedbyvariousexaminations.Derivation(5%)6.obscurity7.acquainted8.reverence9.embodiment10.pa