外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习12：必修2 Unit 6　Earth first(含解析)

课时质量评价(十二)必修第二册Unit6EarthfirstA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空Chinaplanstoreleaseoneortwogiantpandasintothewild.Sofarthespot1.________(select)ineastChina'sJiangxiProvince.ItwillbethefirsttimetoreleaseagiantpandaintothewildoutsidesouthwestChina'sSichuanProvinceAnexpertmeetingwasheldinJiangxi,whereitwasdecidedthatpandaswouldbetransportedfromSichuan.ThentheywillbereleasedintotheJiangxiGuanshanNationalNatureReserve.Thenaturereserve3.________(have)amildclimateandaquitegoodecosystem,withabundantbamboo4.________(resource)andlittlehumaninterference,whichisgoodforgiantpandastoreproduce.Researchersalso5.________(brief)introducedtheresearchmethodtoexperts.Themethodincludes6.________giantpandareintroductionprogramme.Thereintroductionprogrammerefersto7.________(release)captive­bred(圈养繁殖的)pandastotheirpastdistributionareas.Theywillliveintheseareasafterwildtraining8.________(rebuild)thewildpopulation.Researcherswillobtain9.________(value)data.Andthedatashowshowpandasadapttotheenvironmentandclimateaftertheystayatthewildhabitats.Theprogrammehashighresearchvalueforstudyingsomeproblems.Whydidpandasdieoutintheirhistoricaldistributionareas?Howdidclimatechangeinfluencethecurrentpandapopulation?Theprogrammewillalsohelpexpandthedistributionrange10.________giantpandas.Besides,itcanreducetheextinctionrisksoftheirwildpopulation.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。中国计划将一只或两只大熊猫放归野外。自然保护区气候温和，生态系统良好，竹资源丰富，人为干扰少，有利于大熊猫的繁殖。该方案对一些问题的研究具有较高的研究价值并将有助于扩大大熊猫的分布范围。1.hasbeenselected考查动词的时态和语态。该句的主语thespot是第三人称单数，与谓语动词select之间是一种被动关系，再根据时间状语“Sofar”可知，此处用现在完成时的被动语态，故填hasbeenselected。2.where考查定语从句。先行词为“China'sSichuanProvince”，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。3.has考查主谓一致。本句的主语“reserve”是第三人称单数，且此处是陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填has。4.resources考查名词的单复数。resource是可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填resources。5.briefly考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词“introduced”，应用副词形式。故填briefly。6.a考查冠词。表示“一个”用不定冠词，名词giant以辅音音素开头，故填a。7.releasing考查非谓语动词。“refertosth.”中“to”为介词，其后用v.­ing形式作宾语。故填releasing。8.torebuild考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式表示目的。故填torebuild。9.valuable考查形容词。此处data是名词，应用形容词修饰，故填valuable。10.of考查介词。range意为“范围，种类”，常与“of”连用。故填of。BDietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry1.________(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2.________past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis3.________(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4.________(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater5.________riceandcreateslessfertiliser(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased6.________(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7.________(globe)fertiliserconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment8.________(start)asoil­testingprogramme9.________givesspecificfertiliserrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertiliserusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.“China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile10.________(feed)itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界知名人士的认可。1.hasgrown考查动词的时态。根据“Since2011”可知，此处要用现在完成时。故填hasgrown。2.the考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。3.actually考查副词。句子结构完整，用副词修饰句子。故填actually。4.toimprove考查非谓语动词。没有连词且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式toimprove。5.than考查连词。根据关键词“less”可知，填比较连词。故填than。6.pollution考查词性转换。hasdecreased后跟名词作宾语，故填pollution。7.global考查词性转换。fertiliserconsumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。8.started考查谓语动词。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，应用过去时。故填started。9.that/which考查定语从句。根据空后的谓语动词“gives”可知，该空缺少主语，指代programme并且引导后面的句子。故填that/which。10.feeding考查省略句。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略了Chinais。故填feeding。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.当你把阅读作为生活的一部分时，你会更好地理解课文。(as)Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llunderstandthetextbetter.2.你练习得越多，理解得就越透彻。(比较级)Themoreyoupractise,thebetteryoucanunderstand.3.在河岸边，我们发现他躺在长椅上，眼睛盯着天上的风筝。(find＋宾语＋宾补)Onthebankoftheriver,wefoundhimlyingonabench,withhiseyesfixedonakiteinthesky.4.直到教授来了，他们才开始测试。(强调句)Itwasnotuntiltheprofessorcamethattheybeganthetest.5.彼得的外套看起来和杰克的一样，但价格是他的两倍。(倍数表达)Peter'sjacketlookedjustthesameasJack's,butitcosttwiceasmuchashis．B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解WildlifeofficialsinUtahhavebeenstockingtheirremotemountainlakesbydroppingfishfromairplanessince1956.AndonAug.21,theUtahDivisionofWildlifeResources(DWR)sharedavideoofthemdoingjustthat.Inthevideo,thesmallfisheruptedfromthebottomofanairplaneintothewater.Itmightseemlikethefallfromtheplanewouldresultinafatal(致命的)endforthefish,buttheUtahDWRexplainedthatatleast95percentofthefishareexpectedtosurvive.“That'sbecausetheyoungfisharesosmall—only1to3inches(2.5to7.6centimetres)long—thattheyfalltothewaterlikeleaves，”saidPhilTuttletheoutreachmanagerforthesouthernregionofficeoftheUtahDWR.“Thepilotliesjustabovethetreelinetodropthefish,oraslowaspossiblewhileconsideringothernaturalbarrierslikecliffsandmountains，”TuttletoldLiveScienceinanemail.Yearsofnettingsurveys(collectingfishinanetandcountingthem)anddecadesofrecreationalfishingsuggestthefishdoallrightafterthedrop.UtahDWRstaffmembershavealsoconductednettingsurveyswithinminutesofadroptochecksurvivalrates.Morethan200ofUtah'sremotemountainlakesarestockedeveryyearusingthisaerial(航空)fish­dropmethod.Thelakesareoftenfarfromanyroadandcantakealongtimetoreachbyland,whichmakeslandtransportsmorestressfulforthefishcomparedwithaerialtransports.Mostofthestockedlakeswouldbefishless,wereitnotfortheDWR'sstockingefforts.TheDWRprimarilystockslakeswithsterilefishsotheycancontrolthepopulationandminimise(减至最小)theirimpactonnativewildlifespecies.Themostcommonspeciestomaketheselightsarevariousspeciesoftrout(鲑鱼)．1.Whatisthepossiblereasonforthehighsurvivalrateofthefish?A.Theirthickskin.B.Theirsmallsize.C.Theirstrongbody.D.Theirgoodappetite.2.HowcanUtahDWRgettoknowthesurvivalratesofthefish?A.Bydoingnettingsurveys.B.Bycountingnaturalbarriers.C.Byrecordingthedropheight.D.Byholdingfishing.3.WhydoWildlifeofficialsinUtahdropfishfromairplanes?A.It'sthecheapestwayavailable.B.Thelakesareunreachablebyland.C.It'sbetterforthefishthanlandtransports.D.Theywanttotrainthefishinaspecialway.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sterile”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Fierceandaggressive.B.Unabletoproducebabies.C.Completelyfreefrombacteria.D.Energeticandgoodatjumping.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了犹他州的野生动物官员自1956年起就通过从飞机上放鱼来为偏远的山区湖泊放养鱼类，犹他州野生动物资源局分享了他们这样做的视频。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“That'sbecausetheyoungfisharesosmall—only1to3inches(2.5to7.6centimetres)long—thattheyfalltothewaterlikeleaves”可知，是因为它们体型小。故选B。2.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Yearsofnettingsurveys(collectingfishinanetandcountingthem)anddecadesofrecreationalfishingsuggestthefishdoallrightafterthedrop.UtahDWRstaffmembershavealsoconductednettingsurveyswithinminutesofadroptochecksurvivalrates.”可知选A。3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，对鱼来说空中运输比陆地运输好。故选C。4.B词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“TheDWRprimarilystockslakeswithsterilefishsotheycancontrolthepopulationandminimise(减至最小)theirimpactonnativewildlifespecies.”可知，画线部分单词是“不育”的含义。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·河北三市联考)Fromsportsteamstomoviecharacters,welovesupportingtheweak.Whilethat'sinspiringforafilmorastory,itcanbehardtoremainpositivewhenyou'reexperiencingastruggle.It'ssaidthatwhatismostpersonalismostuniversal.1Herearesomeimportantreasonswhyyoushouldshareyourstoryofstruggles.Youcanshinealightforothers.2Sometimes,that'sallsomeoneneedstogetthroughadifficulttime.Youcanhelpevenmorebyapplyingideasandsolutionscreativelytotheirownproblems.3It'suncomfortabletoadmittoothersyourfailures,strugglesorothermomentsofweakness.That'strueforeveryoneyetopeningyourselfuptomomentsofweaknessissurprisinglysatisfying.Itrequirescourageandbeingcourageousrequirespractice.Peoplewillsupportyou.4Wealldo.Sowhynotsharethewaysyou'vefacedgreatdifficultyandbouncedback？Ifnooneknowsyourstrugglesthenthey'llneverknowtocheerforyouorwhatyou'veovercometoreachwhereyouaretoday.Anothergreataspectofsharingyourstoryisthatithelpsyourememberthelessonyoulearned.5Understandingwhathappenedandhowyouhandledsituationscanprovideyouwiththewaysclearlyonhowtodothingsbetterandmoveforwards.Youcanalsosharekeyexperiencealongsideyourstorysootherscanlearn,too.A.Ithelpsyoufindyourvoice.B.Youloveagoodcomebackstory.C.Itallowsyoutopractisecourage.D.Youcanobjectivelyanalyseyourownpast.E.That'swhyyourstorycanbringmuchvalue.F.Beopenwiththeworldaboutthegoodandthebad.G.Sharingyourstorywillhelpthemrealisetheyaren'talone.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了与他人分享你的奋斗故事的原因。1.E承接上文“It'ssaidthatwhatismostpersonalismostuniversal.”，并与下文“Herearesomeimportantreasonswhyyoushouldshareyourstoryofstruggles.”相呼应。由此可推知E项符合语境，所以选E项。2.G根据下文“Sometimes,that'sallsomeoneneedstogetthroughadifficulttime.”，并结合上文“Youcanshinealightforothers.”可推知，G项符合语境，所以选G项。3.C根据下文中的“Itrequirescourageandbeingcourageousrequirespractice.”可推知，本段主要讲述的是分享你的故事有助于训练自己的勇气，所以选C项。4.B根据下文“Wealldo.Sowhynotsharethewaysyou'vefacedgreatdifficultyandbouncedback？”可推知，人们都喜欢东山再起的故事，所以不如将你面临很大困难却能重整旗鼓的方法分享给别人，所以选B项。5.D根据下文“Understandingwhathappenedandhowyouhandledsituationscanprovideyouwiththewaysclearlyonhowtodothingsbetterandmoveforwards.”可推知，分享你的故事有助于客观地分析自己的过去，从而总结经验、吸取教训，所以选D项。Ⅲ.应用文写作假设你是晨光中学高二(1)班的班长李华，得知美国学生Chris作为交换生，下学期将到你班学习。请你根据以下提示，给他写一封邮件：1.表示欢迎；2.介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如天气、饮食)；3.介绍本班情况。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：交换生exchangestudentDearChris，I'mLiHua,themonitorofClassOneGradeEleven._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua【参考范文】DearChris，I'mLiHua,themonitorofClassOneGradeEleven.I'mveryexcitedaboutyourcomingtoourschoolnexttermasanexchangestudent.First,I'dliketotellyouabouttheweatherinmycity,whichisoftenwindyandcoldinwinter.Soyoushouldbringyourwarmclothes.Second,wouldyoumindeatingnoodles?Becausepeopleheremainlyliveonwheatflour.However,youwillhavenodifficultyinfindingwesternfood.Third,theteachersinourschoolarenotonlyexperiencedandknowledgeable,butalsopatientandunderstanding.Everyoneinmyclassisactive.Ihopeyouwillsoonbecomeamemberofourclass.I'mlookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely，LiHuaⅣ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThebigTownHallclockwasstrikingmidnightwhenFrankbegantocrossthebridge.Thedarknightairwascoldandalittlewet,andthestreetlampgavelittlelight.Frankwasanxioustogethomeandhisfootstepsrangloudlyonthesilentnight.Whenhereachedthemiddleofthebridge,hethoughthecouldhearsomeonecomingnearbehindhim.Helookedbackbutcouldseenoone.However,thesoundcontinuedandFrankbegantowalkmorequickly.Thenhesloweddownagain,thinkingtherewasnothingtofearinatownasquietasthis.Justthen,heheardshort,quickstepscloselybehindhim.Bythetimehereachedtheothersideofthebridge,hecouldalmostfeelsomeoneathisheels.Heturnedroundandtherestoodamaninalargecoat.Ahatwaspulleddownoverhiseyesandverylittleofhisfacecouldbeseen.Franksaidsomethingabouttheweatherinanefforttobefriendly.ThemandidnotanswerbutaskedroughlywhereOakfieldHousewas.Frankpointedtoabighouseinthedistanceandthestrangercontinuedhisway.ThenFrankwonderedwhythestrangerhadwantedtofindOakfieldHouseatsuchanhour.Heknewthatthepeoplewholivedtherewereveryrich.Almostwithoutrealisingwhathewasdoing,hebeganfollowingthestrangerquickly.ThemanwassoonoutsidethehouseandFranksawhimlookupatthewindows.Alightwasstillonandthemanwaiteduntilitwentout.Whenabouthalfanhourhadpassed,Franksawhimclimbnoiselesslyoverthewallandheardhimdroponthegroundattheotherside.注意：续写词数应为150左右。NowFrankknewwhatthemanwantedtodo._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________