【课件】高三非谓语总复习 课件

非谓语动词

句子成分1.一般谓语都是由一个动词或动词短语来充当

Shegothereatsix.2.有些谓语是由“系动词+表语”构成

Thegirlfeltcold.Heisateacher.句子成分3.有些谓语由“情态动词+do”构成

CanyouspeakFrench?Wemustbecareful.4.如果不及物动词作谓语，则不可以直接加宾语，但可以在不及物动词后加介词再跟宾语

Wedependonourselves,notothers.一：非谓语使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个谓语动词,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时Shegotoffthebus,but

leftherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.非谓语不定式（todo)过去分词(-ed)-ing动名词或现在分词-ed分词二：非谓语动词有哪些？非谓语动词的时态和语态(以动词make为例)

时态

语态主动语态被动语态-ing一般式完成式-ed一般式

todo一般式完成式进行式

making

beingmade

havingmadehavingbeenmade

/

madetomaketobemadetohavemadetohavebeenmadetobemaking/动词-ing：主，谓,宾，定,状,表，补动词-ed：主，谓,宾，定,状,表，补不定式：主，谓,宾，定,状,表，补√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√三、非谓语动词在句中通常作什么成分？

Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词,应保持形式上的一致。

1、不定式和动名词均能作主语、表语

Infact_____isahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantmatch.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.itD为避免头重脚轻，保持句子平衡，用it作形式主语，真正的主语todo置于句后。下列句型中常用动名词作真正的主语:Itis/wasnouse/goodnotanyuse/goodoflittleuse/gooduseless+doingsth.1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：P18

2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：P22

2、不定式和动名词都可作宾语,有何区别？3）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别，如：P264）有些动词后可用it代替todo做形式宾语

1)Ican’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop

2)Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk____thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglostCB

3)LittleJimshouldlove____tothetheatrethisevening.A.tobetaken

B.totake

C.beingtaken

D.taking

如果like,love,prefer前有would/should,

后面则应该接动词不定式。

AAfind/think/consider/feel/makeit+宾补(adj./n.短语)+todosth.Ifounditimpossibletoanswerallthequestionswithinthetimegiven.我发现在规定的时间内答完所有的问题是不可能的。Ourschoolmakesitaruletoturnoffthelights.我们学校规定学生们每晚10：00熄灯。不定式做宾补时省略to:五看二听一感觉，三个使役紧跟着，一个帮助两均可，如若主动变被动，该to一定要带上。3、不定式和分词作宾语补足语,有何区别？Thebossevenmadethemworkonweekends.Theywereevenmadetoworkonweekendsbytheboss.

①Iheardher______(sing)anEnglishsongjustnow.②Iheardher________(sing)anEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.③IheardtheEnglishsong____

(sing)manytimes.(4)IheardtheEnglishsong____________(sing)whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.

(5)Thepolicemannoticedthesuspect(嫌疑犯)_________(enter)thebank.singsingingsungbeingsungentering现在分词表示主动、进行之意；过去分词表示被动与完成；不定式表示在谓语动词表即将发生的动作。

例如：①Thequestion__________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.②Thequestion_____________(discuss)atthemeetingnowisofgreatimportance.③Thequestion______________(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrowisofgreatimportance.discussedbeingdiscussedtobediscussed4、不定式和分词作定语,有何区别？1.Thefilm_______(direct)byChaplinwasveryinteresting.directed2.Thestreetwascoveredwith_____(fall)leaves.3.Chinaisacountry_________(develop)veryquickly.4.Areyougoingtothemeeting__________(hold)intheteachers’officetomorrow?5.AmeliaEarhartisthefirst_____(fly)acrosstheAtlantic.6.Whydidn’tyouattendthemeeting__________(hold)now?fallendevelopingtobeheldtofly非谓语作定语的5种形式：doing/beingdonedonetodo/tobedonebeingheldTodo作状语：P19-20分词作状语：P255、不定式和分词作状语,有何区别？非谓语作状语的6种形式：todo/tobedonedoing/havingdonedone/havingbeendone解题技巧：1.判断是或否考察非谓语2.判断是否表目的3.判断非谓语动词和逻辑主语的关系4.判断非谓语动词与主句谓语的先后关系5.否定not置于非谓语结构前Practice:1).When_______(heat),waterwillbechangedintovapour(水汽).While_______(heat)water,wecanchangeitintovapour.2)_____(see)fromthehill,thecitylooks

beautiful._______(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitybeautiful.3)_________(learn)Englishwell,youneedalargevocabulary.4)______________(finish)theirhomework,thestudentswenthome.5)________________(give)therightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.

heatedheatingSeenSeeingTolearnHavingfinishedHavingbeengiven分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题

分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。

1)

Beinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.2)Hebeinganorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.3)Ashewasanorphan,thenursetreatedhimkindly.

FTT(Trueorfalse)订正下列句子:1．Whilelookingatthemap,apoliceofficercameupandaskedifhecouldhelpme.2．Beingafineday,thechildrenwenttothepark.3．Arrivingatthestation,Tom'swalletwasstolen现在分词与不定式作结果状语时的区别1).Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_________itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

A.makingB.makesC.makeD.tomake

2).Hehurriedtothestationonly________thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound

AA

6、现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别delighting令人高兴的——delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的——disappointed感到

失望的encouraging令人鼓舞—encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的——pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的——puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的——satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的——surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的——worried感到担心的InApril，thousandsofholidaymakersremained____abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A．stickingB．stuckC．tobestuckD．tohavestuck7、不定式何时用主动表被动下列情况下不定式用主动形式表示被动意义：1．在“主语＋系动词＋表语＋todo”结构中，如果句子的主语是do逻辑上的宾语，不定式用主动形式。Theproblemisdifficulttosolve.Englishiseasytolearn.2．不定式作定语，与被修饰词之间为动宾关系，而与句中的另一名词或代词之间有主谓关系时用主动式。但如果没有这种主谓关系，则需要用不定式的被动形式。Ican‘tgowithyou;Ihaveameeting_______

(attend).IamleavingforBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanything________(take)toyourson?toattendtobetaken3．在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中。Idon'tknowwhattodo.Shewilltellyouwhichbustotake.8、动名词的复合结构

动名词的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动名词构成。

1)

LiPing’s/Myhelpinghermovedherdeeply.2)Iappreciateyour/you/LiPing’s/LiPingcomingtoseeme.3)Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthematch?4)Whatmademeangrywasmanystudentsfailingintheexam.

(动名词结构作宾语,其逻辑主语用宾格或所有格均可)(动名词结构作主语,其逻辑主语用所有格)(逻辑主语是无生命名词时,只用普通格)(以-s结尾的名词,只用普通格)1)Iwouldappreciate_____backthisafternoon.A.youtocallB.youcallC.yourcallingD.you’recalling2)________madehermotherveryangry.A.MarymarryingJimB.Mary’smarriedJimC.Mary’smarryingJimD.Mary’sbeingmarriedJimCC9.独立主格结构Allthingshavebeenconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyours.Allthingsconsidered，herpaperisofgreatervaluethanyoursTheguestshadleft,sohebegantotakeashortrest

Theguestshavingleft，hebegantotakeashortrest.Ifweatherpermits，we'llgosightseeing.Weatherpermitting，we‘llgosightseeing.

①一种习惯用法是：在“名词/代词＋介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，名词/代词和介词后面的名词没有任何冠词或所有格修饰，也不用with引导。LastnightIfollowedhimhereandclimbedin，swordinhand.②独立主格结构也可以由“with＋名词/代词＋不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语/分词”构成。Withthemachinetodoallthework，wewillfinishourtaskontime.Hestaredather，withhismouthopen.Withhisparentsaway，theboybecamenaughtier.Hestoodatthewindow，withhishandsinhispockets.Allflights_____becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecided